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7 results on '"McGeorge, Photini J. P."'

1. Ancient DNA reveals admixture history and endogamy in the prehistoric Aegean

Author

Skourtanioti, Eirini, Ringbauer, Harald, Gnecchi Ruscone, Guido Alberto, Bianco, Raffaela Angelina, Burri, Marta, Freund, Cäcilia, Furtwängler, Anja, Gomes Martins, Nuno Filipe, Knolle, Florian, Neumann, Gunnar U., Tiliakou, Anthi, Agelarakis, Anagnostis, Andreadaki-Vlazaki, Maria, Betancourt, Philip, Hallager, Birgitta P., Jones, Olivia A., Kakavogianni, Olga, Kanta, Athanasia, Karkanas, Panagiotis, Kataki, Efthymia, Kissas, Konstantinos, Koehl, Robert, Kvapil, Lynne, Maran, Joseph, McGeorge, Photini J. P., Papadimitriou, Alkestis, Papathanasiou, Anastasia, Papazoglou-Manioudaki, Lena, Paschalidis, Kostas, Polychronakou-Sgouritsa, Naya, Preve, Sofia, Prevedorou, Eleni-Anna, Price, Gypsy, Protopapadaki, Eftychia, Schmidt-Schultz, Tyede, Schultz, Michael, Shelton, Kim, Wiener, Malcolm H., Krause, Johannes, Jeong, Choongwon, and Stockhammer, Philipp W.

Published
2023
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2. Archaeometric evidence for the earliest exploitation of lignite from the bronze age Eastern Mediterranean

Author

Buckley, Stephen, Power, Robert C., Andreadaki-Vlazaki, Maria, Akar, Murat, Becher, Julia, Belser, Matthias, Cafisso, Sara, Eisenmann, Stefanie, Fletcher, Joann, Francken, Michael, Hallager, Birgitta, Harvati, Katerina, Ingman, Tara, Kataki, Efthymia, Maran, Joseph, Martin, Mario A. S., McGeorge, Photini J. P., Milevski, Ianir, Papadimitriou, Alkestis, Protopapadaki, Eftychia, Salazar-García, Domingo C., Schmidt-Schultz, Tyede, Schuenemann, Verena J., Shafiq, Rula, Stuijts, Ingelise, Yegorov, Dmitry, Yener, K. Aslιhan, Schultz, Michael, Spiteri, Cynthianne, and Stockhammer, Philipp W.

Published
2021
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3. Archaeometric evidence for the earliest exploitation of lignite from the bronze age Eastern Mediterranean

Author

Ingman, Tara, Buckley, Stephen; Power, Robert C.; Andreadaki-Vlazaki, Maria; Akar, Murat; Becher, Julia; Belser, Matthias; Cafisso, Sara; Eisenmann, Stefanie; Fletcher, Joann; Francken, Michael; Hallager, Birgitta; Harvati, Katerina; Kataki, Efthymia; Maran, Joseph; Martin, Mario A. S.; McGeorge, Photini J. P.; Milevski, Ianir; Papadimitriou, Alkestis; Protopapadaki, Eftychia; Salazar-Garcia, Domingo C.; Schmidt-Schultz, Tyede; Schuenemann, Verena J.; Shafiq, Rula; Stuijts, Ingelise; Yegorov, Dmitry; Yener, K. Aslıhan; Schultz, Michael; Spiteri, Cynthianne; Stockhammer, Philipp W., Koç University Research Center for Anatolian Civilizations (ANAMED) / Koç Üniversitesi Anadolu Medeniyetleri Araştırma Merkezi (ANAMED), Ingman, Tara, Buckley, Stephen; Power, Robert C.; Andreadaki-Vlazaki, Maria; Akar, Murat; Becher, Julia; Belser, Matthias; Cafisso, Sara; Eisenmann, Stefanie; Fletcher, Joann; Francken, Michael; Hallager, Birgitta; Harvati, Katerina; Kataki, Efthymia; Maran, Joseph; Martin, Mario A. S.; McGeorge, Photini J. P.; Milevski, Ianir; Papadimitriou, Alkestis; Protopapadaki, Eftychia; Salazar-Garcia, Domingo C.; Schmidt-Schultz, Tyede; Schuenemann, Verena J.; Shafiq, Rula; Stuijts, Ingelise; Yegorov, Dmitry; Yener, K. Aslıhan; Schultz, Michael; Spiteri, Cynthianne; Stockhammer, Philipp W., and Koç University Research Center for Anatolian Civilizations (ANAMED) / Koç Üniversitesi Anadolu Medeniyetleri Araştırma Merkezi (ANAMED)

Abstract

This paper presents the earliest evidence for the exploitation of lignite (brown coal) in Europe and sheds new light on the use of combustion fuel sources in the 2nd millennium BCE Eastern Mediterranean. We applied Thermal Desorption/Pyrolysis-Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry and Polarizing Microscopy to the dental calculus of 67 individuals and we identified clear evidence for combustion markers embedded within this calculus. In contrast to the scant evidence for combustion markers within the calculus samples from Egypt, all other individuals show the inhalation of smoke from fires burning wood identified as Pinaceae, in addition to hardwood, such as oak and olive, and/or dung. Importantly, individuals from the Palatial Period at the Mycenaean citadel of Tiryns and the Cretan harbour site of Chania also show the inhalation of fire-smoke from lignite, consistent with the chemical signature of sources in the northwestern Peloponnese and Western Crete respectively. This first evidence for lignite exploitation was likely connected to and at the same time enabled Late Bronze Age Aegean metal and pottery production, significantly by both male and female individuals., European Union (EU); Horizon 2020; European Research Council (ERC) Starting Grant; Project ‘FoodTransforms: transformations of food in the Eastern Mediterranean Late Bronze Age’; German-Israel Foundation for Science and Research; GIF; Project ‘Negotiating Change – Cultural and Social Transformations in the Late 2nd Millennium BCE East Mediterranean: Case Studies from Tiryns, Greece, and Tell es-Safi/Gath, Israel’; German Research Foundation; European Union (EU); Horizon 2020; European Research Council (ERC); Pharos Research; Projekt DEAL

Published
2021

5. The Minoans : demography, physical variation and affinities

Author

McGeorge, Photini J. P.

Subjects
900, History
Abstract

The present study, using modern analytical methods, is the first comprehensive discussion of the physical anthropology of Crete in the third and second millennia BC. The text is divided into ten chapters of which the first three are introductory. The first chapter summarizes previous anthropological research on Crete and sets out the aims of the thesis. The second chapter describes Crete's geographical situation and the known evidence for the prehistoric environment of the populations under study. The third chapter discusses their cultural background and also provides a chronological frame of reference. The following chapters present the material studied, much of it newly excavated, and describe the nature of the material and its archaeological context. Unfortunately very little early skeletal material survives, so that this investigation mainly relies on later, better preserved material from numerous Minoan chamber tombs. The demographic data extracted is discussed. The methods of multivariate analysis of the metrical data and their results are described giving their interpretation. There follows a discussion of the non-metrical traits observed in the population and their possible biological significance. The evidence of oral and skeletal pathology, using photographic and radiographic illustrations, is presented and discussed. In the final chapter, the conclusions, the biological variation of the Cretan population and links with mainland Greece and the rest of the Eastern Mediterranean are considered. Some insight into the relationships between the populations is offered.

Published
1983

7. Ancient Yersinia pestis and Salmonella enterica genomes from Bronze Age Crete.

Author

Neumann GU, Skourtanioti E, Burri M, Nelson EA, Michel M, Hiss AN, McGeorge PJP, Betancourt PP, Spyrou MA, Krause J, and Stockhammer PW

Subjects
Genome, Bacterial, Greece, Humans, Phylogeny, Salmonella enterica genetics, Yersinia pestis genetics
Abstract

During the late 3 rd millennium BCE, the Eastern Mediterranean and Near East witnessed societal changes in many regions, which are usually explained with a combination of social and climatic factors. 1-4 However, recent archaeogenetic research forces us to rethink models regarding the role of infectious diseases in past societal trajectories. 5 The plague bacterium Yersinia pestis, which was involved in some of the most destructive historical pandemics, 5-8 circulated across Eurasia at least from the onset of the 3 rd millennium BCE, 9-13 but the challenging preservation of ancient DNA in warmer climates has restricted the identification of Y. pestis from this period to temperate climatic regions. As such, evidence from culturally prominent regions such as the Eastern Mediterranean is currently lacking. Here, we present genetic evidence for the presence of Y. pestis and Salmonella enterica, the causative agent of typhoid/enteric fever, from this period of transformation in Crete, detected at the cave site Hagios Charalambos. We reconstructed one Y. pestis genome that forms part of a now-extinct lineage of Y. pestis strains from the Late Neolithic and Bronze Age that were likely not yet adapted for transmission via fleas. Furthermore, we reconstructed two ancient S. enterica genomes from the Para C lineage, which cluster with contemporary strains that were likely not yet fully host adapted to humans. The occurrence of these two virulent pathogens at the end of the Early Minoan period in Crete emphasizes the necessity to re-introduce infectious diseases as an additional factor possibly contributing to the transformation of early complex societies in the Aegean and beyond., Competing Interests: Declaration of interests The authors declare no competing interests., (Copyright © 2022 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)

Published
2022
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