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1. Packed Ultra-wideband Mapping Array (PUMA): Astro2020 RFI Response

Author

Castorina, Emanuele, Foreman, Simon, Karagiannis, Dionysios, Liu, Adrian, Masui, Kiyoshi W., Meerburg, Pieter D., Newburgh, Laura B., O'Connor, Paul, Obuljen, Andrej, Padmanabhan, Hamsa, Shaw, J. Richard, Slosar, Anže, Stankus, Paul, Timbie, Peter T., Wallisch, Benjamin, and White, Martin

Subjects
Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena
Abstract

The Packed Ultra-wideband Mapping Array (PUMA) is a proposed low-resolution transit interferometric radio telescope operating over the frequency range 200 - 1100MHz. Its rich science portfolio will include measuring structure in the universe from redshift z = 0.3 to 6 using 21cm intensity mapping, detecting one million fast radio bursts, and monitoring thousands of pulsars. It will allow PUMA to advance science in three different areas of physics (the physics of dark energy, the physics of cosmic inflation and time-domain astrophysics). This document is a response to a request for information (RFI) by the Panel on Radio, Millimeter, and Submillimeter Observations from the Ground (RMS) of the Decadal Survey on Astronomy and Astrophysics 2020. We present the science case of PUMA, the development path and major risks to the project., Comment: 46 pages, 16 figures, 7 tables; response to the request for information (RFI) by the Panel on Radio, Millimeter, and Submillimeter Observations from the Ground (RMS) of the Astro2020 Decadal Survey regarding PUMA APC submission (arXiv:1907.12559); v2: updated with correct bbl file

Published
2020

2. CMB-S4 Science Book, First Edition

Author

Abazajian, Kevork N., Adshead, Peter, Ahmed, Zeeshan, Allen, Steven W., Alonso, David, Arnold, Kam S., Baccigalupi, Carlo, Bartlett, James G., Battaglia, Nicholas, Benson, Bradford A., Bischoff, Colin A., Borrill, Julian, Buza, Victor, Calabrese, Erminia, Caldwell, Robert, Carlstrom, John E., Chang, Clarence L., Crawford, Thomas M., Cyr-Racine, Francis-Yan, De Bernardis, Francesco, de Haan, Tijmen, Alighieri, Sperello di Serego, Dunkley, Joanna, Dvorkin, Cora, Errard, Josquin, Fabbian, Giulio, Feeney, Stephen, Ferraro, Simone, Filippini, Jeffrey P., Flauger, Raphael, Fuller, George M., Gluscevic, Vera, Green, Daniel, Grin, Daniel, Grohs, Evan, Henning, Jason W., Hill, J. Colin, Hlozek, Renee, Holder, Gilbert, Holzapfel, William, Hu, Wayne, Huffenberger, Kevin M., Keskitalo, Reijo, Knox, Lloyd, Kosowsky, Arthur, Kovac, John, Kovetz, Ely D., Kuo, Chao-Lin, Kusaka, Akito, Jeune, Maude Le, Lee, Adrian T., Lilley, Marc, Loverde, Marilena, Madhavacheril, Mathew S., Mantz, Adam, Marsh, David J. E., McMahon, Jeffrey, Meerburg, Pieter Daniel, Meyers, Joel, Miller, Amber D., Munoz, Julian B., Nguyen, Ho Nam, Niemack, Michael D., Peloso, Marco, Peloton, Julien, Pogosian, Levon, Pryke, Clement, Raveri, Marco, Reichardt, Christian L., Rocha, Graca, Rotti, Aditya, Schaan, Emmanuel, Schmittfull, Marcel M., Scott, Douglas, Sehgal, Neelima, Shandera, Sarah, Sherwin, Blake D., Smith, Tristan L., Sorbo, Lorenzo, Starkman, Glenn D., Story, Kyle T., van Engelen, Alexander, Vieira, Joaquin D., Watson, Scott, Whitehorn, Nathan, and Wu, W. L. Kimmy

Subjects
Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics, General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology, High Energy Physics - Phenomenology, High Energy Physics - Theory
Abstract

This book lays out the scientific goals to be addressed by the next-generation ground-based cosmic microwave background experiment, CMB-S4, envisioned to consist of dedicated telescopes at the South Pole, the high Chilean Atacama plateau and possibly a northern hemisphere site, all equipped with new superconducting cameras. CMB-S4 will dramatically advance cosmological studies by crossing critical thresholds in the search for the B-mode polarization signature of primordial gravitational waves, in the determination of the number and masses of the neutrinos, in the search for evidence of new light relics, in constraining the nature of dark energy, and in testing general relativity on large scales.

Published
2016

3. CMB-S4 Science Book, First Edition

Author

Abazajian, Kevork N, Adshead, Peter, Ahmed, Zeeshan, Allen, Steven W, Alonso, David, Arnold, Kam S, Baccigalupi, Carlo, Bartlett, James G, Battaglia, Nicholas, Benson, Bradford A, Bischoff, Colin A, Borrill, Julian, Buza, Victor, Calabrese, Erminia, Caldwell, Robert, Carlstrom, John E, Chang, Clarence L, Crawford, Thomas M, Cyr-Racine, Francis-Yan, Bernardis, Francesco De, Haan, Tijmen de, Alighieri, Sperello di Serego, Dunkley, Joanna, Dvorkin, Cora, Errard, Josquin, Fabbian, Giulio, Feeney, Stephen, Ferraro, Simone, Filippini, Jeffrey P, Flauger, Raphael, Fuller, George M, Gluscevic, Vera, Green, Daniel, Grin, Daniel, Grohs, Evan, Henning, Jason W, Hill, J Colin, Hlozek, Renee, Holder, Gilbert, Holzapfel, William, Hu, Wayne, Huffenberger, Kevin M, Keskitalo, Reijo, Knox, Lloyd, Kosowsky, Arthur, Kovac, John, Kovetz, Ely D, Kuo, Chao-Lin, Kusaka, Akito, Jeune, Maude Le, Lee, Adrian T, Lilley, Marc, Loverde, Marilena, Madhavacheril, Mathew S, Mantz, Adam, Marsh, David JE, McMahon, Jeffrey, Meerburg, Pieter Daniel, Meyers, Joel, Miller, Amber D, Munoz, Julian B, Nguyen, Ho Nam, Niemack, Michael D, Peloso, Marco, Peloton, Julien, Pogosian, Levon, Pryke, Clement, Raveri, Marco, Reichardt, Christian L, Rocha, Graca, Rotti, Aditya, Schaan, Emmanuel, Schmittfull, Marcel M, Scott, Douglas, Sehgal, Neelima, Shandera, Sarah, Sherwin, Blake D, Smith, Tristan L, Sorbo, Lorenzo, Starkman, Glenn D, Story, Kyle T, Engelen, Alexander van, Vieira, Joaquin D, Watson, Scott, Whitehorn, Nathan, and Wu, WL Kimmy

Subjects
astro-ph.CO, gr-qc, hep-ph, hep-th
Abstract

This book lays out the scientific goals to be addressed by thenext-generation ground-based cosmic microwave background experiment, CMB-S4,envisioned to consist of dedicated telescopes at the South Pole, the highChilean Atacama plateau and possibly a northern hemisphere site, all equippedwith new superconducting cameras. CMB-S4 will dramatically advance cosmologicalstudies by crossing critical thresholds in the search for the B-modepolarization signature of primordial gravitational waves, in the determinationof the number and masses of the neutrinos, in the search for evidence of newlight relics, in constraining the nature of dark energy, and in testing generalrelativity on large scales.

Published
2016

4. Probing patchy reionization through tau-21cm correlation statistics

Author

Meerburg, Pieter Daniel, Dvorkin, Cora, and Spergel, David N.

Subjects
Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
Abstract

We consider the cross-correlation between free electrons and neutral hydrogen during the epoch of reionization. The free electrons are traced by the optical depth to reionization tau, while the neutral hydrogen can be observed through 21 cm photon emission. As expected, this correlation is sensitive to the detailed physics of reionization. Foremost, if reionization occurs through the merger of relatively large halos hosting an ionizing source, the free electrons and neutral hydrogen are anti-correlated for most of the reionization history. A positive contribution to the correlation can occur when the halos that can form an ionizing source are small. A measurement of this sign change in the cross-correlation would directly measure the bubble bias and as, such, the halo mass. We estimate the signal-to-noise of the cross-correlation using the estimator for inhomogeneous reionization tau_{lm} proposed by Dvorkin and Smith (2009). We find that with upcoming radio interferometers and CMB experiments, the cross-correlation is measurable going up to multipoles l ~ 1000. We also derive parameter constraints and conclude that, despite the foregrounds, the cross-correlation proofs a complementary measurement of the EoR parameters to the 21 cm and CMB polarization auto-correlations expected to be observed in the coming decade., Comment: 16 pages and 17 figures. Version accepted for publication in ApJ. Minor changes including an improved reionization model

Published
2013
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5. Observing the Evolution of the Universe

Author

Aguirre, James, Amblard, Alexandre, Ashoorioon, Amjad, Baccigalupi, Carlo, Balbi, Amedeo, Bartlett, James, Bartolo, Nicola, Benford, Dominic, Birkinshaw, Mark, Bock, Jamie, Bond, Dick, Borrill, Julian, Bouchet, Franois, Bridges, Michael, Bunn, Emory, Calabrese, Erminia, Cantalupo, Christopher, Caramete, Ana, Carbone, Carmelita, Chatterjee, Suchetana, Church, Sarah, Chuss, David, Contaldi, Carlo, Cooray, Asantha, Das, Sudeep, De Bernardis, Francesco, De Bernardis, Paolo, De Zotti, Gianfranco, Delabrouille, Jacques, Dsert, F. -Xavier, Devlin, Mark, Dickinson, Clive, Dicker, Simon, Dobbs, Matt, Dodelson, Scott, Dore, Olivier, Dotson, Jessie, Dunkley, Joanna, Falvella, Maria Cristina, Fixsen, Dale, Fosalba, Pablo, Fowler, Joseph, Gates, Evalyn, Gear, Walter, Golwala, Sunil, Gorski, Krzysztof, Gruppuso, Alessandro, Gundersen, Josh, Halpern, Mark, Hanany, Shaul, Hazumi, Masashi, Hernandez-Monteagudo, Carlos, Hertzberg, Mark, Hinshaw, Gary, Hirata, Christopher, Hivon, Eric, Holmes, Warren, Holzapfel, William, Hu, Wayne, Hubmayr, Johannes, Huffenberger, Kevin, Irwin, Kent, Jackson, Mark, Jaffe, Andrew, Johnson, Bradley, Jones, William, Kaplinghat, Manoj, Keating, Brian, Keskitalo, Reijo, Khoury, Justin, Kinney, Will, Kisner, Theodore, Knox, Lloyd, Kogut, Alan, Komatsu, Eiichiro, Kosowsky, Arthur, Kovac, John, Krauss, Lawrence, Kurki-Suonio, Hannu, Landau, Susana, Lawrence, Charles, Leach, Samuel, Lee, Adrian, Leitch, Erik, Leonardi, Rodrigo, Lesgourgues, Julien, Liddle, Andrew, Lim, Eugene, Limon, Michele, Loverde, Marilena, Lubin, Philip, Magalhaes, Antonio, Maino, Davide, Marriage, Tobias, Martin, Victoria, Matarrese, Sabino, Mather, John, Mathur, Harsh, Matsumura, Tomotake, Meerburg, Pieter, Melchiorri, Alessandro, Meyer, Stephan, Miller, Amber, Milligan, Michael, Moodley, Kavilan, Neimack, Michael, Nguyen, Hogan, O'Dwyer, Ian, Orlando, Angiola, Pagano, Luca, Page, Lyman, Partridge, Bruce, Pearson, Timothy, Peiris, Hiranya, Piacentini, Francesco, Piccirillo, Lucio, Pierpaoli, Elena, Pietrobon, Davide, Pisano, Giampaolo, Pogosian, Levon, Pogosyan, Dmitri, Ponthieu, Nicolas, Popa, Lucia, Pryke, Clement, Raeth, Christoph, Ray, Subharthi, Reichardt, Christian, Ricciardi, Sara, Richards, Paul, Rocha, Graca, Rudnick, Lawrence, Ruhl, John, Rusholme, Benjamin, Scoccola, Claudia, Scott, Douglas, Sealfon, Carolyn, Sehgal, Neelima, Seiffert, Michael, Senatore, Leonardo, Serra, Paolo, Shandera, Sarah, Shimon, Meir, Shirron, Peter, Sievers, Jonathan, Sigurdson, Kris, Silk, Joe, Silverberg, Robert, Silverstein, Eva, Staggs, Suzanne, Stebbins, Albert, Stivoli, Federico, Stompor, Radek, Sugiyama, Naoshi, Swetz, Daniel, Tartari, Andria, Tegmark, Max, Timbie, Peter, Tristram, Matthieu, Tucker, Gregory, Urrestilla, Jon, Vaillancourt, John, Veneziani, Marcella, Verde, Licia, Vieira, Joaquin, Watson, Scott, Wandelt, Benjamin, Wilson, Grant, Wollack, Edward, Wyman, Mark, Yadav, Amit, Yannick, Giraud-Heraud, Zahn, Olivier, Zaldarriaga, Matias, Zemcov, Michael, and Zwart, Jonathan

Subjects
Astrophysics - Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics
Abstract

How did the universe evolve? The fine angular scale (l>1000) temperature and polarization anisotropies in the CMB are a Rosetta stone for understanding the evolution of the universe. Through detailed measurements one may address everything from the physics of the birth of the universe to the history of star formation and the process by which galaxies formed. One may in addition track the evolution of the dark energy and discover the net neutrino mass. We are at the dawn of a new era in which hundreds of square degrees of sky can be mapped with arcminute resolution and sensitivities measured in microKelvin. Acquiring these data requires the use of special purpose telescopes such as the Atacama Cosmology Telescope (ACT), located in Chile, and the South Pole Telescope (SPT). These new telescopes are outfitted with a new generation of custom mm-wave kilo-pixel arrays. Additional instruments are in the planning stages., Comment: Science White Paper submitted to the US Astro2010 Decadal Survey. Full list of 177 author available at http://cmbpol.uchicago.edu

Published
2009

6. Signatures of Initial State Modifications on Bispectrum Statistics

Author

Meerburg, Pieter Daniel, van der Schaar, Jan Pieter, and Corasaniti, Pier Stefano

Subjects
High Energy Physics - Theory, Astrophysics - Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics
Abstract

Modifications of the initial-state of the inflaton field can induce a departure from Gaussianity and leave a testable imprint on the higher order correlations of the CMB and large scale structures in the Universe. We focus on the bispectrum statistics of the primordial curvature perturbation and its projection on the CMB. For a canonical single-field action the three-point correlator enhancement is localized, maximizing in the collinear limit, corresponding to enfolded or squashed triangles in comoving momentum space. We show that the available local and equilateral template are very insensitive to this localized enhancement and do not generate noteworthy constraints on initial-state modifications. On the other hand, when considering the addition of a dimension 8 higher order derivative term, we find a dominant rapidly oscillating contribution, which had previously been overlooked and whose significantly enhanced amplitude is independent of the triangle under consideration. Nevertheless, the oscillatory nature of (the sign of) the correlation function implies the signal is nearly orthogonal to currently available observational templates, strongly reducing the sensitivity to the enhancement. Constraints on departures from the standard Bunch-Davies vacuum state can be derived, but also depend on the next-to-leading terms. We emphasize that the construction and application of especially adapted templates could lead to CMB bispectrum constraints on modified initial states already competing with those derived from the power spectrum., Comment: 41 pages, 7 figures, 2 appendices. Added some clarifications and comments, additional references, to appear in JCAP

Published
2009
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7. Packed Ultra-wideband Mapping Array (PUMA): A Radio Telescope for Cosmology and Transients

Author

Slosar, Anže, Ahmed, Zeeshan, Alonso, David, Amin, Mustafa A., Ansari, Réza, Arena, Evan J., Bandura, Kevin, Battaglia, Nicholas, Blazek, Jonathan, Bull, Philip, Castorina, Emanuele, Chang, Tzu-Ching, Connor, Liam, Davé, Romeel, Dvorkin, Cora, Engelen, Alexander, Ferraro, Simone, Flauger, Raphael, Foreman, Simon, Frisch, Josef, Green, Daniel, Holder, Gilbert, Jacobs, Daniel, Johnson, Matthew C., Dillon, Joshua S., Karagiannis, Dionysios, Kaurov, Alexander A., Knox, Lloyd, Liu, Adrian, Loverde, Marilena, Ma, Yin-Zhe, Masui, Kiyoshi W., Mcclintock, Thomas, Meerburg, Pieter D., Moodley, Kavilan, Münchmeyer, Moritz, Newburgh, Laura B., Ng, Cherry, Nomerotski, Andrei, O Connor, Paul, Obuljen, Andrej, Padmanabhan, Hamsa, Parkinson, David, Xavier Prochaska, J., Rajendran, Surjeet, Rapetti, David, Saliwanchik, Benjamin, Schaan, Emmanuel, Sehgal, Neelima, Richard Shaw, J., Sheehy, Chris, Sheldon, Erin, Shirley, Raphael, Silverstein, Eva, Slatyer, Tracy, Stankus, Paul, Stebbins, Albert, Timbie, Peter T., Tucker, Gregory S., Tyndall, William, Francisco Antonio Villaescusa-Navarro, Wallisch, Benjamin, White, Martin, Laboratoire de l'Accélérateur Linéaire (LAL), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11), PUMA, Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and HEP, INSPIRE

Subjects
Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO), [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-INS-DET] Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Instrumentation and Detectors [physics.ins-det], Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA), FOS: Physical sciences, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-INS-DET]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Instrumentation and Detectors [physics.ins-det], [PHYS.ASTR] Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, [PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM), Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies, Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
Abstract

PUMA is a proposal for an ultra-wideband, low-resolution and transit interferometric radio telescope operating at $200-1100\,\mathrm{MHz}$. Its design is driven by six science goals which span three science themes: the physics of dark energy (measuring the expansion history and growth of the universe up to $z=6$), the physics of inflation (constraining primordial non-Gaussianity and primordial features) and the transient radio sky (detecting one million fast radio bursts and following up SKA-discovered pulsars). We propose two array configurations composed of hexagonally close-packed 6m dish arrangements with 50% fill factor. The initial 5,000 element 'petite array' is scientifically compelling, and can act as a demonstrator and a stepping stone to the full 32,000 element 'full array'. Viewed as a 21cm intensity mapping telescope, the program has the noise equivalent of a traditional spectroscopic galaxy survey comprised of 0.6 and 2.5 billion galaxies at a comoving wavenumber of $k=0.5\,h\mathrm{Mpc}^{-1}$ spanning the redshift range $z = 0.3 - 6$ for the petite and full configurations, respectively. At redshifts beyond $z=2$, the 21cm technique is a uniquely powerful way of mapping the universe, while the low-redshift range will allow for numerous cross-correlations with existing and upcoming surveys. This program is enabled by the development of ultra-wideband radio feeds, cost-effective dish construction methods, commodity radio-frequency electronics driven by the telecommunication industry and the emergence of sufficient computing power to facilitate real-time signal processing that exploits the full potential of massive radio arrays. The project has an estimated construction cost of 55 and 330 million FY19 USD for the petite and full array configurations. Including R&D, design, operations and science analysis, the cost rises to 125 and 600 million FY19 USD, respectively., 10 pages + references, 3 figures, 3 tables; project white paper submitted to the Astro2020 decadal survey; further details in updated arXiv:1810.09572

Published
2019

8. The Origin of the Universe as Revealed Through the Polarization of the Cosmic Microwave Background

Author

Dodelson, Scott, Easther, Richard, Hanany, Shaul, Mcallister, Liam, Meyer, Stephan, Page, Lyman, Ade, Peter, Amblard, Alexandre, Ashoorioon, Amjad, Baccigalupi, Carlo, Balbi, Amedeo, Bartlett, James, Bartolo, Nicola, Baumann, Daniel, Beltran, Maria, Benford, Dominic, Birkinshaw, Mark, Bock, Jamie, Bond, Dick, Borrill, Julian, Bouchet, Francois, Bridges, Michael, Bunn, Emory, Calabrese, Erminia, Cantalupo, Christopher, Caramete, Ana, Carbone, Carmelita, Carroll, Sean, Chatterjee, Suchetana, Chen, Xingang, Church, Sarah, Chuss, David, Contaldi, Carlo R., Cooray, Asantha R., Creminelli, Paolo, Das, Sudeep, Bernardis, Francesco, Bernardis, Paolo, Delabrouille, Jacques, Desert, F. Xavier, Devlin, Mark J., Dickinson, Clive, Dicker, Simon, Dipirro, Michael, Dobbs, Matt A., Dore, Olivier, Dotson, Jessie, Dunkley, Joanna, Dvorkin, Cora, Eriksen, H. K., Falvella, Maria Cristina, Finley, Dave, Finkbeiner, Douglas P., Fixsen, Dale, Flauger, Raphael, Fosalba, Pablo, Fowler, Joseph W., Galli, Silvia, Gates, Evalyn I., Gear, Walter, Giraud-Heraud, Yannick, Gorski, Krzysztof, Greene, Brian, Gruppuso, Alessandro, Gundersen, Joshua, Halpern, Mark, Hamilton, Jean-Christophe, Hazumi, Masashi, Hernandez-Monteagudo, Carlos, Hertzberg, Mark, Hinshaw, Gary, Hirata, Christopher, Hivon, Eric, Holman, Richard, Holmes, Warren, Hu, Wayne, Hubmayr, Johannes, Huffenberger, Kevin, Hui, Howard, Hui, Lam, Irwin, Kent, Jackson, Mark, Jaffe, Andrew H., Johnson, Bradley, Johnson, Dean, Jones, William, Kachru, Shamit, Kadota, Kenji, Kaplan, Jean, Kaplinghat, Manoj, Keating, Brian G., Keskitalo, Reijo, Khoury, Justin, Kinney, William H., Kisner, Theodore, Knox, Lloyd, Kodama, Hideo, Kogut, Alan, Komatsu, Eiichiro, Kosowsky, Arthur, Kovac, John, Krauss, Lawrence M., Kurki-Suonio, Hannu, Lamarre, Jean-Michel, Landau, Susana Judith, Lawrence, Charles, Leach, Samuel M., Leblond, Louis, Lee, Adrian, Leitch, Erik, Leonardi, Rodrigo, Lesgourgues, Julien, Liddle, Andrew R., Lim, Eugene A., Limon, Michele, Loverde, Marilena, Lubin, Philip, Lunghi, Enrico, Lykken, Joseph D., Mactavish, Carolyn, Magalhaes, Antonio, Maino, Davide, Martin, Victoria, Sabino Matarrese, Mather, John C., Mathur, Harsh, Matsumura, Tomotake, Meerburg, Pieter, Melchiorri, Alessandro, Mersini-Houghton, Laura, Miller, Amber, Milligan, Michael, Moodley, Kavilan, Neimack, Michael, Nguyen, Hogan, Nicolis, Alberto, O Dwyer, Ian, Olinto, Angela, Pagano, Luca, Pajer, Enrico, Partridge, Bruce, Pearson, Timothy, Peiris, Hiranya V., Peloso, Marco, Piacentini, Francesco, Piat, Michel, Piccirillo, Lucio, Pierpaoli, Elena, Pietrobon, Davide, Pisano, Giampaolo, Pogosian, Levon, Pogosyan, Dmitri, Ponthieu, Nicolas, Popa, Lucia, Pryke, Clement, Raeth, Christoph, Ray, Subharthi, Reichardt, Christian, Ricciardi, Sara, Richards, Paul, Riotto, Antonio, Rocha, Graca, Ruhl, John, Rusholme, Benjamin, Scherrer, Robert, Scoccola, Claudia, Scott, Douglas, Sealfon, Carolyn, Sefusatti, Emiliano, Sehgal, Neelima, Seiffert, Michael, Senatore, Leonardo, Serra, Paolo, Shandera, Sarah E., Shimon, Meir, Shirron, Peter, Sievers, Jonathan, Silk, Joseph I., Sigurdson, Kris, Silverberg, Robert F., Silverstein, Eva, Staggs, Suzanne, Starkman, Glenn D., Stebbins, Albert, Stivoli, Federico, Stompor, Radek, Sugiyama, Naoshi, Swetz, Daniel, Tartari, Andrea, Tegmark, Max, Timbie, Peter, Titov, Maxim P., Tristram, Matthieu, Trodden, Mark, Tucker, Gregory, Urrestilla, Jon, Veneziani, Marcella, Verde, Licia, Vieira, Joaquin, Walker, Terry, Wands, David, Watson, Scott, Weinberg, Steven, Weiss, Rainer, Wandelt, Benjamin, Winstein, Bruce D., Wollack, Edward, Wyman, Mark, Yadav, Amit, Yoon, Ki Won, Zahn, Olivier, Zaldarriaga, Matias, Zemcov, Michael, Zwart, Jonathan, APC - Cosmologie, AstroParticule et Cosmologie (APC (UMR_7164)), Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3), APC - Gravitation (APC-Gravitation), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Max-Planck-Institut für Gravitationsphysik ( Albert-Einstein-Institut ) (AEI), Max-Planck-Gesellschaft-Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, APC - Astrophysique des Hautes Energies (APC - AHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Dipartimento di Astronomia, Universita degli Studi di Bologna, Alma Mater Studiorum Università di Bologna [Bologna] (UNIBO)-Alma Mater Studiorum Università di Bologna [Bologna] (UNIBO), Bartlett, James, Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Max-Planck-Institut für Gravitationsphysik ( Albert-Einstein-Institut ) (AEI), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Alma Mater Studiorum Università di Bologna [Bologna] (UNIBO), Physique Corpusculaire et Cosmologie - Collège de France (PCC), Collège de France (CdF)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Collège de France (CdF)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-AstroParticule et Cosmologie (APC (UMR_7164)), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7), PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Max-Planck-Institut für Gravitationsphysik ( Albert-Einstein-Institut ) (AEI), PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Dipartimento di Astronomia, Universita degli Studi di Bologna, and Università di Bologna [Bologna] (UNIBO)-Università di Bologna [Bologna] (UNIBO)

Subjects
[SDU.ASTR.CO] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Cosmology and Extra-Galactic Astrophysics [astro-ph.CO], [PHYS.ASTR.CO]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Cosmology and Extra-Galactic Astrophysics [astro-ph.CO], [PHYS.ASTR.CO] Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Cosmology and Extra-Galactic Astrophysics [astro-ph.CO], [SDU.ASTR.CO]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Cosmology and Extra-Galactic Astrophysics [astro-ph.CO], Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics
Abstract

Modern cosmology has sharpened questions posed for millennia about the origin of our cosmic habitat. The age-old questions have been transformed into two pressing issues primed for attack in the coming decade: How did the Universe begin? and What physical laws govern the Universe at the highest energies? The clearest window onto these questions is the pattern of polarization in the Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB), which is uniquely sensitive to primordial gravity waves. A detection of the special pattern produced by gravity waves would be not only an unprecedented discovery, but also a direct probe of physics at the earliest observable instants of our Universe. Experiments which map CMB polarization over the coming decade will lead us on our first steps towards answering these age-old questions.

9. Packed Ultra-wideband Mapping Array (PUMA): Astro2020 RFI Response

Author

Castorina, Emanuele, Foreman, Simon, Karagiannis, Dionysios, Liu, Adrian, Masui, Kiyoshi W., Meerburg, Pieter D., Newburgh, Laura B., O Connor, Paul, Obuljen, Andrej, Padmanabhan, Hamsa, Shaw, J. Richard, Slosar, Anže, Stankus, Paul, Timbie, Peter T., Benjamin Wallisch, and White, Martin

Subjects
High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE), Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO), Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, FOS: Physical sciences, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM), Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
Abstract

The Packed Ultra-wideband Mapping Array (PUMA) is a proposed low-resolution transit interferometric radio telescope operating over the frequency range 200 - 1100MHz. Its rich science portfolio will include measuring structure in the universe from redshift z = 0.3 to 6 using 21cm intensity mapping, detecting one million fast radio bursts, and monitoring thousands of pulsars. It will allow PUMA to advance science in three different areas of physics (the physics of dark energy, the physics of cosmic inflation and time-domain astrophysics). This document is a response to a request for information (RFI) by the Panel on Radio, Millimeter, and Submillimeter Observations from the Ground (RMS) of the Decadal Survey on Astronomy and Astrophysics 2020. We present the science case of PUMA, the development path and major risks to the project., 46 pages, 16 figures, 7 tables; response to the request for information (RFI) by the Panel on Radio, Millimeter, and Submillimeter Observations from the Ground (RMS) of the Astro2020 Decadal Survey regarding PUMA APC submission (arXiv:1907.12559); v2: updated with correct bbl file

11. CMB-S4 Science Book, First Edition

Author

Abazajian, Kevork N., Adshead, Peter, Ahmed, Zeeshan, Allen, Steven W., Alonso, David, Arnold, Kam S., Baccigalupi, Carlo, Bartlett, James G., Battaglia, Nicholas, Benson, Bradford A., Bischoff, Colin A., Borrill, Julian, Buza, Victor, Calabrese, Erminia, Caldwell, Robert, Carlstrom, John E., Chang, Clarence L., Crawford, Thomas M., Cyr-Racine, Francis-Yan, De Bernardis, Francesco, De Haan,, Tijmen, Sperello di, Serego Alighieri, Dunkley, Joanna, Dvorkin, Cora, Errard, Josquin, Fabbian, Giulio, Feeney, Stephen, Ferraro, Simone, Filippini, Jeffrey P., Flauger, Raphael, Fuller, George M., Gluscevic, Vera, Green, Daniel, Grin, Daniel, Grohs, Evan, Henning, Jason W., Hill, J. Colin, Hlozek, Renee, Holder, Gilbert, Holzapfel, William, Hu, Wayne, Huffenberger, Kevin M., Keskitalo, Reijo, Knox, Lloyd, Kosowsky, Arthur, Kovac, John, Kovetz, Ely D., Kuo, Chao-Lin, Kusaka, Akito, Le Jeune, Maude, Lee, Adrian T., Lilley, Marc, Loverde, Marilena, Madhavacheril, Mathew S., Mantz, Adam, Marsh, David J. E., McMahon, Jeffrey, Meerburg, Pieter Daniel, Meyers, Joel, Miller, Amber D., Munoz, Julian B., Nguyen, Ho Nam, Niemack, Michael D., Peloso, Marco, Peloton, Julien, Pogosian, Levon, Pryke, Clement, Raveri, Marco, Reichardt, Christian L., Rocha, Graca, Rotti, Aditya, Schaan, Emmanuel, Schmittfull, Marcel M., Scott, Douglas, Sehgal, Neelima, Shandera, Sarah, Sherwin, Blake D., Smith, Tristan L., Sorbo, Lorenzo, Starkman,, Glenn D., Story,, Kyle T., van Engelen,, Alexander, Vieira,, Joaquin D., Watson, Scott, Whitehorn,, Nathan, Kimmy Wu, W.L., Abazajian, Kevork N., Adshead, Peter, Ahmed, Zeeshan, Allen, Steven W., Alonso, David, Arnold, Kam S., Baccigalupi, Carlo, Bartlett, James G., Battaglia, Nicholas, Benson, Bradford A., Bischoff, Colin A., Borrill, Julian, Buza, Victor, Calabrese, Erminia, Caldwell, Robert, Carlstrom, John E., Chang, Clarence L., Crawford, Thomas M., Cyr-Racine, Francis-Yan, De Bernardis, Francesco, De Haan,, Tijmen, Sperello di, Serego Alighieri, Dunkley, Joanna, Dvorkin, Cora, Errard, Josquin, Fabbian, Giulio, Feeney, Stephen, Ferraro, Simone, Filippini, Jeffrey P., Flauger, Raphael, Fuller, George M., Gluscevic, Vera, Green, Daniel, Grin, Daniel, Grohs, Evan, Henning, Jason W., Hill, J. Colin, Hlozek, Renee, Holder, Gilbert, Holzapfel, William, Hu, Wayne, Huffenberger, Kevin M., Keskitalo, Reijo, Knox, Lloyd, Kosowsky, Arthur, Kovac, John, Kovetz, Ely D., Kuo, Chao-Lin, Kusaka, Akito, Le Jeune, Maude, Lee, Adrian T., Lilley, Marc, Loverde, Marilena, Madhavacheril, Mathew S., Mantz, Adam, Marsh, David J. E., McMahon, Jeffrey, Meerburg, Pieter Daniel, Meyers, Joel, Miller, Amber D., Munoz, Julian B., Nguyen, Ho Nam, Niemack, Michael D., Peloso, Marco, Peloton, Julien, Pogosian, Levon, Pryke, Clement, Raveri, Marco, Reichardt, Christian L., Rocha, Graca, Rotti, Aditya, Schaan, Emmanuel, Schmittfull, Marcel M., Scott, Douglas, Sehgal, Neelima, Shandera, Sarah, Sherwin, Blake D., Smith, Tristan L., Sorbo, Lorenzo, Starkman,, Glenn D., Story,, Kyle T., van Engelen,, Alexander, Vieira,, Joaquin D., Watson, Scott, Whitehorn,, Nathan, and Kimmy Wu, W.L.

Abstract

This book lays out the scientific goals to be addressed by the next-generation ground-based cosmic microwave background experiment, CMB-S4, envisioned to consist of dedicated telescopes at the South Pole, the high Chilean Atacama plateau and possibly a northern hemisphere site, all equipped with new superconducting cameras. CMB-S4 will dramatically advance cosmological studies by crossing critical thresholds in the search for the B-mode polarization signature of primordial gravitational waves, in the determination of the number and masses of the neutrinos, in the search for evidence of new light relics, in constraining the nature of dark energy, and in testing general relativity on large scales.

12. The origin of the universe as revealed through the polarization of the cosmic microwave background

Author

Dodelson, Scott, Easther, Richard, Hanany, Shaul, McAllister, Liam, Meyer, Stephan, Page, Lyman, Ade, Peter A. R., Amblard, Alexander, Ashoorioon, Amjad, Baccigalupi, Carlo, Balbi, Amedeo, Bartlett, James, Bartolo, Nicola, Baumann, Daniel, Beltran, Maria, Benford, Dominic, Birkinshaw, Mark, Bock, Jamie, Bond, Dick, Borrill, Julian, Bouchet, Francois, Bridges, Michael, Bunn, Emory, Calabrese, Erminia, Cantalupo, Christopher, Caramete, Ana, Carbone, Carmelita, Carroll, Sean, Chatterjee, Suchetana, Chen, Xingang, Church, Sarah, Chuss, David, Contaldi, Carlo, Cooray, Asantha, Creminelli, Paolo, Das, Sudeep, de Bernardis, Francesco, de Bernardis, Paolo, Delabrouille, Jacques, Dsert, F. Xavier, Devlin, Mark, Dickinson, Clive, Dicker, Simon, DiPirro, Michael, Dobbs, Matt, Dore, Olivier, Dotson, Jessie, Dunkley, Joanna, Dvorklin, Cora, Eriksen, Hans Kristian, Falvella, Maria Christiana, Finley, Dave, Finkbeiner, Douglas, Fixen, Dale, Flauger, Raphael, Fosalba, Pablo, Fowler, Joseph, Galli, Silvia, Gates, Evalyn, Gear, Walter Kieran, Giraud-Heraud, Yannick, Gorski, Krzysztof, Greene, Brian, Gruppuso, Alessandro, Gundersen, Josh, Halpern, Mark, Hirata, Christopher, Hivon, Eric, Holman, Richard, Holmes, Warren, Hu, Wayne, Hubmayr, Johannes, Huffenberger, Kevin, Hui, Howard, Hui, Lam, Irwin, Kent, Jackson, Mark, Jaffe, Andrew, Johnson, Bradley, Johnson, Dean, Jones, William, Kachru, Shamit, Kadota, Kenji, Kaplan, Jean, Kaplinghat, Manoj, Keating, Brian, Keskitalo, Reijo, Khoury, Justin, Kinney, Will, Kisner, Theodore, Knox, Lloyd, Kodama, Hideo, Kogut, Alan, Komatsu, Eiichiro, Kosowsky, Reijo, Kurki-Suonio, Hannu, Lamarre, Jean-Michel, Landau, Susana, Leach, Samuel, Leblond, Louis, Lee, Adrian, Leitch, Erik, Leonardi, Rodrigo, Lesgourgues, Julien, Liddle, Andrew, Lim, Eugene, Limon, Michele, Loverde, Marilena, Lubin, Philip, Lunghi, Enrico, Lykken, Joseph, MacTavish, Carolyn, Magalhaes, Antonio, Maino, Davide, Martin, Victoria, Matarrese, Sabino, Mather, John, Mathur, Harsh, Matsumura, Tomotake, Meerburg, Pieter, Melchiorri, Alessandro, Mersini-Houghton, Laura, Miller, Amber, Milligan, Michael, Moodley, Kavilan, Neimack, Michael, Nguyen, Hogan, Nicolis, Alberto, O'Dwyer, Ian, Olinto, Angela, Pagano, Luca, Pajer, Enrico, Partridge, Bruce, Pearson, Timothy, Peiris, Hiranya, Peloso, Marco, Piacentini, Francesco, Piat, Michel, Piccirillo, Lucio, Pierpaoli, Elena, Pietrobon, Davide, Pisano, Giampaolo, Pogosian, Levon, Pogosyan, Dmitri, Ponthieu, Nicolas, Popa, Lucia, Pryke, Clement, Raeth, Christoph, Ray, Subharthi, Reichardt, Christian, Ricciardi, Sara, Richards, Paul, Riotto, Antonio, Rocha, Graca, Ruhl, John, Rusholme, Benjamin, Scherrer, Robert, Scoccola, Claudia, Scott, Douglas, Sealfon, Carolyn, Sefusatti, Emiliano, Sehgal, Neelima, Seiffert, Michael, Serra, Paolo, Shandera, Sarah, Shimon, Meir, Shirron, Peter, Sievers, Jonathan, Silk, Joe, Sigurdson, Kris, Silverberg, Robert, Silverstein, Eva, Staggs, Suzanne, Starkman, Glenn, Stebbins, Albert, Stivoli, Frederico, Stompor, Radek, Sugiyama, Naoshi, Swetz, Daniel, Tartari, Andrea, Tegmark, Max, Timbie, Peter, Titov, Maxim, Tristram, Matthieu, Trodden, Mark, Tucker, Gregory, Urrestilla, Jon, Veneziani, Marcella, Verde, Licia, Vieira, Joaquin, Walker, Terry, Wands, David, Watson, Scott, Weinberg, Steven, Weiss, Rainer, Wandelt, Benjamin, Winstein, Bruce, Wollack, Edward, Wyman, Mark, Yadav, Amit, Won Yoon, Ki, Zahn, Olivier, Zaldarriage, Mattias, Zemcov, Michael, Zwart, Jonathan, Dodelson, Scott, Easther, Richard, Hanany, Shaul, McAllister, Liam, Meyer, Stephan, Page, Lyman, Ade, Peter A. R., Amblard, Alexander, Ashoorioon, Amjad, Baccigalupi, Carlo, Balbi, Amedeo, Bartlett, James, Bartolo, Nicola, Baumann, Daniel, Beltran, Maria, Benford, Dominic, Birkinshaw, Mark, Bock, Jamie, Bond, Dick, Borrill, Julian, Bouchet, Francois, Bridges, Michael, Bunn, Emory, Calabrese, Erminia, Cantalupo, Christopher, Caramete, Ana, Carbone, Carmelita, Carroll, Sean, Chatterjee, Suchetana, Chen, Xingang, Church, Sarah, Chuss, David, Contaldi, Carlo, Cooray, Asantha, Creminelli, Paolo, Das, Sudeep, de Bernardis, Francesco, de Bernardis, Paolo, Delabrouille, Jacques, Dsert, F. Xavier, Devlin, Mark, Dickinson, Clive, Dicker, Simon, DiPirro, Michael, Dobbs, Matt, Dore, Olivier, Dotson, Jessie, Dunkley, Joanna, Dvorklin, Cora, Eriksen, Hans Kristian, Falvella, Maria Christiana, Finley, Dave, Finkbeiner, Douglas, Fixen, Dale, Flauger, Raphael, Fosalba, Pablo, Fowler, Joseph, Galli, Silvia, Gates, Evalyn, Gear, Walter Kieran, Giraud-Heraud, Yannick, Gorski, Krzysztof, Greene, Brian, Gruppuso, Alessandro, Gundersen, Josh, Halpern, Mark, Hirata, Christopher, Hivon, Eric, Holman, Richard, Holmes, Warren, Hu, Wayne, Hubmayr, Johannes, Huffenberger, Kevin, Hui, Howard, Hui, Lam, Irwin, Kent, Jackson, Mark, Jaffe, Andrew, Johnson, Bradley, Johnson, Dean, Jones, William, Kachru, Shamit, Kadota, Kenji, Kaplan, Jean, Kaplinghat, Manoj, Keating, Brian, Keskitalo, Reijo, Khoury, Justin, Kinney, Will, Kisner, Theodore, Knox, Lloyd, Kodama, Hideo, Kogut, Alan, Komatsu, Eiichiro, Kosowsky, Reijo, Kurki-Suonio, Hannu, Lamarre, Jean-Michel, Landau, Susana, Leach, Samuel, Leblond, Louis, Lee, Adrian, Leitch, Erik, Leonardi, Rodrigo, Lesgourgues, Julien, Liddle, Andrew, Lim, Eugene, Limon, Michele, Loverde, Marilena, Lubin, Philip, Lunghi, Enrico, Lykken, Joseph, MacTavish, Carolyn, Magalhaes, Antonio, Maino, Davide, Martin, Victoria, Matarrese, Sabino, Mather, John, Mathur, Harsh, Matsumura, Tomotake, Meerburg, Pieter, Melchiorri, Alessandro, Mersini-Houghton, Laura, Miller, Amber, Milligan, Michael, Moodley, Kavilan, Neimack, Michael, Nguyen, Hogan, Nicolis, Alberto, O'Dwyer, Ian, Olinto, Angela, Pagano, Luca, Pajer, Enrico, Partridge, Bruce, Pearson, Timothy, Peiris, Hiranya, Peloso, Marco, Piacentini, Francesco, Piat, Michel, Piccirillo, Lucio, Pierpaoli, Elena, Pietrobon, Davide, Pisano, Giampaolo, Pogosian, Levon, Pogosyan, Dmitri, Ponthieu, Nicolas, Popa, Lucia, Pryke, Clement, Raeth, Christoph, Ray, Subharthi, Reichardt, Christian, Ricciardi, Sara, Richards, Paul, Riotto, Antonio, Rocha, Graca, Ruhl, John, Rusholme, Benjamin, Scherrer, Robert, Scoccola, Claudia, Scott, Douglas, Sealfon, Carolyn, Sefusatti, Emiliano, Sehgal, Neelima, Seiffert, Michael, Serra, Paolo, Shandera, Sarah, Shimon, Meir, Shirron, Peter, Sievers, Jonathan, Silk, Joe, Sigurdson, Kris, Silverberg, Robert, Silverstein, Eva, Staggs, Suzanne, Starkman, Glenn, Stebbins, Albert, Stivoli, Frederico, Stompor, Radek, Sugiyama, Naoshi, Swetz, Daniel, Tartari, Andrea, Tegmark, Max, Timbie, Peter, Titov, Maxim, Tristram, Matthieu, Trodden, Mark, Tucker, Gregory, Urrestilla, Jon, Veneziani, Marcella, Verde, Licia, Vieira, Joaquin, Walker, Terry, Wands, David, Watson, Scott, Weinberg, Steven, Weiss, Rainer, Wandelt, Benjamin, Winstein, Bruce, Wollack, Edward, Wyman, Mark, Yadav, Amit, Won Yoon, Ki, Zahn, Olivier, Zaldarriage, Mattias, Zemcov, Michael, and Zwart, Jonathan

Abstract

Modern cosmology has sharpened questions posed for millennia about the origin of our cosmic habitat. The age-old questions have been transformed into two pressing issues primed for attack in the coming decade: • How did the Universe begin? The current cosmological paradigm successfully explains how the majestic structure observed in the Universe today grew out of small ripples in the density of matter. What is the physical origin of the primordial seeds which are ultimately responsible for the existence of galaxies, stars, planets, and people in the Universe? It is natural to expect (and many theories predict) that whatever produced the density ripples also produced gravity waves – undulations in the fabric of space-time which travel at the speed of light. Does the Universe contain a spectrum of primordial gravity waves produced by the same mechanism which produced the ripples in the density? • What physical laws govern the Universe at the highest energies? All explanations for the seeds of structure rely on physics at energies far beyond those probed by, e.g., CERN’s Large Hadron Collider. Experiments probing these seeds therefore may provide information about new particles, forces, or perhaps even extra dimensions of space that are visible only at the highest energies. The clearest window onto these questions is the pattern of polarization in the Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB), which is uniquely sensitive to primordial gravity waves. A detection of the special pattern produced by gravity waves would be not only an unprecedented discovery, but also a direct probe of physics at the earliest observable instants of our Universe. Experiments which map CMB polarization over the coming decade will lead us on our first steps towards answering these age-old questions.

13. Observing the evolution of the universe

Author

Aguirre, James, Amblard, Alexander, Ashoorioon, Amjad, Baccigalupi, Carlo, Balbi, Amedeo, Bartlett, James, Bartolo, Nicola, Benford, Dominic, Birkinshaw, Mark, Bock, Jamie, Bond, Dick, Borrill, Julian, Bouchet, Francois, Bridges, Michael, Bunn, Emory, Calabrese, Erminia, Cantalupo, Christopher, Caramete, Ana, Carbone, Carmelita, Chatterjee, Suchetana, Church, Sarah, Chuss, David, Contaldi, Carlo, Cooray, Asantha, Das, Sudeep, De Bernardis, Francesco, De Bernardis, Paolo, De Zotti, Gianfranco, Delabrouille, Jacques, Dsert, F. Xavier, Devlin, Mark, Dickinson, Clive, Dicker, Simon, DiPirro, Michael, Dobbs, Matt, Dodelson, Scott, Dore, Olivier, Dotson, Jessie, Dunkley, Joanna, Falvella, Maria Christina, Fixen, Dale, Fosalba, Pablo, Fowler, Joseph, Gates, Evalyn, Gear, Walter Kieran, Golwala, Sunil, Gorski, Krzysztof, Gruppuso, Alessandro, Gundersen, Josh, Halpern, Mark, Hanany, Shaul, Hazumi, Masashi, Hernandez-Monteagudo, Carlos, Hertzberg, Mark, Hinshaw, Gary, Hirata, Christopher, Hivon, Eric, Holman, Richard, Holmes, Warren, Holzapfel, William, Hu, Wayne, Hubmayr, Johannes, Huffenberger, Kevin, Irwin, Kent, Jackson, Mark, Jaffe, Andrew, Johnson, Bradley, Jones, William, Kaplinghat, Manoj, Keating, Brian, Keskitalo, Reijo, Khoury, Justin, Kisner, Theodore, Kinney, Will, Knox, Lloyd, Kodama, Hideo, Kogut, Alan, Komatsu, Eiichiro, Kosowsky, Arthur, Kovac, John, Krauss, Lawrence, Kurki-Suonio, Hannu, Landau, Susana, Lawrence, Charles, Leach, Samuel, Lee, Adrian, Leitch, Erik, Leonardi, Rodrigo, Lesgourgues, Julien, Liddle, Andrew, Lim, Eugene, Limon, Michele, Loverde, Marilena, Lubin, Philip, Magalhaes, Antonio, Maino, Davide, Marriage, Tobias, Martin, Victoria, Matarrese, Sabino, Mather, John, Mathur, Harsh, Matsumura, Tomotake, Meerburg, Pieter, Melchiorri, Alessandro, Meyer, Stephan, Miller, Amber, Milligan, Michael, Moodley, Kavilan, Neimack, Michael, Nguyen, Hogan, O'Dwyer, Ian, Orlando, Angiola, Page, Lyman, Pagano, Luca, Partridge, Bruce, Pearson, Timothy, Peiris, Hiranya, Piacentini, Francesco, Piccirillo, Lucio, Pierpaoli, Elena, Pietrobon, Davide, Pisano, Giampaolo, Pogosian, Levon, Pogosyan, Dmitri, Ponthieu, Nicolas, Popa, Lucia, Pryke, Clement, Raeth, Christoph, Ray, Subharthi, Reichardt, Christian, Ricciardi, Sara, Richards, Paul, Rocha, Graca, Rudnick, Lawrence, Ruhl, John, Rusholme, Benjamin, Scoccola, Claudia, Scott, Douglas, Sealfon, Carolyn, Sehgal, Neelima, Seiffert, Michael, Senatore, Leonardo, Serra, Paolo, Shandera, Sarah, Shimon, Meir, Shirron, Peter, Sievers, Jonathan, Sigurdson, Kris, Silk, Joe, Silverberg, Robert, Silverstein, Eva, Staggs, Suzanne, Stebbins, Albert, Stivoli, Frederico, Stompor, Radek, Sugiyama, Naoshi, Swetz, Daniel, Tartari, Andrea, Tegmark, Max, Timbie, Peter, Tristram, Matthieu, Tucker, Gregory, Urrestilla, Jon, Vaillancourt, John, Veneziani, Marcella, Verde, Licia, Vieira, Joaquin, Wandelt, Benjamin, Watson, Scott, Wilson, Grant, Wollack, Edward, Wyman, Mark, Yadav, Amit, Yannick, Giraud-Heraud, Zahn, Olivier, Zaldarriage, Mattias, Zemcov, Michael, Zwart, Jonathan, Aguirre, James, Amblard, Alexander, Ashoorioon, Amjad, Baccigalupi, Carlo, Balbi, Amedeo, Bartlett, James, Bartolo, Nicola, Benford, Dominic, Birkinshaw, Mark, Bock, Jamie, Bond, Dick, Borrill, Julian, Bouchet, Francois, Bridges, Michael, Bunn, Emory, Calabrese, Erminia, Cantalupo, Christopher, Caramete, Ana, Carbone, Carmelita, Chatterjee, Suchetana, Church, Sarah, Chuss, David, Contaldi, Carlo, Cooray, Asantha, Das, Sudeep, De Bernardis, Francesco, De Bernardis, Paolo, De Zotti, Gianfranco, Delabrouille, Jacques, Dsert, F. Xavier, Devlin, Mark, Dickinson, Clive, Dicker, Simon, DiPirro, Michael, Dobbs, Matt, Dodelson, Scott, Dore, Olivier, Dotson, Jessie, Dunkley, Joanna, Falvella, Maria Christina, Fixen, Dale, Fosalba, Pablo, Fowler, Joseph, Gates, Evalyn, Gear, Walter Kieran, Golwala, Sunil, Gorski, Krzysztof, Gruppuso, Alessandro, Gundersen, Josh, Halpern, Mark, Hanany, Shaul, Hazumi, Masashi, Hernandez-Monteagudo, Carlos, Hertzberg, Mark, Hinshaw, Gary, Hirata, Christopher, Hivon, Eric, Holman, Richard, Holmes, Warren, Holzapfel, William, Hu, Wayne, Hubmayr, Johannes, Huffenberger, Kevin, Irwin, Kent, Jackson, Mark, Jaffe, Andrew, Johnson, Bradley, Jones, William, Kaplinghat, Manoj, Keating, Brian, Keskitalo, Reijo, Khoury, Justin, Kisner, Theodore, Kinney, Will, Knox, Lloyd, Kodama, Hideo, Kogut, Alan, Komatsu, Eiichiro, Kosowsky, Arthur, Kovac, John, Krauss, Lawrence, Kurki-Suonio, Hannu, Landau, Susana, Lawrence, Charles, Leach, Samuel, Lee, Adrian, Leitch, Erik, Leonardi, Rodrigo, Lesgourgues, Julien, Liddle, Andrew, Lim, Eugene, Limon, Michele, Loverde, Marilena, Lubin, Philip, Magalhaes, Antonio, Maino, Davide, Marriage, Tobias, Martin, Victoria, Matarrese, Sabino, Mather, John, Mathur, Harsh, Matsumura, Tomotake, Meerburg, Pieter, Melchiorri, Alessandro, Meyer, Stephan, Miller, Amber, Milligan, Michael, Moodley, Kavilan, Neimack, Michael, Nguyen, Hogan, O'Dwyer, Ian, Orlando, Angiola, Page, Lyman, Pagano, Luca, Partridge, Bruce, Pearson, Timothy, Peiris, Hiranya, Piacentini, Francesco, Piccirillo, Lucio, Pierpaoli, Elena, Pietrobon, Davide, Pisano, Giampaolo, Pogosian, Levon, Pogosyan, Dmitri, Ponthieu, Nicolas, Popa, Lucia, Pryke, Clement, Raeth, Christoph, Ray, Subharthi, Reichardt, Christian, Ricciardi, Sara, Richards, Paul, Rocha, Graca, Rudnick, Lawrence, Ruhl, John, Rusholme, Benjamin, Scoccola, Claudia, Scott, Douglas, Sealfon, Carolyn, Sehgal, Neelima, Seiffert, Michael, Senatore, Leonardo, Serra, Paolo, Shandera, Sarah, Shimon, Meir, Shirron, Peter, Sievers, Jonathan, Sigurdson, Kris, Silk, Joe, Silverberg, Robert, Silverstein, Eva, Staggs, Suzanne, Stebbins, Albert, Stivoli, Frederico, Stompor, Radek, Sugiyama, Naoshi, Swetz, Daniel, Tartari, Andrea, Tegmark, Max, Timbie, Peter, Tristram, Matthieu, Tucker, Gregory, Urrestilla, Jon, Vaillancourt, John, Veneziani, Marcella, Verde, Licia, Vieira, Joaquin, Wandelt, Benjamin, Watson, Scott, Wilson, Grant, Wollack, Edward, Wyman, Mark, Yadav, Amit, Yannick, Giraud-Heraud, Zahn, Olivier, Zaldarriage, Mattias, Zemcov, Michael, and Zwart, Jonathan

14. CMB-S4 Science Book, First Edition

Author

Abazajian, Kevork N., Adshead, Peter, Ahmed, Zeeshan, Allen, Steven W., Alonso, David, Arnold, Kam S., Baccigalupi, Carlo, Bartlett, James G., Battaglia, Nicholas, Benson, Bradford A., Bischoff, Colin A., Borrill, Julian, Buza, Victor, Calabrese, Erminia, Caldwell, Robert, Carlstrom, John E., Chang, Clarence L., Crawford, Thomas M., Cyr-Racine, Francis-Yan, De Bernardis, Francesco, De Haan,, Tijmen, Sperello di, Serego Alighieri, Dunkley, Joanna, Dvorkin, Cora, Errard, Josquin, Fabbian, Giulio, Feeney, Stephen, Ferraro, Simone, Filippini, Jeffrey P., Flauger, Raphael, Fuller, George M., Gluscevic, Vera, Green, Daniel, Grin, Daniel, Grohs, Evan, Henning, Jason W., Hill, J. Colin, Hlozek, Renee, Holder, Gilbert, Holzapfel, William, Hu, Wayne, Huffenberger, Kevin M., Keskitalo, Reijo, Knox, Lloyd, Kosowsky, Arthur, Kovac, John, Kovetz, Ely D., Kuo, Chao-Lin, Kusaka, Akito, Le Jeune, Maude, Lee, Adrian T., Lilley, Marc, Loverde, Marilena, Madhavacheril, Mathew S., Mantz, Adam, Marsh, David J. E., McMahon, Jeffrey, Meerburg, Pieter Daniel, Meyers, Joel, Miller, Amber D., Munoz, Julian B., Nguyen, Ho Nam, Niemack, Michael D., Peloso, Marco, Peloton, Julien, Pogosian, Levon, Pryke, Clement, Raveri, Marco, Reichardt, Christian L., Rocha, Graca, Rotti, Aditya, Schaan, Emmanuel, Schmittfull, Marcel M., Scott, Douglas, Sehgal, Neelima, Shandera, Sarah, Sherwin, Blake D., Smith, Tristan L., Sorbo, Lorenzo, Starkman,, Glenn D., Story,, Kyle T., van Engelen,, Alexander, Vieira,, Joaquin D., Watson, Scott, Whitehorn,, Nathan, Kimmy Wu, W.L., Abazajian, Kevork N., Adshead, Peter, Ahmed, Zeeshan, Allen, Steven W., Alonso, David, Arnold, Kam S., Baccigalupi, Carlo, Bartlett, James G., Battaglia, Nicholas, Benson, Bradford A., Bischoff, Colin A., Borrill, Julian, Buza, Victor, Calabrese, Erminia, Caldwell, Robert, Carlstrom, John E., Chang, Clarence L., Crawford, Thomas M., Cyr-Racine, Francis-Yan, De Bernardis, Francesco, De Haan,, Tijmen, Sperello di, Serego Alighieri, Dunkley, Joanna, Dvorkin, Cora, Errard, Josquin, Fabbian, Giulio, Feeney, Stephen, Ferraro, Simone, Filippini, Jeffrey P., Flauger, Raphael, Fuller, George M., Gluscevic, Vera, Green, Daniel, Grin, Daniel, Grohs, Evan, Henning, Jason W., Hill, J. Colin, Hlozek, Renee, Holder, Gilbert, Holzapfel, William, Hu, Wayne, Huffenberger, Kevin M., Keskitalo, Reijo, Knox, Lloyd, Kosowsky, Arthur, Kovac, John, Kovetz, Ely D., Kuo, Chao-Lin, Kusaka, Akito, Le Jeune, Maude, Lee, Adrian T., Lilley, Marc, Loverde, Marilena, Madhavacheril, Mathew S., Mantz, Adam, Marsh, David J. E., McMahon, Jeffrey, Meerburg, Pieter Daniel, Meyers, Joel, Miller, Amber D., Munoz, Julian B., Nguyen, Ho Nam, Niemack, Michael D., Peloso, Marco, Peloton, Julien, Pogosian, Levon, Pryke, Clement, Raveri, Marco, Reichardt, Christian L., Rocha, Graca, Rotti, Aditya, Schaan, Emmanuel, Schmittfull, Marcel M., Scott, Douglas, Sehgal, Neelima, Shandera, Sarah, Sherwin, Blake D., Smith, Tristan L., Sorbo, Lorenzo, Starkman,, Glenn D., Story,, Kyle T., van Engelen,, Alexander, Vieira,, Joaquin D., Watson, Scott, Whitehorn,, Nathan, and Kimmy Wu, W.L.

Abstract

This book lays out the scientific goals to be addressed by the next-generation ground-based cosmic microwave background experiment, CMB-S4, envisioned to consist of dedicated telescopes at the South Pole, the high Chilean Atacama plateau and possibly a northern hemisphere site, all equipped with new superconducting cameras. CMB-S4 will dramatically advance cosmological studies by crossing critical thresholds in the search for the B-mode polarization signature of primordial gravitational waves, in the determination of the number and masses of the neutrinos, in the search for evidence of new light relics, in constraining the nature of dark energy, and in testing general relativity on large scales.

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