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Pers Büyük Kralı I. Dareios tahta çıktığında (MÖ 522) Yakındoğu uygarlıklarının tümü önceki Pers kralları tarafından Pers imparatorluğunun sınırlarına dâhil edilmişti. Dareios iktidarının ilk yıllarını imparatorluk topraklarında çıkan isyanları bastırmak için harcadı. Ancak Pers hakimiyeti henüz Avrupa’ya taşınmamıştı. Geniş imparatorluk topraklarından büyük bir ordu topladı. İskit ülkesine giden güzergahın üzerindeki topraklarda yaşayan Thrak kabilele-rini bazen diplomasi ile bazen de güç kullanarak boyun eğdirdi. Pers kralı I. Dareios’un İskit Seferi, Pers hakimiyetini Avrupa’ya taşımayı hedefleyen ilk askeri sefer oldu. Ordusunu Bosporos’ta kurdurduğu gemi-köprü üzerinden Asya’dan Avrupa’ya geçiren Pers kralı I. Dareios, Istros Nehri’ni, İonia, Aiolis ve Hellespontos kıyılarında hüküm süren tiranların yönetimindeki Hellenler tarafından inşa edilen gemi-köprü üzerinden geçerek İskit ülkesine girdi. İki ay kaldığı İskit ülkesinde bir askeri başarı elde edemedi ve geri dönmek zorunda kaldı. Onun bu seferi; nedeni, tarihi, amacı, süreci ve sonucu da dahil pek çok bakımdan sorunludur. Bu makalenin amacı, seferinin sorunlu yönlerine dikkat çekerek bunlar üzerine değerlendirme yapmaktır.

Seismicity and geological data take an important place in the planning of any city. Although the planning process and the formation of cities take place on earth, it is important to determine the geological structure of the underground and the frequent changes of this structure in shallow depths in three dimensions. Evaluation of this change with geophysical (geological) information is the main factor that determines the distribution of land use above ground. Edirne province and districts earthquake zones map I. IV. It is located within the degree earthquake zone. Enez, Keşan and Ipsala, one of the districts of Edirne, are very close to the northern branch of the North Anatolian Fault Zone (NAFZ), which reaches the Aegean sea from the Saros gulf. For this reason, they are located in the 1st Degree earthquake zone and are the most affected by any earthquake that may occur in NAFZ (from Marmara sea to Saroz gulf). Therefore, considering the seismicity of Edirne province, the city plans of Keşan, Enez and Ipsala districts, which are very close to the NAFZ, have been evaluated in terms of seismicity and evaluated as sensitive to disaster. Within the framework of mitigation planning, proposals for a solution to the revision of plans were tried to be developed., Bir kentin planlanmasında depremsellik durumu ve jeolojik veriler önemli bir yer tutmaktadır. Her ne kadar planlama süreci ve kentlerin oluşumu yeryüzünde gerçekleşse de yeraltının jeolojik yapısı ve bu yapının sığ derinliklerde üç boyutta da çok sık değişiminin belirlenmesi önemlidir. Bu değişimin jeofizik (/jeolojik) bilgilerle değerlendirilmesi, yer üstündeki arazi kullanım dağılım biçimini belirleyen temel unsurdur. Edirne ili ve ilçeleri Deprem Bölgeleri Haritasında I.- IV. Derece Deprem Bölgesi içerisinde yer almaktadır. Edirne’nin ilçelerinden Enez, Keşan ve İpsala Kuzey Anadolu Fay Zonunun (KAFZ) Marmara denizinde devam ederek Saroz körfezinden Ege denizine ulaşan kuzey koluna çok yakındır. Bu nedenle 1. Derece deprem bölgesinde yer almaktadırlar ve KAFZ’da (Marmara denizinden Saroz körfezine kadar) meydana gelebilecek herhangi bir depremden en fazla etkilenecek yerleşim birimleridir. Bu nedenle Edirne ili depremsellik durumu göz önünde bulundurulduğunda KAFZ’na çok yakın olan Keşan, Enez ve İpsala ilçelerinin kent planları depremsellik açısından yeniden ele alınarak afete duyarlı olarak değerlendirilmiştir. Sakınım planlaması çerçevesinde planların revizyonuna yönelik çözüm önerileri geliştirilmeye çalışılmıştır.

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the dosimetrics value of the Tomo Helical (TH) plans with complete block where located posterior of the sided lung compared to TH plans with no block in patients with intact breast cancer. TH plans with intact breast cancer were retrospectively created for 17 patients with blocked or no TH techniques in our clinic. The beam angles were arranged to cover PTV intact breast and to minimize doses to Organ at Risks (OARs), sided lung and contralateral breast in TH plans. There was no difference between the values of Conformity Index (CI) and Homogenity Index (HI) of both plans (p>0.05). The values of Dmean, V5 and V20 of the sided lung in Tomo Helical with block (HTb) were significantly lower than that Tomo Helical with no block (TH) for all 17 patients (p=0.01, p=0, p=0.002). The values of Dmean and V5 of heart in HTb were significantly lower than that in TH (p=0.004, p=0). Both of HTb and TH plans produce acceptable target dose covarage in intact breast Radio Therapy (RT). Especially we produce lower dose V5 values in sided lung volume when, using complete block posteriorly. Aimed to decrease scattering low dose regions in irradiated volume and around the breast, so we may prevent probability of secondary malignancy in breast region.

Doliche is an ancient city located at the northern fringe of Gaziantep in SE Turkey. The settlement spreads over a shallow hill called Keber Tepe. However, the lack of visible remains on the surface severely limits the comprehension of the spatial organization of the site. To understand the ancient city layout, but also to identify promising starting points of archaeological investigations, geophysical exploration plays a substantial role. In 2019 and 2020 campaigns, ground-penetrating radar (GPR) and electrical resistivity tomography (ERT) surveys were conducted to determine anthropogenic structures in selected three study areas (SA) of the hill. Among them, SA-1 is adjacent to an excavation area on the south slope of the hill, where a large three-aisled Christian basilica had been discovered. SA-2 is in the eastern part of the city area, next to a sizeable civic bath building of the Roman period. Lastly, SA-3 covers the mosaic floor of the central nave and the terrace of the basilica where archaeological excavations were carried out in 2020 compaign. Archaeo-geophysical survey presented a challenging task as Keber Tepe is mainly composed of clayish-limestone and the same material had been used for architectural construction. Despite the disadvantages, GPR provided partial traces of the nave walls conforming with the existing basilica structures. The archaeological trenchs conducted in SA-3 confirm the partial reflection properties observed in the GPR sections. ERT surveys in this area provided subsurface models containing traces of anthropogenic structures unearthed. Since the findings obtained from both methods support each other very well in SA-2, we assumed that the field condition in this region of the hill is different or buried materials have lesser clay content in comparison to SA-1 and SA-3. As a result, the archaeo-geophysical survey contributed to the understanding of the archaeological structures and help to identify promising areas for further archaeological excavations.

In this study, the hosting status of Astacus leptodactylus, which has one of the highest economic value of the inland waters fisheries of Turkey, dependent on zebra mussels (Dreissena polymorpha) was studied. Seasonal and sexual differences of zebra mussel prevalence, density situation on crayfish and some morphometric properties of zebra mussels retrieved from host were determined. Field works were carried out in January, April, July and October of 2015 with 8 fishing operations. 200 fyke net with different mesh sizes were used in sampling process. Sex of the crayfish and if they have mussels on them were determined by organoleptic observation. Mann-Whitney U, Kruskal Wallis and Chi-Square tests were used for evaluating of nonparametric data. A total of 4024 crayfish were caught and D. polymorpha was determined on 624 of them. The annual prevalence was found as 15.51% for both sex groups and it is higher in female (19.81%) than in males (9.82%). The highest mean abundance was found to be 1.93 in the spring season. The mean weights of the mussels were 0.2277 g and the average shell size was 12.3802 mm indicating a strong exponential relationship between weight and shell size.

WOS: 000469306900003, Electrical resistivity tomography (ERT) and ground-penetrating radar (GPR) are frequently used geophysical methods in the exploration of near-surface targets such as archaeological features. These methods were therefore applied to investigate a wide area in the Side ancient city located nearby the Manavgat district of Antalya, Turkey. The main purpose of the geophysical survey was to answer several questions about the design or usage of a huge area located nearby the episcopal residence of Side that belongs to the late antique/early Byzantine times (5th/6th century AD.). The investigation area is thought to be the garden (hortus) of the residence. The survey site covering an area of approximately 6000m(2) was investigated in detail by two geophysical survey campaigns carried out in 2016 and 2017. During the two survey campaigns, 102 ERT and 127 GPR lines were measured. ERT data were collected by dipole-dipole electrode array, and a 500 MHz shielded antenna was used to measure the GPR data. By evaluating both data sets with appropriate processing steps, 3D geophysical models of the survey area were produced. These models provided obvious traces of buried anthropogenic structures, characterized by relatively high resistivity and high EM wave reflection amplitude. The identified structures lay on the NS-EW axis, which is consistent with the major layout of the city; however, they do not correctly align with the late period structures currently standing on the ground. Therefore, it is interpreted that these buildings belong to a predecessor period (i.e. Roman Imperial Period). Further information such as the purpose of the use of these buildings can only be revealed by an archaeological excavation, Trakya University [TOBAP 2016/76], The preliminary results of this work were presented in a national technical meeting "7. Yer Elektrik calistayr (Geoelectric Workshop) (7-9 May 2018), Isparta, Turkey". The authors would like to thank Asst. Prof. Serap Erkoc, Research Asst. Adem Yurtsever, Seckin Sertac Lalli and Burak Furkan Gager for their valuable contributions in fieldwork. The ERT equipment was provided by Trakya University in the context of the project with grant number:TOBAP 2016/76. Silleyman Demirel University Earthquake and Geotechnical Research Center provided the GPR equipment. We also want to thank Prof. Dr. Omit Yalcin Kalyoncuoglu, the director of the center, and Olcay cakmak (MSc) for their contribution to the surveys. Finally, we would like to thank Tim de Smet and an anonymous reviewer for their detailed reviews and comments.

Bu çalışma Haziran 2013 ile Haziran 2014 tarihleri arasında Eğirdir Gölü’nde yürütülmüştür. Araştırmada, Eğirdir Gölü kerevitlerinin boy, ağırlık ve eşey kompozisyonu, boy-ağırlık ilişkisi, av verimliliği, kabuk değiştirme mevsimi, üreme dönemi ve yumurta verimliliği belirlenmiştir. Toplam 3008 adet kerevit avlanmış olup, bunların 2456’sı incelenmiştir. Kerevitlerin total boy ortalaması 106,31 mm, canlı ağırlık ortalaması ise 40,33 g olarak hesaplanmıştır. Boy-ağırlık ilişkisinde regresyon denklemi Log W=-3,2648+2,7918x Log CL, regrasyon katsayısı r2=0,9016 olarak bulunmuştur. Deneme sonunda, hem erkek hem de dişi bireylerde negatif allometrik büyümenin olduğu saptanmıştır. Populasyondaki dişi/erkek oranı ise 0,75/1,00 olarak belirlenmiştir. Ortalama yumurta sayısı 309 ortalama yumurta çapı ise 2,53 mm olarak hesaplanmıştır, This Study was carried out between June 2013 and June 2014 in Eğirdir Lake. The length, weight, sex composition, length-weight relationship, catch efficiency, moulting season, reproductive period and fecundity of crayfish were determined in Eğirdir Lake. In this study, total 3008 crayfish were caught and 2456 of those crayfish were determined as 106.31 mm and 40.33 g, respectively. Regression equation of length-weight relationship was found as Log W=-3.2648+2.7918x Log CL and regression coefficient was determined as r2=0.9016. It was found to be negative allometric growth in both males and females. The female-male ratio of population was determined as 0.75/1.00. The mean egg number and egg diameter were determined as 309 and 2.53 mm respectively

Pers kralı II. Kyros’un MÖ 547/6 yılında Lydia Krallığı’nı fethetmesiyle Anadolu’nun Demir Devri krallıklarının sonuncusu da ortadan kalkmış oldu. Mısır hariç tüm Önasyayı fethederek tarihin ilk dünya devletini kuran Kyros’un halefi Kambyses’in ölümünden sonra tahta çıkan I. Dareios, Pers İmparatorluğu’nun merkezi yönetimini satraplıklardan oluşan karmaşık bir idari sistem kurarak güçlendirdi. Satraplıkların bazıları Anadolu’daydı ve onların sınırları içinde yaşam kültürleri, giyimleri ve silah donanımları bakımından çok sayıda farklı halklar yaşıyordu. Bu makalenin amacı satraplık sistemini, satraplıkların kuruluşuna, sınırlarına, kuruluş kriterlerine, yönetimine ve etnik bakımdan tezahürüne odaklanarak incelemek, Anadolu’nun Pers hakimiyeti döneminin etnik tablosunu ortaya koymaya çalışmak olacaktır., The last kingdom of Iron Age in Anatolia is removed when Persian King Cyrus conquered Lydian Kingdom in 547/6 B.C. Darius succeeded to the throne after death of Cambyses, successor of Cyrus, fortified administration of Persian Empire by organising a complicated system formed of satrapies. Some of them was in Anatolia and numerous diverse people in respect to their weapons, wearings and cultures of their life inhabited these satrapies. Therefore the main pupose of this paper is to study satrapy system as focusing on organisation, founding criterions, frontiers, administration and reflcting ethnicity of satrapies, and to offer an ethnic picture of Persian period in Anatolia.

On the basis of geophysical imaging surveys, including geomagnetic and geoelectrical resistivity, possible archaeological remains and their spatial parameters (i.e., location, extension, depth and thickness) were explored to provide useful data for future excavations on the Upper City of the ancient Amorium site, which comprises a large prehistoric man-made mound. The surveys were performed very close to the main axis of the Basilica, and the derived geophysical traces indicated some subsurface structures that appear to confirm that more-substantial brick and masonry buildings lie near the present-day surface of the mound. Analyzing the local gradients by total horizontal derivatives of pseudogravity data enhanced the edges of the magnetic sources. Additionally, a profile curvature technique, which has rarely been applied to potential field data sets, dramatically improved the magnetic-source body edges and the lineaments that may be associated with buried archaeological remains. The depths of these possible anthropogenic remains were estimated by applying the Euler deconvolution technique to the geomagnetic data set. The Euler solutions on tentative indices indicated that the depths of the source bodies are not more than about 3 m. Moreover, geoelectrical resistivity depth slices produced from the results of two- and three-dimensional linearized least-squares inversion techniques revealed high-resistivity anomalies within a depth of about 3 m from the ground surface, which is in close agreement with those obtained by applying the Euler deconvolution technique to the magnetic data. Based on the existence of some archaeological remains in the vicinity of the surveyed area, these geophysical anomalies were thought to be the possible traces of the buried remains and were suggested as targets for excavations. This study also emphasized that the data-processing techniques applied in this investigation should be suitable for providing an insight into the layout of the unexcavated parts of the Amorium site.

Electrical resistivity tomography survey was carried out at the archaeological site of Parion (Biga-Canakakle). This study presents the archaeogeophysical results of the first field season completed in 2006. We aimed to explore the buried archaeological features. The Wenner - Schlumberger array was selected for measurements. The survey was performed with electrode spacing of 1m. The results were presented with three-dimensional volumetric sections formed by combination of two-dimensional model resistivity sections of parallel profiles. In this way, representing the lateral and vertical continuities of the anomalies of possible archaeological features was easily provided. The highest resistivity zones were suggested as the most promising locations for archaeological excavation.

Kuzey Afrika 'da Tripolitania denilen üç yerleşim biriminden birisi olan Lepcis Magna 'da dünyaya gelmiş olan Septimius Severus, Roma 'nın ilk eyaletli imparatoru değildi. Fakat o, Romalı ya da İtalyalı geçmişi olmayan ilk Roma imparatorudur. Fenike kökenli olan Septimius Severus, imparatorluk tahtını yasal yollarla elde etmiş de değildi. Başkent Roma'daki Muhafız Alayı (=Praetoria cohors)'ndan imparatorluk tahtını parayla satın almış olan Didius Iulianus'a karşı halkın sergilediği olumsuz tavır, Septimius Severus 'u iktidara getirecek süreci başlatmıştı. Bu süreç boyunca onun iki rakibi oldu. Bu iki rakibinden ilki, Septimius Severus 'un eşinin ülkesi olan Suriye 'de valilik yapıyordu. Septimius Severus, İS. 193 yılında Roma imparatoru ilan edildikten sonra ilkin Pescennius Niger adını taşıyan bu rakibi ile Anadolu'da savaştı. Hem Niger'e karşı savaşlar hem de daha sonra Doğu'ya yaptığı seferler dolayısıyla Anadolu içinden geçen yolları kullandı. Anadolu'daki eyaletler, kentler ve daha küçük yerleşim birimleri onun Anadolu'dan geçişinden ya da imparator olarak hayatta kaldığı süre içerisinde icra ettiği politikasından olumlu ya da olumsuz yönde etkilendiler., Septimius Severus who was born in Lepcis Manga, one of the three towns of Tripolitania in northern Africa, was not the first provincial emperor of Rome. However, he was not the first emperor not originally Roman and Italian. Septimius Severus, who was originally Phoenike, was not reached the throne throughout the legal ways. Negative attitudes of Roman People against Didius Iulianus, who had bought from Praetorian Quard imperial throne, had been the starting process in which Septimius Severus accessed the throne of Rome. In this process, he had two rivals. The first of his rivals was governing in Syria province which was the territory of Septimius' wife. Septimius Severus first fought with this rival, named Pescennius Niger, in Anatolia. He used roads passing through Anatolia both in these wars and his campaigns towards to the East. The Roman provinces, cities, towns and villages in Anatolia were influenced positively or negatively during his campaigns via Anatolia and his policy as an emperor.

Roma’nın Severuslar hanedanı dönemi (İ.S. 192-235) tarihinin dikkat çeken önemli özelliklerinden birisi, imparatorluk yönetiminin Romalı olmayan yabancıların elinde kalmış olmasıdır. Bu sülalenin ilk imparatoru Septimius Severus, Afrika kökenliydi(1). Dilindeki Fenike aksanı onun bu yönünü özellikle vurgulamak için eskiçağ kaynaklarında anıldı(2). Roma imparatorluğunu yöneten diğer yabancılar, Syria Eyaleti’nin Emesa kentinde Güneş Tanrısı Elagabal’ın başrahipliğini yapan Iulius Bassianus’un iki kızı ve onlardan olan torunlarıydı. Septimius Severus öldükten sonra bu başrahibin kızları ve kız torunları imparatorluk yönetiminin en etkili isimleri oldular(3). Onlar yalnızca yabancı olmalarıyla değil, aynı zamanda kadın olarak imparatorluk yönetiminin etkin isimleri olmalarıyla da önemlidirler. Çünkü Romalılar, kısmen öne çıkan Nero’nun annesi Agrippina hariç, devlet yönetiminde kadın etkinliğine alışık değildiler., Iulia Domna, the second wife of Rome's African emperor Septimius Severus who had established the Severian dynasty in Rome, were from Emesa in the Province of Syria. Her father was julius Bassianus who was the priest of god of the Sun named Elagabal in Emesa. After Septimius Severus was declared emperor of Rome, the other women of Bassianus family, lulia Maesa and her daughters named lulia Soaemias, lulia Mamaea, went to Rome and lived there together with lulia Domna. lulia Domna, while her husband was living, always stayed as subordinate of him and became a real empress that Romans had not been used to it, but she. after her husband's death, was more influential on the administration of the Empire. After her death, lulia Maesa who is lulia Domna's older sister, together with her daughters captured the imperial throne in the name of her grandson, Elagabalus. These Syrian women were so ambitious about governing the Roman Empire that they did not want to share the power with their husbands. However these efforts of Syrian lulia Measa and her daughters did not take them to success which would insure the survival of Syrian dynasty after their death. The aim of this paper is to investigate the process of these four Syrian women's endavour to take the power and to reveal their positions in the imperial government and to depict the arduous efforts of them for keeping their positions.

Severuslar döneminde Parth Krallığı'nın gücü zayıflatıldı. Parth'lara karşı savaşan dönemin ilk imparatoru Septimius Severus, Osrhoene ve Mezopotamya'da yeni eyaletler kurmuştu. Büyük İskender'e öykünen ardılı Caracalla, Parth krallığıyla Roma imparatorluğunu birleştirmek idealinin peşindeydi. Hükümdarlığının son yıllarını (İ.S. 215-216) bu nedenle doğuda harcadı. Hanedanın son iki üyesi, yani Elagabalus (İ.S. 218-219) ve Severus Alexander (İ.S. 231-233) da Partlara karşı savaştılar. Tüm bu savaşlar, Parthların gücünün zayıflamasına ve Sasa'nın oğlu Ardeşir'in Arsaklar sülalesinden son Parth kralı V. Artabanus'a karşı isyanını başarıyla sonuçlandırmasına katkıda bulundu. İ.Ö. 220'li yılların sonlarından itibaren, eski Pers imparatorluğu toprakları içerisinde kurulup genişleyen Part krallığı topraklarında, artık bu tarihten itibaren I. Ardeşir'in mensubu olduğu, adını Ardeşir'in babası Sasa'dan alan Pers kökenli bir hanedan, yani Sasaniler hüküm sürecek ve bu hanedanın ikinci kralı olan I. Sapur, Roma İmparatorlu'nun doğu sınır sistemini çökertecek kadar büyük başarıya imzasını atacaktır. Sasani saldırılarına karşı ilk Roma misillemesi, III. Gordianus'un Doğu'ya, Roma kaynaklarında Persler adıyla da anılan Sasanilere karşı yaptığı seferle gerçekleşti. Ancak bu sefer hakkında bilgi veren Roma kaynaklan az ve yetersizdir. I. Sapur'un üç dilli yazıtı, Roma kaynaklarında yer alan bilgilerin eksik, yetersiz ve güvenilir olmadığı konusunda çarpıcı bir delildir. Bu makalenin amacı, mevcut birinci ve ikinci el kaynaklardan hareketle III. Gordianus'un Anadolu içinden geçerden izlediği güzergah, Sasanilere karşı yaptığı savaşlar ve ölümü konusunu irdelemektir., In the period of Severian dynasty the strength of Parthian Kingdom was weakened. The first emperor of this period, Septimius Severus, had established new provinces in Mesopotamia and Osrhoene areas. His successor, Caracalla, who was imitating Alexander the Great, has an ideal to unite and to rule Roman and Parthian Empires. This ideal was why he had spent his last years (215-216 AD) in the East. The last two emperors of Severian dynasty, that is Elagabalus (218-219 AD) and Severus Alexander (231-233 AD), also fought against the Parthian. All those wars aided becoming enfeebled Parthian and successful revolt of Sasa's son, Ardashir, againstArtabanus V, the last king of Arsacid dynasty in Parthia. From the end of 220s AD Sassanian dynasty that derived from name of Sasa, father of Ardashir, in origin Persian, will reign in Persia. Further the second ruler of Sassanian dynasty, Saphur I, will successfuly demolish the sistem of the eastern frontier of Roman Empire. The first Roman retaliation against the attacks of Sassanian State was Gordian's Persian campaign. But the Roman sources concerning this campaign is little and insufficient. The inscription of Saphur I which was written in three languages, is clearly evidence on being insufficient, incomplate and untrustworthy of Roman sources. The aim of this paper will be to examine the road crossing Anatolia that was followed by Gordian III, wars and death of emperor.

Very Fast Simulated Reannealing (VFSR) is applied to the solution of an inverse electromagnetic problem. The problem is to model the distribution of dipole current sources in a finitely resistive infinite half space. Modelling is done using the observed electrical potential on the interface between the half space and the free space. This method is known as Spontaneous Potential (SP) and is widely used for geophysical prospecting. Object of the VFSR algorithm is a quadratic error function between measured and synthetic data. Method is tested on a field data.

Roma lejyonlarında askerlik yapmak ayrıcalıktı. İmparator Caracalla zamanına kadar, en azından teoride, Roma vatandaşlarının haklarına sahip olmayan Roma eyaletlerinin kent ya da köyleri lejyoner kaynağı olmaya liyakatli sayılmadılar. Ancak liyakatle ilgili buAlke, Augustus'tan itibaren gerektiğinde ihlal edilebildi. Anadolu kökenli askerlerin Roma lejyoneri olmaları bu çerçevede gerçekleşti. Vatandaşlık hakkına sahip olmayan Anadolu'daki Roma eyaletlerinin kent ya da köylerinden lejyoner olarak Roma ordusuna dâhil edilen bir askere, imparatorluk sınırları içerisinde bulunan benzer koşullardaki diğer eyaletlerin kent ya da köylüleri için olduğu gibi, ya lejyoner olunca ya da terhis olurken Roma vatandaşlık hakkı tanındı. Böylece o, Romalı ismine sahip oldu. Roma lejyonları ve onların Anadolu ile ilişkisi üzerine Türkçe yayın olmayışını da dikkate alarak kaleme aldığımız bu makalede Anadolu'nun hangi kentlerinin lejyoner kaynağı olarak kullanıldığı, bu kaynakları kullanan Roma lejyonlarının adları ve onların hangi koşullarda bu kaynakları kullanmak durumunda kaldıkları sorularının yanıtı aranacaktır., It was a privilege to serve in Roman legions. At least theoretically, the cities and villages(communities) of the Roman provinces that did not have franchise, were not capable of being a source of legionary untill the Caracalla period.. But principle of this franchise could be neglected after Augustus. The recruits of Anatolian origin for Roman legions realised in this condition. The franchise was granted for a soldier, who was from provincial towns and communities that were not given franchise, when he included to one Roman legion or discharged from it. So he had Roman name. In this paper, considering the lack of Turkish publications about Roman legions and their to connections of Anatolia, it is questioned the Anatolian towns which were used as sources of Roman legions and the names of legions and under what conditions these sources were to be used.

SUMMARY In this study, we determined electrical and dynamic properties of surface geology by electrical resitivity at 42 stations and microtremor measurements at 46 stations. Interpretation of direct current resitivity data presents that a resistive structure (~150 ohm-m) exists between Canakkale strait and Sar cay basin, extending towards western part of the study area. The resistivity values decrease towards the eastern side. On the other hand, according to microtremor measurements, predominant periods were determined in the range of 0.15-1 sec. and the period with the value between 0.5 and 1 sec., which points out soft alluvial layers in the middle of the Sar cay basin. Additionally, small period values were observed at the northern side, where topography is high and consist of older geological unit than alluvium, and this indicates relatively compact zones.