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8. Economic valuation of ecosystem services of selected interventions in agriculture in India

Author

Kumara T M, Kiran; Birthal, Pratap Singh; Meena, Dinesh Chand; Kumar, Anjani and Kumara T M, Kiran; Birthal, Pratap Singh; Meena, Dinesh Chand; Kumar, Anjani

Abstract

Development Strategies and Governance (DSG), Agriculture is multi-functional, producing economic goods including food, feed, fibre, and fuel, as well as providing several intangible or non-tradable services to society free of cost. Non-tradable services, unlike economic goods, remain unpriced; as a result, farmers are not compensated monetarily for the benefits of the several non-tradable services they provide through agriculture. Recognizing the monetary value of non-tradable ecosystem services is crucial to incentivize farmers to adopt eco-friendly technologies and practices for the sustainable development of agriculture. Through a meta-analysis of the existing evidence on ecosystem services, this study attempts to estimate the value of ecosystem services by using direct and indirect valuation methods—for example, carbon sequestration, methane emission, nutrient availability, biological nitrogen fixation, and water saving—generated by several important technological and agronomic interventions, namely the direct seeding of rice (DSR), zero-tillage in wheat, leguminous crops, organic manure, integrated nutrient management, and agroforestry, based on studies conducted in India. It also explores the trade-offs between the non-tradable and tradable ecosystem services attributable to these interventions. The monetary value of the non-tradable services resulting from most of these interventions is quite large, 34–77% of the total value of all the ecosystem services. However, not all interventions result in a win-win situation that yields improvements in both tradable and non-tradable outcomes. While no-till wheat, legumes, and integrated nutrient management result in a win-win outcome, there are trade-offs between the tradable and non tradable ecosystem services in the cases of directed seed rice, organic manure, and agroforestry. This evidence suggests that not all agricultural technologies and practices are beneficial for farmers, despite their higher environmental benefits. Thus, the findings of this study impl

Published
2024

19. Can the water rate be the only criteria to assess the viability of a canal irrigation system? a case of Eastern Yamuna Canal, India.

Author

Kishore, Prabhat, Singh, Dharam Raj, Srivastava, Shivendra K., Meena, Dinesh Chand, and Tatipudi, Bangara Raju

Subjects
*IRRIGATION, *GROUNDWATER recharge, *ECOSYSTEM services, *WATER supply, *WATER use, *CANALS
Abstract

Canal irrigation system, besides providing irrigation, generate many ecosystem services for command areas, viz. lesser groundwater extraction and carbon emissions, energy savings, groundwater recharge, recreational services for inhabitants, etc. However, existing studies primarily emphasize irrigation services provided by canals while overlooking other ecosystem services. Therefore, this study monetizes key ecosystem services rendered by the Eastern Yamuna Canal (EYC) and collates government expenditures incurred. The result shows that the ecosystem services delivered by EYC are worth Rs 1122.86 million, nearly 48.27% more than working expenses. Further, the result highlights that anchoring only on revenue generated to exchequer with water rates, to compare the performance of any canal will not be sufficient. The present study suggests that if the government facilitates the timely availability of canal water to the farms and collects water charges equal to working expenses from the water users, it could be a much better trade-off for the stakeholders. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2023
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