Search

Abstract Background The extreme vulnerability experienced by patients in palliative care may result in significant distress. These patients require appropriate care while not pathologizing their natural distress. Given the challenges of caring for people experiencing significant distress, it is important to understand what professionals in training may feel when caring for patients in palliative care. Therefore, the aim of this study was to explore how professionals in training feel when confronted with the distress of patients undergoing palliative care. Methods A qualitative study employing interpretative phenomenological analysis was conducted. In 2022, 11 physicians in training were interviewed about their experiences with distressed patients due to palliative care. The interviews were conducted via video conference. The students participated in the national palliative care cross-training and were in their final year of residency training. Results The interviews revealed the following five themes: feelings of powerlessness, duty to act, difficulty in building a relationship, feeling insecure about oneself, and creating a space for listening and relating. All participants felt powerless in front of their patient’s distress. Numerous defense mechanisms were identified that made the relationship with the patient difficult. Four participants described being able to create a space for listening and relating to their patients. Conclusions A minority of students could establish a quality relationship with their distressed patients. Two concepts, interprofessional education and the patient-centered approach, were identified and could be developed in training.

Background: The extreme vulnerability experienced by patients in palliative care may result in significant distress. These patients require appropriate care while not pathologizing their natural distress. Given the challenges of caring for people experiencing significant distress, it is important to understand what professionals in training may feel when caring for patients in palliative care. Therefore, the aim of this study was to explore how professionals in training feel when confronted with the distress of patients undergoing palliative care. Methods: A qualitative study employing interpretative phenomenological analysis was conducted. In 2022, 11 physicians in training were interviewed about their experiences with distressed patients due to palliative care. The interviews were conducted via video conference. The students participated in the national palliative care cross-training and were in their final year of residency training. Results: The interviews revealed the following five themes: feelings of powerlessness, duty to act, difficulty in building a relationship, feeling insecure about oneself, and creating a space for listening and relating. All participants felt powerless in front of their patient's distress. Numerous defense mechanisms were identified that made the relationship with the patient difficult. Four participants described being able to create a space for listening and relating to their patients. Conclusions: A minority of students could establish a quality relationship with their distressed patients. Two concepts, interprofessional education and the patient-centered approach, were identified and could be developed in training. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract Objective Analyze, using diagram V, the action of the health professional based on Rogers' theory. Method An analytical process was developed, conducted systematically, based on the decomposition of the elements of diagram V and the theory of the Person-Centered Approach, by Carl Rogers. Results In order to facilitate the action of health professionals, who wish to use Rogers' theory to guide their practices, the use of Gowin's V diagram allowed them to understand that the health professional's action must focus on the person and their feelings and that acceptance, freedom of direction and autonomy must be drivers of this process. Conclusion A common theory in the healthcare field is Carl Rogers' Person-Centered Approach theory. However, the knowledge attributed to theoretical constructs is sometimes understood as complex, and thus needs to be reflected and analyzed. Gowin's V proved to be a consolidated instrument for this purpose.

Background. In the structure of oncological diseases, lung cancer is one of the most common pathologies characterized by high mortality. The probability of five-year survival is higher for patients receiving treatment in the early stages of cancer. Purpose. The study is devoted to the study of the relationship between the psychological characteristics of cancer patients with early diagnosis of the disease and the subsequent course of the disease. Materials and methods. The study involved 72 patients with diagnosed lung cancer aged 39 to 80 years. In accordance with the purpose of the study, the respondents were grouped into two groups depending on the stage of the disease (early and late treatment) and depending on the course of the disease (favorable and unfavorable). The study was conducted using a complex of psychodiagnostic techniques, methods of mathematical statistics were methods of descriptive statistics, discriminant analysis. Results. Early detection of lung cancer is associated with such features as a pessimistic attributive style, emotional stability, an internal locus of control in the field of interpersonal relations, a rare use of the Escape-avoidance coping strategy. The favorable course of the disease is facilitated by the rare use of the coping strategy "Escape-avoidance", the severity of the indicator of resilience "Control". Conclusion. Thus, the obtained data open up new possibilities in a personalized approach to cancer treatment and can be used in psychosocial and psychotherapeutic practice for patients with lung cancer. Funding. The research has been funded by the Russian Science Foundation, grant No. 21-18-00434, https://rscf.ru/project/21-18-00434/.

Objective This study was conducted to observe the effect of curriculum ideology and politics in the teaching of medical psychology by integrating curriculum ideology and politics in the teaching of medical psychology in the five-year system of clinical medicine and comparing it with the traditional lecture-based teaching method. Methods A total of 323 students who underwent medical psychology study in the five-year system of clinical medicine of Jilin University from 2016 to 2019 were selected as the study subjects and divided into the control group(traditional teaching method) of 161 students and the observation group(integration of curriculum ideology and politics teaching mode) of 162 students according to different teaching methods.At the end of the course, the evaluation of the teaching effect of the medical psychology course was compared between the two groups of students by a questionnaire. Results The results of questionnaire survey showed that the observation group was higher than the control group in mental health and interpersonal ability, autonomous learning ability, doctor-patient relationship, doctor-patient communication ability and post competence, and the differences were statistically significant(P

Introduction. The relevance of the research is determined by the insufficient study of the psychological characteristics of female patients in the cosmetological clinic and the dynamics in the process of non-surgical correction and, in general, the psychological aspects of cosmetological treatment.The objective was to study the dynamics of the psychological characteristics of female patients of a cosmetological clinic in the process of medical correction.Methods and materials. Using psychodiagnostic methods “Neuropsychic Adaptation Test” (NPA), Wellness Index (WHO-V), Visual Analogue Scale, Big Five, Quality of Life Satisfaction Questionnaire (QL), 193 female patients of the cosmetological clinic (mean age 39.19±0.8 years) were examined in the period before treatment and 3 months after it. Data processed by SPSS v. 25.0 using Pearson’s χ2 and Wilcoxon’s Z tests.Results. The results showed statistically significant changes in the course of treatment of 11 out of 20 psychodiagnostic indicators reflecting the positive dynamics of the following psychological characteristics: the level of neuropsychiatric adaptation (р=0.014), the level of psychological well-being (р=0.000), perception of one’s appearance (р=0.000), individual characteristics of the personality “self-consciousness” (р=0.003) and “personal resources” (р=0.001), overall satisfaction with quality of life (р=0.000) and its individual components.Discussion. There are showed limitations and research prospects associated with the further expansion of the range of studied psychological characteristics, their relationship with the severity of a cosmetic defect and, in a broader context - with the determination of the role of psychosocial factors in the mechanisms of development and the effectiveness of correction of facial skin defects.

Background: Psychology as applied to health and illness has a relatively short history. Nevertheless, that history shows a rapid development of the theoretical models that guide the field over the past 60 years. Core theoretical approaches are concisely reviewed, in the context of Kaplan's paper 'Behavior as the central outcome in health care' (1990), which is used as a model to examine the extent to which these approaches embrace Kaplan's notions. Advances: Empirical studies from the health psychology domain are used, which demonstrate the gains in terms of quality of life and behavioural outcomes in patients with (chronic) somatic diseases. Over a period of some 60 years, theoretical models and core concepts in psychology as applied to health and illness have evolved from psychosomatic views to neuropsychology, quality of life, patient education, self-management, illness perceptions, patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs), shared decision-making (SDM) and health humanities (HH). The more recent models (SDM, HH) appear to align to a considerable degree with adopting 'behavior as the central outcome an outcome in health care'; shared decision-making and health humanities focus on encouraging patients to make sense of and give meaning to their illness in order to attain optimal psychosocial adjustment. Conclusions: In addition to 'behavior as the central outcome in health care', a new definition of the concept of health (i.e. 'the ability to adapt and to self-manage' – Huber et al., 2011) seems to favour patients, healthcare providers, society, and health psychology. Incorporating this concept into medical care may be viewed as a challenge for health psychologists – and as a source of continual struggle with strong biomedical forces. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

ABSTRACTBackground: Psychology as applied to health and illness has a relatively short history. Nevertheless, that history shows a rapid development of the theoretical models that guide the field over the past 60 years. Core theoretical approaches are concisely reviewed, in the context of Kaplan’s paper ‘Behavior as the central outcome in health care’ (1990), which is used as a model to examine the extent to which these approaches embrace Kaplan’s notions.Advances: Empirical studies from the health psychology domain are used, which demonstrate the gains in terms of quality of life and behavioural outcomes in patients with (chronic) somatic diseases. Over a period of some 60 years, theoretical models and core concepts in psychology as applied to health and illness have evolved from psychosomatic views to neuropsychology, quality of life, patient education, self-management, illness perceptions, patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs), shared decision-making (SDM) and health humanities (HH). The more recent models (SDM, HH) appear to align to a considerable degree with adopting ‘behavior as the central outcome an outcome in health care’; shared decision-making and health humanities focus on encouraging patients to make sense of and give meaning to their illness in order to attain optimal psychosocial adjustment.Conclusions: In addition to ‘behavior as the central outcome in health care’, a new definition of the concept of health (i.e. ‘the ability to adapt and to self-manage’ – Huber et al., 2011) seems to favour patients, healthcare providers, society, and health psychology. Incorporating this concept into medical care may be viewed as a challenge for health psychologists – and as a source of continual struggle with strong biomedical forces.

Perceived stigmatization places a large psychosocial burden on patients with some skin conditions. Little is known about the experience of stigmatization across a wide range of skin diseases. This observational cross-sectional study aimed to quantify perceived stigmatization and identify its predictors among patients with a broad spectrum of skin diseases across 17 European countries. Self-report questionnaires assessing perceived stigmatization and its potential predictors were completed by 5,487 dermatology outpatients and 2,808 skin-healthy controls. Dermatological diagnosis, severity, and comorbidity were clinician-assessed. Patients experienced higher levels of perceived stigmatization than controls (p

Perceived stigmatization places a large psychosocial burden on patients with some skin conditions. Little is known about the experience of stigmatization across a wide range of skin diseases. This observational crosssectional study aimed to quantify perceived stigmatization and identify its predictors among patients with a broad spectrum of skin diseases across 17 European countries. Self-report questionnaires assessing perceived stigmatization and its potential predictors were completed by 5,487 dermatology outpatients and 2,808 skin-healthy controls. Dermatological diagnosis, severity, and comorbidity were clinician-assessed. Patients experienced higher levels of perceived stigmatization than controls (p<0.001, d =0.26); patients with psoriasis, atopic dermatitis, alopecia, and bullous disorders were particularly affected. Multivariate regression analyses showed that perceived stigmatization was related to sociodemographic (lower age, male sex, being single), general health-related (higher body mass index, lower overall health), disease-related (higher clinician-assessed disease severity, presence of itch, longer disease duration), and psychological (greater distress, presence of suicidal ideation, greater body dysmorphic concerns, lower appearance satisfaction) variables. To conclude, perceived stigmatization is common in patients with skin diseases. Factors have been identified that will help clinicians and policymakers to target vulnerable patient groups, offer adequate patient management, and to ultimately develop evidence-based interventions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

With the economic development of China and transformation of medical model, people pay more attention to their spiritual world and psychological health, and medical psychology has become a major in urgent need of construction. Foreign medical/clinical psychology education was established earlier and has become relatively mature, thus making its experience valuable for reference. This paper compares and analyzes the current situation of undergraduate medical psychology education, and puts forward optimization strategies from the aspects of college planning, curriculum training scheme and teachers’ teaching philosophy, hoping to provide some ideas for the construction of undergraduate medical psychology education in China. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Today, the ability to effectively interact with patients is seen as an important competency in modern medicine; the doctor's communication skills have a positive effect on the effectiveness of the intervention, build trust, and help avoid mistakes. At the same time, there is a timely social request for psychological support, in particular for patients with special needs regarding additional devices. The relevance of the problem determines the purpose of the article: based on theoretical analysis, to present the historical aspects of the psychological component of medical care, in particular, the problems of establishing interaction between the doctor and the patient, to outline recommendations for medical professionals in working with patients with hearing impairment. The main research methods are defined as: theoretical analysis of literary sources; generalization of the author's practical experience; data analysis regarding the research problem presented using the ChatGPT (Generative Pre-trained Transformer) chat bot. To fulfill the outlined tasks of the research: the periodization of the history of psychology is presented, approaches and concepts related to the topic are considered; the importance of taking into account the psychological state of the patient, establishing effective interaction between the doctor and the patient, and the formation of professional communication of future doctors has been proven; within the framework of the post-non-classical type of scientific rationality, the data on the problem of the formation of the communicative competence of specialists in the medical field with the help of modern technology - ChatGPT (2022) chat bot, which accumulates the results of scientific research, was analyzed. Based on the results of the generalization, recommendations were determined for medical specialists to improve communication with persons with hearing impairments (use of sign language, consideration of psychological features and individual needs, specifics of auditory perception when using hearing aids, cochlear implants, etc.). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective. The need for scientific understanding of the revolutionary changes that have occurred associated with the situation of the COVID-19 pandemic, both in the organization of psychological and psychiatric care, and in the direction of developing effective treatment and prevention measures, determines the relevance of this study, the purpose of which is to study the clinical manifestations of psychopathological symptoms in patients, survivors of the COVID-19 disease, and develop a conceptual model for providing them with medical care in telemedicine. Materials and methods. We studied the psychopathological manifestations of post-covid syndrome in 129 patients who had recovered from COVID-19 and who applied to us for remote medical counseling psychological and psychiatric help for 10 months, from March to December 2020, using clinical psychopathological and psychodiagnostic test research methods. Results and Discussion. The high level of stress, anxiety and depression identified in the studied patients is primarily associated with the negative situation of the pandemic and the COVID-19 disease. A follow-up study proved the effectiveness of a treatment carried out in a telemedicine setting and combining cognitive-behavioral therapy with antidepressants and non-benzodiazepine tranquilizers. In patients who underwent a severe form of COVID-19, in the presence of premorbid chronic bronchopulmonary pathology, in addition to long-lasting psychopathological symptoms, somatic post-covid complications were also observed, and the stressfulness of the situation was perceived at a deeper personal level. For such patients, the course of treatment in telemedicine conditions should be extended and medical and psychological support provided during the entire period of convalescence. Conclusion. Chronic premorbid diseases of the bronchopulmonary and immune systems are predictors of long-term psychopathological symptomatology and the occurrence of post-covid somatic complications. The treatment tactics of patients with post-covid mental health disorders in telemedicine should be based on the protocols of cognitive-behavioral therapy for hypochondriacal and generalized anxiety disorder, in combination with antidepressants and tranquilizers of the non-benzodiazepine series, which ensures the stability of the positive results of therapeutic interventions, confirmed by our studies. The conceptual patientcentered model developed by us for the provision of psychological and psychiatric care for post-covid syndrome in telemedicine can be recommended as a universal algorithm for psycho-psychiatric interventions when providing remote assistance to patients with post-covid mental disorders. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract of the "Carl Rogers' humanistic psychology in medical education: Spaces and challenges": The problematization of places, roles and meanings of psychology in medical courses is necessary so that the curricular units linked to this field of knowledge contribute to the development of learnings, skills and competences necessary for humanized medical practice. This essay presents the theoretical foundations of Carl Rogers' Humanistic Psychology and advocates its use in the training of future doctors in educational practices consistent with the proposal of Person-Centered Therapy. It concludes that this theory may constitute guidance for theaching practice and curricular choices, despite the limits of general application in medical courses. The activities focused on the student's hability to identifie, express and reflect on their own feelings are the most consistent whit the theoretical foundations of Carl Rogers' Humanistic Psychology.

Certain presentations of Avoidant/Restrictive Food Intake Disorder (ARFID) and Somatic Symptom and Related Disorders (SSRDs) have conceptual overlap, namely, distress and impairment related to a physical symptom. This study compared characteristics of pediatric patients diagnosed with ARFID to those with gastrointestinal (GI)-related SSRD. A 5-year retrospective chart review at a tertiary care pediatric hospital comparing assessment data of patients with a diagnosis of ARFID (n = 62; 69% girls, M age = 14.08 years) or a GI-related SSRD (n = 37; 68% girls, M age = 14.25 years). Patients diagnosed with ARFID had a significantly lower percentage of median BMI than those with GI-related SSRD. Patients diagnosed with ARFID were most often assessed in the Eating Disorders Program, whereas patients diagnosed with an SSRD were most often assessed by Consultation-Liaison Psychiatry. Groups did not differ on demographics, psychiatric diagnoses, illness duration, or pre-assessment services/medications. GI symptoms were common across groups. Patients diagnosed with an SSRD had more co-occurring medical diagnoses. A subset (16%) of patients reported symptoms consistent with both diagnoses. Overlap is observed in the clinical presentation of pediatric patients diagnosed with ARFID or GI-related SSRD. Some group differences emerged, including anthropometric measurements and co-occurring medical conditions. Findings may inform diagnostic classification and treatment approach. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background The quality of the physician-patient relationship is associated with improved healthcare outcomes and patients’ complaints due to dissatisfaction. Factors that influence the quality of the physician-patient relationship include verbal communication, nonverbal communication, and clinical empathy. These factors have been studied from diverse theoretical approaches hindering their integration into a theoretical framework applicable in clinical practice and accessible for lay clinicians. Objective The aim of this paper is to put forward a psychodynamic framework that includes the factors associated with a better quality of the physician-patient relationship and is applicable in clinical practice and accessible for lay clinicians. Theoretical discussion Basic concepts necessary to comprehend transference and countertransference phenomena were outlined. Then, based on the concepts of transference and countertransference, a psychodynamic framework to understand and manage the physician-patient relationship was put forward. Conclusion This is the first paper that presents a psychodynamic framework applicable in clinical practice and accessible to lay clinicians for understanding and managing the physician-patient relationship. Additionally, this work could serve as introductory material to Balint groups.

The quality of the physician-patient relationship is associated with improved healthcare outcomes and patients' complaints due to dissatisfaction. Factors that influence the quality of the physician-patient relationship include verbal communication, nonverbal communication, and clinical empathy. These factors have been studied from diverse theoretical approaches hindering their integration into a theoretical framework applicable in clinical practice and accessible for lay clinicians. The aim of this paper is to put forward a psychodynamic framework that includes the factors associated with a better quality of the physician-patient relationship and is applicable in clinical practice and accessible for lay clinicians. Basic concepts necessary to comprehend transference and countertransference phenomena were outlined. Then, based on the concepts of transference and countertransference, a psychodynamic framework to understand and manage the physician-patient relationship was put forward. This is the first paper that presents a psychodynamic framework applicable in clinical practice and accessible to lay clinicians for understanding and managing the physician-patient relationship. Additionally, this work could serve as introductory material to Balint groups. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract Objective: to understand mothers' bereavement experiences regarding the loss of their newborn child in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit of a Brazilian university hospital. Methods: the study was designed by the clinical-qualitative method to understand the meaning of the emerging relationships of health scenarios. Sample consisted of six mothers. The sufficiency of the sample was verified through the saturation of the data. The data collection instrument was a semistructured interview with script of open questions, the collected material was recorded and transcribed in full. Thematic analysis was performed by two independent authors. Results: feelings and perceptions of the grieving process gave rise to three categories: 1. Guilt and fantasy of bereavement related to the death and grief for their children; 2. Relationships and ambiguities - the relationship between internal concerns and perception of external relations; 3. Fear, disbelief, abandonment and loneliness - questions about perception of the external environment. Conclusions: mothers' bereavement experience is mainly permeated by loneliness and abandonment related to feelings of guilt for not being able to keep their children alive. The difficult and definitive separation in the postpartum period, caused by death, brings fantasies of reunion with their child. Women show the need to realize grief, especially by recognizing their baby's identity.

The end of life care is recently regarded as a highly important research area in psychological disciplines such as medical psychology and thanatology. Psychosocial aspects, in addition to medical factors, also play a role in the care of dying patients and need to be better understood and taken into account in practice. The aim of this review was to explore psychosocial factors that influence the end of life care and decision-making process of physicians based on a literature review. Databases MEDLINE/Pubmed, Scopus a ProQuest Health and Medical Collection were systematically searched for a literature review. Considering selection criteria, the authors employed twenty-eight studies in English. Based on them, they identified the following physician-related psychosocial factors that affect processes: gender, age, professional experience and practice, spirituality, attitudes and beliefs, specialization, education and experience in end of life care, sociocultural and work environment. The authors then summarized the terminology of theoretical concepts used in the chosen studies and pointed out their heterogeneity. Research attention in this area and application of knowledge should lead to consideration of psychosocial factors affecting the end of life care and to improve the quality of life in patients, their family members, and health professionals as well. The findings can also serve as a valuable enrichment of the knowledge base for teaching undergraduate psychology students, participants in qualification course Psychologist in Health Care, and medical students. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

RESUMO As emoções dos médicos têm um papel importante na relação com o paciente, pois podem interferir em suas atitudes, percepções e nos processos de julgamento e decisão. O objetivo desta pesquisa foi analisar a resposta emocional dos médicos aos estímulos do International Affective Picture System (IAPS). Este estudo utilizou o método quantitativo e avaliou 30 médicos, homens e mulheres de diversas especialidades, que dedicassem parte (ou a totalidade) de seu tempo ao atendimento clínico no consultório, que tivessem no mínimo dois anos de experiência após a conclusão da residência médica e que atuassem em medicina convencional (clínica médica). Os instrumentos utilizados na análise foram: o questionário sociodemográfico, para análise das variáveis; o IAPS, composto por imagens afetivas capazes de induzir estados emocionais; e o Self-Assessment Manikin (SAM), para classificação das respostas emocionais por meio de duas escalas: prazer e alerta. Os resultados mostraram que, quanto à percepção emocional, não houve diferença entre os resultados da amostra e da população geral, mas houve diferença na relação com as variáveis sociodemográficas – idade, tempo de formado, tempo médio de atendimento (consulta) e horas semanais dedicadas ao trabalho no consultório –, concluindo-se que médicos mais velhos, com mais tempo de formados e que ficam mais tempo em consulta com o paciente se sentiram mais impactados diante dos estímulos emocionais do que os médicos mais jovens, com menos tempo de formados e que ficam menos com o paciente em consulta. Os resultados também mostraram que os médicos que dedicam mais horas semanais ao trabalho no consultório perceberam os estímulos de forma menos prazerosa que os médicos que trabalham menos tempo no consultório e que dividem seu tempo com outras atividades. São necessárias novas pesquisas e estudos para o aprofundamento do tema das emoções e de sua influência na prática médica, considerando amostras maiores, em contextos distintos e novas variáveis.

Introduction The generalist assistance at the Primary Attention is fundamental to face the increase of type 2 diabetes mellitus cases through the relationship physician-patient. This sets the therapeutic plan and its continuous review. Therapeutic Plan could be affected by the same psychocultural phenomena related to the increasing cases numbers of DM2. Therefore, new trends in Medical Psychology have been promoted during medical undergraduate course. These incorporate methods and concepts of Liberal Arts to develop specific psychosocial management skills to DM2 clinic. Objectives AIM: To understand the experience of medical students in the simulated care of DM2 cases in two different moments: 1) to diagnose and start treatment; 2) start insulinization. Methods METHOD: Clinical-Qualitative design; data collected through an semidirected interview of open-end questions in depth; thematic analysis generated categories discussed in light of Medical Psychology of psychodynamic framework. Results RESULTS: Ten clinical clerkship students attended as clinicians two cases of Standard Patients of DM2. They reported their reflections toward the role they should sustain: being doctor in front of the patient and their colleagues; difficulty to play the leading and show skills and knowledge in a scenario full of surprises and fantasies; an existential and professional gains in simulation activity; and considerations about responsible in conduct so impacting situations to patients. Conclusions FINAL CONSIDERATONS: The themes translate moments during their simulated attending experience in which they have not sustained their semblance – the intended rule. These could be enriched though group reflecting, supervisor discussion, and patient dialog in the process of developing Medical Psychology skills. Disclosure No significant relationships.

Introduction The Balint group emerged at the Tavistock Clinic in London in the early 1950s. Its creator was a doctor and psychoanalyst Michael Balint. It consisted of a group process, with meetings among general practitioners, in which non-conscious aspects of the professional-patient relationship were approached. We present how a proposal for implementation of a Balint Group has emerged, specifically for physicians and nurses who care for cancer patients. Is is a consequence of results obtained from a qualitative study conducted by a student of the professional master’s degree linked to a Clinical Oncology. Objectives To present a technical product, as required in a Brazilian professional master’s degree, as a result of research that studied reports of doctors and nurses who deal with usual difficulties of handling patients with HNC. Methods The group work is triggered by the report of a case brought by a participant, presenting a problem-situation in the management of his patient. The meeting leader seeks to understand the reactions reported by the presenter in the light of a psychodynamic approach. Results Expected results: the holding of a Balint group, perhaps monthly, in charge of a colleague who has knowledge in applied psychoanalysis, will allow insights to the participants who will bring them conditions to perceive “neurotic elements” in the relationship with their patient. Conclusions Final consideration: having accumulated decades of positive experience, Balint Groups must remain as an updated proposal for the work on emotional issues of professional teams, with emphasis on clinical services with the management of so-called “difficult patients”. Disclosure No significant relationships.

Introduction Contextualization: health professionals’ anguish towards the patient with head and neck cancer (HNC) permeates clinical issues: the location of the tumour, if advanced diagnosis, the psychosocial features of the patient. The perception, coming from patients as undesirable, refers to the conflict of how to deal with one’s own anguishes. Objectives AIM: To explore and interpret how anguish experienced by physicians and nurses are mobilized regarding to the clinical and psychosocial peculiarities of patients with HNC. Methods Strategies: Clinical-qualitative design; semi-directed interview with open-ended questions in depth. Trigger question: “Tell me about the management of the patient with …”. Ten interviewees (06 nurses and 04 resident doctors) from a university oncology outpatient. Intentional sample. Clinical-Qualitative Content Analysis with psychodynamic concepts. Findings validated by peers at the Laboratory of Clinical-Qualitative Research at the University of Campinas, Brazil. Results Topics: the treatment of the speeches resulted in three emerging categories: (1) Cancer is literally on the face: self-perception of peculiarities; (2) An appalling illness: dealing with the ‘deteriorated’; (3) To naturalize without trivializing: handling with their own anguish. Conclusions Final considerations: The anguish of health professionals who deals with the HNC patient consists of the feelings, which are not exposed, because they are not organized and neither understood as natural feelings. It is up to them to seek neutrality to minimize the anguish present in the conflict of not manifesting thoughts considered inadequate by the patient, avoiding moral judgments and conflicts. Balint groups are recommended to attend emotional demands of health professionals.

Copyright of Central Asian Journal of Art Studies is the property of Central Asian Journal of Art Studies and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Sono qui rivisti i percorsi di ricerca sviluppati in collaborazione con Marcello Cesa-Bianchi. Sono anzitutto descritti i mutamenti di scenario - sul piano scientifico e sociale - che negli anni '80 orientano gli sviluppi della medicina e che sollecitano l'adozione di un punto di vista psico-sociale nella ricerca. Sono poi illustrati i vari percorsi di ricerca focalizzati sui seguenti temi: professione medica e costruzione sociale della pratica medica, sviluppi della psicologia medica come disciplina, comunicazione sociale e prevenzione dei rischi di salute, qualità percepita e soddisfazione del cittadino per i servizi sanitari, culture e stili di salute della popolazione. Vengono discusse, infine, la rilevanza e l'attualità di questi percorsi di ricerca. The research paths developed in collaboration with Marcello Cesa-Bianchi are reviewed. First of all, the author describes the changes of scenario - both at a scientific and a social level - that in the 80's oriented the progress of medicine and that urged the adoption of a psycho-social point of view in research. Then the various research paths are illustrated, focusing on the following themes: medical profession and social construction of medical practice, development of medical psychology as a discipline, social communication and prevention of health risks, perceived quality and citizen satisfaction with health services, cultures and health styles of the population. Finally, the relevance and topicality of these research paths are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective To understand the knowledge, attitude, behavior and psychological status of novel corona virus pneumonia(COVID19) in medical students, and to provide scientific basis for health education and intervention of novel coronavirus pneumonia among medical university students. Methods The cluster sampling method was adopted, medical students of a certain university in Human who was from grade 2015 to grade 2019 including 5 major(Clinical medicine, Nursing, Acupuncture and massage, Medical laboratory science and Medical imaging technology) were surveyed voluntarily and anonymously by using the self designed questionnaire on the Questionnaire website on February 10-11, 2020. The questions included individual basis, knowledge attitude practice of novel coronavirus pneumonia(COVID 19), psychological states, and professional attitude. A total of 1,563 questionnaires were collected, of which 1558 were valid with an effective response rate of 99.68% . Results 1558 medical students had a good score of knowledge and attitude on novel coronavirus pneumonia, and a poor score of behavior. The scores of knowledge of the female group, the senior student group, the imageology specialty and nursing major group were significantly higher than those of other groups in the same category, the scores of attitude of the senior student group,the acupuncture and massage major group and the rural student group were significantly higher than those of other groups in the same category, and the scores of behavior of the male group, acupuncture and massage major group and the suburban student group were significantly higher than those of other groups in the same category, the differences were statistically significant (P<0.05 ). The scores of psychological of female students were higher than those of male students, and the scores on psychological of senior students were higher than those of junior students, the differences were statistically significant ( P<0.05). Conclusion Majority of students have a good understanding of knowledge on novel corona virus pneumonia, and a positive attitude, but a poor behavior. There are differences in knowledge, attitude, behavior and psychological state of novel corona virus pneumonia among medical students of different gender, grade, major and dwelling place, health education and psychological intervention should be strengthened for focus groups. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Psychological research into healthcare opened the door to understanding people's emotional reactions when experiencing events perceived as life-threatening. This is the case of the current outbreak of the novel Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) that has recently been declared “a public health emergency of international concern (PHEIC)” by the World Health Organization (WHO). The response to an influenza pandemic might generate remarkable stress and emotional turmoil to healthcare providers who work during the outbreak. Prior experience with disasters, pandemics, and major traumatic events indicates that enhanced support to healthcare professionals enabling them to become aware of their own emotions and effectively share their perspective and lived experience with patients can help them in remaining efficient and focused during these stressful events. This outbreak marks a vital moment where healthcare systems can endorse an “epidemic of empathy” aimed at bringing science and humanism together to benefit patients and consolidate citizens' trust in healthcare providers during this and future healthcare crisis. Perhaps, the greatest opportunity for managing people fears during health emergencies—like the COVID-19 one—lies, in the short term, in restoring our connections with each other. Today, we are all called to rebuild a sense of community and the ties that bind us together as human beings.

Abstract Background Dental Anxiety is still today one of the most common fears and is therefore a great challenge for every dental practitioner. The aim of this study was to identify patients with dental anxiety using the Dental Anxiety Scale and comparing different levels of dental anxiety with oral health using DMF-T and DMF-S index. Methods This study questioned 1549 patients over the course of three years (2002–2005). DAS questionnaires were handed out before treatment and the state of oral health was evaluated using DMF-T and DMF-S. Results There is no significant relation between high anxiety and the global DMF-T Score (p = 0.237), missing teeth (p = 0.034) and filled teeth (p = 0.237). There is however a significant increase in destroyed teeth, the higher the level of dental anxiety in the patient (p

At present, with the introduction of new, more advanced dialysis technologies and methods of drug correction, which led to a significant increase in the life expectancy of patients receiving replacement therapy by chronic hemodialysis, the question of the mental and psychological state of these patients becomes more and more relevant. The aim of the study was to determine the severity and structure of affective disorders in patients with chronic renal failure who are being treated with hemodialysis. There is a significant frequency of comorbid mental disorders of the borderline level in patients with chronic renal failure receiving replacement therapy with dialysis methods, mainly of the anxiety and depressive spectrum. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

OBJECTIVE: Burnout is a common response to stress and is pervasive among medical students. An increasing proportion of students are taking "gap years" following undergraduate education and before matriculation to medical school. This study evaluates rates of and risk factors for burnout, with a particular focus on students who took gap years. METHODS: Burnout was measured utilizing the abbreviated Maslach Burnout Inventory. The primary independent variable was whether a student took one or more gap years prior to medical school matriculation. Other variables included age, gender, year in medical school, choice in specialty, and status in a combined baccalaureate-M.D. program. Bivariate and multivariate regression was performed to elucidate relationships between student-level variables and burnout. RESULTS: A total of 31.4% of respondents were found to be experiencing high levels of burnout. In multivariate analysis, gap years were independently associated with lower levels of burnout (p = 0.041). Further, burnout decreased in a stepwise fashion with students who took 0 (p = 0.350), 1 (p = 0.192), and 2+ (p = 0.048) gap years. CONCLUSIONS: Students taking gap years exhibited significantly lower levels of burnout than those who did not. Efforts should be made in pre-medical and medical school curricula to better support students in their paths to medical school. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Psychological research into healthcare opened the door to understanding people's emotional reactions when experiencing events perceived as life-threatening. This is the case of the current outbreak of the novel Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) that has recently been declared "a public health emergency of international concern (PHEIC)" by the World Health Organization (WHO). The response to an influenza pandemic might generate remarkable stress and emotional turmoil to healthcare providers who work during the outbreak. Prior experience with disasters, pandemics, and major traumatic events indicates that enhanced support to healthcare professionals enabling them to become aware of their own emotions and effectively share their perspective and lived experience with patients can help them in remaining efficient and focused during these stressful events. This outbreak marks a vital moment where healthcare systems can endorse an "epidemic of empathy" aimed at bringing science and humanism together to benefit patients and consolidate citizens' trust in healthcare providers during this and future healthcare crisis. Perhaps, the greatest opportunity for managing people fears during health emergencies—like the COVID-19 one—lies, in the short term, in restoring our connections with each other. Today, we are all called to rebuild a sense of community and the ties that bind us together as human beings. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Paediatric medical psychology is a specialised field within clinical health psychology focussed on the behavioural, developmental, and psychological needs of children, adolescents, and families in healthcare contexts. Paediatric medical psychologists address a myriad of problems by employing evidence-based evaluations and interventions in order to support the well-being of paediatric patients and their families. In this paper, we provide an overview of paediatric medical psychology including the education and training required to be a paediatric psychologist followed by common problems addressed by paediatric psychology, the settings paediatric psychologists work in, and the services they provide. Discussion concludes with future application of integrating paediatric psychology throughout the continuum of care to optimise adjustment and health of paediatric patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revue d'Orthopédie Dento-Faciale is the property of Parresia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Objective: to understand mothers' bereavement experiences regarding the loss of their newborn child in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit of a Brazilian university hospital. Methods: the study was designed by the clinical-qualitative method to understand the meaning of the emerging relationships of health scenarios. Sample consisted of six mothers. The sufficiency of the sample was verified through the saturation of the data. The data collection instrument was a semi-structured interview with script of open questions, the collected material was recorded and transcribed in full. Thematic analysis was performed by two independent authors. Results: feelings and perceptions of the grieving process gave rise to three categories: 1. Guilt and fantasy of bereavement related to the death and grief for their children; 2. Relationships and ambiguities - the relationship between internal concerns and perception of external relations; 3. Fear, disbelief, abandonment and loneliness - questions about perception of the external environment. Conclusions: mothers' bereavement experience is mainly permeated by loneliness and abandonment related to feelings of guilt for not being able to keep their children alive. The difficult and definitive separation in the postpartum period, caused by death, brings fantasies of reunion with their child. Women show the need to realize grief, especially by recognizing their baby's identity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objetivo: describir la relación entre la presencia de esquemas mal adaptativos tempranos del área de la autovaloración y el índice de satisfacción sexual en adultos, hombres y mujeres con preferencia heterosexual, del área metropolitana de Medellín, Antioquia. La satisfacción sexual es un tema de interés de estudio propio de la psicología, pero que ha sido tratado por la ginecología y la urología en nuestro país. Los esquemas mal adaptativos tempranos son estructuras cognitivo-afectivas, con una alta carga emocional que se desarrollan en los primeros años de vida a partir de las interacciones del bebé con los cuidadores y que posteriormente se relacionan directa o indirectamente con trastornos y problemáticas psicológicas. Metodología: investigación cuantitativa, estudio analítico de tipo no experimental, de corte transversal. No se manipularon deliberadamente las variables ni se influyó sobre ellas. Se establecieron comparaciones y se analizaron las relaciones entre el área de la autovaloración de los esquemas mal adaptativos tempranos y el índice de satisfacción sexual en adultos jóvenes del área metropolitana. Resultados: del total de la muestra el 59.3% de la población, tiene activos uno o varios esquemas mal adaptativos tempranos del área de la autovaloración; se encontró que el 60.3% de los sujetos con esquemas activos en el área de autovaloración está insatisfecho sexualmente. Conclusiones: se confirman relaciones estadísticas (p

Despite the shift toward a biopsychosocial paradigm of medicine, many physicians and mental health professionals (MHPs) find it difficult to treat patients with psycho-somatic disorders. This situation is particularly troublesome due to the high prevalence of these conditions. Although progress has been made over the last few decades in understanding mechanisms underlying the mind-body relationship, disparities remain between research and its clinical implementation. One possible reason for this is the lack of a comprehensive, agreed-upon model that incorporates a biopsychosocial framework and is rooted in an understanding of the various psychobiological pathways. Such a model would enable better communication between physicians and MHPs, allowing them to provide coordinated, stratified treatment. In this paper, four archetypal case studies, together with standard care options are presented to illustrate the current state of affairs. A four-tiered conceptual model of mind-body interrelationships based on pathophysiological and psychopathological mechanisms is suggested to help optimize the treatment of somatic complaints. This Four-Cluster model consists of: (1) Organic Conditions: Structural, or degenerative processes that can affect mood and psychological responses but are not clearly exacerbated by stress. (2) Stress Exacerbated Diseases: Biological disorders with a distinct pathophysiology, such as inflammatory or autoimmune diseases, whose progression is clearly exacerbated by stress. (3) Functional Somatic Syndromes: Conditions wherein heightened sensitivity to stimuli together with hyper-reactivity of the autonomic system form a “vicious cycle” of mutually enhancing learning processes. These processes involve biological mechanisms, such as central sensitization and psychological mechanisms such as catastrophization and selective attention. (4) Conversion Disorder: Physical manifestations of psychological distress, expressed somatically. Symptoms are solely an expression of problems in patients' psychic functioning and are not caused by biological pathology. Finally, suggested management of the aforementioned case studies is presented through the lens of the Four-Cluster model and a proposed integration of our model with existing theories is discussed. As it is rooted in an understanding of psychobiological pathways of illness, the proposed model enables a new way to discern which form of mind-body interaction is manifesting in different diseases and proposes a way to coordinate treatment plans accordingly, to enhance the accuracy and efficacy of care.

O estudo das emoções na prática clínica expõe sua influência na relação médico-paciente. Este artigo apresenta os resultados de uma pesquisa qualitativa cujo objetivo foi explorar o discurso dos médicos sobre as próprias emoções no atendimento a pacientes. Das entrevistas com oito médicos foram extraídos os seguintes temas de análise: função apostólica e o entendimento da emoção; defesas e estratégias perante as emoções; e a companhia de investimento mútuo: frustração e consequências. Os médicos demonstraram pouca percepção da influência das emoções sobre a própria atuação, apesar de terem relatado situações nas quais foram afetados por elas. Revelaram sofrimento em razão da dificuldade de elaborar conteúdos emocionais, usando distanciamento afetivo como um mecanismo de defesa. Conclui-se que a gestão emocional por parte do médico maximiza recursos na interação com o paciente, lançando novas perspectivas para a atuação médica.