12 results on '"McCullough CA"'
Search Results
2. Acupuncture and reflexology for insomnia: a feasibility study.
- Author
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Hughes CM, McCullough CA, Bradbury I, Boyde C, Hume D, Yuan J, Quinn F, and McDonough SM
- Subjects
ACUPUNCTURE ,REFLEXOLOGY (Therapy) ,INSOMNIA treatment ,SLEEP disorders treatment ,FEASIBILITY studies - Abstract
There are few studies on acupuncture or reflexology for insomnia. We conducted a pilot study with music as a control. Recruitment, retention and outcome measures were satisfactory, indicating that a definitive trial is feasible. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2009
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3. The implementation of a community-based aerobic walking program for mild to moderate knee osteoarthritis: A knowledge translation randomized controlled trial: Part II: Clinical outcomes
- Author
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Brosseau Lucie, Wells George A, Kenny Glen P, Reid Robert, Maetzel Andreas, Tugwell Peter, Huijbregts Maria, McCullough Carolyn, De Angelis Gino, and Chen Lily
- Subjects
Osteoarthritis ,Clinical trial ,Walking ,Compliance ,Adherence ,Education ,Behavioural intervention ,Guidelines implementation ,Knowledge translation ,Public aspects of medicine ,RA1-1270 - Abstract
Abstract Background Osteoarthritis (OA) is the most common joint disorder in the world, as it is appears to be prevalent among 80% of individuals over the age of 75. Although physical activities such as walking have been scientifically proven to improve physical function and arthritic symptoms, individuals with OA tend to adopt a sedentary lifestyle. There is therefore a need to improve knowledge translation in order to influence individuals to adopt effective self-management interventions, such as an adapted walking program. Methods A single-blind, randomized control trial was conducted. Subjects (n = 222) were randomized to one of three knowledge translation groups: 1) Walking and Behavioural intervention (WB) (18 males, 57 females) which included the supervised community-based aerobic walking program combined with a behavioural intervention and an educational pamphlet on the benefits of walking; 2) Walking intervention (W) (24 males, 57 females) wherein participants only received the supervised community-based aerobic walking program intervention and the educational pamphlet; 3) Self-directed control (C) (32 males, 52 females) wherein participants only received the educational pamphlet. One-way analyses of variance were used to test for differences in quality of life, adherence, confidence, and clinical outcomes among the study groups at each 3 month assessment during the 12-month intervention period and 6-month follow-up period. Results The clinical and quality of life outcomes improved among participants in each of the three comparative groups. However, there were few statistically significant differences observed for quality of life and clinical outcomes at long-term measurements at 12-months end of intervention and at 6- months post intervention (18-month follow-up). Outcome results varied among the three groups. Conclusion The three groups were equivalent when determining the effectiveness of knowledge uptake and improvements in quality of life and other clinical outcomes. OA can be managed through the implementation of a proven effective walking program in existing community-based walking clubs. Trial registration Current Controlled Trials IRSCTNO9193542
- Published
- 2012
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- View/download PDF
4. The implementation of a community-based aerobic walking program for mild to moderate knee osteoarthritis (OA): a knowledge translation (KT) randomized controlled trial (RCT): Part I: The Uptake of the Ottawa Panel clinical practice guidelines (CPGs)
- Author
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Brosseau Lucie, Wells George A, Kenny Glen P, Reid Robert, Maetzel Andreas, Tugwell Peter, Huijbregts Maria, McCullough Carolyn, De Angelis Gino, and Chen Lily
- Subjects
Osteoarthritis ,Clinical trial ,Walking ,Adherence ,Education ,Behavioural intervention ,Guidelines implementation ,Knowledge translation ,Public aspects of medicine ,RA1-1270 - Abstract
Abstract Background The implementation of evidence based clinical practice guidelines on self-management interventions to patients with chronic diseases is a complex process. A multifaceted strategy may offer an effective knowledge translation (KT) intervention to promote knowledge uptake and improve adherence in an effective walking program based on the Ottawa Panel Evidence Based Clinical Practice Guidelines among individuals with moderate osteoarthritis (OA). Methods A single-blind, randomized control trial was conducted. Patients with mild to moderate (OA) of the knee (n=222) were randomized to one of three KT groups: 1) Walking and Behavioural intervention (WB) (18 males, 57 females) which included the supervised community-based aerobic walking program combined with a behavioural intervention and an educational pamphlet on the benefits of walking for OA; 2) Walking intervention (W) (24 males, 57 females) wherein participants only received the supervised community-based aerobic walking program intervention and the educational pamphlet; 3) Self-directed control (C) (32 males, 52 females) wherein participants only received the educational pamphlet. One-way analyses of variance were used to test for differences in quality of life, adherence, confidence, and clinical outcomes among the study groups at each 3 month assessment during the 12-month intervention period and 6-month follow-up period. Results Short-term program adherence was greater in WB compared to C (p 0.05) was observed for long-term adherence (6 to 12 months), and total adherence between the three groups. The three knowledge translation strategies demonstrated equivalent long-term results for the implementation of a walking program for older individuals with moderate OA. Lower dropout rates as well as higher retention rates were observed for WB at 12 and 18 months. Conclusion The additional knowledge translation behavioural component facilitated the implementation of clinical practice guidelines on walking over a short-term period. More studies are needed to improve the long-term walking adherence or longer guidelines uptake on walking among participants with OA. Particular attention should be taken into account related to patient’s characteristic and preference. OA can be managed through the implementation of a walking program based on clinical practice guidelines in existing community-based walking clubs as well as at home with the minimal support of an exercise therapist or a trained volunteer. Trial Registration Current Controlled Trials IRSCTNO9193542
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- 2012
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
5. Evaluation of a range of assessment tools for the measurement of sleep quality.
- Author
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McCullough CA, Hughes CM, and McDonough SM
- Published
- 2006
6. Leadership in community congestive heart failure program decreases readmission rates.
- Author
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McCullough CA and Palombi K
- Published
- 2006
7. Working Agenda for Black Mothers: A Position Paper From the Association of Black Cardiologists on Solutions to Improving Black Maternal Health.
- Author
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Bond RM, Gaither K, Nasser SA, Albert MA, Ferdinand KC, Njoroge JN, Parapid B, Hayes SN, Pegus C, Sogade B, Grodzinsky A, Watson KE, McCullough CA, and Ofili E
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- Black or African American, Female, Humans, Maternal Mortality, Mothers, United States epidemiology, Cardiologists, Maternal Health
- Abstract
Following decades of decline, maternal mortality began to rise in the United States around 1990-a significant departure from the world's other affluent countries. By 2018, the same could be seen with the maternal mortality rate in the United States at 17.4 maternal deaths per 100 000 live births. When factoring in race/ethnicity, this number was more than double among non-Hispanic Black women who experienced 37.1 maternal deaths per 100 000 live births. More than half of these deaths and near deaths were from preventable causes, with cardiovascular disease being the leading one. In an effort to amplify the magnitude of this epidemic in the United States that disproportionately plagues Black women, on June 13, 2020, the Association of Black Cardiologists hosted the Black Maternal Heart Health Roundtable-a collaborative task force to tackle the maternal health crisis in the Black community. The roundtable brought together diverse stakeholders and champions of maternal health equity to discuss how innovative ideas, solutions and opportunities could be implemented, while exploring additional ways attendees could address maternal health concerns within the health care system. The discussions were intended to lead the charge in reducing maternal morbidity and mortality through advocacy, education, research, and collaborative efforts. The goal of this roundtable was to identify current barriers at the community, patient, and clinician level and expand on the efforts required to coordinate an effective approach to reducing these statistics in the highest risk populations. Collectively, preventable maternal mortality can result from or reflect violations of a variety of human rights-the right to life, the right to freedom from discrimination, and the right to the highest attainable standard of health. This is the first comprehensive statement on this important topic. This position paper will generate further research in disparities of care and promote the interest of others to pursue strategies to mitigate maternal mortality.
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- 2021
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8. A multidrug-resistant Staphylococcus epidermidis clone (ST2) is an ongoing cause of hospital-acquired infection in a Western Australian hospital.
- Author
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Widerström M, McCullough CA, Coombs GW, Monsen T, and Christiansen KJ
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- Adult, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Cluster Analysis, Electrophoresis, Gel, Pulsed-Field, Female, Genotype, Hospitals, Teaching, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Molecular Epidemiology, Molecular Typing, Staphylococcus epidermidis classification, Staphylococcus epidermidis genetics, Western Australia epidemiology, Cross Infection epidemiology, Cross Infection microbiology, Drug Resistance, Multiple, Bacterial, Staphylococcal Infections epidemiology, Staphylococcal Infections microbiology, Staphylococcus epidermidis drug effects, Staphylococcus epidermidis isolation & purification
- Abstract
We report the molecular epidemiology of 27 clinical multidrug-resistant Staphylococcus epidermidis (MDRSE) isolates collected between 2003 and 2007 in an Australian teaching hospital. The dominant genotype (sequence type 2 [ST2]) accounted for 85% of the isolates tested and was indistinguishable from an MDRSE genotype identified in European hospitals, which may indicate that highly adaptable health care-associated genotypes of S. epidermidis have emerged and disseminated worldwide in the health care setting.
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- 2012
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9. Eradication of a large outbreak of a single strain of vanB vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecium at a major Australian teaching hospital.
- Author
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Christiansen KJ, Tibbett PA, Beresford W, Pearman JW, Lee RC, Coombs GW, Kay ID, O'Brien FG, Palladino S, Douglas CR, Montgomery PD, Orrell T, Peterson AM, Kosaras FP, Flexman JP, Heath CH, and McCullough CA
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- Cohort Studies, Enterococcus faecium isolation & purification, Humans, Western Australia, Enterococcus faecium drug effects, Hospitals, Teaching economics, Vancomycin Resistance
- Abstract
Objective: To demonstrate that nosocomial transmission of vancomycin-resistant enterococci (VRE) can be terminated and endemicity prevented despite widespread dissemination of an epidemic strain in a large tertiary-care referral hospital., Interventions: Two months after the index case was detected in the intensive care unit, 68 patients became either infected or colonized with an epidemic strain of vanB vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecium despite standard infection control procedures. The following additional interventions were then introduced to control the outbreak: (1) formation of a VRE executive group; (2) rapid laboratory identification (30 to 48 hours) using culture and polymerase chain reaction detection of vanA and vanB resistance genes; (3) mass screening of all hospitalized patients with isolation of carriers and cohorting of contacts; (4) environmental screening and increased cleaning; (5) electronic flagging of medical records of contacts; and (6) antibiotic restrictions (third-generation cephalosporins and vancomycin)., Results: A total of 19,658 patient and 24,396 environmental swabs were processed between July and December 2001. One hundred sixty-nine patients in 23 wards were colonized with a single strain of vanB vancomycin-resistant E. faecium. Introducing additional control measures rapidly brought the outbreak under control. Hospital-wide screening found 39 previously unidentified colonized patients, with only 7 more nonsegregated patients being detected in the next 2 months. The outbreak was terminated within 3 months at a cost of dollar 2.7 million (Australian dollars)., Conclusion: Despite widespread dissemination of VRE in a large acute care facility, eradication was achievable by a well-resourced, coordinated, multifaceted approach and was in accordance with good clinical governance.
- Published
- 2004
- Full Text
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10. Development of the Crash Injury Research and Engineering Network.
- Author
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Scally JT, McCullough CA, Brown LJ, and Eppinger R
- Subjects
- Computer Systems, Humans, United States, Accidents, Traffic, Databases, Factual, Safety, Trauma Centers organization & administration
- Abstract
The Crash Injury Research and Engineering Network has developed a computer database and wide area network for data sharing and analysis among 8 trauma centers. The computer database extends the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration's National Automotive Sampling System with medical- and trauma-related variables in a relational/object database system. The medical data include injury location details, injury subclassification systems, and medical images for better biomechanical injury evaluation. Key data elements are migrated to a core repository so that all centers can review the status of case acquisition across the network. Cases, whole or in part, may be migrated between centers so that individual center expertise may be shared in evaluating the cause of injury. Electronic rounds, where cases are reviewed simultaneously across multiple centers, are possible.
- Published
- 1999
- Full Text
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11. Short duration therapy for Helicobacter pylori in Western Australia: the impact of metronidazole resistance.
- Author
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Forbes GM, Collins BJ, McCullough CA, Coombs GW, and Robins PD
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- 2-Pyridinylmethylsulfinylbenzimidazoles, Adolescent, Adult, Aged, Amoxicillin therapeutic use, Anti-Bacterial Agents pharmacology, Drug Resistance, Microbial, Drug Therapy, Combination, Female, Helicobacter Infections epidemiology, Humans, Incidence, Lansoprazole, Male, Metronidazole pharmacology, Microbial Sensitivity Tests, Middle Aged, Omeprazole analogs & derivatives, Omeprazole therapeutic use, Penicillins therapeutic use, Tetracycline therapeutic use, Western Australia epidemiology, Anti-Bacterial Agents therapeutic use, Helicobacter Infections drug therapy, Helicobacter pylori drug effects, Metronidazole therapeutic use
- Abstract
Background: Limited Australian data are available on either short duration therapy for Helicobacter pylori infection, or the impact of metronidazole resistance on the outcome of treatment., Aim: To compare the efficacy of two treatment regimens and determine the influence metronidazole resistance has on clearing H. pylori infection., Methods: Eighty patients with H. pylori infection proven at upper gastrointestinal endoscopy, none of whom had previously received therapy for H. pylori, were randomised to one week therapy with either bismuth subcitrate one tablet qid, tetracycline 500 mg qid and metronidazole 400 mg tds (BTM), or lansoprazole 30 mg bd, amoxycillin 500 mg qid and metronidazole 400 mg tds (LAM). Effectiveness of therapy was measured by C14-urea breath test at six weeks., Results: On an intention-to-treat basis, clearance of infection was achieved in 17 of 32 (53%; 95% CI: 35-71%) evaluable patients receiving BTM and 32 of 46 (70%, 54-82%) patients receiving LAM (p = 0.16). Metronidazole resistance was found in 32 of 65 (49%) patients in whom H. pylori was isolated by culture. On a per-protocol basis, of patients who had metronidazole sensitive strains of H. pylori 23 of 24 (96%) cleared infection after therapy with either BTM or LAM, compared with 14 of 24 (58%) who were metronidazole resistant (p = 0.004). Clarithromycin resistance was not found in 45 patients tested., Conclusions: In Western Australia clearance rates of H. pylori infection, after one week of BTM or LAM, are lower than in other published series. The high incidence of metronidazole resistance is the main determinant of our relatively poor eradication rates.
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- 1998
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12. Rainbow trout red cells in vitro.
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Houston AH, McCullough CA, Keen J, Maddalena C, and Edwards J
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- Animals, Catecholamines pharmacology, Culture Media, Electrolytes blood, Erythrocytes metabolism, Hematocrit, Hemoglobins analysis, In Vitro Techniques, Trout, Erythrocytes physiology
- Abstract
Washed rainbow trout erythrocytes incubated at 14 degrees C in Eagle's minimal essential medium and Cortland saline displayed sharp reductions in volume and water content, nucleoside triphosphate, K+ and Cl- concentrations. Mg2+ and, to a lesser extent, Na+ concentrations increased. Cellular to medium Cl- ratios were indicative of membrane hyperpolarization. Morphological irregularities were also observed. Oxygen consumption and hemoglobin system organization were not grossly affected. Supplementation with pyruvate stabilized nucleoside triphosphate concentrations for at least 24 hr, and reduced rates of volume and compositional change to some extent. Addition of norepinephrine at physiologically realistic levels led to stabilization of Cl- content and reductions in Mg2+ accumulation and water loss. Transient but modest increases in K+ and Ca2+ were coupled, under these circumstances, with some decrease in Na+ concentration. Factors which may contribute to the dysfunctional status of these cells in vitro are discussed.
- Published
- 1985
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