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In 2024, the Medical Nutrition Research Unit (MNRU) celebrates forty years since its foundation. Within the framework of this celebration, we have prepared a special supplement for the Mexican Institute of Social Security (IMSS) Medical Journal, with the purpose of spreading useful information for health professionals and society, regarding to two lines of research that have been decisive for the historical development and consolidation of our workgroup: the therapeutic use of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids and the study of vitamin D. This Editorial also aims to briefly describe the global and national environment of nutritional status that prevails today, outline some characteristics regarding food and nutrition in Mexico, and report the findings and lines of research of enhanced scope and relevance during these 40 years of the MNRU. Following the new research guidelines of the IMSS and its Health Research Coordination, we are convinced that translational research is an effective way to benefit and improve the quality of life of citizens, facilitate the implementation and funding of new research, and establish an open dialogue with society and the scientific community of all disciplines, to address and resolve the nutritional and health problems that prevail in Mexico. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of GeSec: Revista de Gestao e Secretariado is the property of Sindicato das Secretarias e Secretarios do Estado de Sao Paulo (SINSESP) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The aim of this article is to carry out a comparative analysis of two documentary sources, the Erário Mineral (1735) by the surgeon Luís Gomes Ferreira and "Da natureza da mulher" by the Greek physicist Hippocrates. The intention is to point out that the use of medicinal elements and substances in the 18th century for the treatment of uterine dysfunctions was still practically the same as that listed by the Greek physicists. The methodology used in this research is descriptive and explanatory. Our conclusion is that, based on the recipe for the triaga brasílica cited by Ferreira, four elements were identified that were used for these dysfunctions. At the same time, the similarity between their use and the substitutions made by the surgeon in altering the old recipes, due to the new context and flora available in the New World, is noted. These elements are: rue, wine, butua and purga de rom. Portuguese medical institutions still reproduced and promoted the circulation of medicinal knowledge for women's illnesses based on the Hippocratic-Galenic theory. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article seeks to analyze how and why the "doctoral theses" of medical graduates from the faculties of Bahia and Rio de Janeiro, between 1870 and 1930, increasingly addressed topics related to the "criminal issue". He argues that, in this context, the doctor was neither a mere expert nor a social scientist or criminologist, but, without abandoning his sphere of technical competence, he is seeking to establish his space of power and prestige within the country's dominant elite, linked to the traditional area of Law. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of GeSec: Revista de Gestao e Secretariado is the property of Sindicato das Secretarias e Secretarios do Estado de Sao Paulo (SINSESP) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Gaceta Médica de México is the property of Publicidad Permanyer SLU and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This study investigates the differences in patient care across various organisational forms of general practitioners (GPs) in Upper Austria.

Introducción: La empatía es un atributo que contribuye a una atención humanizada de los pacientes y aumenta la probabilidad de éxito del tratamiento. Objetivos: Medir los niveles de empatía y sus dimensiones y diagnosticar el comportamiento empático de los estudiantes de medicina y enfermería. Materiales y Métodos: Estudio no experimental de corte transversal en el que se evaluó a estudiantes colombianos de enfermería y medicina mediante la Escala Jefferson de Empatía (EJE). Se utilizó un análisis factorial, un análisis de invarianza y un análisis de varianza (ANOVA) bifactorial, y los datos se compararon con puntos de corte específicos para cada uno de los programas. Se estimó el tamaño del efecto y la potencia de las pruebas de las comparaciones realizadas. Resultados: El modelo teórico para el constructo “empatía” se ajusta con los datos observados y se confirmó la invariabilidad del modelo entre los grupos. Se observaron diferencias entre los estudiantes de enfermería y los de medicina, así como entre sexos, con resultados favorables en el grupo de mujeres. Discusión: Las diferencias encontradas entre estudiantes podrían deberse a las diferencias curriculares de los programas y a los intereses de los estudiantes, mientras que las relacionadas con el sexo podrían deberse a características observadas en la población latinoamericana. Las deficiencias de empatía detectadas permitieron dar un diagnóstico para los estudiantes de los programas de enfermería y medicina. Conclusiones: Con base en los hallazgos, es posible proporcionar un diagnóstico del nivel de empatía de los estudiantes de ambos programas identificando las deficiencias observadas en las dimensiones de la empatía.

Umetna inteligenca (UI) se v medicini širi in postaja vse bolj pomembna, saj ponuja večjo natančnost pri zdravljenju in zmanjšuje obremenitev zdravstvenega osebja. Vendar pa njena uporaba odpira številna pravna in etična vprašanja, zlasti v zvezi z razkrivanjem informacij bolnikom. Obstajata dva pristopa k razkritju uporabe UI: prvi zagovarja popolno transparentnost in izčrpno razkritje vseh informacij bolnikom, medtem ko drugi priznava strokovno presojo zdravnikov pri odločanju, katere informacije so pomembne za razkritje. Čeprav bi lahko razkritje vseh informacij povečalo zaupanje bolnikov, lahko hkrati poveča tudi zmedo in njihove strahove. V praksi bi moral zdravnik izbrati najboljši pristop, ki bi zadovoljil potrebe bolnikov po informacijah in jim omogočil sprejem t.i. informirane odločitve. Poleg tega je zanesljivost UI ključnega pomena za krepitev zaupanja bolnikov v UI. To zahteva ustrezno usposabljanje zdravnikov o delovanju algoritmov in omejitvah UI. Vprašanja odškodninske odgovornosti zaradi uporabe UI so kompleksna, pri čemer obstaja več možnih pristopov k rešitvi, vključno z različnimi oblikami odgovornosti in z uvedbo nekrivdnih odškodninskih sistemov. Kljub trenutnim izzivom in dilemam pa je jasno, da je UI v medicini še v fazi razvoja, kar sproža vrsto vprašanj, ki jih bo treba še raziskati in razrešiti v prihodnosti.

La brecha de inequidad en cuidados de salud y atención médica va en constante aumento, sin que los derechos humanos —derecho a la salud— ni la globalizante bioética logren mitigarla o sensibilizar sobre sus consecuencias deletéreas. Este texto reflexiona sobre una medicina entendida como bien común. Un bien común requiere el reconocimiento de una antropología común, expresada en tres condiciones antropológicas trascendentales para la supervivencia y la integración social: relacionalidad, trascendencia mundana y trascendencia de sí. Estas condiciones son constitutivas del cuerpo vivido que percibe el entorno y el cuerpo vivo que actúe en y sobre el mundo. Percepción y acción son susceptibles de daños que reducen la competencia vital del cuerpo. La mantención funcional del cuerpo en sus condiciones antropológicas es tarea de la medicina: cuidar, curar y rehabilitar al cuerpo desmedrado que ha de ser un bien común indiscriminadamente accesible y disponible para todo ser humano.

Copyright of Revista Ciência & Saúde Coletiva is the property of Associacao Brasileira de Pos-Graduacao em Saude Coletiva and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista Ciência & Saúde Coletiva is the property of Associacao Brasileira de Pos-Graduacao em Saude Coletiva and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of GeSec: Revista de Gestao e Secretariado is the property of Sindicato das Secretarias e Secretarios do Estado de Sao Paulo (SINSESP) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The purpose of this research was to understand how second-semester students of the Medicine and Surgery academic program at Universidad del Valle learn about the main ideas of Human Macroscopic Anatomy (HMA). As a methodological proposal, a case study was carried out. Students' knowledge and understanding of HMA was assessed. For this, the Pedagogical Content Knowledge (PCK) model was taken into account, which includes the motivations and interests for learning, as well as the student' previous ideas. A participant observation of the theoretical and practical classes was carried out for 16 weeks, recording observations in a field diary, and obtaining audiovisual material. All the information was organized in an analytical index, creating codes for the analysis. The analysis, interpretation and representation of results were done using the ATLAS.ti 22 software. It was found that students learn the main ideas of HMA through a process that implies commitment to their academic training, where interests, motivations, prior knowledge and participation are involved. It is important that different study methods are used during this process, and that there is the support from the professor and the institution, who should favor the learning and immersion of the students into the academic world and university culture, through the design of proposals that integrate teaching, learning and assessment, and also take into account the social and cultural realities of their students. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Acta Stomatologica Croatica is the property of Acta Stomatologica Croatica and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

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Copyright of Romanian Journal of Family Medicine / Revista Română de Medicina Familiei is the property of Media DOM Express and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Zeitschrift für Romanische Philologie is the property of De Gruyter and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Environmental & Social Management Journal / Revista de Gestão Social e Ambiental is the property of Environmental & Social Management Journal and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista Foco (Interdisciplinary Studies Journal) is the property of Revista Foco and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Resumo A fim de compreender a percepção de estudantes de medicina sobre a saúde mental e sua relação com o cotidiano da graduação médica, realizou-se estudo qualitativo por meio de entrevistas semiestruturadas com 24 estudantes de uma universidade pública de Minas Gerais. A análise temática ou categorial dessas entrevistas apontou concepções sobre saúde mental relacionadas à perspectiva biomédica e ao paradigma de atenção psicossocial. Os principais problemas identificados foram: sobrecarga, pressão por desempenho, competitividade, relacionamento com professores e questões relacionadas à organização e dinâmica do curso. Não foram apresentadas críticas ou discussões sobre como esses fatores geradores de sofrimento poderiam ser transformados ou superados. A persistência de elementos geradores de sofrimento psíquico no cotidiano da graduação e a impossibilidade ou dificuldade de pensar outras maneiras de lidar com as exigências do processo formativo apontam para elementos negativos da sociedade atual, caracterizada pelo valorização imperativa do desempenho assumida subjetivamente pelos sujeitos.

O presente artigo incide sobre a atuação de profissionais médicos através de plataforma de compartilhamento de vídeos. O objetivo é discutir a atuação de médicos e médicas através do canal do Youtube e as repercussões trabalhistas. A metodologia emprega a abordagem qualitativa com revisão de literatura e análise de dados estatísticos. Observa-se que houve um crescimento de canais com temáticas médicas no Youtube a partir de 2020, mas pouco se tem estudado sobre esse crescimento e as repercussões sobre a atividade professoral, a propaganda, a concorrência e a viração laboral. Esse artigo tem caráter interdisciplinar e buscar estimular a pesquisa sobre o mesmo.

Objetivo: Descrever a experiência de um evento que tratou da relação entre Medicina, Arte e Humanização na Saúde. Métodos: Tratou-se de um relato de experiência, com abordagem crítica e reflexiva sob o olhar dos estudantes da Liga Acadêmica de Medicina de Família e Comunidade. Resultados: Nas mediações realizadas por artistas e profissionais da saúde, ficou evidente a receptividade dos participantes em relação ao tema, que trouxe a importante compreensão de que, em interseção com Medicina, a Arte é uma ferramenta terapêutica que pode ser utilizada na promoção da saúde e na prevenção de doenças. Conclusões: As oficinas e rodas de conversas foram importantes para a emancipação dos participantes sobre o cuidado humanizado e a necessidade do trabalho integral e interdisciplinar.

RESUMO Introdução: O modelo tradicional de ensino em que o professor é o mentor do processo educativo, tendo enfoque em extensas aulas expositivas, ainda é bastante predominante nas instituições de ensino de diferentes níveis de escolaridade. Esse cenário pode ser considerado incongruente com a nova era tecnológica e o novo modo de pensar. Em contrapartida, a gamificação é uma metodologia ativa que visa tornar o aluno o centro do aprendizado, a fim de aumentar o interesse dele e melhorar a absorção do conteúdo. Objetivo: O presente estudo visa analisar a percepção de alunos do segundo semestre de um curso de Medicina sobre a utilização de um jogo que contempla os principais conceitos da fisiologia renal. Método: Trata-se de um estudo descritivo, do tipo prospectivo. A atividade consistiu em uma dinâmica que usou um jogo de tabuleiro com cartas sobre a fisiologia renal para 104 alunos. Em seguida, foi aplicado um questionário com 11 perguntas, majoritariamente objetivas, cujas principais variáveis investigadas foram a experiência prévia com a gamificação, a adequação da duração da aula prática, como os discentes avaliaram o uso da gamificação da aula prática, entre outras. Resultado: Os resultados mostraram que a maioria dos alunos afirmou ser esse tipo de metodologia estimulante (93,3%) e que auxilia no estudo dos assuntos propostos (94,2%), consolidando os temas já vistos em sala de aula pelo método tradicional. Também foi pontuado pelos estudantes que a melhor maneira de assimilar o conteúdo seria adicionar a gamificação, após o método tradicional de exposição dialogada (61,5%). Quando questionados sobre a percepção do uso de gamificação nas aulas práticas, a maioria a classificou como ótima (65,4%) ou boa (30,8%). Conclusão: Diante dos resultados expostos, pode-se concluir que a gamificação se mostrou uma excelente aliada à aula teórica tradicional, servindo como mecanismo de sedimentação e aumento de interesse para os discentes.

En las últimas décadas, se han desarrollado nuevos materiales como son los bionanomateriales, resultado del trabajo interdisciplinario reuniendo los conocimientos de la biología molecular, la nanotecnología, la medicina y la ciencia de los materiales, entre otras disciplinas. El término bionanomateriales engloba materiales producidos a partir de diversos elementos biológicos, como plantas, bacterias, hongos, péptidos, ácidos nucleicos, entre otros, materiales híbridos que contienen una parte biológica dentro de un sistema nanométrico, y nanomateriales convencionales encapsulados o inmovilizados con una biomolécula. De tal forma, el término engloba tanto materiales con moléculas biológicas en su totalidad o, parcialmente, como nanomateriales biosintetizados los cuales tienen usos biológicos, incluyendo biomoléculas o nanopartículas fabricadas con gran área específica, biocompatibilidad y adaptabilidad en diferentes ecosistemas.

As universidades, de acordo com as Diretrizes Curriculares Nacionais (DCN) para o curso de Medicina, têm a responsabilidade de oferecer abordagens que integrem ensino, pesquisa e extensão, fortalecendo o conhecimento científico dos estudantes e aproximando-os da prática profissional. Nesse contexto, a monitoria acadêmica surge como uma metodologia ativa, configurando-se como uma importante estratégia de extensão. Este relato de experiência descreve as contribuições da monitoria acadêmica no processo de ensino-aprendizagem durante a graduação em Medicina, a partir das vivências obtidas em uma Instituição de Ensino Superior (IES) no semestre de 2023.1. A experiência permitiu observar como o programa de monitoria pode contribuir para o aperfeiçoamento acadêmico, ao oferecer recursos que promovem maior confiança, precisão e interesse pela carreira docente.

Introducción: el estrés es un fenómeno contemporáneo que afecta a la población mundial y a los estudiantes universitarios, este factor pudiese ser uno de los que interviene en la calidad de sueño, la cual es importante de cuidar sobre todo en los alumnos debido a su relevancia en el proceso de aprendizaje, y por otro lado la actividad física puede afectar tanto en cómo manejar los niveles de estrés o prevenir trastornos del sueño, es por ello que este estudio tiene como objetivo relacionar los niveles de estrés con la calidad del sueño y la actividad física en estudiantes de medicina. Métodos: se desarrolló un estudio descriptivo, correlacional y transversal basado en diferentes estudios. Se analizaron las respuestas de 116 estudiantes de Medicina de la Universidad de Magallanes mediante tres evaluaciones: Escala de Estrés Percibido, Cuestionario Internacional de Actividad Física (IPAQ) y Test de Pittsburgh. Resultados: los estudiantes de Medicina presentaron una correlación positiva (p=0,4, p

La presente investigación trata de plasmar el asentamiento de un nuevo modelo de profesional sanitario a lo largo de la Baja Edad Media. Tomando como marco geográfico el País Vasco y Navarra, se analiza el proceso por el que los médicos instruidos en las universidades lograron la hegemonía en las directrices sanitarias. Este paulatino cambio de paradigma se verá reflejado en la preponderancia social que habrían adquirido los médicos en los albores de la modernidad. De este modo, estos profesionales de la sanidad ocuparon unos puestos de relevancia en la estructura social de las villas y ciudades, que se acompañaron de un incremento notable en sus salarios.

RESUMO Objetivo: A Oftalmologia é a área médica dedicada a cuidar da saúde ocular dos indivíduos e está presente em todos os meios de atenção à saúde. Sua correta compreensão é imprescindível para o correto manejo das afecções oculares e visuais. O objetivo do estudo foi analisar o nível do conhecimento oftalmológico geral dos acadêmicos de Medicina que já cursaram a disciplina de Oftalmologia de uma universidade do Sul de Santa Catarina. Métodos: O estudo foi do tipo transversal. A coleta de dados se deu por meio da plataforma Formulários Google. Foram coletados 242 formulários de acadêmicos do 6° ao 12° semestre. Resultados: Verificou-se uma média geral de acerto de 32,7%, nenhuma questão obteve mais de 80% de acerto, e não houve relação entre o semestre do acadêmico com seu desempenho. O percentual de acerto entre o gênero feminino foi de 34,1% (143), contra 30,6% (99) do gênero masculino. Conclusões: Concluiu-se que o nível de conhecimento oftalmológico dos acadêmicos foi insatisfatório em todos os semestres analisados, e que medidas para subsidiar melhorias curriculares podem ser empregadas, visando um melhor conhecimento em Oftalmologia aos futuros médicos.

En este manuscrito se aborda de manera sucinta la huella y las cuestiones éticas que plantea el desarrollo y el empleo de la inteligencia artificial en la vida cotidiana. Inicialmente llevamos a cabo una introducción acerca de las connotaciones de las interacciones de la inteligencia artificial y las personas. Posteriormente con mayor detalle, se adentra en su génesis, así como el impacto de su empleo, haciendo hincapié esencialmente en la medicina y sus dilemas éticos que plantea en el uso de la procuración de la salud en las personas.

El artículo analiza las representaciones de los médicos en la cultura visual decimonónica en España y en Francia. El análisis de las imágenes, que estaban en gran parte fuera del control de los profesionales, refleja bien las grandes transformaciones en la profesión y en la ciencia médica (prestamos más atención a la primera vertiente) y también las grandes tensiones internas en la profesión durante aquella época: el afán de situarse como individuos y como colectivo entre as élites sociales, la oscilación entre el énfasis en el heroísmo desinteresado y la voluntad y necesidad de reclamar honorarios dignos de un caballero, las pugnas en torno al lugar que debían ocupar las mujeres en e campo de la salud. Desde una perspectiva comparada y transnacional, el artículo moviliza la cultura visual para entender el lugar de clase social y de género en la transformación de la medicina no tanto como ciencia, sino como profesión.

This article explores contemporary discourses of deviation in early twentieth-century Colombia. Through analysis of a presidential assassination attempt in 1906, known as the Crime of Barrocolorado, it discusses the social construction of notions of criminality and danger in the light of the history of emotions. The assault on the president triggered a series of commentaries and reactions that revolved around anarchism, medicine, and criminology, topics that are dissected and connected here in search of their emotional components. In this way, the study brings forth the importance of emotions in the construction of social and political ideas in the past.

Izhodišča: Uvedba klinične prakse v začetne letnike študija pomeni uvedba zgodnjega stika z bolnikom in priložnost, da se v učni proces dejavno vključijo klinični mentorji. Namen prispevka je ugotoviti, kako so študenti ocenili izpolnjevanje zastavljenih učnih ciljev, ter predstaviti analizo kvantitativnih in kvalitativnih ocen pouka prve generacije študentov prvega letnika medicine in dentalne medicine o obvezni klinični praksi v študijskem letu 2021/22. Metode: Med študenti 1. letnikov medicine in dentalne medicine smo izvedli za študente obvezno anonimno anketo ob koncu izvajanja klinične prakse v študijskem letu 2021/22. Sestavljena je bila iz vprašanj zaprtega tipa, pri katerih je bila uporabljena Likertova skala z oceno od 1 do 5, in vprašanj odprtega tipa. Kvantitativne podatke smo analizirali z uporabo metod deskriptivne statistike in Mann-Whitneyevega testa za dva neodvisna vzorca, kvalitativno zbrane podatke smo analizirali z deskriptivno analizo prejetih opisnih odgovorov študentov. Rezultati: Anketo so izpolnili 304 študentje (100 % odziv), med katerimi je bilo 245 študentov medicine (80,6 %) in 59 (19,4 %) študentov dentalne medicine. Število študentk je bilo 271, kar je predstavljalo 71,4 % udeležencev. Študenti so poročali, da so bili učni cilji v celoti izpolnjeni. Pretežno so bili zadovoljni z usvojitvijo kliničnih veščin in veščin nudenja nujne medicinske pomoči. Pomembno slabše so usvojitev kliničnih veščin ocenili študentje dentalne medicine (Mann-Whitney 8689,5; p =0,009). Najbolje ocenjeni del celotnega predmeta je bila prav praksa v kliničnem okolju, ki je bila ocenjena z mediano 5 (interkvartilni razmik 0). Vlogo mentorja so študenti ocenili izjemno pozitivno, kar 288 (94,7 %) študentov bi namreč svojega mentorja zanesljivo priporočilo kolegom. Zaključki: Študenti so klinično prakso v prvem letniku ocenili kot izjemno pozitivno izkušnjo. Najvišjo oceno so podelili kliničnim mentorjem. Prepoznani vlogi mentorjev klinične prakse v izobraževanju študentov medicine in dentalne medicine bo zato sledila še formalna ureditev statusa mentorjev klinične prakse.

Our mind implements thinking shortcuts that influence our decisions and lead us into reasoning errors (bias). No one (not even the expert) is immune to bias, these advantages consistently influence clinical practice. The article specifically describes authority bias. After describing some examples, that could also be of interest to clinical practice, it underlines the need to increase the professional’s awareness and critical thinking in order to reduce the risk of error in diagnostic field. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Magic, witchcraft and miracles have accompanied medicine since the beginning of mankind. At first, the causes of diseases were belived to be supernatural, but progressively, with the development of knowledge and the advent of science, more rational and objective explanations were found. Rationality was based on concepts, judgments and reasoning that followed logical rules. All of these elements then formed new ideas, which did not accumulate chaotically but were organized into sets and ordered systems, called theories. Objectivity, in turn, was related to the search for factual truths that aligned with the object of study, confirming that ideas corresponded with the facts through observation and experimentation, thus making them reproducible. During their evolution, the new ideas were confronted with numerous theological prejudices, especially in the Middle Ages. This period was dominated by Catholic Christianity and caused a severe stagnation of medicine. Religion and superstition hindered progress: people believed in the efficacy of sacred relics and the laying on of hands as well as in diabolical possessions and healing through miracles. In this evolution, many thinkers stopped to seriously reflect on and analyze what miracles actually were. Among many philosophers, it was the Dutch Baruch Spinoza and the English David Hume, who in the 17th and 18th centuries, respectively, provided the clearest and most compelling answers. Even in the 21st century, despite the successes of scientific medicine, many people continue to believe in supernatural healings. Modern science maintains that these cases arise due to errors in critical thinking, misunderstandings or the use of flawed logic. This article attempts to explain the reasons that promote the persistance of this type of mindset, how pseudomedicine uses it and how we can address events that seem inexplicable, especially in the medical field. Objectivity and reason have given us centuries of progress, and we must not abandon them. True "miraculous healings" are the result of the hard and careful work of scientists, physicians and researchers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of this review is to provide an overview of the status of the use of ozone therapy in medicine and dentistry, based on a search for scientific articles and clinical studies. A search in the PubMed search engine revealed a positive trend, namely a significant increase in clinical research in the period from 2015. to date, especially in the last three years, indicating an increasing interest in clinical application. The development of safe devices and application methods contributes to this. Ozone was discovered over a hundred years ago and has since been used in many areas, including medicine. Numerous studies have demonstrated the positive effect of ozone on antioxidant capacity and on modulations in the vascular, haematological and immunological systems, as well as its effectiveness as an adjunct to conventional therapies. The strong oxidising effect of ozone enables the suppression of almost all microorganisms, which is why ozone exhibits bactericidal, virucidal and fungicidal properties. However, despite the positive effects that enable its broad application in medicine, the use of ozone in dentistry has not shown the expected effectiveness. The local application of ozone as an antimicrobial agent for the non-surgical treatment of periodontal diseases is a good tool to support periodontal therapy [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Education has been enshrined in the 1991 Political Constitution as a social, economic, and cultural right. Consequently, the State is obliged to guarantee access to all inhabitants of the national territory at all educational levels, including higher education and specifically to all academic programs, regardless of their cost or if the institution offering them is not of a public nature. The purpose of this work is to analyze how the State can ensure access to undergraduate medicine programs offered by private universities. This would be accomplished through financing models, such as Income Contingent Loans (ICL), by assessing the costs of tuition for this program in various institutions across the country. Additionally, the investment in academic training will be compared to the economic and labor situation of the recent graduate in order to recoup it. This work was based on a systematic documentary review that included doctrine, jurisprudence, and studies conducted worldwide on this subject. Pursuing a medical degree at a private university in Colombia entails a significant investment. Although the State could finance this education through models like ICL to fulfill its role as a guarantor of access to higher education, the current economic and labor conditions of medical professionals could jeopardize meeting the obligations incurred for their academic training through this educational financing option. Based on the obtained results, financing a medicine program at a private higher education institution in Colombia using the ICL model could pose a financial risk for the State. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Our aim is to relate the linguistic features, the linguistic-discursive quality, the disciplinary evaluation and the perception of self-efficacy in writing of the genre Clinical History. In this correlational study, a corpus of 52 Clinical produced by medical students from a Chilean university. The participants answered a self-efficacy perception questionnaire. For disciplinary evaluation, the grades given to the text given by doctors-teachers was considered. For the analysis of linguistic-discursive quality, a specific instrument was designed and validated (Rubric for Evaluating the Linguistic-Discursive Quality of Disciplinary Texts in Medicine). The results show statistically significant correlations between the evaluation carried out by the doctors and the linguistic-discursive quality. The perception of self-efficacy is not correlated with any of these variables. The research represents an important advance in the description of the Medical History as a genre from a multidimensional and a interdisciplinary perspective. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Procesos Historicos is the property of Universidad de Los Andes (Venezuela) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista Venezolana de Gerencia (RVG) is the property of Revista de Filosofia-Universidad del Zulia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of eHumanista is the property of Professor Antonio Cortijo-Ocana and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of eHumanista is the property of Professor Antonio Cortijo-Ocana and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)