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Split plot design experiments were conducted to assess the performance of growth regulating compounds for mitigating moisture stress and the incidence of Brown Plant Hopper (BPH) in rice. The main plot treatments (4) comprised moisture stress free control (M1), moisture stress during panicle initiation stage alone (M2), moisture stress during flowering stage alone (M3), and moisture stress during both panicle initiation and flowering stages (M4). The sub-plot treatments (5) were foliar application of growth regulating compounds including chlormequat chloride at 200 ppm (S1), mepiquat chloride at 200 ppm (S2), brassinolide at 0.1 ppm (S3), pink pigmented facultative methylotrophs (PPFM) at 1% (S4), and no spray control (S5). The reduced plant growth attributes were registered under moisture stress at both panicle initiation and flowering stages. The spraying of 1% PPFM during the flowering or both at panicle initiation and flowering stages led to better performance than the other treatments. Also, spraying 1% PPFM brought down the population of BPH to a considerable level during both years of experiments. This suggests that spraying 1% PPFM in the post-flowering stage helps to mitigate the ill effect the moisture stress and BPH incidence.

Split plot design experiments were conducted to assess the performance of growth regulating compounds for mitigating moisture stress and the incidence of Brown Plant Hopper (BPH) in rice. The main plot treatments (4) comprised moisture stress free control (M1), moisture stress during panicle initiation stage alone (M2), moisture stress during flowering stage alone (M3), and moisture stress during both panicle initiation and flowering stages (M4). The sub-plot treatments (5) were foliar application of growth regulating compounds including chlormequat chloride at 200 ppm (S1), mepiquat chloride at 200 ppm (S2), brassinolide at 0.1 ppm (S3), pink pigmented facultative methylotrophs (PPFM) at 1% (S4), and no spray control (S5). The reduced plant growth attributes were registered under moisture stress at both panicle initiation and flowering stages. The spraying of 1% PPFM during the flowering or both at panicle initiation and flowering stages led to better performance than the other treatments. Also, spraying 1% PPFM brought down the population of BPH to a considerable level during both years of experiments. This suggests that spraying 1% PPFM in the post-flowering stage helps to mitigate the ill effect the moisture stress and BPH incidence. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Market Basket Analysis (MBA), it is the process of modeling technique, if the customer buys the certain group of item, at the next period of purchase they may like to buy the same items. MBA, it has determination and prediction of customer's behavior based on the pattern of previous customer. MBA is applied not only in retail shop. In the existing, Market basket prediction, i.e., according to the customer's purchase, it will provide the shopping list for the next purchase. The same approaches are not used for all the time it may differ based on their decision. The following four approaches are used to identify the individual customer's behavior. They are co-occurrence, sequentiality, periodicity and recurrence. This project defines a Temporal Annotated Recurring Sequence (TARS) to identify the individual purchasing behavior and TARS based predictor to solve the basket prediction problem (i.e., suggestion for next purchase). MBA based on multidimensional model is used to conduct a study of Market basket analysis, to make a choice of purchasing and sale of stocks in an equity market. In this thesis using MBA for improving methods of arranging products on shelves are identified. The proposed project is mainly focuses on association rule for recommendation system and cosine model for transaction similarity. The best sales of the market are only predicted by using profit and loss. MBA it also provides profit and loss the market. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Man's foremost concern should be understanding the environment and responding to it. Bypreserving the environment he/she must ensure that the progeny also enjoys the bounty of nature. The desire to safe guard the environment will be possible only when there is love for the nature. When greediness surpasses 'topophilia' man commits heinous crime of ecocide. Deforestation, replacing the indigenous flora and fauna, results in climate change. In this paper an attempt has been made to highlight the issues related to environment with special reference to the hills of Nilgris which is the setting of the novel. Rajam Krishnan in her novel When the Kurinji Blooms depicts how the Badaga community was clearing the forests and were turning it into tea and coffee plantation. They were cutting down the trees and were slowly losing their affinity to nature. This becomes causative to other issues faced by the community which originally lived in unison with nature. Rajam Krishnan insists the need to protect the environment through the characters of Lingayya, Jogi, and Paru who are the crusaders of nature as opposed to the exploiters of nature Rangan, Nanjan son of Jogi, and many others from the community who lose their love for land out of greed for money. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The present study aims to identify the financial strengths and weaknesses of the Tamil Nadu Newsprint and Papers Limited (TNPL) by properly establishing relationships between the items of the balance sheet and profit and loss account. The study has been undertaken for the period of ten years from 2004-05 to 2013-14 and the necessary data have been obtained from CMIE database. The liquidity position was strong in case of TNPL thereby reflecting the ability of the company to pay short-term obligations on due dates and they relied more on external funds in terms of long-term borrowings thereby providing a lower degree of protection to the creditors. Financial stability of TNPL has showed a downward trend and consequently the financial stability of TNPL has been decreasing at an intense rate. The study exclusively depends on the public sector published financial data and it does not compare with private sector paper mills. This is a major limitation of the research. The study is of crucial importance to measure the firm's liquidity, solvency, profitability, stability and other indicators that the business is conducted in a rational and normal way; ensuring enough returns to the shareholders to maintain at least its market value. The study will help investors to identify the nature of paper industry and will also help to take decision regarding investment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]