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1. The furosemide stress test for prediction of worsening acute kidney injury in critically ill patients: A multicenter, prospective, observational study

Author

Rewa, OG, Bagshaw, SM, Wang, X, Wald, R, Smith, O, Shapiro, J, McMahon, B, Liu, KD, Trevino, SA, Chawla, LS, and Koyner, JL

Subjects
Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Clinical Sciences, Kidney Disease, Patient Safety, 4.2 Evaluation of markers and technologies, Detection, screening and diagnosis, Renal and urogenital, Good Health and Well Being, Acute Kidney Injury, Aged, Area Under Curve, Critical Illness, Disease Progression, Female, Furosemide, Humans, Intensive Care Units, Male, Middle Aged, Predictive Value of Tests, Prospective Studies, Sensitivity and Specificity, Sodium Potassium Chloride Symporter Inhibitors, Urodynamics, Young Adult, Furosemide stress test, Acute kidney injury, Intensive care unit, Nursing, Emergency & Critical Care Medicine, Clinical sciences, Allied health and rehabilitation science
Abstract

PurposeTo validate the furosemide stress test (FST) for predicting the progression of acute kidney injury (AKI).Materials and methodsWe performed a multicenter, prospective, observational study in patients with stage I or II AKI. The FST (1 mg/kg for loop diuretic naïve patients and 1.5 mg/kg in patients previously exposed to loop diuretics) was administered. Subsequent urinary flow rate (UFR) recorded and predictive ability of urinary output was measured by the area under the curve receiver operatic characteristics (AuROC). Primary outcome was progression to Stage III AKI. Secondary outcomes included in-hospital mortality and adverse events.ResultsWe studied 92 critically ill patients. 23 patients progressed to stage III AKI and had significantly lower UFR (p

Published
2019

18. The Energy Landscape

Author

Frauenfelder, H., McMahon, B. H., Schäfer, F. P., editor, Toennies, J. P., editor, Zinth, W., editor, Rigler, Rudolf, Orrit, Michel, and Basché, Thomas

Published
2001
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19. Dissecting the Shared Genetic Architecture of Suicide Attempt, Psychiatric Disorders, and Known Risk Factors

Author

Mullins, N, Kang, J, Campos, A, Coleman, JR, Edwards, AC, Galfalvy, H, Levey, DF, Lori, A, Shabalin, A, Starnawska, A, Su, M-H, Watson, HJ, Adams, M, Awasthi, S, Ganda, M, Hafferty, JD, Hishimoto, A, Kim, M, Okazaki, S, Otsuka, I, Ripke, S, Ware, EB, Bergen, AW, Berrettini, WH, Bohus, M, Brandt, H, Chang, X, Chen, WJ, Chen, H-C, Crawford, S, Crow, S, DiBlasi, E, Duriez, P, Fernandez-Aranda, F, Fichter, MM, Gallinger, S, Glatt, SJ, Gorwood, P, Guo, Y, Hakonarson, H, Halmi, KA, Hwu, H-G, Jain, S, Jamain, S, Jimenez-Murcia, S, Johnson, C, Kaplan, AS, Kaye, WH, Keel, PK, Kennedy, JL, Klump, KL, Li, D, Liao, S-C, Lieb, K, Lilenfeld, L, Liu, C-M, Magistretti, PJ, Marshall, CR, Mitchell, JE, Monson, ET, Myers, RM, Pinto, D, Powers, A, Ramoz, N, Roepke, S, Rozanov, V, Scherer, SW, Schmahl, C, Sokolowski, M, Strober, M, Thornton, LM, Treasure, J, Tsuang, MT, Witt, SH, Woodside, DB, Yilmaz, Z, Zillich, L, Adolfsson, R, Agartz, I, Air, TM, Alda, M, Alfredsson, L, Andreassen, OA, Anjorin, A, Appadurai, V, Artigas, MS, Van der Auwera, S, Azevedo, MH, Bass, N, Bau, CHD, Baune, BT, Bellivier, F, Berger, K, Biernacka, JM, Bigdeli, TB, Binder, EB, Boehnke, M, Boks, MP, Bosch, R, Braff, DL, Bryant, R, Budde, M, Byrne, EM, Cahn, W, Casas, M, Castelao, E, Cervilla, JA, Chaumette, B, Cichon, S, Corvin, A, Craddock, N, Craig, D, Degenhardt, F, Djurovic, S, Edenberg, HJ, Fanous, AH, Foo, JC, Forstner, AJ, Frye, M, Fullerton, JM, Gatt, JM, Gejman, P, Giegling, I, Grabe, HJ, Green, MJ, Grevet, EH, Grigoroiu-Serbanescu, M, Gutierrez, B, Guzman-Parra, J, Hamilton, SP, Hamshere, ML, Hartmann, A, Hauser, J, Heilmann-Heimbach, S, Hoffmann, P, Ising, M, Jones, I, Jones, LA, Jonsson, L, Kahn, RS, Kelsoe, JR, Kendler, KS, Kloiber, S, Koenen, KC, Kogevinas, M, Konte, B, Krebs, M-O, Lander, M, Lawrence, J, Leboyer, M, Lee, PH, Levinson, DF, Liao, C, Lissowska, J, Lucae, S, Mayoral, F, McElroy, SL, McGrath, P, McGuffin, P, McQuillin, A, Medland, SE, Mehta, D, Melle, I, Milaneschi, Y, Mitchell, PB, Molina, E, Morken, G, Mortensen, PB, Mueller-Myhsok, B, Nievergelt, C, Nimgaonkar, V, Noethen, MM, O'Donovan, MC, Ophoff, RA, Owen, MJ, Pato, C, Pato, MT, Penninx, BWJH, Pimm, J, Pistis, G, Potash, JB, Power, RA, Preisig, M, Quested, D, Ramos-Quiroga, JA, Reif, A, Ribases, M, Richarte, V, Rietschel, M, Rivera, M, Roberts, A, Roberts, G, Rouleau, GA, Rovaris, DL, Rujescu, D, Sanchez-Mora, C, Sanders, AR, Schofield, PR, Schulze, TG, Scott, LJ, Serretti, A, Shi, J, Shyn, S, Sirignano, L, Sklar, P, Smeland, OB, Smoller, JW, Sonuga-Barke, EJS, Spalletta, G, Strauss, JS, Swiatkowska, B, Trzaskowski, M, Turecki, G, Vilar-Ribo, L, Vincent, JB, Voelzke, H, Walters, JTR, Weickert, CS, Weickert, TW, Weissman, MM, Williams, LM, Wray, NR, Zai, CC, Ashley-Koch, AE, Beckham, JC, Hauser, ER, Hauser, MA, Kimbrel, NA, Lindquist, JH, McMahon, B, Oslin, DW, Qin, X, Agerbo, E, Borglum, AD, Breen, G, Erlangsen, A, Esko, T, Gelernter, J, Hougaard, DM, Kessler, RC, Kranzler, HR, Li, QS, Martin, NG, McIntosh, AM, Mors, O, Nordentoft, M, Olsen, CM, Porteous, D, Ursano, RJ, Wasserman, D, Werge, T, Whiteman, DC, Bulik, CM, Coon, H, Demontis, D, Docherty, AR, Kuo, P-H, Lewis, CM, Mann, JJ, Renteria, ME, Smith, DJ, Stahl, EA, Stein, MB, Streit, F, Willour, V, Ruderfer, DM, Mullins, N, Kang, J, Campos, A, Coleman, JR, Edwards, AC, Galfalvy, H, Levey, DF, Lori, A, Shabalin, A, Starnawska, A, Su, M-H, Watson, HJ, Adams, M, Awasthi, S, Ganda, M, Hafferty, JD, Hishimoto, A, Kim, M, Okazaki, S, Otsuka, I, Ripke, S, Ware, EB, Bergen, AW, Berrettini, WH, Bohus, M, Brandt, H, Chang, X, Chen, WJ, Chen, H-C, Crawford, S, Crow, S, DiBlasi, E, Duriez, P, Fernandez-Aranda, F, Fichter, MM, Gallinger, S, Glatt, SJ, Gorwood, P, Guo, Y, Hakonarson, H, Halmi, KA, Hwu, H-G, Jain, S, Jamain, S, Jimenez-Murcia, S, Johnson, C, Kaplan, AS, Kaye, WH, Keel, PK, Kennedy, JL, Klump, KL, Li, D, Liao, S-C, Lieb, K, Lilenfeld, L, Liu, C-M, Magistretti, PJ, Marshall, CR, Mitchell, JE, Monson, ET, Myers, RM, Pinto, D, Powers, A, Ramoz, N, Roepke, S, Rozanov, V, Scherer, SW, Schmahl, C, Sokolowski, M, Strober, M, Thornton, LM, Treasure, J, Tsuang, MT, Witt, SH, Woodside, DB, Yilmaz, Z, Zillich, L, Adolfsson, R, Agartz, I, Air, TM, Alda, M, Alfredsson, L, Andreassen, OA, Anjorin, A, Appadurai, V, Artigas, MS, Van der Auwera, S, Azevedo, MH, Bass, N, Bau, CHD, Baune, BT, Bellivier, F, Berger, K, Biernacka, JM, Bigdeli, TB, Binder, EB, Boehnke, M, Boks, MP, Bosch, R, Braff, DL, Bryant, R, Budde, M, Byrne, EM, Cahn, W, Casas, M, Castelao, E, Cervilla, JA, Chaumette, B, Cichon, S, Corvin, A, Craddock, N, Craig, D, Degenhardt, F, Djurovic, S, Edenberg, HJ, Fanous, AH, Foo, JC, Forstner, AJ, Frye, M, Fullerton, JM, Gatt, JM, Gejman, P, Giegling, I, Grabe, HJ, Green, MJ, Grevet, EH, Grigoroiu-Serbanescu, M, Gutierrez, B, Guzman-Parra, J, Hamilton, SP, Hamshere, ML, Hartmann, A, Hauser, J, Heilmann-Heimbach, S, Hoffmann, P, Ising, M, Jones, I, Jones, LA, Jonsson, L, Kahn, RS, Kelsoe, JR, Kendler, KS, Kloiber, S, Koenen, KC, Kogevinas, M, Konte, B, Krebs, M-O, Lander, M, Lawrence, J, Leboyer, M, Lee, PH, Levinson, DF, Liao, C, Lissowska, J, Lucae, S, Mayoral, F, McElroy, SL, McGrath, P, McGuffin, P, McQuillin, A, Medland, SE, Mehta, D, Melle, I, Milaneschi, Y, Mitchell, PB, Molina, E, Morken, G, Mortensen, PB, Mueller-Myhsok, B, Nievergelt, C, Nimgaonkar, V, Noethen, MM, O'Donovan, MC, Ophoff, RA, Owen, MJ, Pato, C, Pato, MT, Penninx, BWJH, Pimm, J, Pistis, G, Potash, JB, Power, RA, Preisig, M, Quested, D, Ramos-Quiroga, JA, Reif, A, Ribases, M, Richarte, V, Rietschel, M, Rivera, M, Roberts, A, Roberts, G, Rouleau, GA, Rovaris, DL, Rujescu, D, Sanchez-Mora, C, Sanders, AR, Schofield, PR, Schulze, TG, Scott, LJ, Serretti, A, Shi, J, Shyn, S, Sirignano, L, Sklar, P, Smeland, OB, Smoller, JW, Sonuga-Barke, EJS, Spalletta, G, Strauss, JS, Swiatkowska, B, Trzaskowski, M, Turecki, G, Vilar-Ribo, L, Vincent, JB, Voelzke, H, Walters, JTR, Weickert, CS, Weickert, TW, Weissman, MM, Williams, LM, Wray, NR, Zai, CC, Ashley-Koch, AE, Beckham, JC, Hauser, ER, Hauser, MA, Kimbrel, NA, Lindquist, JH, McMahon, B, Oslin, DW, Qin, X, Agerbo, E, Borglum, AD, Breen, G, Erlangsen, A, Esko, T, Gelernter, J, Hougaard, DM, Kessler, RC, Kranzler, HR, Li, QS, Martin, NG, McIntosh, AM, Mors, O, Nordentoft, M, Olsen, CM, Porteous, D, Ursano, RJ, Wasserman, D, Werge, T, Whiteman, DC, Bulik, CM, Coon, H, Demontis, D, Docherty, AR, Kuo, P-H, Lewis, CM, Mann, JJ, Renteria, ME, Smith, DJ, Stahl, EA, Stein, MB, Streit, F, Willour, V, and Ruderfer, DM

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Suicide is a leading cause of death worldwide, and nonfatal suicide attempts, which occur far more frequently, are a major source of disability and social and economic burden. Both have substantial genetic etiology, which is partially shared and partially distinct from that of related psychiatric disorders. METHODS: We conducted a genome-wide association study (GWAS) of 29,782 suicide attempt (SA) cases and 519,961 controls in the International Suicide Genetics Consortium (ISGC). The GWAS of SA was conditioned on psychiatric disorders using GWAS summary statistics via multitrait-based conditional and joint analysis, to remove genetic effects on SA mediated by psychiatric disorders. We investigated the shared and divergent genetic architectures of SA, psychiatric disorders, and other known risk factors. RESULTS: Two loci reached genome-wide significance for SA: the major histocompatibility complex and an intergenic locus on chromosome 7, the latter of which remained associated with SA after conditioning on psychiatric disorders and replicated in an independent cohort from the Million Veteran Program. This locus has been implicated in risk-taking behavior, smoking, and insomnia. SA showed strong genetic correlation with psychiatric disorders, particularly major depression, and also with smoking, pain, risk-taking behavior, sleep disturbances, lower educational attainment, reproductive traits, lower socioeconomic status, and poorer general health. After conditioning on psychiatric disorders, the genetic correlations between SA and psychiatric disorders decreased, whereas those with nonpsychiatric traits remained largely unchanged. CONCLUSIONS: Our results identify a risk locus that contributes more strongly to SA than other phenotypes and suggest a shared underlying biology between SA and known risk factors that is not mediated by psychiatric disorders.

Published
2022

20. Motivational Interviewing and Rehabilitation Counseling Practice

Author

Wagner, C. C. and McMahon, B. T.

Abstract

This article explores commonalities between rehabilitation counseling and the counseling approach known as motivational interviewing. Motivational interviewing is an empirically supported, clientcentered, directive counseling approach designed to promote client motivation and reduce motivational conflicts and barriers to change. The underpinnings of motivational interviewing are related to several principles that drive rehabilitation counseling practice. Motivational interviewing focuses on issues that have been emphasized in the rehabilitation literature: clients' sense of the importance of potential changes, their confidence that change can be successful, and their readiness to make changes. Current and potential uses of motivational interviewing in rehabilitation counseling practice are outlined, and additional research directions are recommended.

Published
2004

37. Erratum: Global, regional, and national age-sex-specific mortality for 282 causes of death in 195 countries and territories, 1980–2017: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2017 (The Lancet (2018) 392(10159) (1736–1788)(S0140673618322037)(10.1016/S0140-6736(18)32203-7))

Author

Roth G. A., Roth, G, Abate, D, Abate, K, Abay, S, Abbafati, C, Abbasi, N, Abbastabar, H, Abd-Allah, F, Abdela, J, Abdelalim, A, Abdollahpour, I, Abdulkader, R, Abebe, H, Abebe, M, Abebe, Z, Abejie, A, Abera, S, Abil, O, Abraha, H, Abrham, A, Abu-Raddad, L, Accrombessi, M, Acharya, D, Adamu, A, Adebayo, O, Adedoyin, R, Adekanmbi, V, Adetokunboh, O, Adhena, B, Adib, M, Admasie, A, Afshin, A, Agarwal, G, Agesa, K, Agrawal, A, Agrawal, S, Ahmadi, A, Ahmadi, M, Ahmed, M, Ahmed, S, Aichour, A, Aichour, I, Aichour, M, Akbari, M, Akinyemi, R, Akseer, N, Al-Aly, Z, Al-Eyadhy, A, Al-Raddadi, R, Alahdab, F, Alam, K, Alam, T, Alebel, A, Alene, K, Alijanzadeh, M, Alizadeh-Navaei, R, Aljunid, S, Alkerwi, A, Alla, F, Allebeck, P, Alonso, J, Altirkawi, K, Alvis-Guzman, N, Amare, A, Aminde, L, Amini, E, Ammar, W, Amoako, Y, Anber, N, Andrei, C, Androudi, S, Animut, M, Anjomshoa, M, Ansari, H, Ansha, M, Antonio, C, Anwari, P, Aremu, O, Arnlov, J, Arora, A, Arora, M, Artaman, A, Aryal, K, Asayesh, H, Asfaw, E, Ataro, Z, Atique, S, Atre, S, Ausloos, M, Avokpaho, E, Awasthi, A, Ayala Quintanilla, B, Ayele, Y, Ayer, R, Azzopardi, P, Babazadeh, A, Bacha, U, Badali, H, Badawi, A, Bali, A, Ballesteros, K, Banach, M, Banerjee, K, Bannick, M, Banoub, J, Barboza, M, Barker-Collo, S, Barnighausen, T, Barquera, S, Barrero, L, Bassat, Q, Basu, S, Baune, B, Baynes, H, Bazargan-Hejazi, S, Bedi, N, Beghi, E, Behzadifar, M, Bejot, Y, Bekele, B, Belachew, A, Belay, E, Belay, Y, Bell, M, Bello, A, Bennett, D, Bensenor, I, Berman, A, Bernabe, E, Bernstein, R, Bertolacci, G, Beuran, M, Beyranvand, T, Bhalla, A, Bhattarai, S, Bhaumik, S, Bhutta, Z, Biadgo, B, Biehl, M, Bijani, A, Bikbov, B, Bilano, V, Bililign, N, Bin Sayeed, M, Bisanzio, D, Biswas, T, Blacker, B, Basara, B, Borschmann, R, Bosetti, C, Bozorgmehr, K, Brady, O, Brant, L, Brayne, C, Brazinova, A, Breitborde, N, Brenner, H, Briant, P, Britton, G, Brugha, T, Busse, R, Butt, Z, Callender, C, Campos-Nonato, I, Campuzano Rincon, J, Cano, J, Car, M, Cardenas, R, Carreras, G, Carrero, J, Carter, A, Carvalho, F, Castaneda-Orjuela, C, Castillo Rivas, J, Castle, C, Castro, C, Castro, F, Catala-Lopez, F, Cerin, E, Chaiah, Y, Chang, J, Charlson, F, Chaturvedi, P, Chiang, P, Chimed-Ochir, O, Chisumpa, V, Chitheer, A, Chowdhury, R, Christensen, H, Christopher, D, Chung, S, Cicuttini, F, Ciobanu, L, Cirillo, M, Cohen, A, Cooper, L, Cortesi, P, Cortinovis, M, Cousin, E, Cowie, B, Criqui, M, Cromwell, E, Crowe, C, Crump, J, Cunningham, M, Daba, A, Dadi, A, Dandona, L, Dandona, R, Dang, A, Dargan, P, Daryani, A, Das, S, Gupta, R, Neves, J, Dasa, T, Dash, A, Davis, A, Davis Weaver, N, Davitoiu, D, Davletov, K, De La Hoz, F, De Neve, J, Degefa, M, Degenhardt, L, Degfie, T, Deiparine, S, Demoz, G, Demtsu, B, Denova-Gutierrez, E, Deribe, K, Dervenis, N, Des Jarlais, D, Dessie, G, Dey, S, Dharmaratne, S, Dicker, D, Dinberu, M, Ding, E, Dirac, M, Djalalinia, S, Dokova, K, Doku, D, Donnelly, C, Dorsey, E, Doshi, P, Douwes-Schultz, D, Doyle, K, Driscoll, T, Dubey, M, Dubljanin, E, Duken, E, Duncan, B, Duraes, A, Ebrahimi, H, Ebrahimpour, S, Edessa, D, Edvardsson, D, Eggen, A, El Bcheraoui, C, El Sayed Zaki, M, El-Khatib, Z, Elkout, H, Ellingsen, C, Endres, M, Endries, A, Er, B, Erskine, H, Eshrati, B, Eskandarieh, S, Esmaeili, R, Esteghamati, A, Fakhar, M, Fakhim, H, Faramarzi, M, Fareed, M, Farhadi, F, Farinha, C, Faro, A, Farvid, M, Farzadfar, F, Farzaei, M, Feigin, V, Feigl, A, Fentahun, N, Fereshtehnejad, S, Fernandes, E, Fernandes, J, Ferrari, A, Feyissa, G, Filip, I, Finegold, S, Fischer, F, Fitzmaurice, C, Foigt, N, Foreman, K, Fornari, C, Frank, T, Fukumoto, T, Fuller, J, Fullman, N, Furst, T, Furtado, J, Futran, N, Gallus, S, Garcia-Basteiro, A, Garcia-Gordillo, M, Gardner, W, Gebre, A, Gebrehiwot, T, Gebremedhin, A, Gebremichael, B, Gebremichael, T, Gelano, T, Geleijnse, J, Genova-Maleras, R, Geramo, Y, Gething, P, Gezae, K, Ghadami, M, Ghadimi, R, Ghasemi Falavarjani, K, Ghasemi-Kasman, M, Ghimire, M, Gibney, K, Gill, P, Gill, T, Gillum, R, Ginawi, I, Giroud, M, Giussani, G, Goenka, S, Goldberg, E, Goli, S, Gomez-Dantes, H, Gona, P, Gopalani, S, Gorman, T, Goto, A, Goulart, A, Gnedovskaya, E, Grada, A, Grosso, G, Gugnani, H, Guimaraes, A, Guo, Y, Gupta, P, Gupta, T, Gutierrez, R, Gyawali, B, Haagsma, J, Hafezi-Nejad, N, Hagos, T, Hailegiyorgis, T, Hailu, G, Haj-Mirzaian, A, Hamadeh, R, Hamidi, S, Handal, A, Hankey, G, Harb, H, Harikrishnan, S, Haro, J, Hasan, M, Hassankhani, H, Hassen, H, Havmoeller, R, Hay, R, Hay, S, He, Y, Hedayatizadeh-Omran, A, Hegazy, M, Heibati, B, Heidari, M, Hendrie, D, Henok, A, Henry, N, Herteliu, C, Heydarpour, F, Heydarpour, P, Heydarpour, S, Hibstu, D, Hoek, H, Hole, M, Homaie Rad, E, Hoogar, P, Hosgood, H, Hosseini, S, Hosseinzadeh, M, Hostiuc, M, Hostiuc, S, Hotez, P, Hoy, D, Hsiao, T, Hu, G, Huang, J, Husseini, A, Hussen, M, Hutfless, S, Idrisov, B, Ilesanmi, O, Iqbal, U, Irvani, S, Irvine, C, Islam, N, Islam, S, Islami, F, Jacobsen, K, Jahangiry, L, Jahanmehr, N, Jain, S, Jakovljevic, M, Jalu, M, James, S, Javanbakht, M, Jayatilleke, A, Jeemon, P, Jenkins, K, Jha, R, Jha, V, Johnson, C, Johnson, S, Jonas, J, Joshi, A, Jozwiak, J, Jungari, S, Jurisson, M, Kabir, Z, Kadel, R, Kahsay, A, Kalani, R, Karami, M, Karami Matin, B, Karch, A, Karema, C, Karimi-Sari, H, Kasaeian, A, Kassa, D, Kassa, G, Kassa, T, Kassebaum, N, Katikireddi, S, Kaul, A, Kazemi, Z, Kazemi Karyani, A, Kazi, D, Kefale, A, Keiyoro, P, Kemp, G, Kengne, A, Keren, A, Kesavachandran, C, Khader, Y, Khafaei, B, Khafaie, M, Khajavi, A, Khalid, N, Khalil, I, Khan, E, Khan, M, Khang, Y, Khater, M, Khoja, A, Khosravi, A, Khosravi, M, Khubchandani, J, Kiadaliri, A, Kibret, G, Kidanemariam, Z, Kiirithio, D, Kim, D, Kim, Y, Kimokoti, R, Kinfu, Y, Kisa, A, Kissimova-Skarbek, K, Kivimaki, M, Knudsen, A, Kocarnik, J, Kochhar, S, Kokubo, Y, Kolola, T, Kopec, J, Koul, P, Koyanagi, A, Kravchenko, M, Krishan, K, Kuate Defo, B, Kucuk Bicer, B, Kumar, G, Kumar, M, Kumar, P, Kutz, M, Kuzin, I, Kyu, H, Lad, D, Lad, S, Lafranconi, A, Lal, D, Lalloo, R, Lallukka, T, Lam, J, Lami, F, Lansingh, V, Lansky, S, Larson, H, Latifi, A, Lau, K, Lazarus, J, Lebedev, G, Lee, P, Leigh, J, Leili, M, Leshargie, C, Li, S, Li, Y, Liang, J, Lim, L, Lim, S, Limenih, M, Linn, S, Liu, S, Liu, Y, Lodha, R, Lonsdale, C, Lopez, A, Lorkowski, S, Lotufo, P, Lozano, R, Lunevicius, R, Ma, S, Macarayan, E, Mackay, M, Maclachlan, J, Maddison, E, Madotto, F, Magdy Abd El Razek, H, Magdy Abd El Razek, M, Maghavani, D, Majdan, M, Majdzadeh, R, Majeed, A, Malekzadeh, R, Malta, D, Manda, A, Mandarano-Filho, L, Manguerra, H, Mansournia, M, Mapoma, C, Marami, D, Maravilla, J, Marcenes, W, Marczak, L, Marks, A, Marks, G, Martinez, G, Martins-Melo, F, Martopullo, I, Marz, W, Marzan, M, Masci, J, Massenburg, B, Mathur, M, Mathur, P, Matzopoulos, R, Maulik, P, Mazidi, M, Mcalinden, C, Mcgrath, J, Mckee, M, Mcmahon, B, Mehata, S, Mehndiratta, M, Mehrotra, R, Mehta, K, Mehta, V, Mekonnen, T, Melese, A, Melku, M, Memiah, P, Memish, Z, Mendoza, W, Mengistu, D, Mengistu, G, Mensah, G, Mereta, S, Meretoja, A, Meretoja, T, Mestrovic, T, Mezgebe, H, Miazgowski, B, Miazgowski, T, Millear, A, Miller, T, Miller-Petrie, M, Mini, G, Mirabi, P, Mirarefin, M, Mirica, A, Mirrakhimov, E, Misganaw, A, Mitiku, H, Moazen, B, Mohammad, K, Mohammadi, M, Mohammadifard, N, Mohammed, M, Mohammed, S, Mohan, V, Mokdad, A, Molokhia, M, Monasta, L, Moradi, G, Moradi-Lakeh, M, Moradinazar, M, Moraga, P, Morawska, L, Velasquez, I, Morgado-Da-Costa, J, Morrison, S, Moschos, M, Mouodi, S, Mousavi, S, Muchie, K, Mueller, U, Mukhopadhyay, S, Muller, K, Mumford, J, Musa, J, Musa, K, Mustafa, G, Muthupandian, S, Nachega, J, Nagel, G, Naheed, A, Nahvijou, A, Naik, G, Nair, S, Najafi, F, Naldi, L, Nam, H, Nangia, V, Nansseu, J, Nascimento, B, Natarajan, G, Neamati, N, Negoi, I, Negoi, R, Neupane, S, Newton, C, Ngalesoni, F, Ngunjiri, J, Nguyen, A, Nguyen, G, Nguyen, H, Nguyen, L, Nguyen, M, Nguyen, T, Nichols, E, Ningrum, D, 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G., Tsoi D., Tudor Car L., Murat Tuzcu E., Tyrovolas S., Ukwaja K. N., Ullah I., Undurraga E. A., Updike R. L., Usman M. S., Uthman O. A., Uzun S. B., Vaduganathan M., Vaezi A., Vaidya G., Valdez P. R., Varavikova E., Vasankari T. J., Venketasubramanian N., Villafaina S., Violante F. S., Vladimirov S. K., Vlassov V., Vollset S. E., Vos T., Wagner G. R., Wagnew F. S., Waheed Y., Wallin M. T., Walson J. L., Wang Y., Wang Y. -P., Wassie M. M., Weiderpass E., Weintraub R. G., Weldegebreal F., Weldegwergs K. G., Werdecker A., Werkneh A. A., West T. E., Westerman R., Whiteford H. A., Widecka J., Wilner L. B., Wilson S., Winkler A. S., Wiysonge C. S., Wolfe C. D. A., Wu S., Wu Y. -C., Wyper G. M. A., Xavier D., Xu G., Yadgir S., Yadollahpour A., Yahyazadeh Jabbari S. H., Yakob B., Yan L. L., Yano Y., Yaseri M., Yasin Y. J., Yentur G. K., Yeshaneh A., Yimer E. M., Yip P., Yirsaw B. D., Yisma E., Yonemoto N., Yonga G., Yoon S. -J., Yotebieng M., Younis M. Z., Yousefifard M., Yu C., Zadnik V., Zaidi Z., Zaman S. B., Zamani M., Zare Z., Zeleke A. J., Zenebe Z. M., Zhang A. L., Zhang K., Zhou M., Zodpey S., Zuhlke L. J., Naghavi M., Murray C. J. L., Roth G. 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Abstract

GBD 2017 Causes of Death Collaborators. Global, regional, and national age-sex-specific mortality for 282 causes of death in 195 countries and territories, 1980–2017: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2017. Lancet 2018; 392: 1736–88—The bottom row in figure 7 was cut off. This correction has been made to the online version as of Nov 9, 2018, and has been made to the printed Article.

Published
2018

38. Global, regional, and national disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) for 359 diseases and injuries and healthy life expectancy (HALE) for 195 countries and territories, 1990-2017: A systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2017

Author

Kyu, H, Abate, D, Abate, K, Abay, S, Abbafati, C, Abbasi, N, Abbastabar, H, Abd-Allah, F, Abdela, J, Abdelalim, A, Abdollahpour, I, Abdulkader, R, Abebe, M, Abebe, Z, Abil, O, Aboyans, V, Abrham, A, Abu-Raddad, L, Abu-Rmeileh, N, Accrombessi, M, Acharya, D, Acharya, P, Ackerman, I, Adamu, A, Adebayo, O, Adekanmbi, V, Ademi, Z, Adetokunboh, O, Adib, M, Adsuar, J, Afanvi, K, Afarideh, M, Afshin, A, Agarwal, G, Agesa, K, Aggarwal, R, Aghayan, S, Agrawal, A, Ahmadi, A, Ahmadi, M, Ahmadieh, H, Ahmed, M, Ahmed, S, Aichour, A, Aichour, I, Aichour, M, Akinyemiju, T, Akseer, N, Al-Aly, Z, Al-Eyadhy, A, Al-Mekhlafi, H, Al-Raddadi, R, Alahdab, F, Alam, K, Alam, T, Alashi, A, Alavian, S, Alene, K, Alijanzadeh, M, Alizadeh-Navaei, R, Aljunid, S, Alkerwi, A, Alla, F, Allebeck, P, Alonso, J, Alsharif, U, Altirkawi, K, Alvis-Guzman, N, Aminde, L, Amini, E, Amiresmaili, M, Ammar, W, Amoako, Y, Anber, N, Andrei, C, Androudi, S, Animut, M, Anjomshoa, M, Ansha, M, Antonio, C, Anwari, P, Arabloo, J, Aremu, 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Salama, J, Salamati, P, Saleem, Z, Salimi, Y, Salimzadeh, H, Salomon, J, Salvi, S, Salz, I, Samy, A, Sanabria, J, Sanchez-Nino, M, Santomauro, D, Santos, I, Santos, J, Santric Milicevic, M, Sao Jose, B, Sardana, M, Sarker, A, Sarmiento-Suarez, R, Sarrafzadegan, N, Sartorius, B, Sarvi, S, Sathian, B, Satpathy, M, Sawant, A, Sawhney, M, Saxena, S, Schaeffner, E, Schmidt, M, Schneider, I, Schutte, A, Schwebel, D, Schwendicke, F, Scott, J, Sekerija, M, Sepanlou, S, Servan-Mori, E, Seyedmousavi, S, Shabaninejad, H, Shafieesabet, A, Shahbazi, M, Shaheen, A, Shaikh, M, Shams-Beyranvand, M, Shamsi, M, Sharafi, H, Sharafi, K, Sharif, M, Sharif-Alhoseini, M, Sharma, J, Sharma, R, She, J, Sheikh, A, Shi, P, Shibuya, K, Shiferaw, M, Shigematsu, M, Shiri, R, Shirkoohi, R, Shiue, I, Shokoohinia, Y, Shokraneh, F, Shoman, H, Shrime, M, Si, S, Siabani, S, Sibai, A, Siddiqi, T, Sigfusdottir, I, Sigurvinsdottir, R, Silva, D, Silva, J, Silveira, D, Singam, N, Singh, J, Singh, N, Singh, V, Sinha, D, Skiadaresi, E, Skirbekk, V, Sliwa, K, Smith, D, Smith, M, Filho, A, Sobaih, B, Sobhani, S, Soofi, M, Sorensen, R, Soyiri, I, Sposato, L, Sreeramareddy, C, Srinivasan, V, Stanaway, J, Starodubov, V, Stein, D, Steiner, C, Steiner, T, Stokes, M, Stovner, L, Subart, M, Sudaryanto, A, Sufiyan, M, Sulo, G, Sunguya, B, Sur, P, Sykes, B, Sylaja, P, Sylte, D, Szoeke, C, Tabares-Seisdedos, R, Tabuchi, T, Tadakamadla, S, Tandon, N, Tassew, S, Tavakkoli, M, Taveira, N, Taylor, H, Tehrani-Banihashemi, A, Tekalign, T, Tekelemedhin, S, Tekle, M, Temsah, M, Temsah, O, Terkawi, A, Tessema, B, Teweldemedhin, M, Thankappan, K, Theis, A, Thirunavukkarasu, S, Thomas, N, Tilahun, B, To, Q, Tonelli, M, Topor-Madry, R, Torre, A, Tortajada-Girbes, M, Touvier, M, Tovani-Palone, M, Towbin, J, Tran, B, Tran, K, Troeger, C, Tsadik, A, Tsoi, D, Tudor Car, L, Tyrovolas, S, Ukwaja, K, Ullah, I, Undurraga, E, Updike, R, Usman, M, Uthman, O, Vaduganathan, M, Vaezi, A, Valdez, P, Varavikova, E, Varughese, S, Vasankari, T, Venketasubramanian, N, Villafaina, S, Violante, F, Vladimirov, S, Vlassov, V, Vollset, S, Vos, T, Vosoughi, K, Vujcic, I, Wagnew, F, Waheed, Y, Wang, Y, Weiderpass, E, Weintraub, R, Weiss, D, Weldegebreal, F, Weldegwergs, K, Werdecker, A, West, T, Westerman, R, Whiteford, H, Widecka, J, Wijeratne, T, Williams, H, Wilner, L, Wilson, S, Winkler, A, Wiyeh, A, Wiysonge, C, Wolfe, C, Woolf, A, Wyper, G, Xavier, D, Xu, G, Yadgir, S, Yahyazadeh Jabbari, S, Yamada, T, Yan, L, Yano, Y, Yaseri, M, Yasin, Y, Yeshaneh, A, Yimer, E, Yip, P, Yisma, E, Yonemoto, N, Yoon, S, Yotebieng, M, Younis, M, Yousefifard, M, Yu, C, Zadnik, V, Zaidi, Z, Zaman, S, Zamani, M, Zandian, H, Zar, H, Zenebe, Z, Zipkin, B, Zhou, M, Zodpey, S, Zucker, I, Zuhlke, L, Murray, C, Kyu H. H., Abate D., Abate K. H., Abay S. M., Abbafati C., Abbasi N., Abbastabar H., Abd-Allah F., Abdela J., Abdelalim A., Abdollahpour I., Abdulkader R. S., Abebe M., Abebe Z., Abil O. Z., Aboyans V., Abrham A. R., Abu-Raddad L. J., Abu-Rmeileh N. M. E., Accrombessi M. M. K., Acharya D., Acharya P., Ackerman I. N., Adamu A. A., Adebayo O. M., Adekanmbi V., Ademi Z., Adetokunboh O. O., Adib M. G., Adsuar J. C., Afanvi K. A., Afarideh M., Afshin A., Agarwal G., Agesa K. M., Aggarwal R., Aghayan S. A., Agrawal A., Ahmadi A., Ahmadi M., Ahmadieh H., Ahmed M. B., Ahmed S., Aichour A. N., Aichour I., Aichour M. T. E., Akinyemiju T., Akseer N., Al-Aly Z., Al-Eyadhy A., Al-Mekhlafi H. M., Al-Raddadi R. M., Alahdab F., Alam K., Alam T., Alashi A., Alavian S. M., Alene K. A., Alijanzadeh M., Alizadeh-Navaei R., Aljunid S. M., Alkerwi A., Alla F., Allebeck P., Alonso J., Alsharif U., Altirkawi K., Alvis-Guzman N., Aminde L. N., Amini E., Amiresmaili M., Ammar W., Amoako Y. A., Anber N. H., Andrei C. L., Androudi S., Animut M. D., Anjomshoa M., Ansha M. G., Antonio C. A. T., Anwari P., Arabloo J., Aremu O., Arnlov J., Arora A., Arora M., Artaman A., Aryal K. K., Asayesh H., Ataro Z., Ausloos M., Avila-Burgos L., Avokpaho E. F. G. A., Awasthi A., Ayala Quintanilla B. P., Ayer R., Azzopardi P. S., Babazadeh A., Badali H., Balakrishnan K., Bali A. G., Banach M., Banoub J. A. M., Barac A., Barboza M. A., Barker-Collo S. L., Barnighausen T. W., Barquera S., Barrero L. H., Bazargan-Hejazi S., Bedi N., Beghi E., Behzadifar M., Bekele B. B., Bekru E. T., Belachew A. B., Belay Y. A., Bell M. L., Bello A. K., Bennett D. A., Bensenor I. M., Berhane A., Bernabe E., Bernstein R. S., Beuran M., Beyranvand T., Bhala N., Bhatt S., Bhaumik S., Bhutta Z. A., Biadgo B., Biehl M. H., Bijani A., Bikbov B., Bilano V., Bililign N., Bin Sayeed M. S., Bisanzio D., Bjorge T., Bleyer A., Bobasa E. M., Bou-Orm I. R., Boufous S., Bourne R., Brady O. J., Brant L. C., Brayne C., Brazinova A., Breitborde N. J. K., Brenner H., Briant P. S., Briko A. N., Britton G., Brugha T., Buchbinder R., Busse R., Butt Z. A., Cahuana-Hurtado L., Campuzano Rincon J. C., Cano J., Cardenas R., Carrero J. J., Carter A., Carvalho F., Castaneda-Orjuela C. A., Rivas J. C., Castro F., Catala-Lopez F., Cercy K. M., Cerin E., Chaiah Y., Chang J. -C., Charlson F. J., Chattu V. K., Chiang P. P. -C., Chitheer A., Choi J. -Y. J., Christensen H., Christopher D. J., Chung S. -C., Cicuttini F. M., Cirillo M., Collado-Mateo D., Cooper C., Cortesi P. A., Cortinovis M., Cousin E., Criqui M. H., Cromwell E. A., Cross M., Crump J. A., Daba A. K., Dachew B. A., Dadi A. F., Dandona L., Dandona R., Dargan P. I., Daryani A., Das Gupta R., Das Neves J., Dasa T. T., Davitoiu D. V., De La Hoz F. P., De Leo D., De Neve J. -W., De Steur H., Degefa M. G., Degenhardt L., Deiparine S., Demoz G. T., Denova-Gutierrez E., Deribe K., Dervenis N., Des Jarlais D. C., Dey S., Dharmaratne S. D., Dhimal M., Dinberu M. T., Dirac M. A., Djalalinia S., Doan L., Dokova K., Doku D. T., Dorsey E. R., Doyle K. E., Driscoll T. R., Dubey M., Dubljanin E., Duken E. E., Duncan B. B., Duraes A. R., Ebrahimi H., Ebrahimpour S., Echko M. M., Edessa D., Edvardsson D., Effiong A., Eggen A. E., Ehrlich J. R., El Bcheraoui C., El-Khatib Z., Elyazar I. R. F., Enayati A., Endalifer M. L., Endries A. Y., Er B., Erskine H. E., Eskandarieh S., Esteghamati A., Esteghamati S., Fakhim H., Faramarzi M., Fareed M., Farhadi F., Farid T. A., Sa Farinha C. S. E., Farioli A., Faro A., Farzadfar F., Fazaeli A. A., Feigin V. L., Fentahun N., Fereshtehnejad S. -M., Fernandes E., Fernandes J. C., Ferrari A. J., Ferreira M. L., Filip I., Fischer F., Fitzmaurice C., Foigt N. A., Foreman K. J., Frank T. D., Fukumoto T., Fullman N., Furst T., Furtado J. M., Gakidou E., Gall S., Gallus S., Ganji M., Garcia-Basteiro A. L., Gardner W. M., Gebre A. K., Gebremedhin A. T., Gebremichael T. G., Gelano T. F., Geleijnse J. M., Genova-Maleras R., Geramo Y. C. D., Gething P. W., Gezae K. E., Ghadami M. R., Ghadiri K., Ghasemi-Kasman M., Ghimire M., Ghoshal A. G., Gill P. S., Gill T. K., Ginawi I. A., Giussani G., Gnedovskaya E. V., Goldberg E. M., Goli S., Gomez-Dantes H., Gona P. N., Gopalani S. V., Gorman T. M., Goulart A. C., Goulart B. N. G., Grada A., Grosso G., Gugnani H. C., Guillemin F., Guo Y., Gupta P. C., Gupta R., Gupta T., Gutierrez R. A., Gyawali B., Haagsma J. A., Hachinski V., Hafezi-Nejad N., Bidgoli H. H., Hagos T. B., Hailegiyorgis T. T., Haj-Mirzaian A., Hamadeh R. R., Hamidi S., Handal A. J., Hankey G. J., Hao Y., Harb H. L., Harikrishnan S., Haririan H., Haro J. M., Hassankhani H., Hassen H. Y., Havmoeller R., Hay R. J., Hay S. I., Hedayatizadeh-Omran A., Heibati B., Hendrie D., Henok A., Heredia-Pi I., Herteliu C., Heydarpour F., Heydarpour P., Hibstu D. T., Hoek H. W., Hoffman H. J., Hole M. K., Rad E. H., Hoogar P., Hosgood H. D., Hosseini S. M., Hosseinzadeh M., Hostiuc M., Hostiuc S., Hotez P. J., Hoy D. G., Hsairi M., Htet A. S., Huang J. J., Iburg K. M., Ikeda C. T., Ilesanmi O. S., Irvani S. S. N., Irvine C. M. S., Islam S. M. S., Islami F., Jacobsen K. H., Jahangiry L., Jahanmehr N., Jain S. K., Jakovljevic M., James S. L., Jayatilleke A. U., Jeemon P., Jha R. P., Jha V., Ji J. S., Johnson C. O., Jonas J. B., Jonnagaddala J., Shushtari Z. J., Joshi A., Jozwiak J. J., Jungari S. B., Jurisson M., Kabir Z., Kadel R., Kahsay A., Kalani R., Kanchan T., Kar C., Karami M., Karami Matin B., Karch A., Karema C., Karimi N., Karimi S. M., Kasaeian A., Kassa D. H., Kassa G. M., Kassa T. D., Kassebaum N. J., Katikireddi S. V., Kaul A., Kawakami N., Kazemi Z., Kazemi Karyani A., Keighobadi M. M., Keiyoro P. N., Kemmer L., Kemp G. R., Kengne A. P., Keren A., Khader Y. S., Khafaei B., Khafaie M. A., Khajavi A., Khalid N., Khalil I. A., Khan E. A., Khan M. S., Khan M. A., Khang Y. -H., Khater M. M., Khazaei M., Khoja A. T., Khosravi A., Khosravi M. H., Kiadaliri A. A., Kidanemariam Z. T., Kiirithio D. N., Kim C. -I., Kim D., Kim Y. -E., Kim Y. J., Kimokoti R. W., Kinfu Y., Kisa A., Kissimova-Skarbek K., Knudsen A. K. S., Kocarnik J. M., Kochhar S., Kokubo Y., Kolola T., Kopec J. A., Kosen S., Kotsakis G. A., Koul P. A., Koyanagi A., Krishan K., Krishnaswami S., Krohn K. J., Defo B. K., Bicer B. K., Kumar G. A., Kumar M., Kuzin I., Lad D. P., Lad S. D., Lafranconi A., Lalloo R., Lallukka T., Lami F. H., Lang J. J., Langan S. M., Lansingh V. C., Latifi A., Lau K. M. -M., Lazarus J. V., Leasher J. L., Ledesma J. R., Lee P. H., Leigh J., Leili M., Leshargie C. T., Leung J., Levi M., Lewycka S., Li S., Li Y., Liang X., Liao Y., Liben M. L., Lim L. -L., Lim S. S., Limenih M. A., Linn S., Liu S., Looker K. J., Lopez A. D., Lorkowski S., Lotufo P. A., Lozano R., Lucas T. C. D., Lunevicius R., Lyons R. A., Ma S., Macarayan E. R. K., Mackay M. T., Maddison E. R., Madotto F., Maghavani D. P., Mai H. T., Majdan M., Majdzadeh R., Majeed A., Malekzadeh R., Malta D. C., Mamun A. A., Manda A. -L., Manguerra H., Mansournia M. A., Mantilla Herrera A. M., Mantovani L. G., Maravilla J. C., Marcenes W., Marks A., Martins-Melo F. R., Martopullo I., Marz W., Marzan M. B., Massano J., Massenburg B. B., Mathur M. R., Maulik P. K., Mazidi M., McAlinden C., McGrath J. J., McKee M., McMahon B. J., Mehata S., Mehrotra R., Mehta K. M., Mehta V., Mejia-Rodriguez F., Mekonen T., Melese A., Melku M., Memiah P. T. N., Memish Z. A., Mendoza W., Mengistu G., Mensah G. A., Mereta S. T., Meretoja A., Meretoja T. J., Mestrovic T., Miazgowski B., Miazgowski T., Millear A. I., Miller T. R., Mini G. K., Mirarefin M., Mirica A., Mirrakhimov E. M., Misganaw A. T., Mitchell P. B., Mitiku H., Moazen B., Mohajer B., Mohammad K. A., Mohammadi M., Mohammadifard N., Mohammadnia-Afrouzi M., Mohammed M. A., Mohammed S., Mohebi F., Mokdad A. H., Molokhia M., Monasta L., Montanez J. C., Moosazadeh M., Moradi G., Moradi M., Moradi-Lakeh M., Moradinazar M., Moraga P., Morawska L., Velasquez I. M., Morgado-Da-Costa J., Morrison S. D., Moschos M. M., Mousavi S. M., Mruts K. B., Muche A. A., Muchie K. F., Mueller U. O., Muhammed O. S., Mukhopadhyay S., Muller K., Mumford J. E., Murthy G. V. S., Musa K. I., Mustafa G., Nabhan A. F., Nagata C., Nagel G., Naghavi M., Naheed A., Nahvijou A., Naik G., Najafi F., Nam H. S., Nangia V., Nansseu J. R., Neamati N., Negoi I., Negoi R. I., Neupane S., Newton C. R. J., Ngunjiri J. W., Nguyen A. Q., Nguyen G., Nguyen H. T., Nguyen H. L. T., Nguyen L. H., Nguyen M., Nguyen N. B., Nguyen S. H., Nichols E., Ningrum D. N. A., Nixon M. R., Nomura S., Noroozi M., Norrving B., Noubiap J. J., Nouri H. R., Shiadeh M. N., Nowroozi M. R., Nsoesie E. O., Nyasulu P. S., Odell C. M., Ofori-Asenso R., Ogbo F. A., Oh I. -H., Oladimeji O., Olagunju A. T., Olagunju T. O., Olivares P. R., Olsen H. E., Olusanya B. O., Olusanya J. O., Ong K. L., Ong S. K., Oren E., Ortiz A., Ota E., Otstavnov S. S., Overland S., Owolabi M. O., Mahesh P. A., Pacella R., Pakhare A. P., Pakpour A. H., Pana A., Panda-Jonas S., Park E. -K., Park J., Parry C. D. H., Parsian H., Pasdar Y., Patel S., Patil S. T., Patle A., Patton G. C., Paturi V. R., Paudel D., Paulson K. R., Pearce N., Pereira A., Pereira D. M., Perico N., Pesudovs K., Petzold M., Pham H. Q., Phillips M. R., Pigott D. M., Pillay J. D., Piradov M. A., Pirsaheb M., Pishgar F., Plana-Ripoll O., Polinder S., Popova S., Postma M. J., Pourshams A., Poustchi H., Prabhakaran D., Prakash S., Prakash V., Prasad N., Purcell C. A., Qorbani M., Quistberg D. A., Radfar A., Rafay A., Rafiei A., Rahim F., Rahimi K., Rahimi Z., Rahimi-Movaghar A., Rahimi-Movaghar V., Rahman M., Ur Rahman M. H., Rahman M. A., Rahman S. U., Rai R. K., Rajati F., Ranjan P., Rao P. C., Rasella D., Rawaf D. L., Rawaf S., Reddy K. S., Reiner R. C., Reitsma M. B., Remuzzi G., Renzaho A. M. N., Resnikoff S., Rezaei S., Rezai M. S., Ribeiro A. L. P., Roberts N. L. S., Robinson S. R., Roever L., Ronfani L., Roshandel G., Rostami A., Roth G. A., Rothenbacher D., Rubagotti E., Sachdev P. S., Sadat N., Sadeghi E., Saeedi Moghaddam S., Safari H., Safari Y., Safari-Faramani R., Safdarian M., Safi S., Safiri S., Sagar R., Sahebkar A., Sahraian M. A., Sajadi H. S., Salam N., Salama J. S., Salamati P., Saleem Z., Salimi Y., Salimzadeh H., Salomon J. A., Salvi S. S., Salz I., Samy A. M., Sanabria J., Sanchez-Nino M. D., Santomauro D. F., Santos I. S., Santos J. V., Santric Milicevic M. M., Sao Jose B. P., Sardana M., Sarker A. R., Sarmiento-Suarez R., Sarrafzadegan N., Sartorius B., Sarvi S., Sathian B., Satpathy M., Sawant A. R., Sawhney M., Saxena S., Schaeffner E., Schmidt M. I., Schneider I. J. C., Schutte A. E., Schwebel D. C., Schwendicke F., Scott J. G., Sekerija M., Sepanlou S. G., Servan-Mori E., Seyedmousavi S., Shabaninejad H., Shafieesabet A., Shahbazi M., Shaheen A. A., Shaikh M. A., Shams-Beyranvand M., Shamsi M., Sharafi H., Sharafi K., Sharif M., Sharif-Alhoseini M., Sharma J., Sharma R., She J., Sheikh A., Shi P., Shibuya K., Shiferaw M. S., Shigematsu M., Shiri R., Shirkoohi R., Shiue I., Shokoohinia Y., Shokraneh F., Shoman H., Shrime M. G., Si S., Siabani S., Sibai A. M., Siddiqi T. J., Sigfusdottir I. D., Sigurvinsdottir R., Silva D. A. S., Silva J. P., Silveira D. G. A., Singam N. S. V., Singh J. A., Singh N. P., Singh V., Sinha D. N., Skiadaresi E., Skirbekk V., Sliwa K., Smith D. L., Smith M., Filho A. M. S., Sobaih B. H., Sobhani S., Soofi M., Sorensen R. J. D., Soyiri I. N., Sposato L. A., Sreeramareddy C. T., Srinivasan V., Stanaway J. D., Starodubov V. I., Stein D. J., Steiner C., Steiner T. J., Stokes M. A., Stovner L. J., Subart M. L., Sudaryanto A., Sufiyan M. B., Sulo G., Sunguya B. F., Sur P. J., Sykes B. L., Sylaja P. N., Sylte D. O., Szoeke C. E. I., Tabares-Seisdedos R., Tabuchi T., Tadakamadla S. K., Tandon N., Tassew S. G., Tavakkoli M., Taveira N., Taylor H. R., Tehrani-Banihashemi A., Tekalign T. G., Tekelemedhin S. W., Tekle M. G., Temsah M. -H., Temsah O., Terkawi A. S., Tessema B., Teweldemedhin M., Thankappan K. R., Theis A., Thirunavukkarasu S., Thomas N., Tilahun B., To Q. G., Tonelli M., Topor-Madry R., Torre A. E., Tortajada-Girbes M., Touvier M., Tovani-Palone M. R., Towbin J. A., Tran B. X., Tran K. B., Troeger C. E., Tsadik A. G., Tsoi D., Tudor Car L., Tyrovolas S., Ukwaja K. N., Ullah I., Undurraga E. A., Updike R. L., Usman M. S., Uthman O. A., Vaduganathan M., Vaezi A., Valdez P. R., Varavikova E., Varughese S., Vasankari T. J., Venketasubramanian N., Villafaina S., Violante F. S., Vladimirov S. K., Vlassov V., Vollset S. E., Vos T., Vosoughi K., Vujcic I. S., Wagnew F. S., Waheed Y., Wang Y., Wang Y. -P., Weiderpass E., Weintraub R. G., Weiss D. J., Weldegebreal F., Weldegwergs K. G., Werdecker A., West T. E., Westerman R., Whiteford H. A., Widecka J., Wijeratne T., Williams H. C., Wilner L. B., Wilson S., Winkler A. S., Wiyeh A. B., Wiysonge C. S., Wolfe C. D. A., Woolf A. D., Wyper G. M. A., Xavier D., Xu G., Yadgir S., Yahyazadeh Jabbari S. H., Yamada T., Yan L. L., Yano Y., Yaseri M., Yasin Y. J., Yeshaneh A., Yimer E. M., Yip P., Yisma E., Yonemoto N., Yoon S. -J., Yotebieng M., Younis M. Z., Yousefifard M., Yu C., Zadnik V., Zaidi Z., Zaman S. B., Zamani M., Zandian H., Zar H. J., Zenebe Z. M., Zipkin B., Zhou M., Zodpey S., Zucker I., Zuhlke L. J., and Murray C. J. L.

Abstract

Background: How long one lives, how many years of life are spent in good and poor health, and how the population's state of health and leading causes of disability change over time all have implications for policy, planning, and provision of services. We comparatively assessed the patterns and trends of healthy life expectancy (HALE), which quantifies the number of years of life expected to be lived in good health, and the complementary measure of disability-adjusted lifeyears (DALYs), a composite measure of disease burden capturing both premature mortality and prevalence and severityof ill health, for 359 diseases and injuries for 195 countries and territories over the past 28 years. Methods We used data for age-speci?c mortality rates, years of life lost (YLLs) due to premature mortality, and years lived with disability (YLDs) from the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study (GBD) 2017 to calculate HALE and DALYs from 1990 to 2017. We calculated HALE using age-specific mortality rates and YLDs per capita for each location, age, sex, and year. We calculated DALYs for 359 causes as the sum of YLLs and YLDs. We assessed how observed HALE and DALYs differed by country and sex from expected trends based on Sociodemographic Index (SDI). We also analysed HALE by decomposing years of life gained into years spent in good health and in poor health, between 1990 and 2017, and extra years lived by females compared with males. Findings Globally, from 1990 to 2017, life expectancy at birth increased by 7·4 years (95% uncertainty interval 7·1-7·8), from 65·6 years (65·3-65·8) in 1990 to 73·0 years (72·7-73·3) in 2017. The increase in years of life varied from 5·1 years (5·0-5·3) in high SDI countries to 12·0 years (11·3-12·8) in low SDI countries. Of the additional years of life expected at birth, 26·3% (20·1-33·1) were expected to be spent in poor health in high SDI countries compared with 11·7% (8·8-15·1) in low-middle SDI countries. HALE at birth increased

Published
2018

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