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1. Physical activity and life-limiting conditions.

Author

Sheill, Gráinne, Afolabi, Jide, McMahon, Margaret, Crowley, Jonathon, and Guinan, Emer

Subjects
COMMUNITY health services, NURSE-patient relationships, PALLIATIVE treatment, THERAPEUTICS, QUESTIONNAIRES, CONTENT analysis, EXERCISE therapy, CATASTROPHIC illness, DESCRIPTIVE statistics, QUANTITATIVE research, JUDGMENT sampling, NURSING, NURSE practitioners, INFORMATION needs, NURSES' attitudes, QUALITY of life, NEEDS assessment, PHYSICAL activity
Abstract

Background: Physical activity can assist people with life-limiting conditions to maintain their wellbeing and quality of life. Aims: To explore the views of clinical nurse specialists (CNS) working in community palliative care towards the role of physical activity for people with life-limiting conditions, and to explore the physical activity needs of patients with life-limiting conditions identified by CNSs. Methods: A purposive sample of CNSs working in community palliative care received an anonymous online survey via email. Findings: The response rate was 66% (n=20). Most respondents were practicing for over 20 years (60%, n=12). All respondents (100%, n=20) reported they would like further information on the role of exercise for palliative populations. The main perceived benefit of physical activity was to improve quality of life (95%, n=18). A lack of physical activity guidelines for people living with life-limiting conditions was the most commonly reported barrier to engaging in discussions around physical activity (74%, n=14). Conclusion: Further education opportunities on the role of physical activity for patients living with life-limiting conditions are needed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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3. Systematic Review and Expert Consensus on the Use of Orthoses (Splints and Casts) with Adults and Children after Burn Injury to Determine Practice Guidelines

Author

Parry, Ingrid S, Schneider, Jeffrey C, Yelvington, Miranda, Sharp, Patricia, Serghiou, Michael, Ryan, Colleen M, Richardson, Elizabeth, Pontius, Kara, Niszczak, Jonathan, McMahon, Margaret, MacDonald, Lori E, Lorello, David, Kehrer, Catherine Knox, Godleski, Matthew, Forbes, Lisa, Duch, Sarah, Crump, Donna, Chouinard, Annick, Calva, Valerie, Bills, Sara, Benavides, Lynne, Acharya, Hernish J, De Oliveira, Ana, Boruff, Jill, and Nedelec, Bernadette

Published
2020
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5. Performance of a Hub-Based Network-Centric Application over the Iridium Satellite Network

Author

McMahon, Margaret M., Firkin, Eric C., Hutchison, David, editor, Kanade, Takeo, editor, Kittler, Josef, editor, Kleinberg, Jon M., editor, Mattern, Friedemann, editor, Mitchell, John C., editor, Naor, Moni, editor, Nierstrasz, Oscar, editor, Pandu Rangan, C., editor, Steffen, Bernhard, editor, Sudan, Madhu, editor, Terzopoulos, Demetri, editor, Tygar, Dough, editor, Vardi, Moshe Y., editor, Weikum, Gerhard, editor, Lorenz, Pascal, editor, and Dini, Petre, editor

Published
2005
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6. Problem-Based Learning and Creative Instructional Approaches for Laboratory Exercises in Introductory Crop Science

Author

Teplitski, Max and McMahon, Margaret J.

Abstract

The implementation of problem-based learning (PBL) and other inquiry-driven educational techniques is often resisted by both faculty and students, who may not be comfortable with this learning/instructional style. We present here a hybrid approach, which combines elements of expository education with inquiry-driven laboratory exercises and educational games. A web-assisted instruction was also used during two of the four quarters when this introductory crop science course was offered in this format. The hybrid approach was developed to ease the transition to PBL. Because students' attitudes toward the course often contribute to the learning outcome, their responses to the course were evaluated based on a standard questionnaire. The results indicate that students' attitudes toward the effectiveness of learning correlated mostly with their attitude toward the instructor, even though both instructors used similar teaching techniques. (Contains 1 figure and 1 table.)

Published
2006

18. Nutritionally complete prepared meal plan to reduce cardiovascular risk factors: a randomized clinical trial

Author

Haynes, R. Brian, Kris-Etherton, Penny, McCarron, David A., Oparil, Suzanne, Chait, Alan, Resnick, Lawrence M., Morris, Cynthia D., Clark, Sharon, Hatton, Daniel C., Metz, Jill A., McMahon, Margaret, Holcomb, Scott, Snyder, Geoffrey W., Pi-Sunyer, F. Xavier, and Stern, Judith S.

Subjects
Diet therapy -- Research, Hospital patients -- Food and nutrition, Food/cooking/nutrition, Research, Food and nutrition
Abstract

Objective To compare a nutritionally complete prepared meal plan that meets national dietary guidelines to usual-care dietary therapy for hypertension, dyslipidemia, and glycemic control. Design Randomized, controlled trial. Subjects/setting Outpatients with hypertension, dyslipidemia, or diabetes mellitus (n=251) were recruited at 6 medical centers in the United States and Canada. Intervention The prepared meal plan, which was developed by university-based nutrition and cardiovascular scientists and food technologists at Campbell's Center for Nutrition & Wellness (CCNW), provided the optimal levels of macronutrients and micronutrients recommended for cardiovascular risk reduction in a variety of prepackaged meals and snacks. After a 4-week pretrial period to assess baseline state, participants were randomized to the CCNW plan or 'usual-care' diet for 10 weeks. Main outcome measures Blood pressure, carbohydrate metabolism, lipoproteins, homocysteine, weight, nutrient intake, compliance. Statistical analyses performed Repeated measures analysis of variance. Results Lipaproteins, carbohydrate metabolism, blood pressure, and weight improved on both plans. Mean differences (±standard deviation) between baseline and follow-up for the CCNW plan and the usual-care plan, respectively, were total cholesterol, -0.41±0.64 and -0.20±0.50 mmol/L (between-group P, Dietary modifications are the cornerstone of expert and consensus recommendations for the prevention and treatment of dyslipidemia, diabetes mellitus, and hypertension (1-5). Unfortunately, patients have great difficulty adhering to dietary [...]

Published
1999

25. Systematic Review and Expert Consensus on the Use of Orthoses (Splints and Casts) with Adults and Children after Burn Injury to Determine Practice Guidelines

Author

Parry, Ingrid S, primary, Schneider, Jeffrey C, primary, Yelvington, Miranda, primary, Sharp, Patricia, primary, Serghiou, Michael, primary, Ryan, Colleen M, primary, Richardson, Elizabeth, primary, Pontius, Kara, primary, Niszczak, Jonathan, primary, McMahon, Margaret, primary, MacDonald, Lori E, primary, Lorello, David, primary, Kehrer, Catherine Knox, primary, Godleski, Matthew, primary, Forbes, Lisa, primary, Duch, Sarah, primary, Crump, Donna, primary, Chouinard, Annick, primary, Calva, Valerie, primary, Bills, Sara, primary, Benavides, Lynne, primary, Acharya, Hernish J, primary, De Oliveira, Ana, primary, Boruff, Jill, primary, and Nedelec, Bernadette, primary

Published
2019
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27. Dietary compliance and cardiovascular risk reduction with a prepared meal plan compared with a self-selected diet

Author

Metz, Jill A., Kris-Etherton, Penny M., Morris, Cynthia D., Mustad, Vikkie A., Stern, Judith S., Oparil, Suzanne, Chait, Alan, Haynes, R. Brian, Resnick, Lawrence M., Clark, Sharon, Hatton, Daniel C., McMahon, Margaret, Holcomb, Scott, Snyder, Geoffrey W., Pi-Sunyer, F. Xavier, and McCarron, David A.

Subjects
Cardiovascular diseases -- Prevention, Diet therapy -- Evaluation, Food/cooking/nutrition, Health
Abstract

Noncompliance with therapeutic diets remains a major obstacle to achieving improvements in cardiovascular disease (CVD) morbidity and mortality. This study compared dietary compliance and CVD risk factor response to two dietary interventions designed to treat hypertension, dyslipidemia, and diabetes mellitus. In a multicenter trial, 560 adults were randomly assigned to either a self-selected, mixed-food plan (n = 277), or a nutrient-fortified prepared meal plan (n = 283); each was designed to provide 15-20% of energy from fat, 55-60% from carbohydrate, and 15-20% from protein. Nutrient intake was estimated from 3-d food records collected biweekly throughout the 10-wk intervention. Compliance was determined by evaluating the participants' ability to meet specific criteria for energy intake [+ or -] 420 kJ (100 kcal) from the midpoint of the prescribed energy range], fat intake (< 20%, < 25%, or < 30% of energy from total fat), and the National Cholesterol Education Program/American Heart Association Step 1 and 2 diet recommendations. Compliance with energy, fat, and Step 1 and 2 criteria was better in participants who followed the prepared meal plan than in those who followed the self-selected diet (P < 0.0001). Compliant participants in both groups achieved greater reductions in body weight, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, and total and low-density-lipoprotein cholesterol than noncompliant participants (P < 0.05). In general, better endpoint responses were observed with lower fat intakes regardless of group assignment. The prepared meal plan is a simple and effective strategy for meeting the many nutrient recommendations for CVD risk reduction and improving dietary compliance and CVD endpoints. Am J Clin Nutr 1997;66:373-85.

Published
1997

29. Improved quality of life in patients with generalized cardiovascular metabolic disease on a prepared diet

Author

Hatton, Daniel C., Haynes, Robert Brian, Oparil, Suzanne, Kris-Etherton, Penny, Pi-Sunyer, F. Xavier, Resnick, Lawrence M., Stern, Judith S., Clark, Sharon, McMahon, Margaret, Morris, Cynthia, Metz, Jill, Ward, Ann, Holcomb, Scott, and McCarron, David A.

Subjects
Quality of life -- Health aspects, Cardiovascular diseases -- Prevention, Diet in disease -- Research, Nutrition -- Requirements, Food/cooking/nutrition, Health
Abstract

Current dietary recommendations for cardiovascular disease risk reduction and recommended dietary allowances (RDAs) were used to develop a nutritionally complete prepackaged prepared meal plan specifically designed to reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease. In the current study we tested patient acceptance of the diet as defined by measures of quality of life. In a randomized, parallel-design, multicenter clinical trial, 77 persons with hypertension, diabetes mellitus, dyslipidemia, or a combination of two or more of these conditions were recruited and randomly assigned to either a prepared meal plan (n = 39) or a comparable self-selected diet (n = 38) for 10 wk. The prepared meal plan met both the RDAs for all essential micronutrients and the dietary recommendations of national health organizations for macronutrients, cholesterol, sodium, and fiber. The prescribed self-selected diet was matched for macronutrients. Quality of life, as measured by a battery of instruments, was the major endpoint. Individuals consuming the prepared meal plan had significant improvements in mental health (P < 0.01), general perceived health (P < 0.005), daily activities (P < 0.05), work performance (P < 0.005), affect (P < 0.01), and nutritional health perceptions (P < 0.001), and reductions in nutrition hassles based on a standardized questionnaire (P < 0.001). The self-selected-diet group had significant improvements in nutritional health perceptions (P < 0.001) and affect (P < 0.001). There were significant improvements in weight (P < 0.001), blood pressure (P < 0.001), cholesterol (P < 0.002), low-density lipoproteins (P < 0.001), glucose (P < 0.014), and glycated hemoglobin (Hb [A.sub.1c]) (P < 0.004) that were comparable in both groups. In summary, this study shows that a nutritionally complete diet, whether prepackaged or self-selected, improves multiple risk factors for cardiovascular disease. The prepackaged prepared meal plan had the added benefit of a greater improvement in quality of life.

Published
1996

30. Spectral filtering for plant production

Author

Young, Roy E, Mcmahon, Margaret J, Rajapakse, Nihal C, and Decoteau, Dennis R

Subjects
Life Sciences (General)
Abstract

Both plants and animals have one general commonality in their perception of light. They both are sensitive primarily to the 400 to 700 nm wavelength portion of the electromagnetic spectrum. This is referred to as the visible spectrum for animals and as the photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) spectrum for plants. Within this portion of the spectrum, animals perceive colors. Relatively recently it has been learned that within this same spectral range plants also demonstrate varying responses at different wavelengths, somewhat analogous to the definition of various colors at specific wavelengths. Although invisible to the human eye, portions of the electromagnetic spectrum on either side of the visible range are relatively inactive photosynthetically but have been found to influence important biological functions. These portions include the ultraviolet (UV approximately equal to 280-400 nm) and the far-red (FR approximately equal to 700-800 nm). The basic photoreceptor of plants for photosynthesis is chlorophyll. It serves to capture radiant energy which combined with carbon dioxide and water produces oxygen and assimulated carbon, used for the synthesis of cell wall polysaccarides, proteins, membrane lipids and other cellular constituents. The energy and carbon building blocks of photosynthesis sustain growth of plants. On the other hand, however, there are other photoreceptors, or pigments, that function as signal transducers to provide information that controls many physiological and morphological responses of how a plant grows. Known photomorphogenic receptors include phytochrome (the red/far-red sensor in the narrow bands of 655-665 nm and 725-735 nm ranges, respectively) and 'cryptochrome' (the hypothetical UV-B sensor in the 280-320 nm range). Since the USDA team of W. L. Butler, S. B. Hendricks, H. A. Borthwick, H. A. Siegleman and K. Norris in Beltsville, MD detected by spectroscopy, extracted and identified phytochrome as a protein in the 1950's, many other investigators have found evidence of its control functions in plants. Considerably less, however, is known about the yet non-isolated cryptochrome. The information-transferring roles of photoreceptors in plants at specific spectral ranges quite naturally stimulated plant scientists and engineers to consider physically manipulating light to achieve desired physiological and morphological characteristics. One way to manipulate light is to filter it through materials that selectively transmit portions of the sun's spectrum in and near the PAR range.

Published
1994

32. Small stuff

Author

McMahon, Margaret, Peninger, Mary, Rott, Joanna Randolph, Goldstein, Tina, Cox, Velma E., and MacDonald, Beth

Subjects
Handicraft -- Methods, Embroidery -- Methods, Fabric pictures -- Methods, Hobbies and crafts
Published
1990

33. Marital functioning after cardiac surgery

Author

Miller, Patricia, Wikoff, Richard, McMahon, Margaret, Garrett, Mary Jane, and Ringel, Kathleen

Subjects
Myocardial revascularization -- Social aspects, Communication in marriage -- Health aspects, Heart, Heart attack -- Social aspects, Cardiac patients -- Care and treatment, Health
Abstract

A heart attack is a life-threatening event that results from a decrease in blood flow to the heart, and afterward often drastically changes a patient's relationship with a spouse. The heart attack patient is frequently isolated from the worries of the outside world, but the spouse often has to deal with both home and work responsibilities. The patient's spouse is often angry, frustrated, and resentful because of the unclear responsibilities he or she faces during the patient's recuperative period. The spouse may use a variety of coping mechanisms, but often suffers from anxiety and depression, fearing that the patient will have another heart attack, especially if sexual activity is resumed. Worries concerning the financial status of the couple also prevail. A recent study of 136 patients who were operated on for heart disease were examined with their spouses to assess the extent of the spouse's anxiety; how the spouse coped with problems; how the couple complied with directions for follow-up care; and how the couple related to each other. Couples that functioned very well in the recuperative phase were characterized by low anxiety of the spouse. Additionally, those couples that confronted their problems and engaged in positive constructive interactions had a easier time dealing with the recuperative period. Since spouse anxiety directly relates to how well the couple will function after a heart attack, it is suggested that the spouse be included in the patient's rehabilitation program and receive counseling on how to cope with the patient's condition. (Consumer Summary produced by Reliance Medical Information, Inc.)

Published
1990

34. Development of Skill in Reading-while-Listening.

Author

McMahon, Margaret L.

Abstract

First and third grade children's ability to coordinate reading and listening was studied using a "mismatch detection" task. A total of 15 first grade children and 15 third grade children of average to below average reading ability read printed texts while listening to recordings of the same texts, in which extraneous spoken words were occasionally substituted for words appearing on the page. The children were instructed to signal each time they detected a mismatch between what they were reading and what they heard. The data indicated that even the first graders had little difficulty simultaneously extracting information from aural and printed versions of texts recorded at rates slower than that of typical "read-along" tape recordings, but that children in both grades performed poorly at typical "read-along" rates. The results suggest that many primary school children might have difficulty reading along with the audiotapes of books and stories currently available for instructional use. (Author/GT)

Published
1980

36. Increased dietary micronutrients decrease serum homocysteine concentrations in patients at high risk of cardiovascular disease1-3

Author

Chait, Alan, Malinow, M Rene, Nevin, David N, Morris, Cynthia D, Eastgard, Rebecca L, Kris-Etherton, Penny, Pi-Sunyer, F Xavier, Oparil, Suzanne, Resnick, Lawrence M, Stern, Judith S, Haynes, R Brian, Hatton, Daniel C, Metz, Jill A, Clark, Sharon, McMahon, Margaret, Holcomb, Scott, Reusser, Molly E, Snyder, Geoffrey W, and McCarron, David A

Published
1999
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40. Root Growth, Calcite Precipitation, and Gas and Water Movement in Fractures and Macropores: A Review with Field Observations(1)

Author

McMahon, Margaret J. and Christy, Ann D.

Subjects
Glacial landforms -- Environmental aspects -- Research, Roots (Botany) -- Environmental aspects -- Research, Calcite -- Environmental aspects -- Research, Porosity -- Environmental aspects -- Research, Groundwater flow -- Environmental aspects -- Research, Soil structure -- Environmental aspects -- Research, Plant-soil relationships -- Research -- Environmental aspects, Education, Engineering and manufacturing industries, Science and technology, Research, Environmental aspects
Abstract

ABSTRACT. Recent research on the presence and dynamic nature of fractures and soil macropores has generated interest in their impact on root growth in minimally disturbed soils due to no-till [...]

Published
2000

43. Practice Guidelines for the Application of Nonsilicone or Silicone Gels and Gel Sheets After Burn Injury

Author

Nedelec, Bernadette, primary, Carter, Alissa, additional, Forbes, Lisa, additional, Hsu, Shu-Chuan Chen, additional, McMahon, Margaret, additional, Parry, Ingrid, additional, Ryan, Colleen M., additional, Serghiou, Michael A., additional, Schneider, Jeffrey C., additional, Sharp, Patricia A., additional, de Oliveira, Ana, additional, and Boruff, Jill, additional

Published
2015
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44. Lessons Learned in Cyberspace Security

Author

ANRC LLC SAN ANTONIO TX, McMahon, Margaret M, DeLooze, Lori, ANRC LLC SAN ANTONIO TX, McMahon, Margaret M, and DeLooze, Lori

Abstract

The lessons learned in cyberspace operations continue to shape cybersecurity education. When a computer is connected to any network, it is immediately vulnerable to both direct and automated attacks. The number of threats in cyberspace are beyond those experienced in the physical world. After analyzing the history and shape of evolving cyberthreats, several key concepts emerge. In keeping with the theme of Lessons Learned from Research and Operations, the authors discuss their lessons learned about cybersecurity. Their experience was gained during their years in operational communities, doing test and evaluation, and later, as educators of military and DoD students. The intent of this paper is to bridge the language and topics of malware used in academia to the operational community, and to provide a lingua franca to support a dialog between the communities. We enumerate the top ten concepts that operators, developers, maintainers, and managers need to address to stay safe in cyberspace. Each concept is briefly discussed; its impacts are explained; the main takeaways; and the relevance to Command and Control (C2). The paper also discusses how individuals can continue to increase their awareness of cybersecurity threats and vulnerabilities., Presented at the 19th International Command & Control Research & Technology Symposium (ICCRTS) held 16-19 June, 2014 in Alexandria, VA. Document includes briefing charts (35 slides).

Published
2014

46. Measuring Latency in Iridium Satellite Constellation Data Services

Author

NAVAL ACADEMY ANNAPOLIS MD DEPT OF COMPUTER SCIENCE, McMahon, Margaret M., Rathburn, Robert, NAVAL ACADEMY ANNAPOLIS MD DEPT OF COMPUTER SCIENCE, McMahon, Margaret M., and Rathburn, Robert

Abstract

The use of Satellite Communications (SATCOM) has become essential to operations in both Afghanistan and Iraq. In particular, the Iridium satellite constellation has demonstrated its usefulness and flexibility. It has had significant impact on how operations are conducted. Iridium provides users both voice and data services. There are two approaches to sending data over the Iridium network: a circuit-switched data service and message-switched data service. Use of the circuit-switched data service requires the overhead of a setup in the same manner as a voice call. There are two message-switched data services: Short Burst Data (SBD) and Short Message Service (SMS). Our testing involves the SBD message-switched data service, which is optimized for high capacity and efficiency when sending small amounts of data through the Iridium network. While there are many users for these services, little information can be found about their actual performance in fielded systems. The best sources of information are specifications or modeling of the performance of these services. We perceived that understanding the underlying network performance was needed, and we established experiments to capture that performance. We present results from both circuit-switched data service and message-switched SBD data service. We also address insights into the use of these services., Presented at the International Command and Control Research and Technology Symposium (ICCRTS) (10th), held in McLean, VA, on 13-16 Jun 2005. Published in the Proceedings of ICCRTS, Paper #233, 2005. Prepared in collaboration with ISDI Technologies, Inc., Honolulu, HI. Includes briefing charts in addition to text. The original document contains color images.

Published
2005

48. Network Centric Warfare for Coalition Integrated Defense Against Terrorism

Author

SOLIPSYS CORP LAUREL MD, Firkin, Eric C., McMahon, Margaret M., SOLIPSYS CORP LAUREL MD, Firkin, Eric C., and McMahon, Margaret M.

Abstract

The tragic events of 9-11, terrorist actions in Russia and the Philippines, along with cancellations of several international civilian air flights, have brought the world closer in forming an alliance pitting industrialized nations against less technically advanced, but extremely dedicated, international terrorists. The ability to operate as independent nations in this fight against loosely defined organizations requires a tightly netted collaboration of military and inter-governmental organizations working as a single entity, while maintaining some level of national independence. Through the use of a demonstrated Network-Centric Warfare (NCW) solution, called Tactical Component Network (TCN), countries exchange information among designated mission-centric groups with the distribution of data and its fidelity determined by the data's owner. TCN can use a local environment for small real-time operations or a global hub network that will integrate coalition partners in a shared network of sensors and intelligence information. TCN allows individual nations stove-piped systems to share data, common pictures, and intelligence information for any region of interest. The TCN architecture has successfully been demonstrated by the United States military in a variety of stressing applications. To facilitate the detection and neutralization of terrorists, this same infrastructure can support multi-national applications., The original document contains color images.

Published
2004

49. Architecture for a Truly Integrated Defense Network

Author

SOLIPSYS CORP LAUREL MD, Firkin, Eric C., McMahon, Margaret M., SOLIPSYS CORP LAUREL MD, Firkin, Eric C., and McMahon, Margaret M.

Abstract

The National Capital Region (NCR) of the United States of America (U.S.) is a microcosm of all that is difficult in creating a regional, integrated defense against terrorism: multiple civil jurisdictions, target-rich environment, and the requirement to involve many organizations in any decision. The Region's current defense lacks a truly Integrated Defense System (IDS). Through the use of a demonstrated and available Network-Centric Warfare (NCW) solution, there can be significant improvement in the timeline and quality of decision makers' response to threats. Regional radar systems have an effective data path to military fighter aircraft and missile batteries in the NCR; however, there are other governmental, non-military systems generating data that could also contribute to the real-time picture. This nonmilitary data cannot always flow to decision makers, and when it does, inconsistencies between the disparate systems require human input to resolve. An NCW application would allow these stovepipe systems to share data, thus producing a common picture of the Region. The Tactical Component Network (TCN(Registered) provides an architecture that is successfully deployed by the U.S. military today and can be implemented immediately. The more complete and common picture provided by TCN reduces the threat response timeline., The original document contains color images.

Published
2004

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