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The first multiband photometric solutions of the short-period V Gru eclipsing binary from the southern hemisphere is presented in this study. Light curves of the system were observed through BVI filters at the Congarinni Observatory in Australia for 15 nights. In addition to the new ground-based data, we also used the TESS observations in two sectors. We analyzed the light curves of the system using the PHysics Of Eclipsing BinariEs (PHOEBE) 2.4.7 version code to achieve the best accordance with the photometric observations. The solutions suggest that V Gru is a near-contact binary system with q=1.302(81) mass ratio, f1=0.010(23), f2=-0.0.009(21), and i=73.45(38). We considered the two hot spots on the hotter and cooler components for the light curve analysis. We extracted the minima times from the light curves based on the Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) approach. Using our new light curves, TESS, and additional literature minima, we computed the ephemeris of V Gru. The system's eclipse timing variation trend was determined using the MCMC method. This system is a good and challenging case for future studies., Comment: Accepted by the Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics (RAA) journal

Purpose Severe early childhood caries (SECC) is known to affect young children worldwide. However, there is little information about the effects of SECC on Iron deficiency anemia (IDA). The aim of this study was to investigate the IDA in children with severe caries undergoing dental surgery under general anesthesia. Methods A total of 160 children were evaluated; age ranged from two to six years and mean age was 4.8 ± 1.1 years. Before performing general anesthesia, blood samples were assessed regarding hemoglobin (Hgb), hematocrit (Hct), mean corpuscular volume (MCV) as biochemical indicators of IDA. Results The mean deft score was 10.1 ± 4.1. The children in this study were defined to have SECC. All of the anemia-related measurements were in the standard ranges, except for MCV values. There were no statistically significant differences between serum Hgb (p = 0.205) and Hct levels (p = 0.386), but statistically significant differences were found among serum MCV levels (p = 0.018) in children with severe caries. Pearson Correlation analysis among SECC and Hgb (p = 0.54),Hct (p = 0.88) and MCV (p = 0.39) revealed that there were no significant differences. Conclusions There was no association between SECC and serum Hgb, Hct and MCV levels, but low levels of MCV might be an indicator of microcytic anemia which is most commonly caused by iron deficiency. In the present study, we concluded that SECC might be a risk marker for iron deficiency.

Objective: To compare the fracture resistance of simulated immature teeth filled with an apical barrier of mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA), Biodentine, and calcium-enriched mixture (CEM). Materials and Methods: Fifty-two single-rooted human maxillary central incisors were used. For standardization, the teeth were sectioned 6 mm above and 9 mm below the cementoenamel junction to simulate immature apex. Simulations of roots into immature apices were carried out using 1.5 mm diameter drills. The specimens were then randomly divided into three experimental groups (n = 13) and one control group (n = 13). In experimental groups, MTA, Biodentine, and CEM were placed to apical 4 mm of the simulated immature roots. The samples were stored at 37°C and 100% humidity for 1 week. A load was applied on the crown of all teeth at 135° to their long axis until fracture. The data were analyzed using one-way analysis of variance and Tukey post-hoc tests. Results: No statistically significant differences were found among MTA, CEM, and Biodentine (P > 0.05), and these groups demonstrated higher fracture resistance than control group (P < 0.05). Conclusions: Using any of the MTA, Biodentine, and CEM as an apical plug and restoring with fiber post and composite resin increases the fracture resistance of immature teeth.

We present the results of our investigation and first analysis of the geometrical and physical parameters of the 1SWASP J15133589-3725239 and 1SWASP J22310605-1940584 W UMa-type binary systems. Light curve analysis was performed with the PHOEBE0.31a interface program based on the Wilson-Devinney code. New times of minima and light elements have been determined. According to our solution, the 1SWASP J15133589-3725239 and 1SWASP J22310605-1940584 binary systems are respectively found to be A- and W-type W UMa systems. We derived the following masses and radii for the components of these eclipsing systems: M 1 = 2.578 M⊙, M 2 = 1.741 M⊙, R 1 = 1.113 R⊙ and R 2 = 0.928 R⊙ for 1SWASP J15133589-3725239 and M 1 = 0.743 M⊙, M 2 = 0.469 M⊙, R 1 = 0.715 R⊙ and R 2 = 0.578 R⊙ for 1SWASP J22310605-1940584. The evolutionary state of the systems is also discussed.

The aim of this study was to make a comparison between the cyclic fatigue (CF) resistance of F360, twisted files (TF), FlexMaster (FM) and RaCE instruments with 4% taper. A total of 40 instruments were evaluated 8 mm from the tip. A stainless steel block with a simulated canal of 1.5 mm diameter, and a 60° angle of curvature was tested using CF testing. One-way ANOVA and posthoc Tukey's test (P 0.05). F360 instruments with a double S cross-section had the highest CF resistance among the group. The TF led the NiTi rotary files to be more resistant to fatigue than the FM and RaCE instruments.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of endodontic instrument systems in the removal of calcium hydroxide [Ca(OH)(2)] from simulated immature teeth. The root canals of 106 human single-rooted teeth were shaped with ProTaper rotary files up to an F5 file size. Simulation of roots with immature apices was carried out using size 4 green 1.5-mm diameter Unicore drills. A non-setting Ca(OH)(2) was injected into each root canal and inserted into the working length using lentulo spiral, after which cotton pellets were placed over canal orifices. The apical and coronal side of the roots were then sealed with glass ionomer cement and light cured. Specimens were stored in distilled water for 3 months at 37 °C. After 3 months, the temporary coronal seal was removed and the samples were randomly divided into five experimental groups according to the method used for Ca(OH)(2) removal (ProTaper, Reciproc, OneShape, WaveOne, and Manual) (n = 20), one positive control group (n = 3) and one negative control group (n = 3). The amount of remaining Ca(OH)(2) in the canal walls was measured under a stereomicroscope at 30× magnification. The data were analyzed using Kruskal-Wallis test and Mann-Whitney U test at a significance level of 0.05. Positive and negative control groups were found to be statistically different from all other groups (p 0.05). As a conclusion, none of the techniques completely removed Ca(OH)(2) from simulated immature teeth.

To compare the cyclic fatigue resistance of ProTaper Gold (PTG, Dentsply Tulsa Dental Specialities, Tulsa, OK, USA), ProTaper Next (PTN, Dentsply Tulsa Dental Specialities) and ProTaper Universal (PTU, Dentsply Tulsa Dental Specialities) instruments at different levels.A total of 72 files were used to evaluate the cyclic fatigue of PTU (F2), PTN (X2) and PTG (F2) at 5 mm (n = 12) and 8 mm (n = 12) from the tip in 3-mm-radius steel canals with a 60° angle of curvature. The time to fracture was recorded. The Kolmogorov-Smirnov test was used to assess the normality of the samples distribution, and the statistical analysis was performed using the independent sample t-test (P0.01).Significant differences were found amongst the instruments 5 mm from the tip (P0.01). The PTG files had the highest CF resistance, and the PTN files displayed greater CF resistance than the PTU files. No significant differences were found between the PTG and PTN files 8 mm from the tip (P0.01). The PTG and PTN files demonstrated greater CF resistance than the PTU files (P0.01).The PTG instruments were the most resistant 5 and 8 mm from the tip; however, at 8 mm, there was no difference between the PTG and PTN instruments. The PTU files had the lowest CF resistance at all levels.

In this article, a period analysis of the late-type eclipsing binary VV UMa is presented. This work is based on the periodic variation of eclipse timings of the VV UMa binary. We determined the orbital properties and mass of a third orbiting body in the system by analyzing the light-travel time effect. The O-C diagram constructed for all available minima times of VV UMa exhibits a cyclic character superimposed on a linear variation. This variation includes three maxima and two minima within approximately 28,240 orbital periods of the system, which can be explained as the light-travel time effect (LITE) because of an unseen third body in a triple system that causes variations of the eclipse arrival times. New parameter values of the light-time travel effect because of the third body were computed with a period of 23.22 +/- 0.17 years in the system. The cyclic-variation analysis produces a value of 0.0139 day as the semi-amplitude of the light-travel time effect and 0.35 as the orbital eccentricity of the third body. The mass of the third body that orbits the eclipsing binary stars is 0.787 +/- 0.02 M-circle dot, and the semi-major axis of its orbit is 10.75 AU. (C) 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Objective: The aim of this study was to compare the fracture strength of roots instrumented with three different single file rotary systems in curved mesial root canals of maxillary molars. Materials and Methods: Curvatures of 25°–35° on mesial roots of 60 maxillary molar teeth were sectioned below the cementoenamel junction to obtain roots 11 mm in length. The roots were balanced with respect to buccolingual and mesiodistal diameter and weight. They were distributed into three experimental groups and one control group (no instrumentation) (n = 15): Reciproc rotary file (R25, VDW, Munich, Germany), WaveOne Primary rotary file (Dentsply Tulsa Dental Specialties, Tulsa, UK) and OneShape (Micro-Mega, Besancon, France) rotary file. Vertical load was applied until fracture occurred. Data were statistically analyzed using one-way analysis of variance test (P < 0.05). Results: The mean fracture load was 412 ± 72 Newton (N) for the control group, 395 ± 69 N for the Reciproc group, 373 ± 63 N for the WaveOne group and 332 ± 68 N for the OneShape group. The fracture load differences among three experimental groups were not statistically significant (P > 0.05.) Whereas, the fracture loads of control and OneShape groups were significantly different (P = 0.012). Conclusions: Fracture resistance of the roots instrumented with WaveOne and Reciproc file systems were similar to the control group whereas it was observed that OneShape rotary file systems enhance the fracture strength of standardized curved roots when compared with the control group.

This work is targeted on the photometric (light curve) analysis of the stars with G2 spectral type. The sun like star (ASAS ID 211049-3657.9) located in the ASAS catalogue was subjected to its photometric solutions and the light curve analysis in V band. The light curve of ASAS ID 211049-3657.9 binary system which belongs to the Southern Hemisphere shows the variation of l Lyr type. The solution of light curve was carried out using the PHOBE code. The photometiic solution reveals a semi-detached configuration with a less-massive component filling its own Roche lobe. The absolute parameters, very close to the astrophysical fundamental values of the sun, are obtained as a result of the solution. A spotted solution for ASAS ID 211049-3657.9 binary system with the Sun-like selected from the solar analogue star list of Tannver (2012, 2013) is conducted. The masses of the primary and secondary components for ASAS ID 211049-3657.9 are M1 = 1.00741 M and M2 = 0.37535 M, respectively. While the radius for the primary was R1 = 1.00097 R, and for the secondary R2 = 1.19107 Ro and the temperature of the primary and secondary are T1 = 5850 K and T2 = 5150 K, respectively. The positions in the HR diagram of the components are also discussed. (C) 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

This study is focused on the photometric solution of stars of the G2V spectral type. Photometric solutions light curve analysis in V-band were applied to the sun-like star (BG Vul) located in the ASAS catalog. The light curve of BC Vul showed variation in W UMa (EW/KW) type. Absolute parameters very close to the astrophysical fundamental values of the sun were obtained as a result of the solution. Period variation of the sun-like BC Vul variable star selected from the solar analog star list of Tanriver (2012, 2013) was performed. We conducted an unspotted solution for the BC Vul binary system. The masses of the primary and secondary components for BC Vul were M-1 = 1.017 M-circle dot and M-2 = 0.895 M-circle dot, respectively, while the radius for the primary was R-1 = 1.238 R-circle dot, and R-2 = 1.176 R-circle dot for the secondary. The temperatures of the primary and secondary were T-1 = 5868 K and T-2 = 5520 K, respectively. We revealed that BG Vul is most likely a member of the A-type subclass of W UMa binaries. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Trauma to the oral region occurs frequently, comprising 5% of all injuries. The most common dental injuries are lateral luxations which can be seen with a prevalence of up to 27% among dental injuries. Ectopic eruption of maxillary canines can lead to root resorption on maxillary lateral incisors especially on apical and middle thirds of the roots. Half of these resorbed lateral incisors show severe resorption, in which the pulp is exposed. This case report describes non-surgical treatment with mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) and a six-year follow-up of a maxillary lateral incisor, resorbed by ectopic eruption of the canine and affected by lateral luxation injury. The tooth was asymptomatic, and radiographic examination showed that the resorbed region had been successfully repaired with new hard tissue deposition within the six-year follow-up. MTA can be considered an effective repair material in nonsurgical treatment of this type of root resorption.

Objective: The aim of this case report is to describe the treatment of a primary molar with a deep carious lesion by pulpotomy and placement of a ceramic endocrown. Clinical case: A 7-year-old male patient with profound caries in tooth number 85 was referred to our clinic and underwent a pulpotomy. As the final treatment in tooth restoration, placement of an endocrown was planned, because little more than half of the tooth structure remained. After an additional request from the patient's parents for an advanced and prompt restoration, a computer-aided design/computer-aided manufacturing (CAD/CAM) polymer-infiltrated ceramic network (PICN) block was chosen. A three-dimensional model of the arch was obtained after scanning the dental cast, and the endocrown was designed digitally according to the model. When the design was complete, the endocrown was fabricated with a milling machine. Finally, the endocrown was cemented with self-adhesive resin cement. Results: Over the 9-month follow-up period, no pulpal or periradicular pathology was observed on radiographs. Regarding the crown, the marginal fit was excellent, the anatomical form was protected, and no discoloration occurred. Conclusion: During follow-up, the CAD/CAM PICN block endocrown proved to be a good material for the short- to long-term treatment of a primary tooth. However, more clinical cases and follow-up are required to investigate the long-term effects of antagonistic tooth wear.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to determine the depth of cure, degree of conversion (DC), hardness, and cervical sealing ability of silorane-based composite (Filtek Silorane [FS; 3M, Seefeld, Germany]) and to compare with methacrylate-based composites (MBCs = Filtek Supreme XT [FSXT] and Filtek P60 [FP60]). Materials and Methods: The DC and hardness of every material were evaluated after 1, 7, and 30 days. The depth of cure was determined using the ISO 4049:2000 standard. Microleakage was evaluated by measuring dye penetration across the gingival wall in cross-sectioned specimens. Results: FS showed lower depth of cure than FSXT and FP60. The DC of FS was significantly lower when compared to FP60 and FSXT. FS exhibited lower hardness than both FSXT and FP60 after 1 day of storage. The hardness of FS remained unchanged during the storage period. FS showed reduced microleakage scores compared to FSXT and showed similar microleakage scores compared to FP60. Conclusions: In conclusion, the DC and cure depth of FS are lower than those of MBCs. However, FS revealed stable hardness in water that is comparable to MBCs. The sealing ability of FS is similar or even better than that of MBCs. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE Filtek Silorane can be used as an alternative to methacrylate-based composites because of its good sealing ability and stable hardness results. However, Filtek Silorane showed the lowest depth of cure, therefore clinicians should avoid thicker increments when working with Filtek Silorane. (J Esthet Restor Dent 23:324–337, 2011)

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of different techniques of surface treatment on the microleakage of a fissure sealant in molar teeth. A total of 50 freshly extracted noncarious human third molars were randomly assigned to one of five groups. Occlusal fissures were treated with one of the following: acid etching with 35% orthophosphoric acid (group 1); fissurotomy with a Fissurotomy Micro NTF metal bur (group 2); laser etching with an Er,Cr:YSGG laser at 2 W and 20 Hz (group 3); laser etching with an Er,Cr:YSGG laser at 2 W and 40 Hz (group 4); and air abrasion for 20 s with 30-µm Al(2)O(3) particles via a CoJet Prep device (group 5). After surface pretreatment, a resin-based sealant was applied to the fissures. The sample teeth were subjected to thermocycling and stored in distilled water at 37°C for 1 month. Following immersion in 0.5% basic fuchsin solution for 24 h, three buccolingual slices of each sample tooth were scored under a stereomicroscope, and the morphological appearance of the area between the enamel surface and fissure sealant was examined under a scanning electron microscope. The Kruskal-Wallis test and one-way ANOVA revealed significant differences in marginal leakage, as follows: group 1 showed significantly lower scores than groups 2 and 5, the scores of groups 1, 3 and 4 were not significantly different, and group 2 showed significantly higher scores than groups 3 and 4. Laser irradiation, the metal bur, and the CoJet Prep device did not eliminate the need for acid etching of the enamel prior to placement of a fissure sealant. Laser etching at 2 W (20 Hz or 40 Hz) may be an alternative to conventional acid-etching.

International Journal of Paediatric Dentistry 2011; 21: 306–313 Background. This study investigates preliminary investigations that a pre-emptive analgesia administration may reduce post-extraction pain. Aim. This prospective, placebo-controlled, randomized, double-blind trial was planned to compare the efficacy of the pre-emptive administration of ibuprofen, paracetamol, and placebo in reducing post-extraction pain in children. Design. Forty-five children, ages 6–12, who needed primary mandibular molar tooth extraction were treated in paediatric dental clinics, with treatment preceded by local anaesthesia and analgesic drugs during the preoperative period. A five-face scale was used to evaluate pain reaction during the injection, extraction, and post-operative period. Self-report scores were recorded when the local anaesthesia had been administered in soft tissues and both before and after the extraction was completed. The Kruskal–Wallis and Mann–Whitney U tests (with Bonferroni correction paired t-test as the post hoc test) were used at a confidence level of 95%. Results. The use of pre-emptive analgesics showed lower scores compared to the placebo, irrespective of the age, weight, gender of the child, and the number of teeth extracted during the study period. Additionally, ibuprofen exhibited lower pain scores (P

Root fractures are rare occurrences through all dental injuries. They comprise only 0.5% to 7.0% of traumas affecting the permanent teeth. Generally the cervical and middle thirds of the roots are affected. The healing of these lesions depends on the health of the pulp, dentine, cementum, and alveolar bone. These case reports describe the management and 2-year follow-up of 3 maxillary central incisors with horizontal root fractures treated with mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) as apical plug.

PubMed: 26950815, Objective: To evaluate the effect of ethanolic extracts of propolis (EEP) addition in different proportions to glass ionomer cement (GIC) on microleakage and microhardness of GIC. Study design: The cement was divided into four groups: one using the original composition and three with 10%, 25%, and 50% EEP added to the liquid and then manipulated. For microleakage assessment, sixty primary molars were randomly divided into four groups (n=15). Standard Class II cavities were prepared and then filled with EEP in different proportions added to GICs. Microleakage test was performed using a dye penetration method The data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA and Mann - Whitney U tests (alpha = 0.05). Disc shaped specimens were prepared from the tested GIC to determine Vickers hardness (VHN). The data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA and post hoc Tukey test (alpha = 0.05). Results: There were no statistically significant differences between the groups in terms of microleakage (p > 0.05). There were statistically signcant differences between the VHN values of groups (p < 0.05). Increasing addition of EEP to GIC statistically significantly increased VHN value of GIC (p < 0.05). Conclusions: The addition of EEP to GIC increased the microhardness of the GIC and did not adversely affect the microleakage. Thus, it might be used during routine dental practice due to its antibacterial properties

Horizontal root fractures are complex traumatic injuries that require multidisciplinary management. A 48-month clinical-radiographical follow-up of delayed intentional replantation in a patient with horizontal root fractures was presented. A 10-year-old male patient was referred to the Pediatric Dentistry department 10 days after the initial intervention due to severe trauma in the maxillary central incisor region. Severe gingival inflammation together with mobility was observed in the intraoral examination of patient, who attended to our clinic in a late period. Horizontal root fractures were detected in the apical region of the teeth with radiographic examination. Intentional replantation was planned to remove the fractured apical segments and to regenerate the damaged periodontal tissues. The teeth in the trauma region were gently extracted, granulation tissues were debrided after removal of the fractured segments in the alveolar socket, and the teeth were soaked in doxycycline solution. Subsequently, the apical parts of the teeth were plugged with mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA), the tooth surface was coated with Emdogain gel and the teeth were placed in the sockets after completing the endodontic treatments. The teeth were splinted for 2 weeks in a semi-rigid fashion. No pathologies were detected, while marked healing in the periodontal tissues and ankylosis were observed in the teeth at the 48-month clinical-radiographical follow-up. Though the follow-up in our case is 48 months, delayed intentional replantation in hopeless trauma cases with Emdogain and MTA can be discussed as an acceptable way for managing dental trauma in a growing child. Key Words: Horizontal-root fractures, Intentional Replantation, Emdogain, MTA Horizontal kok kirikli iki orta keser disin apikal MTA tikaci ve Emdogain uygulamasiyla bilincli replantasyonu: Vaka raporu Ozet Horizontal kok kiriklari multidisipliner tedavi gerektiren kompleks travmatik yaralanmalardir. Bu vaka raporunda horizontal kok kirikli bir hastanin gecikmis bilincli replantasyonunun 48 aylik klinik-radyografik takibi sunulmustur. On yasinda erkek bir hasta ust orta keser dis bolgesindeki siddetli travma nedeniyle gerceklestirilen ilk mudahaleden 10 gun sonra cocuk dis hekimligi bolumune sevkedilmistir. Klinigimize gec basvuran hastamizin agiz ici muayenesinde mobiliteyle birlikte siddetli diseti iltihabi gozlenmistir. Radiyografik muayene sonucunda dislerin apikal bolgelerinde horizontal kok kiriklari tespit edilmistir. Kirik apikal parcalari uzaklastirmak ve hasar gormus periodontal dokularin rejenerasyonu amaciyla bilincli replantasyon planlanmistir. Travma bolgesindeki disler dikkatlice cekilmis, alveoler soketteki kirik segmentler uzaklastirilmasindan sonra granulasyon dokulari temizlenmis ve disler doksisiklin cozeltisinde bekletilmistir. Takiben, dislerin apikal kisimlari mineral trioksit agregat (MTA) ile tikaclanmis, dis yuzeyi Emdogain jelle kaplanmis ve endodontik tedavileri tamamlandiktan sonra disler sokete yerlestirilmistir. Disler 2 hafta boyunca yari sabit sekilde splintlenmistir. Kirk sekiz aylik klinik-radyografik takipte periodontal dokularda belirgin iyilesme ve ankiloz gozlenirken, herhangi bir patoloji de gozlenmemistir. Bu vaka raporunda takip suresi 48 ay olsa da, umitsiz travma vakalarinda Emdogain ve MTA ile bilincli replantasyon, buyume surecindeki cocukta dental travmanin tedavisinde kabul edilen bir metod olabilir. Anahtar Kelimeler: Horizontal kok kiriklari, Bilincli replantasyon, Emdogain, MTA

The aim of this study was to make a comparison between the cyclic fatigue (CF) resistance of F360, twisted files (TF), FlexMaster (FM) and RaCE instruments with 4% taper. A total of 40 instruments were evaluated 8 mm from the tip. A stainless steel block with a simulated canal of 1.5 mm diameter, and a 60° angle of curvature was tested using CF testing. One-way ANOVA and posthoc Tukey's test (P0.05) were used. The F 360 files showed the highest CF resistance while the TF files had greater CF resistance than the FM and RaCE (P0.05). There was no significant difference between the FM and RaCE (P0.05). F360 instruments with a double S cross-section had the highest CF resistance among the group. The TF led the NiTi rotary files to be more resistant to fatigue than the FM and RaCE instruments.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the shear bond strength (SBS) of a self-adhering flowable composite (Vertise Flow; Kerr, Orange, CA) and a flowable composite (X-tra base; Voco GmbH, Cuxhaven, Germany) to mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA), Biodentine (Septodent, Saint-Maur-des-Fosses Cedex, France), and calcium-enriched mixture (CEM; Yektazist Dandan, Tehran, Iran).Sixty cylindric acrylic blocks with a hole (3 mm in diameter and 1.5 mm in height) were prepared. The acrylic blocks were filled with MTA, Biodentine, and CEM (n = 20) and accordingly allocated into 3 groups. The specimens were stored for 72 hours at 37°C and 100% humidity. Then, each group was divided into 2 subgroups according to the composite resin type used (n = 10). Vertise Flow and X-tra base were applied over MTA, Biodentine, and CEM and then polymerized. SBS was tested in a universal testing machine with a crosshead speed of 1 mm/min. Data were analyzed using 2-way analysis of variance and the Tukey test.The Vertise Flow-CEM and X-tra base-MTA groups showed significantly higher SBS values than the group made of Vertise flow-Biodentine (P .05). There were no statistically significant differences among the other groups (P .05).MTA and CEM exhibited higher SBS than Biodentine; therefore, they could be preferred under flowable composites.

To evaluate the effects of fluoride varnish vs a combination of chlorhexidine-thymol varnish plus a gel containing chlorhexidine and fluoride on oral hygiene and caries prevention in disabled children.Ninety patients aged 3-17 years who were treated under general anaesthesia were randomly assigned into three groups as follows: group 1: Fluor Protector (0.1% fluoride varnish); group 2: Cervitec Plus (1% chlorhexidine- 1% thymol varnish) + Cervitec Gel (0.2% chlorhexidine-0.2% sodium fluoride); group 3: control (toothbrushing only). Mutans streptococci (MS) and lactobacilli (LB) levels, visible plaque index (VPI) and gingival bleeding index (GBI) were evaluated at four stages: T0, before general anaesthesia; T1, one month after treatment; T2, six months after treatment; T3, twelve months after treatment. The data were evaluated using Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney U-tests (P0.05).Groups 1 and 2 showed significantly lower scores than group 3 for all parameters at T1 and T2. No statistically significant difference was detected among any of the the groups at T3 (P0.05).The use of materials that include both fluoride and chlorhexidine as routine treatment of children with disability may increase the success of restorations by improving oral hygiene, reduce the need for future restorative treatments and thus the need for general anaesthesia.

Çocukluk döneminde görülen malignensilerden birisi non-Hodgkin lemfoma olarak adlandırılabilir. Bunlar çocukluk ve ergenlik döneminde 3. en sık görülen malignensilerdir. Burkitt lemfoma zor teşhis edilen, nadir ve agresif bir non-Hodgkin lemfomadır. Klinik olarak, bu hastalık en çok çocuklarda görülür. İnsidansı 3-8 yaş arasında zirve yapar. Kemoterapi ve radyoterapi işlemlerinin bu malignant hastalıklarda sağ kalım oranını yükselttiği iyi bilinmektedir. Ancak, tedaviler Dentofasiyal anomaliler büyüme çağındaki hastalarda kemoterapi ve/veya radyoterapi kullanımı sonrası en çok görülen yan etki olarak bilinmektedir. Bu bozukluklar kök gelişiminin durması, mine oluşumunda bozukluk, renklenmeler, mikrodonti, anodonti, diş sürmesinde bozukluk ve mandibuler/maksiler hipoplazi gibi değişik şekillerde görülebilir. Aslında hastanın yaşı, tedavi zamanı, kemoterapinin ve radyasyonun dozu/süresi gibi birkaç faktör bu yan etkilerin sonuçlarını etkileyebilir. Bu tür çalışmalarda, 5-6 yaşından önce tedavi edilen çocuklarda dental bozukluklar gösterilmiştir. Bu makale 3-6 yaş arasında antineoplastik tedavi edilen 2 hastada dental gelişimdeki uzun dönem değişiklikler bildirilmektedir. Takip periyotlarında her iki hastada premolar dişlerinde mikrodonti ve kök gelişiminde durma tespit edilmiştir. Bu vaka raporları kemoterapi ve/veya radyoterapi işlemlerine maruz kalan hastaların gelişimsel diş bozuklukları yönünden artmış bir riske sahip olduklarını ve gelişim sırasında dentisyonun dikkatlice takip edilmesine işaret etmektedir

The UBVR photoelectric observations of the variable star EM Cep were made at the Abastumani Astrophysical Observatory, Georgia. On 15–16 November 1991 an unusual flare of this star was revealed. On 17–18 July 2003, flare activity of EM Cep was detected by Turkish astronomers. A suggestion as to the λ Eri-type variability of the star is made.

WOS: 000330859800001, PubMed: 24592149, The purpose of this study was first to evaluate the elution of 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA) and triethylene glycol dimethacrylate (TEGDMA) monomers from resin-modified glass ionomer cement (RMGIC) and compomers cured with halogen and light-emitting diode (LED) light-curing units (LCUs). The effect of cured materials on the viability of L929 fibroblast cells was also evaluated. One RMGIC (Ketac N100) and two compomers (Dyract Extra and Twinkystar) were tested. Materials were prepared in teflon disks and light-cured with LED or halogen LCUs. The residual monomers of resin materials in solution were identified using high-performance liquid chromatography. The fibroblast cells' viability was analyzed using MTT assay. The type of LCU did not have a significant effect on the elution of HEMA and TEGDMA. A greater amount of HEMA than TEGMDA was eluted. The amount of TEGDMA eluted from Twinkystar was greater than Dyract Extra (P < 0.05) when cured with a halogen LCU. All material-LCU combinations decreased the fibroblast cells' viability more than the control group (P < 0.01), except for Dyract Extra cured with a halogen LCU (P > 0.05). Curing with the LED LCU decreased the cells' viability more than curing with the halogen LCU for compomers. For Ketac N100, the halogen LCU decreased the cells' viability more than the LED LCU.

The UBV photometry of a detached F-type eclipsing binary V505 Persei is presented. The light curve solution by a simple spherical model combined with the radial velocity data from two high resolution spectra by Marschall et al. (1990) reveals that the system is formed with two identical component stars of M ≈ 1.2 Mθ in the main sequence close to ZAMS in evolution. They should have about solar metallicity (z ≈ 0.017). The isochrones with solar metallicity by Van denBerg (1985) yield an age of about (2.2± 0.5) × 109 yr for the system. The distance of the system should be about 60 pc.

The UBV observations of the massive binary BF Aur were made at the Ankara University Observatory during 1988, 1989 and 1996. Asymmetry of the light curves, arising from unequal height of successive maxima, indicates that the system is active. By analysing these observations in the framework of the Roche model (including the presence of bright regions on the components) one obtains a semidetached configuration of the system, with the cooler secondary component filling its Roche lobe. The analysis of the light curves yields consistent solutions for mass ratio q = m2/m1 somewhat less than one. The influence of the mass transfer on the change of the system-orbital-period is relatively small. The upward parabolic character of the O–C diagram (Zhang et al., 1993) indicates a mass transfer from the less massive secondary to the more massive primary. This inturn requires the less massive secondary to fill its Roche lobe. This is consistent with our solution. Based on these facts we introduced the following working hypothesis. At the place where the gas stream from the secondary falls on the primary, relatively small in size but a high temperature contrast active hot-spot (hs) region is formed. As a result of the heating effect caused by the irradiation of the hot-spot region, on the secondary's side facing the hot spot a bright-spot (bs) region is formed. The bright-spot region is larger in size but with significantly lower temperature than the hot spot. This region can be treated as a ‘reflection cap’. By analysing the light curves in the framework of this working hypothesis the basic parameters of the system and the active regions are estimated. The problem is solved in two stages: by obtaining a synthetic light curve in the case when the parameters of the corresponding Close Binary (CB) Roche model (Djurasevic, 1992a) are given a priori (the direct problem) and by determining the parameters of the given model for which the best fit between the synthetic light curve and the observations is achieved (the inverse problem) (Djurasevic, 1992b).

Photoelectric observations of the WR binary CQ Cephei (WN6+O9) are presented. The depths of the eclipses in the light curves are best represented by an inclination of the orbit i = (68.8 degrees+/-0.6) and the width of the very asymmetric eclipse curves can be represented by only an overcontact configuration (Omega(1) = Omega(2) = 3.65+/-0.05, and f = 27%). Simultaneous solution of the light and radial velocity curves strongly supports CQ Cep's membership of the Cep OB1 association. By considering this membership we obtained absolute dimensions of the system, which lead to a consistent physical model for CQ Cephei. The more luminous WR primary turns out to be the hotter but slightly less massive component: M-WR = 20.8 M., R-WR = 8.2R., T-eff(WR) = 43600 K, and M-O = 21.4 M., R-O = 8.3 R., T-eff(O) = 37000 K.

Abell 1060 (Hydra I cluster, z = 0.0114) is an X-ray bright cluster of galaxies and is as an archetype of relaxed systems. There are two elliptical galaxies in the center, NGC 3311 as a central cD galaxy and NGC 3309. Previous X-ray observations with ROSAT and ASCA have shown that A1060 has circularly symmetric surface brightness, show an isothermal distribution of the intra-cluster medium (ICM) of 3.3 keV, a constant abundance of 0.3 solar, with the X-ray luminosity LX = 2 X 10(43) erg/s. More recently, Chandra observation of the central region of the A1060 cluster of galaxies resolved X-ray emission from two giant elliptical galaxies, NGC 3311 and NGC 3309. It is reported that the emission from these galaxies consists of two components, namely, the hot interstellar medium (ISM) and the low-mass X-ray binaries (LMXBs). In this work, we focus on jet-like X-ray emission from NGC 3311. Spectral analysis shows that Northeast and Southwest regions have the metalicity values of 0.8 solar and 0.4 solar, respectively. Northeast region is enriched by chemical abundances due to supernova explosions at NCG 3311

This study investigates preliminary investigations that a pre-emptive analgesia administration may reduce post-extraction pain.This prospective, placebo-controlled, randomized, double-blind trial was planned to compare the efficacy of the pre-emptive administration of ibuprofen, paracetamol, and placebo in reducing post-extraction pain in children.Forty-five children, ages 6-12, who needed primary mandibular molar tooth extraction were treated in paediatric dental clinics, with treatment preceded by local anaesthesia and analgesic drugs during the preoperative period. A five-face scale was used to evaluate pain reaction during the injection, extraction, and post-operative period. Self-report scores were recorded when the local anaesthesia had been administered in soft tissues and both before and after the extraction was completed. The Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney U tests (with Bonferroni correction paired t-test as the post hoc test) were used at a confidence level of 95%.The use of pre-emptive analgesics showed lower scores compared to the placebo, irrespective of the age, weight, gender of the child, and the number of teeth extracted during the study period. Additionally, ibuprofen exhibited lower pain scores (P0.05) compared to paracetamol at the 15-min (P0.001) and 4-h (P0.009) periods.Preoperative use of ibuprofen and paracetamol may provide a pre-emptive analgesic effect in paediatric patients who receive adequate analgesia during mandibular primary tooth extraction.

The aim of this study was to evaluate effect of different techniques of enamel etching on shear bond strengths (SBS) of fissure sealants. Fifty extracted non-carious third molars were cleaned with fluoride-free pumice and root sections 2mm below cementoenamel junction were taken. Coronal sections were embedded in resin, and buccal/ lingual surfaces of crowns were flattened to create an enamel surface area that was 3mm in diameter. The specimens were randomly assigned to 1 of 5 groups with 10 teeth each. Group1 35% orthophosphoric acid–etching (20sec); Group2 a fissurotomy–bur (Fissurotomy Micro–NTF); Group3 Erbium, Chromium:yttrium-scandium-galliumgarnet (Er,Cr:YSGG) laser 2W laser etching (20sec–20Hz); Group4 Er,Cr:YSGG laser 2W laser etching (20sec–40Hz); and Group5 20sec air-abrasion with 30μm Al2 O3 particles Cojet–Prep. Cylindrical-transparent-gelatin tubes (diameter:3mm–height:2mm) were placed on substrate surfaces. Further, sealants were applied and cylinders of fissure sealants were submitted to an SBS test in a universal testing machine with a crosshead speed of 0.5 mm per second. The data were analyzed by means of one-way analysis of variance and Tukey’s post-hoc tests (p Group4 (5.99±1.36)> Group3 (5.27±1.56)>Group5 (2.02±0.86)>Group2 (1.65±0.69). Group1 exhibited significantly higher SBS values compared to other groups. Group4 resulted in higher SBS values compared to Group3, although no significant differences were found. No significant differences were observed between Groups2 and 5. It can be concluded that, compared with conventional enamel acid–etching, laser 2W–20Hz/40Hz may have an advantage in improving SBS values of fissure sealants compared to Cojet–Prep and fissurotomy–bur techniques.

This case report describes the management of a supragingivally complicated crown fracture of a maxillary central incisor. A 19-year-old male patient was referred to the Department of Endodontics for the management of his traumatized maxillary incisors. He had no medical disorders and there was no evidence of a periapical pathology in the initial radiograph. The maxillary left central and right lateral incisors had an enamel fracture but were asymptomatic to palpation and percussion tests so it was decided to be treated with a direct composite restoration. Whereas, the right central one was symptomatic and had a supragingivally complicated crown fracture. Therefore, it was medicated with calcium hydroxide dressing for one week. After the root canal treatment was completed, the tooth was restored using a light-transmitting fiber-reinforced post system with the original fragment. There was an excellent satisfaction with using original fractured fragment even after 12 months.

Aim: To compare the removal efficiency of calcium hydroxide (CH) medicament from the root canal walls with different irrigation/agitation methods. Materials and Methods: Forty human mandibular premolars were selected. Root canals of these teeth were prepared up to F4 file using ProTaper rotary system and then filled with CH. All root specimens were stored at 37΀C and 100% relative humidity for 7 days. Teeth were randomly divided into four different groups (n = 10). For the removal of the medicaments from the canal walls, roots were subjected to the final irrigation/agitation methods used as follows: Conventional syringe irrigation with side-vented needle (Group 1), passive ultrasonic irrigation (PUI; Group 2), manual dynamic agitation (Group 3), and apical negative pressure irrigation (Group 4). The negative control did not receive CH placement. The positive control received the intracanal medication, but no subsequent removal. Roots were split longitudinally into two halves. Digital images of the root canal walls were acquired by a digital camera and assessed for residual amount of medicament. Cervical, middle, and apical third of each canal was assessed by using a scoring system. Data were analyzed using one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Tukey's multiple comparison tests, at 95% confidence interval (P 0.05). However, there were statistically significant differences between the experimental groups and the positive control (P < 0.05). None of the experimental groups totally removed CH medicaments from root canal walls. Conclusions: In the limitations of this in vitro study, all experimental groups produced similar removal efficiency in terms of canal cleanliness.

Background and aim: Pain in children may occur resultant of various diseases, trauma and medical attempts. Nowadays dental applications as one of medical attempts are considered to be painful. This pain induces anxiety and affects behaviours during treatment. Especially, majority of children are extremely anxious and feel as if they will experience pain. As a result cooperation problems are the main factor for the failure of procedures in treatment sessions. There are many methods for evaluating pain-anxiety and they can be classified as behavioral, physiologic, projective and psychometric techniques. It is aimed in this study to evaluate the correlation between the level of anxiety before treatment and pain experienced during the procedures. Method: Frankl Scale, The Children's Dental Fear Picture Test, Spielberg State-Trait Anxiety Inventory before anaesthesia and dental applications and The Wong-Baker Pain Scale, Visual Analog Scale after the procedures were implemented to randomly selected 100 child patients between 6-12 years old referred to the Pediatric Dental Clinic of Karadeniz Technical University Faculty of Dentistry. Result: Correlation was found between scales applied before and after the procedures. The patients who exhibited higher anxiety scores to pre-procedural scales also resulted in significantly higher pain scores to post-procedural scales (p< 0.05). Conclusion: It can be concluded that, children who feel highly anxious before dental treatment and have experienced more pain to this anxiety level could be related with their previous dental experience and personality characteristics. Keeping the patient with minimal anxiety will facilitate the dental procedures for both the patient and the clinical.

A physically consistent model is presented for the early-type eclipsing binary system BF Aur, based on a simultaneous solution of its light and radial velocity curves. The less massive fainter (but hotter) secondary is smaller but almost Roche lobe filling component. The system is thus not reverse-algol. The absolute parameters of the system are found to be: M-h = 3.3 M., M-c = 4.1 M., T-h = 15600 K, T-c = 15400 K, R-h = 3.9 R., R-c = 4.1 R.. More accurate radial velocity data are needed before uniqueness can be claimed for the model.