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8. Malayic languages

Author

Adelaar, A, Schapper, A, McDonnell, B, Wu, J, Mckinnon, T, Adelaar, A, Schapper, A, McDonnell, B, Wu, J, and Mckinnon, T

Abstract

A typological overview of Malayic languages and dialects detailing their phonology, morphology and syntax.

Published
2023

9. Predictors of vitamin D status in subjects that consume a vitamin D supplement

Author

Levy, M.A., McKinnon, T., Barker, T., Dern, A., Helland, T., Robertson, J., Cuomo, J., Wood, T., and Dixon, B.M.

Subjects
Vitamin D -- Health aspects, Dietary supplements -- Health aspects, Food/cooking/nutrition, Health
Abstract

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVE: Although dietary supplement use has increased significantly among the general population, the interplay between vitamin D supplementation and other factors that influence vitamin D status remains unclear. The objective of this study was to identify predictor variables of vitamin D status in free-living subjects to determine the extent to which vitamin D supplements and other factors influence vitamin D status. SUBJECTS/METHODS: This was a retrospective, cross-sectional study involving 743 volunteers. Serum 25-hydroxy-vitamin D (25(OH)D) level and the variables diet, supplement usage, latitude of residence, ethnicity, age and body mass index (BMI) were used to predict vitamin D status in a summer and winter cohort. RESULTS: Supplemental vitamin D3 consumption was the most significant positive predictor, whereas BMI was the most significant negative predictor, of vitamin D status in each cohort. Other positive predictors were fortified beverage and dairy consumption in the summer and winter cohort, respectively. Negative predictors were: African American, Asian and Hispanic race in the summer; latitude of residence >36[degrees]N, Asian and Hispanic ethnicity in the winter. Mean ([+ or -]s.d.) 25(OH)D levels were 101.1 ([+ or -]42.1) and 92.6 ([+ or -]39.0) nmol/l in summer and winter, respectively. Comparing non-supplement vs supplement users, approximately 38 vs 2.5% in the winter and 18 vs 1.4% in the summer had vitamin D levels CONCLUSIONS: Vitamin D supplementation was the most significant positive predictor of vitamin D status. Collectively, these data point to the practicality of utilizing vitamin D supplements to reduce hypovitaminosis D in adults throughout the United States. European Journal of Clinical Nutrition (2015) 69, 84-89; doi: 10.1038/ejcn.2014.133; published online 16 July 2014, INTRODUCTION Numerous factors impact vitamin D status in humans, including dietary intake, skin color, season of the year and geographic latitude. (1,2) For most individuals, the latter three factors play [...]

Published
2015
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15. The role of boron on exchange coupling in NiFe/Ru1−xBx/FeCo trilayer structures

Author

Mckinnon, T., (0000-0002-5200-6928) Hübner, R., Heinrich, B., Girt, E., Mckinnon, T., (0000-0002-5200-6928) Hübner, R., Heinrich, B., and Girt, E.

Abstract

In this work, we study the interlayer exchange coupling, J, between two NiFe and FeCo layers in a series of NiFe/Ru1-xBx(d)/FeCo synthetic antiferromagnet (SAF) samples, where the thickness of the spacer layer, d, is varied from 0.4 nm to 0.9 nm, and the boron concentration, x, is varied from 0 to 15 at. %. The samples are studied as deposited and after being annealed at 250 °C. B is deposited into the Ru spacer layer to investigate what occurs after annealing a FeCoB/Ru/FeCoB SAF structure, which is commonly used in modern nanoscale magnetic devices, in which the FeCoB layer crystallizes to FeCo and B diffuses to adjacent layers. We find that J in as-deposited samples is relatively unaffected by adding up to 15% B into the Ru spacer layer. However, after annealing at 250 °C, J changes the sign from antiferromagnetic coupling to ferromagnetic coupling for spacer layers thinner than 0.45 nm for 5% and 10% B and thinner than 0.525 nm for 15% B. We used transmission electron microscopy energy-dispersive x-ray spectroscopy in order to investigate the diffusion of atoms within a similar Ta(2.5 nm)/NiFe(0.8 nm)/Ru1-xBx(23 nm) layer structure. We find that after annealing at 250 °C, the sample containing 15% B within the Ru85B15 layer had significantly more diffusion of Fe into the Ru85B15 layer, from the NiFe layer, as compared to the sample with 0% B. Thus, the presence of B within the spacer layer enhances diffusion of Fe into the spacer layer.

Published
2020

24. INTRODUCTION

Author

Muscedere, John, Bebenek, Sarah Grace, Stockley, Denise, Kinderman, Laura, Barrie, Carol, Salim, S., Warkentin, L., Gallivan, A., Churchill, T., Baracos, V., Khadaroo, R., McCullough, J., Keller, H., Vesnaver, E., Marcus, H., Lister, T., Nasser, R., Belley, L., Laur, C., Gainer, R., Moorhouse, P., Mallery, L., Hirsch, G., Hamilton, G., Wheeler, K., Di Michelle, J., Lalu, M.M, McIsaac, D. I, Mallery, K., Theou, O., Goldstein, J., Armstrong, J., Webb, J., Greene, J., Doyle, E., Douglas, B., Lee, J., Rockwood, K., Whitty, R., Koo, E., Porter, S., Battu, K., Kalocsai, C., Reid, J., Kho, M., Molloy, A., Herridge, M. S, Karachi, T., Fox-Robichaud, A., Koo, K. KY, Lo, V., Mathur, S., McCaughan, M., Pellizzari, J., Rudkowski, J., Figueiredo, S., Morais, J., Mayo, N., Meffen, K., Penner, C., Meyyappan, R., Sandoval, R., Broderick, J., Hoffer, A., Chambers, S., Ball, I., Martin, C., Awan, S., Rajji, T., Uranis, C., Kim, D., Burhan, A., Ting, R., Ito, H., Graff, A., Gerretsen, P., Woo, V., Mulsant, B., Davies, S., Paul, L. Read, Spice, R., Sinnarajah, A., Ho, G., Webb, M., Uniacke, J., Linsey, J., Kettle, J., Salmon, C., Mohammed, R., Whitby, C., Cowie, B., Wang, S., Sawatzky, R., Chan, E., Wolfs, D., Harding, W., Laforest, E., Schick-Makaroff, K., King, G., Cohen, S. R., Neufeld, C., Lett, J., Voth, J., Durepos, P., Wickson-Griffiths, A., Hazzan, A. Abiola, Kaasalainen, S., Vastis, V., Battistella, L., Papaioannou, A., Asselin, G., Klein, D., Tan, A., Kendell, C., Burge, F., Kotecha, J., Marshall, E., Cash, C., Tschupruk, C., Urquhart, R., Cottrell, L., Erbacker, L., Pesut, B., Duggleby, W., Bui, M., Te, A., Brazil, E., Sussman, T., Team, SPA-LTC, Delicaet, K., MacDonald, J., Hartwick, M., des Ordons, A. Roze, Myers, J., Pereira, J., Simon, J., Abdul-Razzak, A., Sharma, A., Ogilvie, L., Downar, J., Choukou, M.A., Holroyd-Leduc, J. M., Kazanjian, A., Durand, P. J, Straus, S. E, Légaré, F., Turgeon, A. F., Tourigny, A., Dumont, S., Mc Giguere, A., Lounsbury, K., Friesen, D., Bitschy, A., Donald, E. E, Stajduhar, K., Knapp, A., Klinger, C., Wentlandt, K., Urowitz, S., Walton, T., Chahal, M., Zwicker, V., Cohen, T., Morales, M. López, Miller, K., Duggan, K., Barnett-Cowan, M., Kortes-Miller, K., Kelley, M. Lou, Nayfeh, A., Marcoux, I., Jutai, J., Virag, O., Khakoo, A., Incardona, N., Workentin, K., Maxwell, C., Stock, K., Hogan, D. B., Tyas, S. L., Bronskill, S. E., Morris, A. M., Bell, C. M., Jeffs, L., Gandhi, S., Blain, J., Toubasi, S., Andrew, M., Ashe, M., Atkinson, E., Ayala, A. P., Bergman, H., Ploeg, J., McGilton, K., Patten, S. B., Maxwell, C. J., Delleman, B., Chan, D., Siu, H., Howard, M., Mangin, D., Akioyamen, L., Hoben, M., Estabrooks, C., McArthur, C., Gibbs, J. C., Patel, R., Neves, P., Killingbeck, J., Hirdes, J., Milligan, J., Berg, K., Giangreogrio, L., Adekpedjou, R., Stacey, D., Brière, N., Freitas, A., Marjolein, M., Garvelink, Turcotte, S., Heyer, M., Boscart, V., Heckman, G., Zahradnik, M., Jeffs, L. P., Mainville, C., Maione, M., Morris, A., Bell, C., Bronskill, S., Tscheng, D., Sever, L., Hyland, S., Emond, J., Garvelink, M., Menear, M., MacLeod, T., LeBlanc, C., Allen, M., McLean-Veysey, P., Rodney-Cail, N., Steeves, B., Bezanson, E., Van Ooteghem, K., Trinh, A., Cowan, D., Kwok, L., Fels, D., Meza, M., Fels-Leung, S., Ouellette-Kuntz, H., McKenzie, K., Martin, L., Bark, D., Hanafi, S., Gibson, W., Wagg, A., Tanel, M., Laing, A., Weaver, T., Lupo, J., Giangregorio, L., Payne, A., Sheets, D., Beach, C., Elliott, J., Stolee, P., Stinchcombe, A., Bédard, M., Enright, J., Wilson, K., Ozen, L., Silman, J., Gibbons, C., McKinnon, T., Timble, J., Willison, K., Boland, L., Perez, M. Margarita Becerra, McIsaac, D., Edmond, J., Brown, K., Leigh, J. Parsons, Buchner, D., Stelfox, H. T., Aziz, J., Crake, D., Ren, Z., Grant, T., Goubran, R., Knoefel, F., Sveistrup, H., Bilodeau, M., Oliver, J., Chidwick, P., Booi, L., Magyar, T., Martin, M., Ko, J. Hyun, Shannon, J., Wilson-Pease, E., Kephart, G., Babin, N., Malik, H., Maximos, M., Seng, S., Vandenberg, G., Dal Bello-Haas, V., Lagrotteria, A., Sullivan, K., Mihaylova, A., Lu, C., Koh, J., Hamielec, C., Steer, M., Jimenez, C., Woo, K., Julian, P., Martin, L. Schindel, McLelland, V., Ryan, D., Wilding, L., Chang, C. E., van Schooten, K. S, Wong, F., Robinovitch, S. N, Balasubramanaiam, B., Chenkin, J., Snider, T. G., Melady, D., Lee, J. S., Petrella, A., Heath, M., Shellington, E., Laguë, A., Voyer, P., Ouellet, M., Boucher, V., Pelletier, M., Gouin, É., Daoust, R., Berthelot, S., Giroux, M., Sirois, M., Émond, M., Bergstrom, V., Tate, K., Lee, S., Reid, C., Rowe, B., Cummings, G., Holroyd-Leduc, J., El-Bialy, R., Zhao, B., Baumbusch, J., Busson, C., Kohr, R., Donovan, J., Philpott, K., Kingston, J., Rickards, T., Weiler, C., Lanovaz, J., Arnold, C., Chiu, K., Cuperfain, A., Zhu, K., Zhao, X., Zhao, S., Iaboni, A., Perrella, A., Chau, V., Hu, C. Dong, Farooqi, M., Patel, S., Bauer, J., Lee, L., Schill, C., Patel, T., Mroz, L., Kryworuchko, J., Carter, R., Spencer, L., Barwich, D., Roy, N., Després, C., Leyenaar, M., McLeod, B., Poss, J., Costa, A., Blums, J., Costa, I. Geraldina, Tregunno, D., Kirkham, J., Seitz, D., Velkers, C., Krawczyk, M., Garland, E., Michaud, M., Pakzad, S., Bourque, P. E., Eamer, G., Gibson, J. A, Gillis, C., Hsu, A. T, MacDonald, E., Whitlock, R., Khadaroo, R. G, Brisebois, R., Clement, F., Hathaway, J., Bagheri, Z. S., Costa, I. G., Schinkel-Ivy, A., Rodney, P. (Paddy), Varcoe, C., Jiwani, B., Fenton, T., Gramlich, L., Tangri, N., Eng, F., Bohm, C., Komenda, P., Rigatto, C., Brar, R., McCloskey, R., Keeping-Burke, L., Donovan, C., Verma, A., Razak, F., Kwan, J., Lapointe-Shaw, L., Rawal, S., Tang, T., Weinerman, A., Guo, Y., Mamdani, M., McNicholl, T., Valaitis, R., Tarraf, R., Boakye, O., Suter, E., Boulanger, P., Birney, A., Sadowski, C. A, Gill, G., Mrklas, K., Plaisance, A., Noiseux, F., Francois, R., LeBlanc, A., McGinn, C. A., Tapp, D., Archambault, P. M., Begum, J., Wikjord, N., Roy, P., Reimer-Kirkham, S., Doane, G., Hilliard, N., Giesbrech, M., Dujela, C., Harerimana, B., Forchuk, C., Booth, R., Vasudev, A., Isaranuwatchai, W., Seth, P., Ramsey, D., Rudnick, A., Heisel, M., Reiss, J., Lee, E., Mate, K., Aubertin-Leheude, M., Fiore, J., Auais, M., Moriello, C., Scott, S., Wilson, M., McDonald, E., Lee, T., Arora, N., Hanvey, L., Elston, D., Heyland, R., Heyland, D., Langevin, J., Fang, Q., Price, D., Nowak, C., Fang, H., Richardson, J., Phillips, S., Gordon, C., Xie, F., Adachi, J., Tang, A., Swinton, M., Winhall, M., Clark, B., Sinuff, T., Abelson, J., You, J., Shears, M., Takaoka, A., Tina, M., Amanda, H., Surenthar, T., Li, G., Rochwerg, B., Woo, T., Bagshaw, S., Johnstone, J., Cook, D., Beaton, D., Drance, E., Leblanc, M.E., O’Connor, D., Ono, E., Phinney, A., Reid, R. C., Rodney, P. A., Tait, J., Ward-Griffin, C., Millen, T., Clarke, F., Thabane, L., Dogba, M. J., Rivest, L.l, Durand, P. J., Fraser, K., Bourassa, H., Embuldeniya, G., Farmanova, E., Auguste, D., Witteman, H. O, Kröger, E., Beaulieu, É., MC Giguere, A., Paragg, J., Swindle, J., Webber, T., Porterfield, P., Husband, A., Kryworucko, J., Trenaman, L., Bryan, S., Cuthbertson, L., Bansback, N., de Grood, C., Dodek, P., Fowler, R., Forster, A., Boyd, J., Stelfox, H., Kruger, S., Steinberg, M., Quinn, K., Yarnell, C., Fu, L., Manuel, D., Tanuseputro, P., Stukel, T., Pinto, R., Scales, D., Laupacis, A., Varughese, R., Huang, A., Famure, O., Chowdhury, N., Renner, E., Kim, J., MacIver, J., Singer, L., Gali, B., Brewster, P., Asche, C., Mitz, A., Hundza, S., MacDonald, S., Kaechele, N., Donald, E., Kaur, S., Fernandes, P., Pauloff, K., Gordon, A., Kallan, L., Grinman, M., Human, T., Ying, I., Pattullo, A., Wong, H., Feldman, S., Moffat, D., Zjadewicz, K., McIntosh, C. J., Alghamdi, M., McComb, A., Ferrone, A., Geng, W., Weeks-Levy, C., and Menon, C.

Subjects
Abstracts, Canadian Frailty Network Abstracts from the Meeting in Toronto, September 27–29, 2015, Canadian Frailty Network Abstracts from the Meeting Held in Toronto, April 23–24, 2017
Published
2017

28. Large transgene strategies for von Willebrand disease

Author

Bell, R, Kozlowski, R, O'Brien, H, Demosthenous, A, Doerr, A, Henne, P, O'Sullivan, J, Shapiro, S, O'Donnell, J, Laffan, M, McKinnon, T, Medical Research Council (MRC), and Medical Research Council

Subjects
Genetics & Heredity, Science & Technology, Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology, Medicine, Research & Experimental, 1004 Medical Biotechnology, 1103 Clinical Sciences, Research & Experimental Medicine, Life Sciences & Biomedicine, Biotechnology
Published
2018

30. Magnetic properties of Co/Ni multilayer structures for use in STT-RAM

Author

Arora, M., Lee-Hone, N. R., Mckinnon, T., Coutts, C., Hübner, R., Heinrich, B., Broun, D. M., Girt, E., Arora, M., Lee-Hone, N. R., Mckinnon, T., Coutts, C., Hübner, R., Heinrich, B., Broun, D. M., and Girt, E.

Abstract

Magnetic properties of (111)-textured SAF/Cu/FL multilayer film structures have been optimized by varying individual layer thickness and sputtering conditions. The SAF is a synthetic antiferromagnet consisting of Co/Ni multilayers coupled antiferromagnetically across a Ru spacer layer, and the FL is a free layer consisting of a single Co/Ni multilayer. The Co thickness was varied from 0.16 nm to 0.26 nm and the Ni thickness from 0.47 nm to 0.57 nm at two different deposition rates to obtain a perpendicular magnetic anisotropy of the 8 × [Co/Ni] multilayers ranging from 4×105 to 4.6×105 Jm-3. The perpendicular magnetic anisotropy, saturation magnetization, damping and zero-frequency line broadening of the Co/Ni multilayers strongly depend on the number of bilayers, N1, for N1<10. With increasing Cu seed-layer thickness, the texture of the Co/Ni multilayers improves while the grain size and film roughness increase. The increase in grain size results in the reduction of the direct exchange coupling between magnetic grains, which enhances the coercivity of the SAF and the FL. Experimentally measured coercivities of the SAF and FL are compared with calculations obtained from a coherent rotation model. The effect of the Co/Ru interface in the SAF on the exchange coupling, and the role of the Co/Cu interface in the magnetoresistance, is also discussed. This study provides an important step towards the realization of STT-RAM devices consisting of only Co/Ni multilayers.

Published
2017

32. Spin torque switching in nanopillars with antiferromagnetic reference layer

Author

Arora, M., Fowley, C., Mckinnon, T., Kowalska, E., Sluka, V., Deac, A. M., Heinrich, B., Girt, E., Arora, M., Fowley, C., Mckinnon, T., Kowalska, E., Sluka, V., Deac, A. M., Heinrich, B., and Girt, E.

Abstract

Spin-transfer-torque induced switching is investigated in 200 nm diameter circularly shaped, perpendicular magnetized nanopillars. A synthetic antiferromagnet, consisting of two Co/Ni multilayers coupled anti-ferromagnetically across a Ru layer, is used as a reference layer to minimize the dipolar field on the free layer. The free layer is a single 4x[Co/Ni] multilayer. The use of Pt and Pd was avoided to lower the spin-orbit scattering in magnetic layers and intrinsic damping in the free layer, and therefore, reduce the critical current required for spin-transfer-torque switching. The intrinsic Gilbert damping of a continuous 4[Co/Ni] multilayer film was measured by ferromagnetic resonance to be alpha = 0.022, which is significantly lower than in Pt or Pd based magnetic multilayers. In zero magnetic field the critical current required to switch the free layer from the parallel to antiparallel alignment is 5.2 mA, and from antiparallel to parallel alignment is 4.9 mA. Given the volume of the free layer, V_FL = 1.011022 m3, the switching efficiency, I_c=(V_FL/µ0H_c), is 5.281020 A/Tm^3, twice as efficient as any previously reported device with a similar structure

Published
2016

35. STATUS OF THE LAKE WINNIPEG PROJECT (NTS 62I, 62P, 63A, 63B, 63G AND 63H)

Author

Thorleifson, H., Anderson, T., Betcher, R., Bezys, R., Buhay, W., Burbidge, S., Cobb, D., Courtier, N., Doering, J., Fisher-Smith, G., Forbes, D., Franzin, W., Frobel, D., Fuchs, D., Gibson, C., Henderson, P., Jarrett, K., James, T., King, J., Kling, H., Lambert, A., Last, W., Lewis, M., Lockhart, L., Matile, G., McKinnon, T., Moran, K., Nielsen, E., Pullan, S., Rack, F., Risberg, J., Rodrigues, C., Salki, A., Schroder-Adams, C., Stainton, M., Telka, A., Todd, B., Vance, R., Weber, W., and University of Manitoba

Subjects
Lake Winnipeg Basin, Lake Winnipeg, Geological Survey
Abstract

The Lake Winnipeg Project was launched by the Geological Survey of Canada (GSC) and Manitoba Geological Services Branch (MGSB) in 1994, with the support of Manitoba Hydro and the Manitoba Sustainable Development Innovations Fund, in order to support management of issues such as shoreline erosion and water quality. A four-week cruise of the Canadian Coast Guard Ship (CCGS) Namao in 1994 was followed by a similar effort in 1996. Low frequency air gun seismic, high frequency seismic, side-scan sonar, and coring operations, guided by real-time differential global positioning system (GPS) navigation, were supplemented by limnological and biological sampling carried out in cooperation with the Freshwater Institute. A five-year program of absolute gravity measurements and GPS data collection is monitoring uplift, a key factor in shoreline erosion, along a transect from Iowa to Churchill. Accompanying research on shoreline processes has included reconnaissance surveys in 1994, targeted investigations in 1996, and a month-long intensive effort in September 1997. Previously acquired wave data have been supplemented by data from three waverider buoys deployed in 1996. Although targeted follow-up research is anticipated, final outputs from the Lake Winnipeg Project are in preparation for release in 1999. Two major questions have been addressed by this work: What is the structure of the Lake Winnipeg basin? Results have demonstrated that the structure of sediment and rock below Lake Winnipeg dramatically differs from expectations. Prior to the 1994 cruise, it was thought that sedimentary rocks extended close to the eastern shore, and that these rocks were buried by at most 15 m of sediment. In fact, sedimentary rocks only extend 10 km east from the end of Long Point, and terminate at a buried escarpment south of Hecla Island. Beyond these Paleozoic rocks, sediments consisting almost entirely of Lake Agassiz clay reach unanticipated thicknesses of over 50 m in the South Basin and over 100 m in the North Basin. Till and other gravel-bearing glacial sediments are not extensive, but are present as formerly unrecognized major moraines at George Island and Pearson Reef. Sediments deposited by postglacial Lake Winnipeg, which rarely exceed 10 m in thickness, rest on a regionally pervasive, low-relief angular unconformity, and are ornamented by a complex array of furrows formed by the action of lake ice. Vigourous currents have stripped sediments from The Narrows and east of Black Island, producing the greatest water depths in the lake, over 60 m. Are present-day environmental changes superimposed on long-term evolutionary trends? Without knowledge of the history of a lake, as recorded in its sediments, it is difficult to determine whether a basin was in a state of equilibrium prior to human intervention, or whether recent perturbation is only an addendum to more profound natural changes. The surveys have shown that Lake Winnipeg has, for centuries and millenia, been undergoing a steady expansion. Sediment cores from the centre of the South Basin have revealed that Lake Winnipeg offshore sediments have buried fossiliferous material that could only have been deposited at a pre-existing shoreline. Radiocarbon and paleomagnetic analysis of this material indicate that most of the South Basin was dry land at 4 ka BP (4000 radiocarbon years ago). The dominant control that has caused southward transgression is tilting, as a result of the uplift of the Hudson Bay region that resulted from melting and breakup of the continental ice sheet around 10 ka BP. The rise of the lake has been punctuated by climate change, especially the shift to cooler, moister conditions around 4 ka BP, diversion of the Saskatchewan River into the North Basin at 4.7 ka BP, switching of the Assiniboine River from a path through Lake Manitoba to the North Basin over to the Red River and the South Basin around 4 ka BP, as well as progressive merging of several sub-basins from Playgreen Lake to the South Basin into one Lake Winnipeg. Unlike other lakes, outlet downcutting has not been a significant factor on Lake Winnipeg, due to the low and easily erodable barriers that overlie resistant substrates.

Published
1998

38. 39 Blood-derived endothelial progenitor cells from Von Willebrand's disease patients demonstrate that Von Willebrand factor regulates angiogenesis

Author

Starke, R. D., primary, Paschalaki, K. E., additional, Ferraro, F., additional, Dryden, N. H., additional, McKinnon, T. A. J., additional, Sutton, R. E., additional, Payne, E. M., additional, Haskard, D. O., additional, Hughes, A. D., additional, Cutler, D. F., additional, Laffan, M. A., additional, and Randi, A. M., additional

Published
2011
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45. After shared care: patients' symptoms and functioning 3 to 6 months following care at a rural shared mental health care clinic.

Author

Haggarty J, Klein R, Chaudhuri B, Boudreau D, and McKinnon T

Abstract

The present study evaluates the mental health of participants 3 to 6 months after completing treatment at a shared mental health care clinic. Twenty-five participants completed the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ) and the World Health Organization Disability Assessment Scale version II (WHODAS-II) at entry, exit, and 3 to 6 months following treatment. Results for the PHQ found significant sustained improvement for major depression, other anxiety syndrome, and somatoform disorder. The WHODAS-II scale demonstrated that significant improvement was maintained 3 to 6 months following treatment completion. These findings suggest that patients receiving short-term therapy and psychiatric consultation in a shared care setting may show significant, sustained improvement in mental and physical functioning. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2008
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46. A pilot study of a Canadian shared mental health care programme: changes in patient symptoms and disability.

Author

Haggarty J, O'Connor B, Dubois S, Blackadar AM, McKinnon T, Boudreau D, and Haslam D

Abstract

Aim: To describe symptom improvement and change in function in patients referred to a shared mental health care service (SMHC) that provided psychiatric consultation and brief counselling.Method: Pre (N = 1,310) and post (N = 395) measurements and comparisons with normative samples using the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ) and World Health Organization's Disability Assessment Schedule (WHO DAS II) among individuals who received care with SMHC over the first 5 years of service. Cognitive-behavioural, psycho-education and supportive counselling were provided by a psychiatrist in collaboration with a multi-disciplinary mental health team. Mean number of visits was 7.3 per episode of care.Results: Following the intervention, patients had significantly fewer days with difficulty caused by mental illness within the previous month (mean difference = 9.23 days) and fewer days of total incapacity (mean difference = 3.81 days). Statistically significant reductions in PHQ diagnoses occurred for major depressive syndrome (89% reduction from baseline; P < 0.001), panic syndrome (75% reduction from baseline; P < 0.001), somatic disorder (74% reduction from baseline; P < 0.001) and alcohol abuse (30% reduction from baseline; P = 0.02). PHQ-9 and WHO DAS II mean at exit was significantly within or above one standard deviation from the community sample norm.Conclusions: SMHC intervention appeared effective. At exit from the programme, patients displayed significant reductions in symptoms on all measures relative to their scores at entry, returning to or close to community sample norms. Limitations with the research include lack of a control group and random assignment, and absence of data from many patients upon exit from the programme. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2008

47. Sepsis reduces isoflurane MAC in a normotensive animal model of sepsis.

Author

Gill, Ravi, Martin, Claudio, McKinnon, Ted, Lam, Calvin, Cunningham, David, Sibbald, William, Gill, R, Martin, C, McKinnon, T, Lam, C, Cunningham, D, and Sibbald, W J

Abstract

Copyright of Canadian Journal of Anaesthesia / Journal Canadien d'Anesthésie is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Published
1995
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48. Drive level and reinforcement as variables in paired associate learning of schizophrenics

Author

McKinnon, T. and Singer, G.

Abstract

It was postulated that schizophrenics (high anxious Ss) have higher drive level than normals (low anxious Ss). Deductions of differential performance of schizophrenics and normals were tested using groups of 60 Ss in a paired associates (PA) learning situation involving the variables: (a) situational reinforcement (punishment and reward), (b) specificity of reinforcement (generalized and response specific) and (c) complexity of the task. It was found that schizophrenics performed better on simple PA and worse on complex PA than normals of matched learning ability. Punishments facilitated simple PA learning and disrupted complex PA learning compared with rewards, and the effect was most marked for schizophrenics.

Published
1966
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49. Positive correlation between circulating cathelicidin antimicrobial peptide (hCAP18/LL-37) and 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels in healthy adults

Author

Dixon Brian M, Barker Tyler, McKinnon Toni, Cuomo John, Frei Balz, Borregaard Niels, and Gombart Adrian F

Subjects
Vitamin D, 25-hydroxyvitamin D, Cathelicidin, hCAP18, LL-37, Immunity, Serum, Plasma, CAMP, Infection, Medicine, Biology (General), QH301-705.5, Science (General), Q1-390
Abstract

Abstract Background Transcription of the cathelicidin antimicrobial peptide (CAMP) gene is induced by binding of the bioactive form of vitamin D, 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D, to the vitamin D receptor. Significant levels of the protein hCAP18/LL-37 are found in the blood and may protect against infection and/or sepsis. We hypothesized that serum vitamin D levels may modulate the circulating levels of hCAP18. Only three studies have shown a positive correlation between circulating 25-hydroxyvitamin D and hCAP18 levels. Here we provide additional evidence for such a correlation in healthy, middle-aged adults. Findings Serum levels of 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] and plasma levels of hCAP18 were determined in 19 healthy middle-aged (mean of 50.1 years) adult men and women. Plasma hCAP18 concentrations correlated with serum 25(OH)D concentrations in subjects with 25(OH)D levels ≤ 32 ng/ml (r = 0.81, p 32 ng/ml (r = 0.19, p = 0.63). Conclusions We conclude that plasma hCAP18 levels correlate with serum 25(OH)D levels in subjects with concentrations of 25(OH)D ≤ 32 ng/ml as opposed to those with concentrations > 32 ng/ml and that vitamin D status may regulate systemic levels of hCAP18/LL-37.

Published
2012
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50. Blocking von Willebrand factor free thiols inhibits binding to collagen under high and pathological shear stress

Author

Thomas A. J. McKinnon, Alfonso De Simone, Alain Chion, Michael Laffan, Golzar Mobayen, Harrison E R O'Brien, Yan Xu, X. Frank Zhang, Maximo Sanz-Hernandez, Susan Shapiro, British Heart Foundation, O'Brien, H. E. R., Zhang, X. F., Sanz-Hernandez, M., Chion, A., Shapiro, S., Mobayen, G., Xu, Y., De Simone, A., Laffan, M. A., and Mckinnon, T. A. J.

Subjects
collagen, GLYCOPROTEIN IB, FLOW, PROTEIN, von Willebrand factor, 030204 cardiovascular system & hematology, 0302 clinical medicine, hemic and lymphatic diseases, thrombosi, VWF, Platelet, LINKED GLYCOSYLATION, 1102 Cardiorespiratory Medicine and Haematology, thiols, biology, Chemistry, Atomic force microscopy, shear stre, thiol, Hematology, PLATELET-ADHESION, medicine.anatomical_structure, cardiovascular system, Life Sciences & Biomedicine, Protein Binding, circulatory and respiratory physiology, Blood Platelets, congenital, hereditary, and neonatal diseases and abnormalities, Flexibility (anatomy), shear stress, FORCE, 03 medical and health sciences, Platelet Adhesiveness, Von Willebrand factor, medicine, Shear stress, Humans, Sulfhydryl Compounds, thrombosis, Binding function, Science & Technology, ELONGATION, 1103 Clinical Sciences, ENDOTHELIAL-CELLS, SELF-ASSOCIATION, Peripheral Vascular Disease, Cardiovascular System & Hematology, Glycoprotein Ib, Acute exposure, Cardiovascular System & Cardiology, Biophysics, biology.protein, Stress, Mechanical
Abstract

Background Von Willebrand factor (VWF) contains a number of free thiols, the majority of which are located in its C-domains, and these have been shown to alter VWF function, However, the impact of free thiols on function following acute exposure of VWF to collagen under high and pathological shear stress has not been determined. Methods VWF free thiols were blocked with N-ethylmaleimide and flow assays performed under high and pathological shear rates to determine the impact on platelet capture and collagen binding function. Atomic force microscopy (AFM) was used to probe the interaction of VWF with collagen and molecular simulations conducted to determine the effect of free thiols on the flexibility of the VWF-C4 domain. Results Blockade of VWF free thiols reduced VWF-mediated platelet capture to collagen in a shear-dependent manner, with platelet capture virtually abolished above 5000 s-1 and in regions of stenosis in microfluidic channels. Direct visualization of VWF fibers formed under extreme pathological shear rates and analysis of collagen-bound VWF attributed the effect to altered binding of VWF to collagen. AFM measurements showed that thiol-blockade reduced the lifetime and strength of the VWF-collagen bond. Pulling simulations of the VWF-C4 domain demonstrated that with one or two reduced disulphide bonds the C4 domain has increased flexibility and the propensity to undergo free-thiol exchange. Conclusions We conclude that free thiols in the C-domains of VWF enhance the flexibility of the molecule and enable it to withstand high shear forces following collagen binding, demonstrating a previously unrecognized role for VWF free thiols.

Published
2021

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