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Mango is a plant that has many health benefits such as helping the body to ward off free radicals. Research on the cytotoxic test of the ethanol extract rind of arumanis mango (Mangifera indica Linn.) and rind of kweni mango rind (Mangifera odorata Griff.) with the brine shrimp lethality test method was to determine the cytotoxic activity of the rind. Simplicia powder of mango arumanis rind and mango kweni rind was macerated with 70% ethanol. Cytotoxic testing used various concentrations of 1000 μg/mL, 500 μg/mL, 250 μg/mL, 100 μg/mL, 50 μg/mL. From the results of phytochemical screening, the ethanol extract of the arumanis mango rind contains alkaloids, flavonoids, phenols, tannins, terpenoids, and ethanol extract of kweni mango rind (Mangifera odorata Griff.) Containing alkaloids, saponins, flavonoids, phenols, tannins, and terpenoids. The results of the cytotoxic test obtained LC50 values of 41.6869 μg/mL for arumanis mango and 29.4238 μg/mL for kweni mango with a very toxic category of

The mucoadhesive drug delivery system is a drug delivery system in which drugs, along with bioadhesive polymers, are designed to contact longer in the mucous membrane of the gastrointestinal tract. This study aims to formulate glimepiride with sodium alginate polymer to produce granules in mucoadhesive form, the influence of sodium alginate on the characteristics of Glimepirid mucoadhesive granules, and the dissolution profile of Glimepiride mucoadhesive granules. The preparation is made with three formulas with various comparisons. The manufacture of granules is carried out through wet granulation. Characterization of mucoadhesive granules is performed by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). Determination of levels of Glimepiride active substances and mucoadhesive granules with HPLC: ZA 99.2566%, F1 100.8666%, F2 101.01%, F3 100.8733%. The dissolution profile shows an increase in the rate of dissolution, which is 7.4013% for pure glimepiride and successive formulas FI 8.155%; FII 7.6644% and FIII 7.9942%. The mucoadhesive ability of formula III is the highest compared to other formulas, namely 96% (in vitro mucoadhesive test) and 68.67% (wash-off test). It can be concluded Glimepirid formulation with sodium alginate polymer can produce mucoadhesive preparations.

Meatballs and kebabs are processed meat in great demand by the public, made from beef, chicken, or lamb. PCR is an enzymatic method for amplifying DNA in vitro. This study aims to determine whether pork DNA in meatballs and kebabs is analyzed using the PCR method. Sampling was conducted at three meatball outlets and three kebab outlets selected by simple random sampling. The research phase includes the isolation and purification of DNA samples and positive control (pork) using cytochrome b primer and amplification using electrophoresis. The results showed that from the three samples of meatballs, all were positive for pork DNA and from the three samples of kebabs, there was one positive sample containing pork DNA marked with the same band as the positive control (pork) at 132 bp. Therefore, it can be concluded from the six samples of processed meat examined that four samples were positive for pork DNA.

School of Pharmaceutical Science (STIFARM) Padang, West Sumatra, Indonesia, 25417.

Traditional medicine is an ingredient or a recipe for components in the form of plant ingredients, animal ingredients, mineral substances, galenic preparations, or mixtures of these ingredients that have been used for treatment from generation to generation and can be applied by the prevailing norms in society. Traditional medicinal herbs can be an option for health maintenance, disease prevention, and health care and strengthening a person's immune system. With low prices and easy-to-find raw materials, traditional medicinal ingredients can be made and consumed at home. This review aims to provide information that native Indonesian herbs act as traditional medicines and also have potential as immunomodulators. The way to get this information is by searching through Google Scholar. The results show that many native Indonesian herbs act as natural immunomodulators. Therefore, it can be concluded that native Indonesian herbs can be developed into phytopharmaca as immunomodulators.

Mie instan merupakan produk makanan yang sering dikonsumsi oleh masyarakat Indonesia, hal ini dikarenakan mie instan mudah didapatkan, mempunyai banyak varian rasa, dengan harga yang murah dan cara penyajian yang mudah. Saat ini beredar mie instan import terutama dari Korea yang teregistrasi BPOM namun tidak memiliki label halal. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui apakah terdapat DNA babi pada mie instan import menggunakan RT-PCR. Sampel yang digunakan adalah mie instan impor dan daging babi sebagai kontrol positif. Tahap penelitian meliputi isolasi DNA mengunakan kit Thermo Scientific GeneJET Genomic DNA Purification,uji kemurnian DNA menggunakan Spektrofotometer Nanodrop dengan rasio A260/A280, dan diamplifikasi menggunakan RT-PCR dengan pewarnaan SYBR Green. Dari penelitian diperoleh kontrol positif (daging babi) yang mengalami kenaikan kurva amplifikasi dengan nilai Ct 2,38 dan tiga sampel mie instan tidak mengalami kenaikan kurva amplifikasi. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa tidak terdapat DNA babi pada tiga sampel mie instan impor yang diperiksa

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui apakah agarosa dapat digunakan sebagai adsorben pada analisis zat warna tartrazin. Penentuan kapasitas adsorpsi dan desorpsi agarosa terhadap zat warna tartrazin menggunakan metode spektrofotometri sinar tampak. Percobaan dilakukan menggunakan 0,25 g agarosa hasil isolasi dalam 25 ml larutan uji dengan variasi pH, waktu kontak dan konsentrasi larutan tartrazin. Adsorpsi dan desorpsi zat warna tartrazin oleh agarosa hasil isolasi dikuantifikasi pada panjang gelombang 427 nm. Dari konsentrasi larutan standar tartrazin 6 µg/ml smapai 18 µg/ml diperoleh persamaan regresi y = 0,040x + 0,004 and koefisien korelasi (r) 0,999. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa proses adsorpsi optimal pada suasana asam dan waktu kontak 60 menit, sedangkan proses desorpsi optimal pada suasana basa dan waktu kontak 60 menit. Kapasitas adsorpsi maksimum 0,1108 mg/g dan kapasitas desorpsi maksimum 0,1083 mg/g pada larutan standar tartrazin dengan konsentrasi 5,6 µg/ml. Jika nilai kapasitas desorpsi maksimum dibandingkan dengan nilai kapasitas adsorpsi maksimum maka akan memberikan persentase yang tinggi, yaitu 97,74%. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa agarosa dapat digunakan dan dikembangkan sebagai adsorben dalam analisis tartrazin.