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4. The molecular characterisation of dimethylarginine dimethylaminohydrolase-1 and determination of its role in portal hypertension

Author

Mehta, G., Mookerjee, R., Jalan, R., and Budhram-Mahadeo, V.

Subjects
610
Abstract

Portal hypertension is a grave step in the progression of cirrhosis, associated with complications and mortality. The pathobiology of portal hypertension involves fibrosis as well as increased intrahepatic vascular tone. Nitric oxide (NO), synthesized by endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS), is a key regulator of intrahepatic vascular tone. Asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA) is a competitive inhibitor of eNOS, which has been implicated in the pathobiology of portal hypertension - ADMA levels are elevated in cirrhosis and correlate with portal pressure. The major pathway of elimination of ADMA is the enzyme dimethylarginine dimethylaminohydrolase-1 (DDAH-1). The main aims of this thesis are: (i) delineate the expression and regulation of hepatic DDAH-1 in cirrhosis and portal hypertension, and (ii) determine a causal relationship between hepatic DDAH-1 and portal hypertension in cirrhosis. In initial experiments, hepatic DDAH-1 protein expression was significantly decreased in patients with cirrhosis and bile duct-ligated (BDL) rats. Immunohistochemistry demonstrated that DDAH-1 expression was restricted to the hepatocyte. In vitro work with endothelial cells demonstrated that exogenous ADMA is an inhibitor of NO generation at pathophysiological levels. Subsequent experiments demonstrated that DDAH-1 expression was decreased by exposure to hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), and this mechanism was related to the DDAH-1 3'UTR. Further studies demonstrated the presence of predicted microRNA (miR) binding sites in the DDAH-1 3'UTR, and miR-128 was found to be elevated in BDL rat liver compared with sham controls, as well as being a regulator of DDAH-1 protein expression through gain-of-function and loss-of-function experiments. Finally, a novel truncated transcript of DDAH-1 was demonstrated in human placenta. This transcript was found to be protein-encoding, with bioinformatic evidence of a proximal promoter. Thus, a switch in transcript may play a role in placental vascular disorders such as pre-eclampsia. In summary, hepatic DDAH-1 is reduced in cirrhosis, and is causally related to the development of portal hypertension. DDAH-1 undergoes post-transcriptional regulation through microRNA regulation and alternative transcription.

Published
2016

5. Design and Analysis of SEPIC-Based Single-Stage Three-Phase Inverter

Author

Mehta, G., Yadav, V. K., Verma, R., Kacprzyk, Janusz, Series Editor, Pal, Nikhil R., Advisory Editor, Bello Perez, Rafael, Advisory Editor, Corchado, Emilio S., Advisory Editor, Hagras, Hani, Advisory Editor, Kóczy, László T., Advisory Editor, Kreinovich, Vladik, Advisory Editor, Lin, Chin-Teng, Advisory Editor, Lu, Jie, Advisory Editor, Melin, Patricia, Advisory Editor, Nedjah, Nadia, Advisory Editor, Nguyen, Ngoc Thanh, Advisory Editor, Wang, Jun, Advisory Editor, Singh, Rajesh, editor, Choudhury, Sushabhan, editor, and Gehlot, Anita, editor

Published
2018
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12. Ion Beam Analysis

Author

Avasthi, D. K., Mehta, G. K., Hull, R., editor, Jagadish, C., editor, Osgood, R. M., Jr., editor, Parisi, J., editor, Wang, Z., editor, Avasthi, D. K., and Mehta, G. K.

Published
2011
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13. Ion Matter Interaction

Author

Avasthi, D. K., Mehta, G. K., Hull, R., editor, Jagadish, C., editor, Osgood, R. M., Jr., editor, Parisi, J., editor, Wang, Z., editor, Avasthi, D. K., and Mehta, G. K.

Published
2011
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19. Does elevated red cell distribution width shows association with increased Framingham risk score among patients with coronary artery disease? - A cross-sectional study

Author

Mehta G, Godbole Vy, and Shah Mr

Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty, Medicine (General), Framingham Risk Score, complete blood count, business.industry, Cross-sectional study, red cell distribution, Red blood cell distribution width, medicine.disease, Coronary artery disease, R5-920, Internal medicine, medicine, Cardiology, framingham risk score, business, coronary artery disease
Abstract

Background: Red-cell distribution width (RDW) is one of the routinely done investigations in complete blood count. Various studies have found that increased RDW has been associated with adverse outcomes in cardiac diseases. Framingham risk score (FRS) is also one of the widely used risk score for assessment in coronary artery disease (CAD) patients. This study was conducted with an objective to find association between RDW and FRS in patients with coronary artery disease. This cross-sectional study was conducted among patients visiting tertiary care hospital in Vadodara, Gujarat. Material and methods: A total of 204 patients (104 CAD cases and 100 controls) were enrolled in the study. Clinical and demographic characteristics were obtained from all patients. FRS was calculated on patients in both the groups. Investigations like CBC testing, renal function and lipid profile were also conducted for patients in both the groups. Descriptive statistics for baseline characteristics, clinical and haematological parameters have been mentioned in the form of mean and standard deviation. Association between clinical, haematological parameters and FRS with RDW among CAD patients is calculated by correlation coefficient (r). Results: Baseline characteristics of the patients like gender, BMI and diabetes were similar in both the CAD and the control group. RDW was significantly correlated with the FRS (p

Published
2020

20. Preface

Author

Mehta, G. K.

Published
2001

22. Prevalence of Igg Antibodies Against SARS-CoV-2 Among the General Population and Healthcare Workers in India, June–July 2021

Author

Dayal R, Chethana Rangaraju, Dinesh Kumar Baradwaj, Srikanta Kanungo, Sharma Ak, Chopra, Y.K. Sharma, Ashrafjit S. Chahal, Hirawati Deval, Sarang Dhatrak, Aparup Das, Pravin Bharti, Kanwar Narain, Jaya Singh Kshatri, Krithikaa Sekar, Shalini Singh, Pushpendra Singh, Amarendra Mahapatra, Balram Bhargava, Manoj V Murhekar, Saravanakumar, R. Sabarinathan, Khan Sms, Rajiv Yadav, Alka Turuk, Jyotirmayee Turuk, Shanta Dutta, Bashir K, A.R. Nirmala, Krishna Pandey, Jyothi Bhat, Major Madhukar, Gaurav Raj Dwivedi, Avula Laxmaiah, Manjula Singh, Chandrasekaran Padmapriyadarshini, D C S Reddy, Dantuluri Sheethal Varma, Smita Asthana, Arshad Kalliath, Sumit Yadav, Kumar, Behera Sp, Srinivasan N, P. K. Anand, Menon Pa, Dasarathi Das, Sriram Selvaraju, Lakshmi Ggjn, Avi Kumar Bansal, Mariya Amin Qurieshi, Ankit Viramgami, Mehta G, Virendra Kumar, Alok Kumar Deb, Kirankumar Rade, Nimmathota Arlappa, Rushikesh Andhalkar, Nivethitha N Krishnan, Subrat Kumar Palo, Debjit Chakraborty, Tarun Bhatnagar, Pandey Ak, Ramesh Kumar Sangwan, A.M. Khan, Jagjeevan B, Prathiksha Giridharan, Kangjam Rekha Devi, Inaamul Haq, Karunakaran T, Seema Sahay, Saxena R, Rajeev K. Singh, Ganta Venkata Prasad, Sabaharwal, Anindya Mitra, Hemalatha Rajkumar, Rajni Kant, Himmat Singh, Aby Robinson, K. Nagbhushanam, Somashekar Narasimhaiah, Niraj Kumar, Anshuman Chaudhury, Vijay K. Shukla, Thakor M, Ramesh T, Rakesh Balachandar, Pucha Uk, Thangaraj Jwv, Samiran Panda, Muthusamy Santhosh Kumar, Debdutta Bhattacharya, Jain A, Dhikav, Sanghamitra Pati, Amit Chakrabarti, Kumar Cg, Prashant Singh, and Sampada Dipak Bangar

Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty, education.field_of_study, biology, business.industry, Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), Public health, education, Population, Vaccination, Health care, Epidemiology, medicine, biology.protein, Seroprevalence, Antibody, business, Demography
Abstract

Background: India witnessed a severe second wave of COVID-19 during March and June 2021. We did the fourth nationwide serosurvey to estimate prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies in the general population aged >=6 years and health care workers (HCWs). Methods: We did a cross-sectional study between 14 June and 6 July 2021 in 700 clusters in the same 70 districts across 21 states/Union Territory. From each district, a minimum of 400 individuals aged >=6 years from general population and 100 HCWs from the district public health facilities were included. The serum samples were tested for the presence of IgG antibodies against S1-RBD and nucleocapsid protein of SARS-CoV-2 using chemiluminescence immunoassay. We estimated the weighted and test adjusted seroprevalence of IgG antibodies against S1-RBD and/or nucleocapsid protein along with 95% CI. Findings: Of the 28,975 sera tested, the weighted and test adjusted prevalence of IgG antibodies against S1-RBD and/or nucleocapsid protein among the general population aged >=6 years was 67.6% (95% CI: 66.4 – 68.7). The seroprevalence increased with age and was not different in rural and urban areas. Compared to unvaccinated adults (62.3%, 95% CI: 60.9 – 63.7), seroprevalence was significantly higher among individuals who received one (81.0%, 95% CI: 79.6 - 82.3) and two doses (89.8%, 95% CI: 88.4 - 91.1). The seroprevalence of IgG antibodies among 7,252 health care workers was 85.2% (95% CI: 83.5 - 86.7). Interpretation: Nearly one third of the population is still seronegative. It is necessary to accelerate the coverage of COVID-19 vaccination among adults and continue adherence to non-pharmaceutical interventions. Funding: Indian Council of Medical Research. Declaration of Interest: None to declare. Ethical Approval: The Institutional Human Ethics Committee of the ICMR National Institute of Epidemiology, Chennai approved the study protocol.

Published
2021

30. Standardization of method and time of grafting on pecan (Carya illinoensis) under intermediate agro-climatic conditions

Author

Mehta, G., Kumar, R., Bakshi, P., Wali, V. K., Jasrotia, A., BHARAT BHUSHAN, and Bhat, D. J.

Subjects
Agronomy and Crop Science
Abstract

A study was conducted to standardize the method and time of grafting on pecan (Carya illinoensis Wangenh). Three grafting method, viz. Tongue grafting, Cleft grafting and Side grafting with four different timings, viz. 4th week of February, 1st week of March, 2nd week of March and 3rd week of March were used. The results indicated that among all the grafting methods, tongue grafting performed during 1st week of March showed highest grafting success (69.16 %) and maximum survival percentage (47.33 %), maximum number of leaves (24.55), plant height (118.38 cm), diameter of rootstock (2.40 cm), diameter of scion (2.19 cm), plant biomass (131.37 g) and leaf area (193.66 cm2). Hence, the grafting performed during the 1st week of March showed better performance as compared to other dates of grafting.

Published
2018

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