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Substantial range, handling and acceleration improvements in high-performance vehicles can be achieved by weight reduction. An important area for weight reduction on a car is the wheels. A novel prototype carbon fibre/epoxy wheel has been developed using a combination of automated fibre placement (AFP) and hand layup for the Sunswift 7 solar car. A three-piece wheel design that utilises each process where best suited has been analysed and optimised using the ANSYS ACP PrepPost suite, manufactured, and mechanically tested. The wheel disc was produced using AFP and featured selective reinforcement in the form of spokes. The AFP fibre paths for the disc have been optimised using CGTech’s VERICUT VCP and VCS to minimise gaps and overlaps, resulting in a 98.9% reduction in overlaps when compared with the unoptimised layup. The rim and tyre mounting region of the wheel have been manufactured using hand layup and adhesively bonded to the disc. This hybrid manufacturing approach has demonstrated an advancement in the feasibility of combining traditional and automated composite manufacturing. The final wheel weighed 3352 g, and the wheel deflection under a compressive load has been experimentally verified within 3% of the theoretical value.

Meckel’s diverticulum, the most common congenital anomaly of small bowel although usually silent, can cause complications like intestinal obstruction, bleeding, diverticulitis, perforation etc. We report a case, which presented with acute onset of severe pain in right iliac fossa which was clinically and sonographically diagnosed as acute appendicitis. Histopathological report of appendix was non specific findings. Four days after appendectomy patient again came with features of acute abdomen. X-ray abdomen showed free gas under diaphragm. Abdomen was explored with a midline incision, a perforated Meckel’sdiverticulum was found which was managed by wedge resection and repair of the ileum. Histopathological examination of specimen revealed diverticular wall with normal appearing intestinal mucosa and muscle coat which showed two heterotrophic tissues (pancreatic and gastric ) in the wall.These also showed features of perforation and acute peritonitis. This is probably the first case of Meckel’s diverticulitis with heterotropic pancreatic and gastric tissue in Bangladesh. J Shaheed Suhrawardy Med Coll 2020; 12(2): 115-118

Substantial range, handling and acceleration improvements in high-performance vehicles can be achieved by weight reduction. An important area for weight reduction on a car is the wheels. A prototype carbon fibre/epoxy wheel has been developed using a combination of automated fibre placement (AFP) and hand layup for the Sunswift 7 solar car. A three-piece wheel design that utilises each process where best suited has been analysed and optimised using the ANSYS ACP PrepPost suite, manufactured, and mechanically tested. The wheel disc was produced using AFP and featured selective reinforcement in the form of spokes. The laminate for the disc has been optimised using CGTech VERICUT VCP and VCS to minimise gaps and overlaps and simulate the manufacturing process. The rim and tyre mounting region of the wheel have been manufactured using hand layup, and adhesively bonded to the disc. This hybrid manufacturing approach has demonstrated an advancement in the feasibility of combining traditional and automated composites manufacturing, providing insight into the manufacture of parts and products with complex shapes in the future.

The education system of the 21st century mainly accentuates on pragmatic and collaborative learning where field trip is one of the most prominent methods of learning. Considering this, Brac University arranges a lot of experiential learning activities. Visiting different programs of BRAC is one of them where every student of the university is taken to observe the development trends in rural areas of Bangladesh. This study explores the impact of those visits. The methodology of this research includes both qualitative and quantitative approaches. A survey was conducted where 200 students were selected who visited programs of BRAC. Subsequently, a focus group discussion was arranged where 40 students had taken part. The study shows that this field visit helps students becoming more attached to villages, and it inhibits a sense of responsibility among many of them. This research may help policy makers to design their curriculum more effectively in the future.

The Santals are one of the most ancient indigenous communities in Bangladesh. Many historians denote them as the earliest settlers in greater Bengal. They mainly belong to Austro-Asiatic group of pre-Aryan settlers. Being the indigenous community of the country, they should have been more influential and developed. But the reality is different. Santals are deprived of stately rights and privileges in many aspects. It has a historical legacy of isolation and clash. As Santals live isolated from mainland people, proper attention was never given to them. Rather they were tortured and oppressed both by colonial and post-colonial rulers, which led them to launch many resistances. But ultimately those resistances could not completely stop the deprivation. In spite of all these challenges, Santals are still struggling to uphold their socio-cultural tradition. The absence of written document in Santal society created a paucity of information in the reconstruction of their history. Therefore, secondary source was mainly used in this research. This study tries to explore the social customs, livelihood and cultural features of Santal community keeping a special focus on the historical development. It indicates that they have historically been deprived in many ways, but they are still able to uphold their distinct cultural features in most of the cases.

The 20th century witnessed a lot of nationalist movements which gave the birth of many independent states. All these nationalist movements were led by some charismatic leaders who could convince, organize and motivate people by their character, speech, and wonderful leadership. Bangabandhu Sheikh Mojibur Rahman was one of them. He was such a leader who opened the eyes of the East Pakistani people about their right, and led them towards independence. He could ignite the light of the nationalist spirit among the people by his public speaking capacity and heart-rending speech. His historic speech of 7th March 1971 is often considered as one of the most influential speeches over the world. UNESCO recognized the 7th March speech of Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman as part of the world’s documentary heritage in 2017. This study sheds light on the historical importance of that speech. An extensive historical background of this speech will also be demonstrated based on the documents of the liberation war of Bangladesh and other reliable sources. This study shows that the 7th March speech of Bangabandhu paved the way for independent Bangladesh in 1971. &nbsp

Composite tubes are used in numerous applications including aerospace, mechanical, civil and transport sectors, where they may be susceptible to combined loading especially axial compression and torsion and suffer failure due to their intrinsic weakness under such loads. An experimental cum numerical investigation is performed to understand the behaviour of hollow composite tubes with cut-outs under combined axial compression and torsional loadings. Carbon fibre reinforced thermoplastic CF/PEEK tubes with different diameters and varied lay-up sequences, were robotically manufactured using an Automated Fibre Placement (AFP) machine. These specimens were mechanically tested using a novel biaxial test jig, designed specifically to be compatible with an INSTRON 8852 axial/torsion servo hydraulic test system. A standard acrylate coated optical fibre was affixed on the surface of the cylinder for distributed strain sensing using an optical backscatter reflectometer (OBR) interrogator to obtain spatial strain data. Surface strains measured using distributed optical fibre sensing (DOFS) and strain rosettes were compared against finite element analysis predictions to successfully validate the numerical model created using Ansys ACP Pre-Post simulation package. Directional deformations around the cut-outs of these tubes were also numerically characterised and compared with digital image correlation (DIC) results from the experimental tests.

High availability and low service expenditure has enabled cloud computing to become popular to be used in providing large number of software services. However, supporting a large collection of software together with data storage present new threats to the cloud in terms load imbalance and service failures. This paper proposes CLBS-3, a threetier Load balancing Schema (LBS) for the cloud preserving low communication overhead and fault tolerance. Next, it provides a mechanism to recover from a failed condition and excessive load within short time and low network traffic. Performance analysis reveal desirable service delivery speed of 11.40 to 84.43 seconds. Also the less time taken to recover from a failure ensures that the service is consistent and reliable. The experimentation of the proposed framework on cloud platform with web enabled software services yield desirable performance.

Following three major disasters in 2007, Bangladesh intensified its effort to tackle climate change through development of the Bangladesh Climate Change Strategy and Action Plan (BCCSAP). The process of plan formulation led to debates nationally and internationally regarding the financing and integration of climate change into development planning. Using a political economic lens, this article illustrates how major national initiatives around international problems must be understood in terms of the interplay of actors, their ideas and power relations. The article argues that: (a) power relations among actors significantly influenced the selection of ideas and implementation activities; (b) donor concerns around aid effectiveness and consequent creation of parallel mechanisms of planning and implementation may run counter to both the mainstreaming process and the alignment of assistance with country priorities and systems; (c) climate change planning processes must be opened up to include actors from across sectors, population groups and geographical areas.