1. Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of Telmisartan Alkylamine Derivatives as Potential Anticancer Agents.
- Author
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Schumacher TJ, Gardner ZS, McParlan MP, Omy T, Palle K, Rumbley J, and Mereddy VR
- Subjects
- Humans, Animals, Mice, Telmisartan pharmacology, Mice, Inbred ICR, Cell Proliferation, Apoptosis, Cell Line, Tumor, Antineoplastic Agents pharmacology, Neoplasms
- Abstract
Background/aim: Telmisartan is an angiotensin II receptor type 1 (AT1) antagonist with anticancer properties against solid and hematological cancer cell lines. Using telmisartan as a template, we developed alkylamine derivatives with reduced AT1 activity but increased anticancer activity., Materials and Methods: Synthesis of candidate compounds was carried out via hexafluorophosphate benzotriazole tetramethyl uronium coupling reaction, then their inhibition of cell proliferation was determined via 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay, and colony-formation assay was carried out on the lead candidate compound 8 Cell death via apoptosis or necrosis by compound 8 was determined by flow cytometry using annexin V and propidium iodide, tolerability dosing was carried out in ICR mice, and tumor-reduction properties were determined in an MDA-MB-231 xenograft model., Results: Some of the synthesized candidates exhibited good inhibition of cell proliferation with low micromolar half maximal effective concentrations in triple-negative breast cancer cell lines MDA-MB-231 and 4T1. Compound 8 exhibited lower affinity towards AT1 than parent telmisartan, inhibition of colony formation, and cell-cycle analysis revealed apoptosis as potentially important in causing cell death. In vivo evaluation with compound 8 indicated that it was well tolerated at high concentrations in healthy mice. Additionally, compound 8 showed higher growth inhibition in the MDA-MB-231 tumor xenograft mouse model compared to telmisartan., Conclusion: Our study indicated that alkylamine derivatives of telmisartan exhibited good solubility and higher inhibition of cancer cell proliferation than telmisartan. Compound 8 was found to be a good lead compound, with potential for development as an anticancer agent., (Copyright © 2024 International Institute of Anticancer Research (Dr. George J. Delinasios), All rights reserved.)
- Published
- 2024
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