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The purpose of UbiPOL project is to develop a ubiquitous platform that allows citizens be involved in Policy Making Processes (PMPs) regardless of their current locations and time. However, literature highlights one of the foremost reasons that make citizens de-motivated in engaging themselves in policy making--the ignorance of germane policies and PMPs within the government organisations. It is highly suggested that while more citizens find connections between their everyday life activities and pertinent government policies, the more they become pro-active or motivated to be involved in PMPs. For this reason. UbiPOL aims to provide context aware knowledge 'provision with regards to policy making, i.e. through UbiPOL enabling citizens in identifying any relevant policies along with other citizens' opinion 'whenever they want' 'wherever they are' according to their everyday life pattern. As a result of this platform, citizens are anticipated to be more acquainted with the newest relevant policies and PMPs for their participation during their routine life activities. Moreover, this platform is also anticipated to provide policy tracking functionality through a 'workflow engine' and 'opinion tag' concept to improve the transparency of PMPs. As a final point, the platform intends to facilitate policy makers to collect citizen opinions more efficiently as the opinions are collected as soon as they are created in the middle of citizen's everyday life. UbiPOL provides security and identity management facility to ensure only authorised citizens can have access to relevant policies according to their roles in PMPs. The delivery of the opinion and policy data over the wireless network is secure as the platform use leading edge encryption algorithm in its communication kernels. UbiPOL is a scalable platform ensuring at least 100,000 citizens can use the system at the same time (e.g., for e-Voting applications) through its well proven automatic load balancing mechanisms. The privacy ensuring opinion mining engine prevents unwanted revealing of citizen identities and the mining engine prevents any unrelated commercial advertisements are included in the opinion base to minimise time misuse of the system. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose – This paper aims to introduce a European project CEES to develop a standard for the evaluation of Electronic Government (e-Government) services from a citizen satisfaction perspective. Design/methodology/approach – The aim, objectives, methodology, and deliverables of the project CEES are detailed. Furthermore, the challenges of the development of a reference process model in different countries are addressed and academic and practical implications of the project for the citizen-oriented evaluation of e-Government services are discussed. Findings – A reference process model for the evaluation of e-Government services from a citizens' perspective receives strong support from experiences in other similar areas such as software process and information systems governance. The reference model needs to overcome such challenges as the differences in culture, the maturity of e-Government systems, and citizens-government relationships. Practical implications – The research is expected to trigger international collaboration to develop international standards for the evaluation of e-Government services. Originality/value – The paper contributes to the literature by enriching the views on e-Government services and their evaluation via introducing a reference model concept. The CEES project will be the first attempt to apply the reference model concept in the information systems evaluation domain. Despite the wide adoption of reference models in software process, software design, and business process automation, the concept is yet to be applied to the IS evaluation domain. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]