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11 results on '"McIntosh, O."'

3. The role of sustainability knowledge-action platforms in advancing multi-stakeholder engagement on sustainability

Author

Bream McIntosh, O, Burnett, A, Feldman, I, Lamphere, JA, Reuter, TA, Vital, E, Bream McIntosh, O, Burnett, A, Feldman, I, Lamphere, JA, Reuter, TA, and Vital, E

Abstract

Within the last decade, online sustainability knowledge-action platforms have proliferated. We surveyed 198 sustainability-oriented sites and conducted a review of 41 knowledge-action platforms, which we define as digital tools that advance sustainability through organized activities and knowledge dissemination. We analyzed platform structure and functionality through a systematic coding process based on key issues identified in three bodies of literature: (a) the emergence of digital platforms, (b) the localization of the sustainable development goals (SDGs), and (c) the importance of multi-level governance to sustainability action. While online collaborative tools offer an array of resources, our analysis indicates that they struggle to provide context-sensitivity and higher-level analysis of the trade-offs and synergies between sustainability actions. SDG localization adds another layer of complexity where multi-level governance, actor, and institutional priorities may generate tensions as well as opportunities for intra- and cross-sectoral alignment. On the basis of our analysis, we advocate for the development of integrative open-source and dynamic global online data management tools that would enable the monitoring of progress and facilitate peer-to-peer exchange of ideas and experience among local government, community, and business stakeholders. We argue that by showcasing and exemplifying local actions, an integrative platform that leverages existing content from multiple extant platforms through effective data interoperability can provide additional functionality and significantly empower local actors to accelerate local to global actions, while also complex system change.

Published
2023

4. Sedimentary Organics in Glen Torridon, Gale Crater, Mars: Results from the SAM Instrument Suite and Supporting Laboratory Analyses

Author

Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Department of Earth, Atmospheric, and Planetary Sciences, Millan, M, Williams, AJ, McAdam, AC, Eigenbrode, JL, Steele, A, Freissinet, C, Glavin, DP, Szopa, C, Buch, A, Summons, RE, Lewis, JMT, Wong, GM, House, CH, Sutter, B, McIntosh, O, Bryk, AB, Franz, HB, Pozarycki, C, Stern, JC, Navarro-Gonzalez, R, Archer, DP, Fox, V, Bennett, K, Teinturier, S, Malespin, C, Johnson, SS, Mahaffy, PR, Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Department of Earth, Atmospheric, and Planetary Sciences, Millan, M, Williams, AJ, McAdam, AC, Eigenbrode, JL, Steele, A, Freissinet, C, Glavin, DP, Szopa, C, Buch, A, Summons, RE, Lewis, JMT, Wong, GM, House, CH, Sutter, B, McIntosh, O, Bryk, AB, Franz, HB, Pozarycki, C, Stern, JC, Navarro-Gonzalez, R, Archer, DP, Fox, V, Bennett, K, Teinturier, S, Malespin, C, Johnson, SS, and Mahaffy, PR

Published
2023

5. Sedimentary Organics in Glen Torridon, Gale Crater, Mars: Results From the SAM Instrument Suite and Supporting Laboratory Analyses

Author

Millan, M., primary, Williams, A. J., additional, McAdam, A. C., additional, Eigenbrode, J. L., additional, Steele, A., additional, Freissinet, C., additional, Glavin, D. P., additional, Szopa, C., additional, Buch, A., additional, Summons, R. E., additional, Lewis, J. M. T., additional, Wong, G. M., additional, House, C. H., additional, Sutter, B., additional, McIntosh, O., additional, Bryk, A. B., additional, Franz, H. B., additional, Pozarycki, C., additional, Stern, J. C., additional, Navarro‐Gonzalez, R., additional, Archer, D. P., additional, Fox, V., additional, Bennett, K., additional, Teinturier, S., additional, Malespin, C., additional, Johnson, S. S., additional, and Mahaffy, P. R., additional

Published
2022
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6. Search of Phosphine in the Evolved Gases from Hypophosphite/Phosphite Minerals in Lacustrine Sedimentary Rocks at Gale Crater by the Sample Analysis at Mars

Author

Navarro-González, R., Coll, Patrice, Szopa, Cyril, Freissinet, Caroline, Buch, Arnaud, Mckay, C., Mcintosh, O., Millan, Maëva, Archer, P., Eigenbrode, J., Sutter, B., Prats, B., Williams, A., Mcadam, A., Franz, H., Steele, A., Atreya, S., Wong, G., Stern, J., Ming, D., Coscia, David, Teinturier, Samuel, Bonnet, Jean-Yves, Clark, J., House, C., Glavin, D., Raulin, François, Cabane, Michel, Malespin, C., Mahaffy, Paul, Martín-Torres, F., Zorzano-Mier, M.-P., Meslin, P.-Y, Rodriguez-Manfredi, J., Fraeman, A., Vasavada, A., Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México = National Autonomous University of Mexico (UNAM), Laboratoire Interuniversitaire des Systèmes Atmosphériques (LISA (UMR_7583)), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), PLANETO - LATMOS, Laboratoire Atmosphères, Milieux, Observations Spatiales (LATMOS), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de Génie des Procédés et Matériaux (LGPM), CentraleSupélec-Université Paris-Saclay, NASA Ames Research Center (ARC), Georgetown University [Washington] (GU), Jacobs Technology ESCG, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), University of Florida [Gainesville] (UF), Carnegie Institution for Science, University of Michigan [Ann Arbor], University of Michigan System, Pennsylvania State University (Penn State), Penn State System, NASA Johnson Space Center (JSC), NASA, Department of Geological Sciences [Gainesville] (UF|Geological), University of Aberdeen, Institut de recherche en astrophysique et planétologie (IRAP), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centro de Astrobiologia [Madrid] (CAB), Instituto Nacional de Técnica Aeroespacial (INTA)-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [Madrid] (CSIC), Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL), NASA-California Institute of Technology (CALTECH), and California Institute of Technology (CALTECH)

Subjects
[SDU]Sciences of the Universe [physics]
Abstract

International audience

Published
2021

10. Undecanoic Acid and L-Phenylalanine in Vermiculite: Detection, Characterization, and UV Degradation Studies for Biosignature Identification on Mars.

Author

McIntosh O, García-Florentino C, Fornaro T, Marabello D, Alberini A, Siljeström S, Biczysko M, Szopa C, and Brucato J

Subjects
Extraterrestrial Environment chemistry, Photolysis, Fatty Acids chemistry, Fatty Acids analysis, Mars, Ultraviolet Rays, Phenylalanine chemistry, Exobiology methods, Aluminum Silicates chemistry
Abstract

Solar radiation that arrives on the surface of Mars interacts with organic molecules present in the soil. The radiation can degrade or transform the organic matter and make the search for biosignatures on the planet's surface difficult. Therefore, samples to be analyzed by instruments on board Mars probes for molecular content should be selectively chosen to have the highest organic preservation content. To support the identification of organic molecules on Mars, the behavior under UV irradiation of two organic compounds, undecanoic acid and L-phenylalanine, in the presence of vermiculite and two chloride salts, NaCl and MgCl, was studied. The degradation of the molecule's bands was monitored through IR spectroscopy. Our results show that, while vermiculite acts as a photoprotective mineral with L-phenylalanine, it catalyzes the photodegradation of undecanoic acid molecules. On the other hand, both chloride salts studied decreased the degradation of both organic species acting as photoprotectors. While these results do not allow us to conclude on the preservation capabilities of vermiculite, they show that places where chloride salts are present could be good candidates for in situ analytic experiments on Mars due to their organic preservation capacity under UV radiation.

Published
2024
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11. Dark microbiome and extremely low organics in Atacama fossil delta unveil Mars life detection limits.

Author

Azua-Bustos A, Fairén AG, González-Silva C, Prieto-Ballesteros O, Carrizo D, Sánchez-García L, Parro V, Fernández-Martínez MÁ, Escudero C, Muñoz-Iglesias V, Fernández-Sampedro M, Molina A, Villadangos MG, Moreno-Paz M, Wierzchos J, Ascaso C, Fornaro T, Brucato JR, Poggiali G, Manrique JA, Veneranda M, López-Reyes G, Sanz-Arranz A, Rull F, Ollila AM, Wiens RC, Reyes-Newell A, Clegg SM, Millan M, Johnson SS, McIntosh O, Szopa C, Freissinet C, Sekine Y, Fukushi K, Morida K, Inoue K, Sakuma H, and Rampe E

Subjects
Exobiology methods, Fossils, Limit of Detection, Phylogeny, Extraterrestrial Environment, Mars
Abstract

Identifying unequivocal signs of life on Mars is one of the most important objectives for sending missions to the red planet. Here we report Red Stone, a 163-100 My alluvial fan-fan delta that formed under arid conditions in the Atacama Desert, rich in hematite and mudstones containing clays such as vermiculite and smectites, and therefore geologically analogous to Mars. We show that Red Stone samples display an important number of microorganisms with an unusual high rate of phylogenetic indeterminacy, what we refer to as "dark microbiome", and a mix of biosignatures from extant and ancient microorganisms that can be barely detected with state-of-the-art laboratory equipment. Our analyses by testbed instruments that are on or will be sent to Mars unveil that although the mineralogy of Red Stone matches that detected by ground-based instruments on the red planet, similarly low levels of organics will be hard, if not impossible to detect in Martian rocks depending on the instrument and technique used. Our results stress the importance in returning samples to Earth for conclusively addressing whether life ever existed on Mars., (© 2023. The Author(s).)

Published
2023
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