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Shahriar Amirhassani,1 Sasan Mehrabi,1 Seyed Mohammad Hosseinipanah,1 Abdolmajid Iloon Kashkouli,1 Saadat Torabian,2 Mohammad Kazem Moslemi3 1Urology & Nephrology Research Center, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran; 2Health Policy Unit, Ministry of Health and Medical Education, Tehran, Iran; 3Department of Urology, Qom University of Medical Sciences, Qom, Iran Objectives: To determine the long-term preventive effects of intraperitoneal propofol on testicular ischemia–reperfusion injury in a rat model.Materials and methods: Forty adult male albino Wistar rats were divided randomly into the following four groups according to the planned treatment (n=10 per group): group I, control; group II, sham-operated; group III, torsion/detorsion (T/D); and group IV, T/D plus propofol. Testicular ischemia was achieved by twisting the left testis 720º clockwise (ie, applying torsion) for 1 h. In the T/D plus propofol group (group IV), 50 mg/kg propofol was administered intraperitoneally 30 minutes before detorsion. Ipsilateral orchiectomy was performed under general anesthesia to determine the mean testicular weight and to enable histopathological examination of the testes using Johnsen’s mean testicular biopsy score 30 days after the surgical procedure in all groups.Results: The testicular weights in groups I, II, III, and IV were 1.65±0.32, 1.59±0.33, 1.11±0.56, and 1.08±0.50 g (mean ± SD), respectively. Testicular weight was significantly lower in the T/D groups (III and IV) than in both the control and sham-operated groups (I and II), but there was no improvement in testicular weight as a result of propofol administration. Similarly, Johnsen’s mean testicular biopsy score was lower in groups III and IV than in groups I and II, but no positive effect was conferred by the administration of propofol in group IV.Conclusion: The use of propofol in the treatment of testicular ischemia–reperfusion injury caused by testis torsion has no significant long-term therapeutic potential. Keywords: testis, reperfusion, injury, propofol, rats

Despite the role of oral corticosteroids in management of sever asthma, use of these drugs needs careful awareness of its many side effects. There are controversies about the role of methotrexate in lowering the need for corticosteroides in these patients. In this study an attempt has been made to determine methotrexate effects in corticosteroid dependent asthma. Six patients were entered in a double-blind placebo controlled crossover trial and randomly allocated to two groups. Each group got a 12 weeks course of treatment with 15 milligrams of methotrexate or placebo which thereafter was changed to the other regimen. In comparison with placebo, methotrexate caused a 62.5% less need for oral corticosteroid (P

Despite the role of oral corticosteroids in management of sever asthma, use of these drugs needs careful awareness of its many side effects. There are controversies about the role of methotrexate in lowering the need for corticosteroides in these patients. In this study an attempt has been made to determine methotrexate effects in corticosteroid dependent asthma. Six patients were entered in a double-blind placebo controlled crossover trial and randomly allocated to two groups. Each group got a 12 weeks course of treatment with 15 milligrams of methotrexate or placebo which thereafter was changed to the other regimen. In comparison with placebo, methotrexate caused a 62.5% less need for oral corticosteroid (P

This article presents a new strategy for solving the fractional epidemic model of COVID-19 (FEMC-19) in Italy. First a new set of basis functions is proposed to deal with the solutions in the system of FEMC-19. For that purpose the generalized Genocchi polynomials and their operational matrices are adopted. The problem is transformed into a system of algebraic equations with unknown coefficients and parameters. Second. the Lagrange multipliers are employed to approximate the coefficients and parameters. Additionaly, tile convergence is discussed. A limited number of basis functions leads to satisfactory results. Numerical examples confirm the effectiveness and performance of the technique. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim; In recent years, the incidence of thyroid disorders including thyroid malignancies has increased rapidly; This study aimed to describe the epidemiological information of the patients' undergoing thyroidectomy in Yasuj. Instruments & Methods This cross-sectional retrospective study was conducted in patients undergone thyroidectomy in Shahid Beheshti Hospital in Yasuj city, Iran. All eligible patients with thyroidectomy from 2014 to 2018 whose records were complete (136 cases) were selected by census method. All patients' profiles were reviewed and data were gathered by a checklist including age, sex, place of residence, occupation, education, type of the salt consumed, family history of diseases, histories of iodine therapy and radiation exposure, type of surgical operation, and pathological reports. Data were analyzed using Chi-square, paired T, and ANOVA tests in SPSS 16 software. Finding; The mean age of patients with colloidal goiter was significantly higher than the mean age of patients with papillary carcinoma (p=0.013). There was no statistically significant relationship between smoking and the pathological diagnosis (p=0.12). No statistically significant relationship was found between the family history of thyroid diseases and the pathological diagnosis (p=0.068). Conclusion Papillary thyroid carcinoma is the most prevalent malignant tumor, and the protrusion of the anterior neck is the most common symptom. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) represents a large majority of cancers arising from the head and neck, especially the oral cavity. Despite advances in therapy, the five-year survival rate remains low due to the number of patients presenting advanced stages of the disease. The role of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in tumorigenesis in HNSCC remains unexplored. The current study aimed at investigating the mRNA expression of the three major factors in tumor specimens to define their functional and pathological roles in this malignancy. The expression of E-cadherin, vimentin, and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α were examined in 31 tumorous and 31 non-tumorous samples obtained from patients with HNSCC. Total RNA was extracted from all tumors for cDNA synthesis and mRNA expression levels of E-cadherin, vimentin, and TNF-α were assessed by real-time PCR. We showed a significant decrease in E-cadherin expression and increase in vimentin and TNF-α expression in tumorous samples in comparison with non-tumorous ones (P ≤0.05). Also, there was a significant correlation between vimentin mRNA expression and poor differentiation of tumor (P ≤0.05). Since many studies investigated EMT markers in head and neck cell lines, the current study on human samples can unveil the role of these markers in HNSCC and their relationship with patients' clinicopathological features. Therefore, it might be possible to prevent it, and a therapeutic strategy could be effective in the future. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]