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Background: Nutrition counselling is characterised by a collaborative approach where the patient and the dietitian establish goals that promote health and self‐management. Little is known about goal‐setting in nutrition interventions of patients at risk of malnutrition. The present study aims to describe the perspectives and needs of patients at risk of malnutrition regarding goals of nutrition interventions. Methods: Semi‐structured interviews were conducted with 15 patients from three primary care centres and one hospital in mid‐Sweden selected through purposive sampling. Interview transcripts were analysed using reflexive thematic analysis following the six‐phase guidelines of Braun and Clarke to identify patterns of shared meaning and themes in the data. Results: The findings highlight that the participants rarely reflected on their personal goals of the nutrition intervention. Instead, they strived to maintain strength and energy, with the nutrition counselling being seen as supportive in managing nutrition impact symptoms. They described discrepancies between their perspectives and the dietitian's regarding weight goals and the diet prescribed to gain weight. Conclusions: The study findings suggest that elucidating patients' goals is key to counteracting the discrepancies between the dietitians' clinically oriented goals and patients' perspectives. Goal‐setting is part of the dietitian's structured working process, whereas the patient's lifeworld is complex and unstructured. To provide person‐centred nutrition care, new strategies and tools are needed to facilitate collaborative goal‐setting. These approaches will bridge the gap between clinical goals and patients' individual needs, promoting better alignment and improved outcomes. Key points: Patients at risk of malnutrition described rarely considering their own goals for nutrition interventions.Nutrition counselling was seen as valuable in managing nutrition impact symptoms and maintaining strength and energy.Understanding and incorporating patients' goals in nutrition interventions might bridge the gap between dietitians clinically oriented goals and patients' perspectives. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Nutrition care plays a significant role in the prevention and treatment of malnutrition, although the challenge to establish the precise impact of a nutrition intervention on patient outcomes remains. Malnutrition can be associated with diverse underlying diseases and an increased risk of complications, which increases the difficulty of monitoring and evaluating the nutrition intervention. The aim is to gain an understanding of dietitians' reflections concerning nutrition care outcomes of interventions in patients at risk of malnutrition. Methods: Six semi‐structured audio‐recorded focus group discussions with registered dietitians from primary healthcare and hospitals (n = 29) in Sweden were held at the dietitians' place of work or at the University. Focus group transcripts were analysed thematically to reveal patterns in the data and identify themes and subthemes. Results: The dietitians described an approach to nutrition monitoring and evaluation of patients at risk of malnutrition that was categorised into three themes: (i) quantitative explicit outcomes, based on objective measures and described as rigorous; (ii) quantitative estimated outcomes, based on estimates and described as less rigorous and (iii) qualitative implicit outcomes, based on patients' subjective perceptions and experiences of their health and described as difficult to measure. Conclusions: Findings indicate the need for new strategies to promote systematic and comprehensive nutrition monitoring and evaluation. Highlights: Dietitians endeavour to quantify and measure rigorous outcomes to enable nutrition monitoring and evaluation of patients at risk of malnutrition.The detitians described qualitative outcomes as those often being most significant to patients.Qualitative outcomes were described to be less well documented in the electronic health record and therefore implicit in nutrition monitoring and evaluation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study of patients under investigation for lung cancer (LC) aims to: 1) examine the prevalence of self-reported taste and smell alterations (TSAs) and their relationships with demographic and clinical characteristics; and 2) explore nutritional importance of TSAs by examining their associations with patient-reported weight loss, symptoms interfering with food intake, and changes in food intake. Methods. Patients were recruited consecutively during investigation for LC from one university hospital in Sweden. Patient-reported information on TSAs, demographics, six-month weight history, symptoms interfering with food intake, and changes in food intake was obtained. Relationships between TSAs and other variables were examined using two-tailed significance tests. In addition, putative explanatory factors for weight loss were explored in those patients diagnosed with LC, since a relationship between TSAs and weight loss was found in this group. Results. The final sample consisted of 215 patients, of which 117 were diagnosed with primary LC within four months of study inclusion and 98 did not receive a cancer diagnosis. The 38% prevalence of TSAs was identical in both groups, and were generally reported as mild and not interfering with food intake. However, a statistically significant relationship between TSAs and weight loss was found among patients with LC, with a median weight change of − 5.5% and a higher frequency of weight loss ≥ 10%. Patients with LC and weight loss ≥ 10%, had higher frequency of reporting TSAs, of decreased food intake and of ≥ 1 symptom interfering with food intake compared with those with less weight loss. Conclusion. TSAs, although relatively mild, were present in 38% of patients with and without LC. Relationships between TSAs and weight loss were found among patients with LC, but not fully explained by decreased food intake. This highlights the complexity of cancer-related weight loss. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Homelessness is an increasing problem worldwide, and the origins of homelessness in high-income countries are multifaceted. Due to stigma and discrimination, persons in homelessness delay seeking health care, resulting in avoidable illness and death. The Attitudes Towards Homelessness Inventory (ATHI) was developed to cover multiple dimensions of attitudes toward persons in homelessness and to detect changes in multiple segments of populations. It has, however, not previously been translated to Swedish., Aims: The aim of the present study was to translate, cross-culturally adapt, and psychometrically test the ATHI for use in a Swedish healthcare context., Methods: The project used a traditional forward- and back-translation process in six stages: (1) two simultaneous translations by bilingual experts; (2) expert review committee synthesis; (3) blind back-translation; (4) expert review committee deliberations; (5) pre-testing with cognitive interviews including registered nurses (n = 5), nursing students (n = 5), and women in homelessness (n = 5); and (6) psychometric evaluations. The final ATHI questionnaire was answered by 228 registered nurses and nursing students in the year 2019., Results: The translation process was systematically conducted and entailed discussions regarding semantic, idiomatic, experiential, and conceptual equivalence. Confirmatory factor analysis was used to examine if the collected data fitted the hypothesized four-factor structure of the ATHI. Overall, it was found that the model had an acceptable fit and that the Swedish version of ATHI may be used in a Swedish healthcare context., Linking Evidence to Action: The ATHI has been shown to be a psychometrically acceptable research instrument for use in a Swedish healthcare context. The systematic and rigorous process applied in this study, including experts with diverse competencies in translation proceedings and testing, improved the reliability and validity of the final Swedish version of the ATHI. The instrument may be used to investigate attitudes toward women in homelessness among nursing students and RNs in Sweden., (© 2020 The Authors. Worldviews on Evidence-based Nursing published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of Sigma Theta Tau International.)