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1. Genome-wide association analyses identify 95 risk loci and provide insights into the neurobiology of post-traumatic stress disorder

Author

Nievergelt, Caroline M., Maihofer, Adam X., Atkinson, Elizabeth G., Chen, Chia-Yen, Choi, Karmel W., Coleman, Jonathan R. I., Daskalakis, Nikolaos P., Duncan, Laramie E., Polimanti, Renato, Aaronson, Cindy, Amstadter, Ananda B., Andersen, Soren B., Andreassen, Ole A., Arbisi, Paul A., Ashley-Koch, Allison E., Austin, S. Bryn, Avdibegoviç, Esmina, Babić, Dragan, Bacanu, Silviu-Alin, Baker, Dewleen G., Batzler, Anthony, Beckham, Jean C., Belangero, Sintia, Benjet, Corina, Bergner, Carisa, Bierer, Linda M., Biernacka, Joanna M., Bierut, Laura J., Bisson, Jonathan I., Boks, Marco P., Bolger, Elizabeth A., Brandolino, Amber, Breen, Gerome, Bressan, Rodrigo Affonseca, Bryant, Richard A., Bustamante, Angela C., Bybjerg-Grauholm, Jonas, Bækvad-Hansen, Marie, Børglum, Anders D., Børte, Sigrid, Cahn, Leah, Calabrese, Joseph R., Caldas-de-Almeida, Jose Miguel, Chatzinakos, Chris, Cheema, Sheraz, Clouston, Sean A. P., Colodro-Conde, Lucía, Coombes, Brandon J., Cruz-Fuentes, Carlos S., Dale, Anders M., Dalvie, Shareefa, Davis, Lea K., Deckert, Jürgen, Delahanty, Douglas L., Dennis, Michelle F., Desarnaud, Frank, DiPietro, Christopher P., Disner, Seth G., Docherty, Anna R., Domschke, Katharina, Dyb, Grete, Kulenović, Alma Džubur, Edenberg, Howard J., Evans, Alexandra, Fabbri, Chiara, Fani, Negar, Farrer, Lindsay A., Feder, Adriana, Feeny, Norah C., Flory, Janine D., Forbes, David, Franz, Carol E., Galea, Sandro, Garrett, Melanie E., Gelaye, Bizu, Gelernter, Joel, Geuze, Elbert, Gillespie, Charles F., Goleva, Slavina B., Gordon, Scott D., Goçi, Aferdita, Grasser, Lana Ruvolo, Guindalini, Camila, Haas, Magali, Hagenaars, Saskia, Hauser, Michael A., Heath, Andrew C., Hemmings, Sian M. J., Hesselbrock, Victor, Hickie, Ian B., Hogan, Kelleigh, Hougaard, David Michael, Huang, Hailiang, Huckins, Laura M., Hveem, Kristian, Jakovljević, Miro, Javanbakht, Arash, Jenkins, Gregory D., Johnson, Jessica, Jones, Ian, Jovanovic, Tanja, Karstoft, Karen-Inge, Kaufman, Milissa L., Kennedy, James L., Kessler, Ronald C., Khan, Alaptagin, Kimbrel, Nathan A., King, Anthony P., Koen, Nastassja, Kotov, Roman, Kranzler, Henry R., Krebs, Kristi, Kremen, William S., Kuan, Pei-Fen, Lawford, Bruce R., Lebois, Lauren A. M., Lehto, Kelli, Levey, Daniel F., Lewis, Catrin, Liberzon, Israel, Linnstaedt, Sarah D., Logue, Mark W., Lori, Adriana, Lu, Yi, Luft, Benjamin J., Lupton, Michelle K., Luykx, Jurjen J., Makotkine, Iouri, Maples-Keller, Jessica L., Marchese, Shelby, Marmar, Charles, Martin, Nicholas G., Martínez-Levy, Gabriela A., McAloney, Kerrie, McFarlane, Alexander, McLaughlin, Katie A., McLean, Samuel A., Medland, Sarah E., Mehta, Divya, Meyers, Jacquelyn, Michopoulos, Vasiliki, Mikita, Elizabeth A., Milani, Lili, Milberg, William, Miller, Mark W., Morey, Rajendra A., Morris, Charles Phillip, Mors, Ole, Mortensen, Preben Bo, Mufford, Mary S., Nelson, Elliot C., Nordentoft, Merete, Norman, Sonya B., Nugent, Nicole R., O’Donnell, Meaghan, Orcutt, Holly K., Pan, Pedro M., Panizzon, Matthew S., Pathak, Gita A., Peters, Edward S., Peterson, Alan L., Peverill, Matthew, Pietrzak, Robert H., Polusny, Melissa A., Porjesz, Bernice, Powers, Abigail, Qin, Xue-Jun, Ratanatharathorn, Andrew, Risbrough, Victoria B., Roberts, Andrea L., Rothbaum, Alex O., Rothbaum, Barbara O., Roy-Byrne, Peter, Ruggiero, Kenneth J., Rung, Ariane, Runz, Heiko, Rutten, Bart P. F., de Viteri, Stacey Saenz, Salum, Giovanni Abrahão, Sampson, Laura, Sanchez, Sixto E., Santoro, Marcos, Seah, Carina, Seedat, Soraya, Seng, Julia S., Shabalin, Andrey, Sheerin, Christina M., Silove, Derrick, Smith, Alicia K., Smoller, Jordan W., Sponheim, Scott R., Stein, Dan J., Stensland, Synne, Stevens, Jennifer S., Sumner, Jennifer A., Teicher, Martin H., Thompson, Wesley K., Tiwari, Arun K., Trapido, Edward, Uddin, Monica, Ursano, Robert J., Valdimarsdóttir, Unnur, Van Hooff, Miranda, Vermetten, Eric, Vinkers, Christiaan H., Voisey, Joanne, Wang, Yunpeng, Wang, Zhewu, Waszczuk, Monika, Weber, Heike, Wendt, Frank R., Werge, Thomas, Williams, Michelle A., Williamson, Douglas E., Winsvold, Bendik S., Winternitz, Sherry, Wolf, Christiane, Wolf, Erika J., Xia, Yan, Xiong, Ying, Yehuda, Rachel, Young, Keith A., Young, Ross McD, Zai, Clement C., Zai, Gwyneth C., Zervas, Mark, Zhao, Hongyu, Zoellner, Lori A., Zwart, John-Anker, deRoon-Cassini, Terri, van Rooij, Sanne J. H., van den Heuvel, Leigh L., Stein, Murray B., Ressler, Kerry J., and Koenen, Karestan C.

Published
2024
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2. Disorders Specifically Associated with Stress: PTSD, Complex PTSD, Prolonged Grief Disorder, Acute Stress Reaction, Adjustment Disorder

Author

Blakey, Shannon M., Dillon, Kirsten H., McFarlane, Alexander, Beckham, Jean C., Ng, Chee H., Section editor, Lecic-Tosevski, Dusica, Section editor, Alfonso, César A., Section editor, Salloum, Ihsan M., Section editor, Tasman, Allan, editor, Riba, Michelle B., editor, Alarcón, Renato D., editor, Alfonso, César A., editor, Kanba, Shigenobu, editor, Lecic-Tosevski, Dusica, editor, Ndetei, David M., editor, Ng, Chee H., editor, and Schulze, Thomas G., editor

Published
2024
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3. Psychological trauma and the genetic overlap between posttraumatic stress disorder and major depressive disorder

Author

Mundy, Jessica, Hübel, Christopher, Gelernter, Joel, Levey, Daniel, Murray, Robin M, Skelton, Megan, Stein, Murray B, Maihofer, Adam X, Nievergelt, Caroline M, Baker, Dewlen G, Risborough, Victoria B, Calabrese, Joseph R, Galea, Sandro, Stein, Dan J, Koen, Nastassja, Dalvie, Shareefa, Aiello, Allison E, Roberts, Andrea L, Koenen, KC, Solovieff, Nadia, Kranzler, Henry R, Zhao, Hongyu, Farrer, Lindsay A, Johnson, Eric Otto, Rice, John P, Bierut, Laura J, Saccone, Nancy L, McFarlane, Alexander, Forbes, David, Silove, Derrick, O'Donnell, Meaghan, Bryant, Richard A, van Hooff, Miranda, Sponheim, Scott R, Disner, Seth G, Pietrzak, Robert H, Chen, Chia-Yen, Smoller, Jordan W, Ursano, Robert J, Kessler, Ronald C, Junglen, Angela G, Delahanty, Douglas L, Amstadter, Ananda B, Sheerin, Christina M, Ruggiero, Ken, McLaughlin, Katie A, Peverill, Matthew, Caldas-de-Almeida, JM, Austin, S Bryn, Gelaye, Bizu, Williams, Michelle A, Sanchez, Sixto E, Franz, Carol E, Panizzon, Matthew S, Lyons, Michael J, Kremen, William S, Andreassen, Ole A, Dale, Anders M, Rutten, Bart PF, Vinkers, Christiaan, Schijven, Dick, Geuze, Elbert, Vermetten, Eric, Luykx, Jurjen J, Boks, Marco P, Ashley-Koch, Allison E, Beckham, Jean C, Garrett, Melanie E, Hauser, Michael A, Dennis, Michelle F, Kimbrel, Nathan A, Qin, Xue-Jun, Karstoft, Karen-Inge, Andersen, Soren B, Borglum, Anders D, Hougaard, David Michael, Bybjerg-Grauholm, Jonas, Duncan, Laramie E, Bµkvad-Hansen, Marie, Nordentoft, Merete, Mors, Ole, Mortensen, PB, Werge, Thomas, Thompson, Wesley K, Wang, Yunpeng, Heath, Andrew C, Nelson, Elliot C, Martin, Nicholas G, Gordon, Scott D, Wolf, Erika J, Logue, Mark W, Miller, Mark W, McGlinchey, Regina E, Milberg, William, Erbes, Christopher R, Polusny, Melissa A, Arbisi, Paul A, and Peterson, Alan L

Subjects
Prevention, Clinical Research, Genetics, Serious Mental Illness, Depression, Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD), Mental Health, Brain Disorders, Anxiety Disorders, Major Depressive Disorder, Human Genome, 2.3 Psychological, social and economic factors, Aetiology, Mental health, Good Health and Well Being, Posttraumatic stress disorder, major depressive disorder, psychological trauma, genetics, genetic correlations, polygenic risk scores, Million Veteran Program, Post Traumatic Stress Disorder Working Group of the Psychiatric Genomics Consortium, Neurosciences, Public Health and Health Services, Psychology, Psychiatry
Abstract

BackgroundPosttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and major depressive disorder (MDD) are commonly reported co-occurring mental health consequences of psychological trauma exposure. The disorders have high genetic overlap. Trauma is a complex phenotype but research suggests that trauma sensitivity has a heritable basis. We investigated whether sensitivity to trauma in those with MDD reflects a similar genetic component in those with PTSD.MethodsGenetic correlations between PTSD and MDD in individuals reporting trauma and MDD in individuals not reporting trauma were estimated, as well as with recurrent MDD and single-episode MDD, using genome-wide association study (GWAS) summary statistics. Genetic correlations were replicated using PTSD data from the Psychiatric Genomics Consortium and the Million Veteran Program. Polygenic risk scores were generated in UK Biobank participants who met the criteria for lifetime MDD (N = 29 471). We investigated whether genetic loading for PTSD was associated with reporting trauma in these individuals.ResultsGenetic loading for PTSD was significantly associated with reporting trauma in individuals with MDD [OR 1.04 (95% CI 1.01-1.07), Empirical-p = 0.02]. PTSD was significantly more genetically correlated with recurrent MDD than with MDD in individuals not reporting trauma (rg differences = ~0.2, p < 0.008). Participants who had experienced recurrent MDD reported significantly higher rates of trauma than participants who had experienced single-episode MDD (χ2 > 166, p < 0.001).ConclusionsOur findings point towards the existence of genetic variants associated with trauma sensitivity that might be shared between PTSD and MDD, although replication with better powered GWAS is needed. Our findings corroborate previous research highlighting trauma exposure as a key risk factor for recurrent MDD.

Published
2022

9. Genomic influences on self-reported childhood maltreatment.

Author

Dalvie, Shareefa, Maihofer, Adam X, Coleman, Jonathan RI, Bradley, Bekh, Breen, Gerome, Brick, Leslie A, Chen, Chia-Yen, Choi, Karmel W, Duncan, Laramie E, Guffanti, Guia, Haas, Magali, Harnal, Supriya, Liberzon, Israel, Nugent, Nicole R, Provost, Allison C, Ressler, Kerry J, Torres, Katy, Amstadter, Ananda B, Bryn Austin, S, Baker, Dewleen G, Bolger, Elizabeth A, Bryant, Richard A, Calabrese, Joseph R, Delahanty, Douglas L, Farrer, Lindsay A, Feeny, Norah C, Flory, Janine D, Forbes, David, Galea, Sandro, Gautam, Aarti, Gelernter, Joel, Hammamieh, Rasha, Jett, Marti, Junglen, Angela G, Kaufman, Milissa L, Kessler, Ronald C, Khan, Alaptagin, Kranzler, Henry R, Lebois, Lauren AM, Marmar, Charles, Mavissakalian, Matig R, McFarlane, Alexander, Donnell, Meaghan O', Orcutt, Holly K, Pietrzak, Robert H, Risbrough, Victoria B, Roberts, Andrea L, Rothbaum, Alex O, Roy-Byrne, Peter, Ruggiero, Ken, Seligowski, Antonia V, Sheerin, Christina M, Silove, Derrick, Smoller, Jordan W, Stein, Murray B, Teicher, Martin H, Ursano, Robert J, Van Hooff, Miranda, Winternitz, Sherry, Wolff, Jonathan D, Yehuda, Rachel, Zhao, Hongyu, Zoellner, Lori A, Stein, Dan J, Koenen, Karestan C, and Nievergelt, Caroline M

Subjects
Clinical Sciences, Public Health and Health Services, Psychology
Abstract

Childhood maltreatment is highly prevalent and serves as a risk factor for mental and physical disorders. Self-reported childhood maltreatment appears heritable, but the specific genetic influences on this phenotype are largely unknown. The aims of this study were to (1) identify genetic variation associated with self-reported childhood maltreatment, (2) estimate SNP-based heritability (h2snp), (3) assess predictive value of polygenic risk scores (PRS) for childhood maltreatment, and (4) quantify genetic overlap of childhood maltreatment with mental and physical health-related phenotypes, and condition the top hits from our analyses when such overlap is present. Genome-wide association analysis for childhood maltreatment was undertaken, using a discovery sample from the UK Biobank (UKBB) (n = 124,000) and a replication sample from the Psychiatric Genomics Consortium-posttraumatic stress disorder group (PGC-PTSD) (n = 26,290). h2snp for childhood maltreatment and genetic correlations with mental/physical health traits were calculated using linkage disequilibrium score regression. PRS was calculated using PRSice and mtCOJO was used to perform conditional analysis. Two genome-wide significant loci associated with childhood maltreatment (rs142346759, p = 4.35 × 10-8, FOXP1; rs10262462, p = 3.24 × 10-8, FOXP2) were identified in the discovery dataset but were not replicated in PGC-PTSD. h2snp for childhood maltreatment was ~6% and the PRS derived from the UKBB was significantly predictive of childhood maltreatment in PGC-PTSD (r2 = 0.0025; p = 1.8 × 10-15). The most significant genetic correlation of childhood maltreatment was with depressive symptoms (rg = 0.70, p = 4.65 × 10-40), although we show evidence that our top hits may be specific to childhood maltreatment. This is the first large-scale genetic study to identify specific variants associated with self-reported childhood maltreatment. Speculatively, FOXP genes might influence externalizing traits and so be relevant to childhood maltreatment. Alternatively, these variants may be associated with a greater likelihood of reporting maltreatment. A clearer understanding of the genetic relationships of childhood maltreatment, including particular abuse subtypes, with a range of phenotypes, may ultimately be useful in in developing targeted treatment and prevention strategies.

Published
2020

10. The Relationship of Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder With Posttraumatic Stress Disorder: A Two-Sample Mendelian Randomization and Population-Based Sibling Comparison Study

Author

Maihofer, Adam X., Choi, Karmel W., Coleman, Jonathan R.I., Daskalakis, Nikolaos P., Denckla, Christy A., Ketema, Elizabeth, Morey, Rajendra A., Polimanti, Renato, Ratanatharathorn, Andrew, Torres, Katy, Wingo, Aliza P., Zai, Clement C., Aiello, Allison E., Almli, Lynn M., Amstadter, Ananda B., Andersen, Soren B., Andreassen, Ole A., Arbisi, Paul A., Ashley-Koch, Allison E., Austin, S. Bryn, Avdibegovic, Esmina, Borglum, Anders D., Babic, Dragan, Bækvad-Hansen, Marie, Baker, Dewleen G., Beckham, Jean C., Bierut, Laura J., Bisson, Jonathan I., Boks, Marco P., Bolger, Elizabeth A., Bradley, Bekh, Brashear, Meghan, Breen, Gerome, Bryant, Richard A., Bustamante, Angela C., Bybjerg-Grauholm, Jonas, Calabrese, Joseph R., Caldas-de-Almeida, Jose Miguel, Chen, Chia-Yen, Dale, Anders M., Dalvie, Shareefa, Deckert, Jürgen, Delahanty, Douglas L., Dennis, Michelle F., Disner, Seth G., Domschke, Katharina, Duncan, Laramie E., Kulenovic, Alma Dzubur, Erbes, Christopher R., Evans, Alexandra, Farrer, Lindsay A., Feeny, Norah C., Flory, Janine D., Forbes, David, Franz, Carol E., Galea, Sandro, Garrett, Melanie E., Gautam, Aarti, Gelaye, Bizu, Gelernter, Joel, Geuze, Elbert, Gillespie, Charles F., Uka, Aferdita Goci, Gordon, Scott D., Guffanti, Guia, Hammamieh, Rasha, Hauser, Michael A., Heath, Andrew C., Hemmings, Sian M.J., Hougaard, David Michael, Jakovljevic, Miro, Jett, Marti, Johnson, Eric Otto, Jones, Ian, Jovanovic, Tanja, Qin, Xue-Jun, Karstoft, Karen-Inge, Kaufman, Milissa L., Kessler, Ronald C., Khan, Alaptagin, Kimbrel, Nathan A., King, Anthony P., Koen, Nastassja, Kranzler, Henry R., Kremen, William S., Lawford, Bruce R., Lebois, Lauren A.M., Lewis, Catrin, Liberzon, Israel, Linnstaedt, Sarah D., Logue, Mark W., Lori, Adriana, Lugonja, Bozo, Luykx, Jurjen J., Lyons, Michael J., Maples-Keller, Jessica L., Marmar, Charles, Martin, Nicholas G., Maurer, Douglas, Mavissakalian, Matig R., McFarlane, Alexander, McGlinchey, Regina E., McLaughlin, Katie A., McLean, Samuel A., Mehta, Divya, Mellor, Rebecca, Michopoulos, Vasiliki, Milberg, William, Miller, Mark W., Morris, Charles Phillip, Mors, Ole, Mortensen, Preben Bo, Nelson, Elliot C., Nordentoft, Merete, Norman, Sonya B., O’Donnell, Meaghan, Orcutt, Holly K., Panizzon, Matthew S., Peters, Edward S., Peterson, Alan L., Peverill, Matthew, Pietrzak, Robert H., Polusny, Melissa A., Rice, John P., Risbrough, Victoria B., Roberts, Andrea L., Rothbaum, Alex O., Rothbaum, Barbara O., Roy-Byrne, Peter, Ruggiero, Kenneth J., Rung, Ariane, Rutten, Bart P.F., Saccone, Nancy L., Sanchez, Sixto E., Schijven, Dick, Seedat, Soraya, Seligowski, Antonia V., Seng, Julia S., Sheerin, Christina M., Silove, Derrick, Smith, Alicia K., Smoller, Jordan W., Sponheim, Scott R., Stein, Dan J., Stevens, Jennifer S., Teicher, Martin H., Thompson, Wesley K., Trapido, Edward, Uddin, Monica, Ursano, Robert J., Luella van den Heuvel, Leigh, Van Hooff, Miranda, Vermetten, Eric, Vinkers, Christiaan, Voisey, Joanne, Wang, Yunpeng, Wang, Zhewu, Werge, Thomas, Williams, Michelle A., Williamson, Douglas E., Winternitz, Sherry, Wolf, Christiane, Wolf, Erika J., Yehuda, Rachel, Young, Keith A., Young, Ross McD., Zhao, Hongyu, Zoellner, Lori A., Haas, Magali, Lasseter, Heather, Provost, Allison C., Salem, Rany M., Sebat, Jonathan, Shaffer, Richard, Wu, Tianying, Ripke, Stephan, Daly, Mark J., Ressler, Kerry J., Koenen, Karestan C., Stein, Murray B., Nievergelt, Caroline M., Wendt, Frank R., Garcia-Argibay, Miguel, Cabrera-Mendoza, Brenda, Valdimarsdóttir, Unnur A., Nivard, Michel G., Larsson, Henrik, Mattheisen, Manuel, and Meier, Sandra M.

Published
2023
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13. Scientists Against War: A Plea to World Leaders for Better Governance

Author

Pandi-Perumal, Seithikurippu R., Kumar, Velayudhan Mohan, Pandian, Namasivayam Ganesh, de Jong, Joop T., Andiappan, Sudalaikannu, Corlateanu, Alexandru, Mahalaksmi, Arehally Marappa, Chidambaram, Saravana Babu, Kumar, Ramasamy Rajesh, Ramasubramanian, Chellamuthu, Sivasubramaniam, Sudhakar, Bjørkum, Alvhild Alette, Cutajar, JosAnn, Berk, Michael, Trakht, Ilya, Vrdoljak, Anton, Meira e Cruz, Miguel, Eyre, Harris A., Grønli, Janne, Cardinali, Dainiel P., Maercker, Andreas, van de Put, Willem A. C. M., Guzder, Jaswant, Bjorvatn, Bjørn, Tol, Wietse A., Acuña-Castroviejo, Darío, Meudec, Marie, Morin, Charles M., Partinen, Markku, Barbui, Corrado, Jordans, Mark J. D., Braakman, Mario H., Knaevelsrud, Christine, Pallesen, Ståle, Sijbrandij, Marit, Golombek, Diego Andrés, Espie, Colin A., Cuijpers, Pim, Agudelo, Hernán Andrés Marín, van der Velden, Koos, van der Kolk, Bessel A., Hobfoll, Stevan E., Devillé, Walter L. J. M., Gradisar, Michael, Riemann, Dieter, Axelsson, John, Benítez-King, Gloria, Macy, Robert D., Poberezhets, Vitalii, Hoole, Samuel Ratnajeevan Herbert, Murthy, Rangaswamy Srinivasa, Hegemann, Thomas, Heinz, Andreas, Salvage, Jane, McFarlane, Alexander C., Keukens, Rob, de Silva, Harendra, Oestereich, Cornelia, Wilhelm, Jochen, von Cranach, Michael, Hoffmann, Klaus, Klosinski, Matthias, Bhugra, Dinesh, and Seeman, Mary V.

Published
2022
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17. Pathways to mental health care in active military populations across the Five-Eyes nations: An integrated perspective

Author

Fikretoglu, Deniz, Sharp, Marie-Louise, Adler, Amy B., Bélanger, Stéphanie, Benassi, Helen, Bennett, Clare, Bryant, Richard, Busuttil, Walter, Cramm, Heidi, Fear, Nicola, Greenberg, Neil, Heber, Alexandra, Hosseiny, Fardous, Hoge, Charles W., Jetly, Rakesh, McFarlane, Alexander, Morganstein, Joshua, Murphy, Dominic, O'Donnell, Meaghan, Phelps, Andrea, Richardson, Don J., Sadler, Nicole, Schnurr, Paula P., Smith, Patrick, Ursano, Robert, Hooff, Miranda Van, Wessely, Simon, Forbes, David, and Pedlar, David

Published
2022
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24. Biofilm development and management in aircraft fuel systems

Author

McFarlane, Alexander, Rolfe, Stephen, and Thornton, Steve

Subjects
570
Abstract

Microbial contamination of jet fuel systems is a well-documented phenomenon. However, the introduction of novels fuels and materials will change these environments and hence the microbial communities that develop within them. This thesis explores the potential impact of introducing novel fuels and construction materials into the jet fuel supply chain on microbial communities, biofilm development and function with the aim of developing an understanding of the underpinning biological, chemical and physical processes. Our work has focused on a) characterising the microbial communities present within conventional aircraft fuel systems and their role in biofilm development and fuel degradation and b) the effect of introducing alternative fuels and new construction materials on these processes. Using a range of molecular genetic techniques, we have characterised microbial communities found in diverse conventional fuel systems. Communities within jet fuel systems were found to be more diverse than previously documented and traditional indicator species were not always detected in field samples. We use novel, multifactorial laboratory microcosm experiments, varying parameters such as microbial community structure, fuel type and surface composition, to enhance our understanding of this problem. Our data show that varying fuel type strongly influenced microbial growth rate and cell attachment of industrystandard isolates, as well as the community structure of complex mixed communities. Varying material composition, including the addition of chromate-leaching paint, had little effect on community structure. Instead the biggest driver for change in these systems was the location of the biofilm - either the fuel or water phase. Overall, this research helps to elucidate understanding of the principles that govern biofilm formation in jet fuel systems, pre-empting future operational problems following the introduction of alternative fuels and materials.

Published
2016

29. Concerns Over Divergent Approaches in the Diagnostics of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder

Author

Vermetten, Eric, Baker, Dewleen G, Jetly, Rakesh, and McFarlane, Alexander C

Subjects
Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD), Brain Disorders, Mental Health, Good Health and Well Being, Clinical Sciences, Cognitive Sciences, Psychiatry
Abstract

Since the inception of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, third edition ( DSM-III ), there has been an ongoing polemic debate about the veracity, assessment, neurobiology, and longitudinal course of the disorder. As a consequence, its clinical utility has been the subject of a significant amount of conflicting opinion due to the competing interests involving clinicians, insurance companies, victim's groups, and governments. This article reviews some of the current divergent approaches in the diagnosis of PTSD, including the debate on the condition itself, claims that it is overdiagnosed, the usefulness of the “A” criterion, equivalence of cluster criteria, the role of combat and civilian PTSD, the role of biomarkers, incongruences in diagnostic practice, and the need for a consistent approach that ensures diagnostic congruence. Critical drivers of divergent diagnostic systems are that they should not produce significantly different rates or produce high levels of discordance. However, one of the concerns is that the anticipated International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems , eleventh edition ( ICD-11 ) has moved away from this primary aim and taken a markedly divergent approach that is incompatible with the advancement of consensus within this critical field. This article explores some of the primary arguments and evidence cited for this approach in ICD-11 and recent changes in DSM-5 . [ Psychiatr Ann . 2016;46(9):498–509.]

Published
2016

30. Harbingers of hope: Scientists and the pursuit of world peace

Author

Pandi-Perumal, Seithikurippu R., primary, van de Put, Willem A. C. M., additional, Maercker, Andreas, additional, Hobfoll, Stevan E., additional, Mohan Kumar, Velayudhan, additional, Barbui, Corrado, additional, Mahalaksmi, Arehally Marappa, additional, Chidambaram, Saravana Babu, additional, Lundmark, Per Olof, additional, Khai, Tual Sawn, additional, Atwoli, Lukoye, additional, Poberezhets, Vitalii, additional, Rajesh Kumar, Ramasamy, additional, Madoro, Derebe, additional, Andrés Marín Agudelo, Hernán, additional, Hoole, Samuel Ratnajeevan Herbert, additional, Teixeira-Santos, Luísa, additional, Pereira, Paulo, additional, Saravanan, Konda Mani, additional, Vrdoljak, Anton, additional, Meira e Cruz, Miguel, additional, Ramasubramanian, Chellamuthu, additional, Tay, Alvin Kuowei, additional, Grønli, Janne, additional, Sijbrandij, Marit, additional, Sivasubramaniam, Sudhakar, additional, Narasimhan, Meera, additional, Mbong, Eta Ngole, additional, Jansson-Fröjmark, Markus, additional, Bjorvatn, Bjørn, additional, de Jong, Joop T. V. M., additional, Braakman, Mario H., additional, Eisenbruch, Maurice, additional, Acuña-Castroviejo, Darío, additional, van der Velden, Koos, additional, Brown, Gregory M., additional, Partinen, Markku, additional, McFarlane, Alexander C., additional, and Berk, Michael, additional

Published
2023
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37. Interactive relationship between alexithymia, psychological distress and posttraumatic stress disorder symptomology across time.

Author

Putica, Andrea, Van Dam, Nicholas T., Felmingham, Kim, Lawrence-Wood, Ellie, McFarlane, Alexander, and O'Donnell, Meaghan

Subjects
POST-traumatic stress disorder, SYMPTOMS, ALEXITHYMIA, PSYCHOLOGICAL distress, MILITARY personnel, CROSS-sectional method
Abstract

Alexithymia, psychological distress, and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) are highly related constructs. The ongoing debate about the nature and relationship between these constructs is perpetuated by an overreliance on cross-sectional research. We examined the longitudinal interactive relationship between alexithymia, psychological distress, and PTSD. We hypothesised that there is an interactive relationship between the three constructs. Military personnel (N = 1871) completed the Toronto Alexithymia Scale, the Kessler 10 and a PTSD Checklist (PCL-C) at pre-deployment, post-deployment, and at 3–4 years following the post-deployment assessment. We initially tested whether psychological distress is either a moderator or mediator in the relationship between alexithymia and PTSD across the time points. General psychological distress was a partial mediator of total PTSD severity and hyperarousal symptomology at all three time points. Psychological distress fully mediated re-experiencing and avoidance symptomology at all three time points. Our results suggest that those with alexithymia are at longitudinal risk of developing more severe PTSD symptomology and experiencing hyperarousal irrespective of temporal proximity to traumatic exposure. Further, vulnerability to the emergence of re-experiencing and avoidance symptomology for those with alexithymia is increased when one experiences greater distress. Our results show that alexithymia is a persistent risk factor for PTSD symptomology. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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44. Sociodemographic circumstances, health, and life experience shape posttraumatic distress trajectories among individuals exposed to smoke during a large‐scale coal mine fire

Author

Smith, Catherine L., primary, Campbell, Timothy C. H., additional, Gao, Caroline X., additional, Lane, Tyler J., additional, Maybery, Darryl, additional, Berger, Emily, additional, Brown, David, additional, Ikin, Jillian F., additional, McFarlane, Alexander, additional, Abramson, Michael J., additional, and Carroll, Matthew, additional

Published
2023
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45. International meta-analysis of PTSD genome-wide association studies identifies sex- and ancestry-specific genetic risk loci

Author

Nievergelt, Caroline M., Maihofer, Adam X., Klengel, Torsten, Atkinson, Elizabeth G., Chen, Chia-Yen, Choi, Karmel W., Coleman, Jonathan R. I., Dalvie, Shareefa, Duncan, Laramie E., Gelernter, Joel, Levey, Daniel F., Logue, Mark W., Polimanti, Renato, Provost, Allison C., Ratanatharathorn, Andrew, Stein, Murray B., Torres, Katy, Aiello, Allison E., Almli, Lynn M., Amstadter, Ananda B., Andersen, Søren B., Andreassen, Ole A., Arbisi, Paul A., Ashley-Koch, Allison E., Austin, S. Bryn, Avdibegovic, Esmina, Babić, Dragan, Bækvad-Hansen, Marie, Baker, Dewleen G., Beckham, Jean C., Bierut, Laura J., Bisson, Jonathan I., Boks, Marco P., Bolger, Elizabeth A., Børglum, Anders D., Bradley, Bekh, Brashear, Megan, Breen, Gerome, Bryant, Richard A., Bustamante, Angela C., Bybjerg-Grauholm, Jonas, Calabrese, Joseph R., Caldas- de- Almeida, José M., Dale, Anders M., Daly, Mark J., Daskalakis, Nikolaos P., Deckert, Jürgen, Delahanty, Douglas L., Dennis, Michelle F., Disner, Seth G., Domschke, Katharina, Dzubur-Kulenovic, Alma, Erbes, Christopher R., Evans, Alexandra, Farrer, Lindsay A., Feeny, Norah C., Flory, Janine D., Forbes, David, Franz, Carol E., Galea, Sandro, Garrett, Melanie E., Gelaye, Bizu, Geuze, Elbert, Gillespie, Charles, Uka, Aferdita Goci, Gordon, Scott D., Guffanti, Guia, Hammamieh, Rasha, Harnal, Supriya, Hauser, Michael A., Heath, Andrew C., Hemmings, Sian M. J., Hougaard, David Michael, Jakovljevic, Miro, Jett, Marti, Johnson, Eric Otto, Jones, Ian, Jovanovic, Tanja, Qin, Xue-Jun, Junglen, Angela G., Karstoft, Karen-Inge, Kaufman, Milissa L., Kessler, Ronald C., Khan, Alaptagin, Kimbrel, Nathan A., King, Anthony P., Koen, Nastassja, Kranzler, Henry R., Kremen, William S., Lawford, Bruce R., Lebois, Lauren A. M., Lewis, Catrin E., Linnstaedt, Sarah D., Lori, Adriana, Lugonja, Bozo, Luykx, Jurjen J., Lyons, Michael J., Maples-Keller, Jessica, Marmar, Charles, Martin, Alicia R., Martin, Nicholas G., Maurer, Douglas, Mavissakalian, Matig R., McFarlane, Alexander, McGlinchey, Regina E., McLaughlin, Katie A., McLean, Samuel A., McLeay, Sarah, Mehta, Divya, Milberg, William P., Miller, Mark W., Morey, Rajendra A., Morris, Charles Phillip, Mors, Ole, Mortensen, Preben B., Neale, Benjamin M., Nelson, Elliot C., Nordentoft, Merete, Norman, Sonya B., O’Donnell, Meaghan, Orcutt, Holly K., Panizzon, Matthew S., Peters, Edward S., Peterson, Alan L., Peverill, Matthew, Pietrzak, Robert H., Polusny, Melissa A., Rice, John P., Ripke, Stephan, Risbrough, Victoria B., Roberts, Andrea L., Rothbaum, Alex O., Rothbaum, Barbara O., Roy-Byrne, Peter, Ruggiero, Ken, Rung, Ariane, Rutten, Bart P. F., Saccone, Nancy L., Sanchez, Sixto E., Schijven, Dick, Seedat, Soraya, Seligowski, Antonia V., Seng, Julia S., Sheerin, Christina M., Silove, Derrick, Smith, Alicia K., Smoller, Jordan W., Sponheim, Scott R., Stein, Dan J., Stevens, Jennifer S., Sumner, Jennifer A., Teicher, Martin H., Thompson, Wesley K., Trapido, Edward, Uddin, Monica, Ursano, Robert J., van den Heuvel, Leigh Luella, Van Hooff, Miranda, Vermetten, Eric, Vinkers, Christiaan H., Voisey, Joanne, Wang, Yunpeng, Wang, Zhewu, Werge, Thomas, Williams, Michelle A., Williamson, Douglas E., Winternitz, Sherry, Wolf, Christiane, Wolf, Erika J., Wolff, Jonathan D., Yehuda, Rachel, Young, Ross McD., Young, Keith A., Zhao, Hongyu, Zoellner, Lori A., Liberzon, Israel, Ressler, Kerry J., Haas, Magali, and Koenen, Karestan C.

Published
2019
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49. The Relationship of Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder With Posttraumatic Stress Disorder: A Two-Sample Mendelian Randomization and Population-Based Sibling Comparison Study

Author

Wendt, Frank R., primary, Garcia-Argibay, Miguel, additional, Cabrera-Mendoza, Brenda, additional, Valdimarsdóttir, Unnur A., additional, Gelernter, Joel, additional, Stein, Murray B., additional, Nivard, Michel G., additional, Maihofer, Adam X., additional, Nievergelt, Caroline M., additional, Larsson, Henrik, additional, Mattheisen, Manuel, additional, Polimanti, Renato, additional, Meier, Sandra M., additional, Choi, Karmel W., additional, Coleman, Jonathan R.I., additional, Daskalakis, Nikolaos P., additional, Denckla, Christy A., additional, Ketema, Elizabeth, additional, Morey, Rajendra A., additional, Ratanatharathorn, Andrew, additional, Torres, Katy, additional, Wingo, Aliza P., additional, Zai, Clement C., additional, Aiello, Allison E., additional, Almli, Lynn M., additional, Amstadter, Ananda B., additional, Andersen, Soren B., additional, Andreassen, Ole A., additional, Arbisi, Paul A., additional, Ashley-Koch, Allison E., additional, Austin, S. Bryn, additional, Avdibegovic, Esmina, additional, Borglum, Anders D., additional, Babic, Dragan, additional, Bækvad-Hansen, Marie, additional, Baker, Dewleen G., additional, Beckham, Jean C., additional, Bierut, Laura J., additional, Bisson, Jonathan I., additional, Boks, Marco P., additional, Bolger, Elizabeth A., additional, Bradley, Bekh, additional, Brashear, Meghan, additional, Breen, Gerome, additional, Bryant, Richard A., additional, Bustamante, Angela C., additional, Bybjerg-Grauholm, Jonas, additional, Calabrese, Joseph R., additional, Caldas-de-Almeida, Jose Miguel, additional, Chen, Chia-Yen, additional, Dale, Anders M., additional, Dalvie, Shareefa, additional, Deckert, Jürgen, additional, Delahanty, Douglas L., additional, Dennis, Michelle F., additional, Disner, Seth G., additional, Domschke, Katharina, additional, Duncan, Laramie E., additional, Kulenovic, Alma Dzubur, additional, Erbes, Christopher R., additional, Evans, Alexandra, additional, Farrer, Lindsay A., additional, Feeny, Norah C., additional, Flory, Janine D., additional, Forbes, David, additional, Franz, Carol E., additional, Galea, Sandro, additional, Garrett, Melanie E., additional, Gautam, Aarti, additional, Gelaye, Bizu, additional, Geuze, Elbert, additional, Gillespie, Charles F., additional, Uka, Aferdita Goci, additional, Gordon, Scott D., additional, Guffanti, Guia, additional, Hammamieh, Rasha, additional, Hauser, Michael A., additional, Heath, Andrew C., additional, Hemmings, Sian M.J., additional, Hougaard, David Michael, additional, Jakovljevic, Miro, additional, Jett, Marti, additional, Johnson, Eric Otto, additional, Jones, Ian, additional, Jovanovic, Tanja, additional, Qin, Xue-Jun, additional, Karstoft, Karen-Inge, additional, Kaufman, Milissa L., additional, Kessler, Ronald C., additional, Khan, Alaptagin, additional, Kimbrel, Nathan A., additional, King, Anthony P., additional, Koen, Nastassja, additional, Kranzler, Henry R., additional, Kremen, William S., additional, Lawford, Bruce R., additional, Lebois, Lauren A.M., additional, Lewis, Catrin, additional, Liberzon, Israel, additional, Linnstaedt, Sarah D., additional, Logue, Mark W., additional, Lori, Adriana, additional, Lugonja, Bozo, additional, Luykx, Jurjen J., additional, Lyons, Michael J., additional, Maples-Keller, Jessica L., additional, Marmar, Charles, additional, Martin, Nicholas G., additional, Maurer, Douglas, additional, Mavissakalian, Matig R., additional, McFarlane, Alexander, additional, McGlinchey, Regina E., additional, McLaughlin, Katie A., additional, McLean, Samuel A., additional, Mehta, Divya, additional, Mellor, Rebecca, additional, Michopoulos, Vasiliki, additional, Milberg, William, additional, Miller, Mark W., additional, Morris, Charles Phillip, additional, Mors, Ole, additional, Mortensen, Preben Bo, additional, Nelson, Elliot C., additional, Nordentoft, Merete, additional, Norman, Sonya B., additional, O’Donnell, Meaghan, additional, Orcutt, Holly K., additional, Panizzon, Matthew S., additional, Peters, Edward S., additional, Peterson, Alan L., additional, Peverill, Matthew, additional, Pietrzak, Robert H., additional, Polusny, Melissa A., additional, Rice, John P., additional, Risbrough, Victoria B., additional, Roberts, Andrea L., additional, Rothbaum, Alex O., additional, Rothbaum, Barbara O., additional, Roy-Byrne, Peter, additional, Ruggiero, Kenneth J., additional, Rung, Ariane, additional, Rutten, Bart P.F., additional, Saccone, Nancy L., additional, Sanchez, Sixto E., additional, Schijven, Dick, additional, Seedat, Soraya, additional, Seligowski, Antonia V., additional, Seng, Julia S., additional, Sheerin, Christina M., additional, Silove, Derrick, additional, Smith, Alicia K., additional, Smoller, Jordan W., additional, Sponheim, Scott R., additional, Stein, Dan J., additional, Stevens, Jennifer S., additional, Teicher, Martin H., additional, Thompson, Wesley K., additional, Trapido, Edward, additional, Uddin, Monica, additional, Ursano, Robert J., additional, Luella van den Heuvel, Leigh, additional, Van Hooff, Miranda, additional, Vermetten, Eric, additional, Vinkers, Christiaan, additional, Voisey, Joanne, additional, Wang, Yunpeng, additional, Wang, Zhewu, additional, Werge, Thomas, additional, Williams, Michelle A., additional, Williamson, Douglas E., additional, Winternitz, Sherry, additional, Wolf, Christiane, additional, Wolf, Erika J., additional, Yehuda, Rachel, additional, Young, Keith A., additional, Young, Ross McD., additional, Zhao, Hongyu, additional, Zoellner, Lori A., additional, Haas, Magali, additional, Lasseter, Heather, additional, Provost, Allison C., additional, Salem, Rany M., additional, Sebat, Jonathan, additional, Shaffer, Richard, additional, Wu, Tianying, additional, Ripke, Stephan, additional, Daly, Mark J., additional, Ressler, Kerry J., additional, and Koenen, Karestan C., additional

Published
2023
Full Text
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