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Axial algebras are a recently introduced class of non-associative algebra motivated by applications to groups and vertex-operator algebras. We develop the structure theory of axial algebras focussing on two major topics: (1) radical and simplicity, and (2) sum decompositions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Taxonomic diversity of bacteria associated with golf course putting greens is a topic that has not been widely explored. The purpose of this project was to isolate and identify culturable bacteria from the rhizosphere of creeping bentgrass (Agrostris palustris Huds.) at two sites (Alabama and North Carolina) and hybrid bermudagrass [Cynodon dactyion (L.) Pers. x C. transvaalensis Burtt-Davy] at two sites (Florida and South Carolina) for a minimum of 3 years with sampling initiated after the construction process. Randomly selected colonies were identified using gas chromatography for analysis of fatty acid methyl ester profiles. Over 9000 isolates were successfully analyzed. When a similarity index of 0.300 or higher was used, the average number of unidentifiable isolates was 38.6%. The two dominant genera in both bentgrass and bermudagrass rhizospheres were Bacillus and Pseudomonas with Bacillus dominant in bermudagrass and Pseudomonas dominant or equal to Bacillus in bentgrass. Other genera that comprised at least 1% of the isolates at all four sites were Clavibacter, Flavobacterium, and Microbacterium. Arthrobacter also comprised a significant portion of the bacterial isolates in the bentgrass rhizosphere, but not the bermudagrass rhizosphere. Overall, there were 40 genera common to all four sites. At the species level, there were five that comprised at least 1% of the isolates at each location: B. cereus, B. megaterium, C. michiganensis, F. johnsoniae, and P. putida. As has been reported for many grasses, we found considerable taxonomic diversity among the culturable bacterial populations from the rhizospheres of bentgrass and bermudagrass grown in sand-based putting greens. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Data were obtained from the literature for gonad and body weights and for the Pu or Ce content of the gonads and body at death for several laboratory animal species, five human Pu injection cases, and 731 human adults exposed environmentally to Pu in fallout. Data for Pu concentration in gonads, liver, and bone samples of 59 male and five female occupational Pu cases (including four completely analyzed whole bodies) were obtained from the U. S. Transuranium Registry. A logarithmic function was used to relate fractional Pu or Ce concentration in testes and ovaries to body weight of the animals and to predict fractional Pu or Ce concentrations in human gonads, [Pu]G ± PuB-1 = aBWb, where [Pu]G or [Ce]G is the nuclide concentration in gonads (Bq g-1 of wet weight), PuB or CeB is the nuclide content of the body at death, and BW is body weight (kg). The fractional Pu and Ce concentrations in both the testes and ovaries are inverse and nearly linear functions of body weight. The regression lines of fractional Pu or Ce concentration in testes and ovaries have similar slopes (b = -1.07 ± 0.14); however, the nuclide concentrations (coefficient a) in ovaries are six times greater than in testes. Extrapolation of the animal data yielded fractional Pu concentrations in human testes and ovaries that agree with those calculated for the occupational cases and those recommended by the International Commission on Radiological Protection. The good agreement between the fractional concentrations of Pu and Ce in the testes and in the ovaries suggests that these data can be substituted in metabolic models of chemically similar elements for which gonadal data are scarce. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The skeletal distribution of Am and Pu in four human cases was compared with the skeletal distributions of these radioelements in baboons and monkeys. Excellent agreement was noted among the four human cases; data were available for Am in all four and Pu in three. A statistically significant correlation was found between the 241Am and 239Pu + 240Pu skeletal distributions in the humans and those in nonhuman primates. Trabecular bone had the highest concentrations of 241Am and 239+240Pu in humans, baboons, and monkeys. Scaling factors are proposed to convert the percentages of skeletal activity in animal bones to the corresponding percentages in the bones of the human skeleton. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Three whole bodies donated to the U.S. Transuranium Registry by deceased nuclear industry workers have been radiochemically analyzed for their Pu content. All had worked in the industry for 30 y or more and had been exposed to Pu, primarily by inhalation. Highest concentrations of Pu were measured in the tracheobronchial lymph nodes, followed by that in the lung and liver. Using muscle concentrations as a standard for nonconcentrating tissues, higher concentrations of Pu were found in the spleen, esophagus, pericardium, aortic arch, gallbladder, pancreas, prostate, and pituitary in one or more of the bodies examined. The ratio of skeleton content:liver content ranged from 1.0 to 3.3. The pulmonary deposition (lung, associated lymph nodes, and trachea) ranged from 20 to 53% of the total whole-body deposition. Although the concentration was low, the striated muscle contained 3 to 5% of the total Pu retained. The differences and similarities among quantities of Pu retained at the time of death by these three individuals were discussed in terms of their exposure and medical histories. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]