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34 results on '"Mbongwe, Bontle"'

3. Depression, Anxiety, and Cigarette Smoking Among Patients with Tuberculosis.

Author

Jones-Patten, Alexandria, Wang, Qiao, Molebatsi, Keneilwe, Novotny, Thomas E, Siddiqi, Kamran, Modongo, Chawangwa, Zetola, Nicola M, Mbongwe, Bontle, and Shin, Sanghyuk S

Subjects
Humans, Tuberculosis, Prevalence, Cross-Sectional Studies, Depression, Anxiety, Anxiety Disorders, Cigarette Smoking, cigarette smoking, mental health, tuberculosis, Prevention, Clinical Research, Tobacco Smoke and Health, Tobacco, Rare Diseases, Behavioral and Social Science, Lung, Mental Health, Brain Disorders, Aetiology, 2.3 Psychological, social and economic factors, Mental health, Good Health and Well Being, Nursing
Abstract

Smoking adversely affects tuberculosis (TB) outcomes and may be associated with depression and anxiety among people diagnosed with TB in Botswana. We conducted a cross-sectional study among patients newly diagnosed with TB in Gaborone, Botswana, evaluating factors associated with self-reported cigarette smoking. We performed Poisson regression analyses with robust variance to examine whether depressive and anxiety symptoms were associated with smoking. Among 180 participants with TB enrolled from primary health clinics, depressive symptoms were reported in 47 (26.1%) participants and anxiety symptoms were reported in 85 (47.2%) participants. Overall, 45 (25.0%) participants reported current smoking. Depressive symptoms were associated with a higher prevalence of smoking (adjusted prevalence ratio [aPR]: 2.04; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.29-3.25) in the adjusted analysis. The association between anxiety symptoms and smoking did not reach statistical significance (aPR: 1.26; 95% CI: 0.77-2.05). Future studies should further investigate these associations when addressing TB care.

Published
2023

11. Country report on tobacco advertising and promotion ban - Botswana

Author

Mbongwe, Bontle and World Health Organization

Subjects
Botswana, tobacco advertising, tobacco promotion ban, tobacco control
Abstract

Overview of tobacco control activities in Botswana The Government of Botswana has long recognized and accepted the need to sensitize its population to the harmful effects of tobacco. The Primary Health Care approach, adopted in the 1970s in Botswana after the 1978 Alma Ata Declaration emphasized this requirement. However, the theme “Tobacco or Health”, launching the first World No Tobacco Day on 7 April 1988 in Botswana, marked the beginning of an intensive anti-tobacco campaign in the country. Since then, World No Tobacco Day has been held annually on 31 May. The commemoration of World No-Tobacco Days together with other educational programmes aimed at different sectors of the population and the general public, have contributed to sensitizing the general public about tobacco products’ harmful effects on human health and fostered a positive political climate. This has led to the development of a comprehensive tobacco control programme in Botswana.

Published
2004

13. Self-reported neck and back pain among supermarket cashiers in Gaborone, Botswana.

Author

Erick, Patience, Sethatho, Modimooteng, Tumoyagae, Tshephang, Letsholo, Baemedi, Tapera, Roy, and Mbongwe, Bontle

Subjects
RISK of backache, SALES personnel, NECK pain, CONFIDENCE intervals, SELF-evaluation, RESEARCH methodology, CROSS-sectional method, BACKACHE, RISK assessment, OCCUPATIONAL hazards, DESCRIPTIVE statistics, GROCERY industry, DATA analysis software, ODDS ratio, LOGISTIC regression analysis, INDUSTRIAL hygiene, DISEASE risk factors, DISEASE complications
Abstract

Objective. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence, risk factors and impacts of neck and back pain among supermarket cashiers in Botswana. Results. A total of 174 supermarket cashiers participated in this study, the majority of whom were females (72%). The prevalence of lower back pain was 69%, upper back pain 53% and neck pain 37%. Increasing age was associated with neck (95% confidence interval [CI] [1.43, 5.15]) and upper back (95% CI [1.43, 3.60]) pain. Cashiers working at a low work surface and overreaching for items were 19 and 11 times more likely to report neck (95% CI [1.7, 255.9]) and lower back (95% CI [1.84, 62.1]) pain, respectively. Almost 6% of cashiers who reported lower back pain reported considering changing jobs due to pain. Conclusions. More than two-thirds, one-half and about two-fifths of supermarket cashiers reported lower back, upper back and neck pain, respectively. Individual and work-related factors were associated with neck and/or back pain. To reduce their prevalence and progression, supermarkets should introduce occupational health and safety talks. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2023
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22. Knowledge and Attitudes towards Cervical Cancer Screening amongst University of Botswana Female Students

Author

Tapera, Roy, Manyala, Eric, Erick, Patience, Maswabi, Titus M, Tumoyagae, Tshephang, Letsholo, Baemedi, and Mbongwe, Bontle

Subjects
screening, university of Botswana, education, Pap smear, Cervical cancer, female students, Research Article
Abstract

Background: Cervical cancer is the leading cause of cancer deaths in Botswana. More than two-thirds of cases occur in HIV-infected women, in a nation with a high HIV prevalence of 17%. Even though cancer screening is free in health facilities, cervical cancer screening is low. The objective of this study was to assess the knowledge and attitudes of University of Botswana female students on cervical cancer screening. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among University of Botswana female students to elicit information about their knowledge and attitudes on cervical cancer screening. Results: A total of 335 students completed the questionnaire and all reported that they were aware of cervical cancer. The awareness was mostly through brochures, posters and other printed material. Regarding cervical cancer risk 315 (94%) attributed cervical cancer to smoking and 301 (89.9%) to early sexual debut. The majority of students 329 (98.2 %) were aware of cervical cancer screening. Papanicolaou (Pap) smear was the most popular screening test reported by 160 (47.8%) of the respondents as compared to Human Papilloma Virus testing (HPV) reported by 106 (31.6 %) of the respondents. The overall Pap smear screening rate was 92 of 335 students (27.5%). Those who perceived themselves to be at risk of contracting cervical cancer 203 (60.6%) where 1.8 times more likely to go for Pap smear than those who perceived to be safe, (Adjusted Odds Ratio [AOR] 1.834; 95% Confidence Interval [CI]; 1.094-3.067), (P = 0.02). Conclusions: Pap smear screening uptake is low amongst University of Botswana female students. The likely reason for this could be because students do not perceive themselves to be susceptible to cancer so the lesser the likelihood of engaging in preventive behaviours. There is urgent need for university based cancer education campaign on cervical cancer screening benefits and incorporating these campaigns into the existing university medical services to increase uptake of screening programs offered.

Published
2017

27. Incidence of diabetes mellitus-related comorbidities among patients attending two major HIV clinics in Botswana: a 12-year retrospective cohort study

Author

Rankgoane-Pono, Goabaone, primary, Tshikuka, Jose Gaby, additional, Magafu, Mgaywa Gilbert Mjungu Damas, additional, Masupe, Tiny, additional, Molefi, Mooketsi, additional, Hamda, Shimeles Genna, additional, Setlhare, Vincent, additional, Tapera, Roy, additional, and Mbongwe, Bontle, additional

Published
2018
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32. Addressing the Challenge of P-Value and Sample Size when the Significance is Borderline: The Test of Random Duplication of Participants as a New Approach

Author

Tshikuka, Jose-Gaby, G.M.D. Magafu, Mgaywa, Molefi, Mooketsi, Masupe, Tiny, Matchaba-Hove, Reginald B., Mbongwe, Bontle, Tapera, Roy, Tshikuka, Jose-Gaby, G.M.D. Magafu, Mgaywa, Molefi, Mooketsi, Masupe, Tiny, Matchaba-Hove, Reginald B., Mbongwe, Bontle, and Tapera, Roy

Abstract

The issue of borderline p-value seems to divide health scientists into two schools of thought. One school of thought argues that when the p-value is greater than or equal to the statistical significance cut-off level of 0.05, it should not be considered statistically significant and the null hypothesis should be accepted no matter how close the p-value is to the 0.05. The other school of thought believes that by doing so one might be committing a Type 2 error and possibly missing valuable information. In this paper, we discuss an approach to address this issue and suggest the test of random duplication of participants as a way to interpret study outcomes when the statistical significance is borderline. This discussion shows the irrefutability of the concept of borderline statistical significance, however, it is important that one demonstrates whether a borderline statistical significance is truly borderline or not. Since the absence of statistical significance is not necessarily evidence of absence of effect, one needs to double check if a borderline statistical significance is indeed borderline or not. The p-value should not be looked at as a rule of thumb for accepting or rejecting the null hypothesis but rather as a guide for further action or analysis that leads to correct conclusions.

Published
2016

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