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Stenopelmatus hondurasito Weissman, n. sp. Honduras Small Black Jerusalem Cricket Figs 66–70, Tables 1, 2

Stenopelmatus minor Saussure Small Jerusalem Cricket Figs 84–88 1859. Stenopelmatus minor. Revue et Magasin de Zoologie 2(11): 210. Lectotype adult male, with hooks, here selected (Fig. 84 ): (1) Cordova [Córdoba, state of Veracruz, Mexico] (2) St. minor Sss (3) 91 (4) Stenopelmatus minor Sauss (5) red paper Allotypus Stenopelmatus minor Sauss. THH. Measurements in mm (courtesy J. Hollier): Body length 19.5, hind femur length 8.0, hind femur width 2.2. Left hind tibia (Fig. 85) with 1 outer and 3 inner spines. Face Fig. 86. Deposited in MHNG Geneva along with allotopotype.Allotopotype adult female (Fig. 87) with same label data except (3) 92. Measurements in mm: Body length 15.6, hind femur length 7.8, hind femur width 2.6. Hind tibia with 3 outer and 4 inner spines (Fig. 88). Face Fig. 86. The female is in better condition because the male is missing both the middle and hind right legs, which is why Hubbell (1960) preferred that the female be designated the lectotype and attached an “ Allotypus ” label to the male. Nevertheless, when given a choice between an adult male vs adult female as lectotype, we choose the former because the presence of mature hooks will absolutely confirm adult status. Additionally, if there are distinctive characters in the articulated ringlet of 6 calcars, then those characters may be more prominent in males. Both specimens are mentioned in the original description. In any case, we declare a New status: nomen dubium, in the absence of DNA and drum. Derivation of name. We assume “minor” in reference to its small size. In fact, as Table 1 demonstrates (p. 16), there are several smaller Stenopelmatus taxa in Mexico. Discussion. We were tempted to let this name stand since it would have page priority over other small black species S. nieti and S. histrio, if all three should be synonyms. Nevertheless, the diversity of small, black Stenopelmatus, in Mexico, while unknown, easily exceeds 6 (Table 1). This situation will be unresolvable without the behavioral information of hop vs no hop, and drumming pattern. If karyotype and DNA information can be included in future systematics, then even better., Published as part of Weissman, David B., Vandergast, Amy G., Song, Hojun, Shin, Seunggwan, Mckenna, Duane D. & Ueshima, Norihiro, 2021, Generic relationships of New World Jerusalem crickets (Orthoptera: Stenopelmatoidea: Stenopelmatinae), including all known species of Stenopelmatus, pp. 1-122 in Zootaxa 4917 (1) on page 57, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4917.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/4472033, {"references":["Hubbell, T. H. (1960) Notes on Orthoptera in European Museums. Unpublished notes deposited at University of Michigan, Museum of Zoology, Ann Arbor, Michigan, 28 pp."]}

Stenopelmatus guatemalae Brunner von Wattenwyl Guatemala Jerusalem Cricket Figs 55���57 1888. Stenopelmatus guatemalae. Monographie der Stenopelmatiden und Gryllacriden. Verhandlungen der Kaiserlich-K��niglichen Zoologisch-Botanischen Gesellschaft in Wien. 38: 262. Original description included only one female deposit in MHNG Geneva, with body length 24 mm and hind femur length 8.5 mm. These measurements agree with Fig. 55, the only specimen so labeled in Geneva, that we now designate her as lectotype. She has the following labels: (1) 2 14, Guatemala, Mr H. d. Sauss. (2) St. scaptericus ♀. (3) 18. (4) 18 (5) Stenoplematus guatemalae Brun. (6) Syntypus printed on red paper. This specimen has 4 inner and 3 outer spines (Fig. 56) on rear leg tibia. She is probably an adult but we cannot be certain. Face (Fig. 56) without furrow. The original measurements do not agree with a smaller ��� syntype ��� (Hollier & Maehr 2012) specimen (Fig. 57) located in NHMW Vienna, with the following label data, and probably 3 or 4 molts from adult: (1) Guatemala. --Candize (?) coll. Br. v. W. (2) red label ���type��� (3) 7312 (4) Stenopelmatus guatemalae Br. W. (4) Coll Nat Mus Wien. Right rear leg tibia with 4 inner and 4 outer spines, left rear leg tibia with 3 outer and 4 inner spines. Hind femur length 7 mm, hind femur width 2.5 mm. There are not multiple primary types, as claimed on OSF; only the lectotype in Geneva, even if that specimen is not properly marked. New status: Nomen dubium Discussion. This is one of two new JCs described in 1888 from Guatemala, by Brunner von Wattenwyl. We are making both this species and his S. vicinus nomen dubium, because we know that biodiversity of JCs in Guatemala is underappreciated and these names can���t be properly assigned., Published as part of Weissman, David B., Vandergast, Amy G., Song, Hojun, Shin, Seunggwan, Mckenna, Duane D. & Ueshima, Norihiro, 2021, Generic relationships of New World Jerusalem crickets (Orthoptera: Stenopelmatoidea: Stenopelmatinae), including all known species of Stenopelmatus, pp. 1-122 in Zootaxa 4917 (1) on pages 44-45, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4917.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/4472033, {"references":["Hollier, J. & Maehr, M. D. (2012) An annotated catalogue of the type material of Orthoptera (Insects) described by Carl Brunner von Wattenwyl deposited in the Museum d'histoire naturelle in Geneva. Revue Suisse de Zoologie, 119, 27 - 75."]}

Stenopelmatus diezmilpies Weissman, n. sp. High Montane Jerusalem Cricket Figs 32–34, Table 2 Distribution. Only known from the type locality, a large rest stop and concession area along Highway 150D driving toward Mexico City. Recognition characters. A small, dark, high elevation JC that doesn’t jump. Although we lack DNA information when comparing it to the 4 other taxa in the Stenopelmatus clade (Fig. 10) that also don’t jump, and for which we have DNA, S. diezmilpies has distinguishing rear leg tibial spines of 4 inner and 4 outer while S. durango has 5 inner and 3 outer spines, S. faulkneri has 5 inner and 3 or 4 outer spines, S. hondurasito has 4 inner and 3 outer spines, and S. perote has 4 or 5 inner and 3 outer spines. Calling drums in 2 of these taxa are not distinguishing with single drums at ~2.9 d/s in S. diezmilpies vs 2.2 d/s in S. faulkneri; and the possibility of no drum in S. hondurasito. In contrast, S. perote has single drums delivered at 2.6 – 3.8 d/s, but is also the only Stenopelmatus with a known sex clarification drum. Stenopelmatus durango has a calling drum of trills only. Holotype. Adult male (Fig. 32), with hooks (in alcohol): Mexico, México , Highway 150D pullout at crest, km post 56.2, 19° 20’ 09.5” -98° 42’ 51”, 11-vi-1999, 10,550’, DBW & VF Lee. S 99-54, R99-16 A. Deposited CAS, CASENT type #20028. Measurements in mm: Body length 16.41, hind femur length 6.52, hind femur width 2.55. Fore leg tibia with 3 ventral spurs; middle leg tibia with 8 calcars, 2 ventral spurs; rear leg tibia (Fig. 33) with 4 outer and 4 inner spines, 2 ventral spurs. Face (Fig. 33) without furrow. Drum: This male only drummed once (Fig. 34, R 99-16A) in 3 hours of recording. His calling drum consisted of 12 single drums over 4.1s (2.9 d/s) at 21°C. Derivation of name. Named for the approximate elevation of the type locality. Habitat: Pine forest with bunch grasses and shrubs. In forest under small rock in daytime. Ground dry under rocks. Behavior: We could never get this male to hop or jump. Life cycle and seasonal occurrence. Unknown except for adult holotype. DNA. Unknown Karyotype. Unknown Discussion. We returned to type locality on 22-vi-2006 without success. Area probably too dry for JCs to be under objects although site appeared similar when we collected holotype in 1999.

Stenopelmatus cusuco Weissman, n. sp. Cusuco Jerusalem Cricket Figs 26–31, Table 2, Published as part of Weissman, David B., Vandergast, Amy G., Song, Hojun, Shin, Seunggwan, Mckenna, Duane D. & Ueshima, Norihiro, 2021, Generic relationships of New World Jerusalem crickets (Orthoptera: Stenopelmatoidea: Stenopelmatinae), including all known species of Stenopelmatus, pp. 1-122 in Zootaxa 4917 (1) on page 29, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4917.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/4472033

Stenopelmatopterus junior synonym of Stenopelmatus. On the basis of our expanded DNA information (Fig. 10), we declare Stenopelmatopterus Gorochov a junior synonym of Stenopelmatus. Gorochov (1988) erected his new genus to include 3 previously described species of Stenopelmatus: S. sartorianus (type species of genus), S. sallei, and S. sumichrasti. Later in this paper, we make the following changes: (1) Both S. sallei (type a female nymph from “ Mexico ”) and S. sumichrasti (type a male nymph from “ Mexico ”) are declared nomen dubium. (2) Stenopelmatopterus sartorianus (type an adult female from the Mexican state of Chiapas) is moved back into Stenopelmatus because it is recovered in Clade 2, along with other species of Stenopelmatus from Mexico, Honduras, and Costa Rica. Plus, none of the supposedly distinguishing characteristics of Stenopelmatopterus are unique and diagnostic of that genus: (1) While no other species has fully formed wings, three species (S. piceiventris, S. chiapas, and S. sanfelipe) are micropterous (using terminology of Slater 1975). (2) Slender legs are also seen in S. cusuco, S. ater, and S. piceiventris, among others (Table 1). (3) Reversed V-shaped furrows are common among other wingless species of Stenopelmatus (see photos later in this text), and are even present in some taxa of Ammopelmatus. Additionally, in our series of S. sartorianus, most individuals do not have a complete V shaped furrow – and some adult specimens barely have lateral carinae. (4) Large eyes are widespread within the subfamily, especially in Ammopelmatus. Perhaps, most importantly, S. sartorianus is recovered with, and looks and behaves like many other JCs in Clade 2. Retaining it as a monotypic genus would only serve to obscure its affinity with the other taxa to which it is most closely related to on the basis of molecular phylogenetic analyses., Published as part of Weissman, David B., Vandergast, Amy G., Song, Hojun, Shin, Seunggwan, Mckenna, Duane D. & Ueshima, Norihiro, 2021, Generic relationships of New World Jerusalem crickets (Orthoptera: Stenopelmatoidea: Stenopelmatinae), including all known species of Stenopelmatus, pp. 1-122 in Zootaxa 4917 (1) on page 20, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4917.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/4472033, {"references":["Gorochov, A. V. (1988) System and phylogeny of the recent Orthoptera of the superfamilies Hagloidea and Stenpelmatodea with a description of new taxa. Communications 2. Zoologicheskij Zhurnal, 67, 518 - 529. [in Russian]","Slater, J. A. (1975) On the biology and zoogeography of Australian Lygaeidae (Hemiptera: Heteroptera) with special reference to the southwest fauna. Journal Australian Entomological Society, 14, 47 - 64. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1440 - 6055.1975. tb 02002. x"]}

Stenopelmatus nuevoleon Weissman, n. sp. Nuevo Leon Small Black Jerusalem Cricket Figs 92–98, Tables 1, 2, Published as part of Weissman, David B., Vandergast, Amy G., Song, Hojun, Shin, Seunggwan, Mckenna, Duane D. & Ueshima, Norihiro, 2021, Generic relationships of New World Jerusalem crickets (Orthoptera: Stenopelmatoidea: Stenopelmatinae), including all known species of Stenopelmatus, pp. 1-122 in Zootaxa 4917 (1) on page 61, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4917.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/4472033

Stenopelmatus typhlops Rehn Blind Jerusalem Cricket Figs 174–180, Tables 1, 2 1903. Stenopelmatus typhlops. Rehn, J.A.G. 1902 (Journal date 1903). Transactions of the American Entomological Society 29(1): 15. Holotype adult female (Fig. 174): (1) Mexico (2) Qacualtipan Cape or Cope. ’85 (3) Red label Stenopelmatus typhlops Rehn Type NO. 5074. Stenopelmatus nieti Sauss. Det. Hebard 1931. Measurements in mm: Body length 25.3, hind femur length 12.7. There are 3 outer and 5 inner hind tibial spines (Fig. 175). Ovipositor Fig. 175. Deposited ANSP Type No.5074. There is no Mexico locality with this name. Hebard (1932), when he synonymized S. typhlops under S. nieti, gives the spelling for the type locality as Cacualtipan in the state of Hidalgo. Currently, this locality is spelled Zacualtipan, and we found specimens near there as discussed below. New status: removed from junior synonomy of S. nieti , because on p. 59, we designated S. nieti as nomen dubium. Adult male (Figs 176, 177) from near type locality (S08-44) with following measurements, in mm: Body length 36.96, hind femur length 14.07, hind femur width 5.73. Fore leg tibia with 3 ventral spurs; middle tibia with 8 calcars, 2 ventral spurs; rear leg tibia (Fig. 178) with 5 inner and 3 outer spines, 2 ventral spurs. Face (Fig. 178) with minimum furrow. Recognition characters. Medium to large, jumping, almost all black JC whose calling drum consists of single drums delivered around 5.7 drums/second. This species is one of three, medium to large sized, almost all black described Stenopelmatus taxa. Stenopelmatus typhlops differs (Table 1, p. 16) from the medium-large sized S. ater, described from Coast Rica, by having more rear leg inner tibial spines, 8 vs 7 middle leg tibial calcars, and prominence of furrow. It differs from S. honduras, described from Honduras, by DNA, drum, and having 8 vs 7 middle leg tibial calcars. Drum: Calling drum (Fig. 179, R08-1) of only adult male recorded. This male, from near the type locality (S08- 44) spontaneously drummed twice, in 3 hours, producing 36 drums each time over 6.2 and 6.3s, at 20°C, for a rate of 5.71-5.80 drums/second. Derivation of name. “typhlops” is Greek for blind, perhaps in reference to the opaque looking, yellowish eyes of the holotype. Habitat: Oak-pine forest (S08-44). Steep logged hillsides with tall oaks still on ridgetop. Understory grazed grasses with damp soil. Both 2008 adults under boards, 2 nymphs under boards and 1 nymph inside log with passalid beetles and millipedes. 2015 adult female inside log, 1 late female in small piece of wood and 1 late female in base of cut tree stump. Behavior: Adults and juveniles readily jumped. Life cycle and seasonal occurrence. See Specimens examined below. Specimens examined: All Mexico, Hidalgo , Zacualtipan, 6500’, 11-viii-1938, H.R. Roberts, Ƌ 4 ♀ 4, 7 nymphs, ANSP. Hwy 105 6 km S. Zacualtipan, km post 103.7, 20° 39’ 49” -98° 42’ 3.5”, 2020m, 4-vi-2008, S08-44, DBW, DC Lightfoot, Ƌ 1 ♀ 1, 3 mid instar males; 18-vi-2015, S15-47, DBW, DW Weissman, ♀ 1, late instar ♀ 2. Tianguistengo, 5500’, 13-viii-1938, HR Roberts, ♀ 1, ANSP. Questionable placement: Mexico, Morelos , Lake Zempoala [now Lagunas de Zempoala National Park], above Cuernavaca, 9500’, 28-vii-1940, HR Roberts, ♀ 2. The latter 2 individuals appear narrower and without the narrow, gold band readily visible (see Fig. 176) on the posterior aspect of the abdominal tergites. On the other hand, this site is close to the type locality of S. typhlops. The measurements for these 2 females are provided in Table 1 (p. 16). DNA. Nuclear F2443 (Fig. 10) and mtDNA F2011, F2012, and F2096 (Fig. 9) all indicate S. talpa as closest relative. Karyotype: 2nƋ=25 (Fig. 180), with 7 pairs metacentric autosomes and 5 pairs rod shaped autosomes. X metacentric and largest of chromosomes., Published as part of Weissman, David B., Vandergast, Amy G., Song, Hojun, Shin, Seunggwan, Mckenna, Duane D. & Ueshima, Norihiro, 2021, Generic relationships of New World Jerusalem crickets (Orthoptera: Stenopelmatoidea: Stenopelmatinae), including all known species of Stenopelmatus, pp. 1-122 in Zootaxa 4917 (1) on pages 105-108, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4917.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/4472033, {"references":["Hebard, M. (1932) New species and records of Mexican Orthoptera. Transactions of the American Entomological Society, 58, 201 - 371."]}

Stenopelmatus perote Weissman, n. sp. Perote Jerusalem Cricket Figs 99–109, Tables 1, 2, Published as part of Weissman, David B., Vandergast, Amy G., Song, Hojun, Shin, Seunggwan, Mckenna, Duane D. & Ueshima, Norihiro, 2021, Generic relationships of New World Jerusalem crickets (Orthoptera: Stenopelmatoidea: Stenopelmatinae), including all known species of Stenopelmatus, pp. 1-122 in Zootaxa 4917 (1) on page 64, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4917.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/4472033