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1. Should duration of dual antiplatelet therapy depend on the type and/or potency of implanted stent? A pre-specified analysis from the PROlonging Dual antiplatelet treatment after Grading stent-induced Intimal hyperplasia studY (PRODIGY)

Author: Valgimigli, Marco, Borghesi, Marco, Tebaldi, Matteo, Vranckx, Pascal, Parrinello, Giovanni, Ferrari, Roberto, Valgimigli, M., Campo, G., Percoco, G., Ferrari, R., Avigni, N., Mazzucco, R., Vranckx, P., Curello, S., Guardigli, G., Monti, M., Gambetti, S., Bristot, L., and Parrinello, G.
Published: 2013
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2. Contemporary antithrombotic strategies in patients with acute coronary syndromes managed without revascularization: insights from the EYESHOT study

Author: De Luca, Leonardo, Leonardi, Sergio, Smecca, Ignazio Maria, Formigli, Dario, Lucci, Donata, Gonzini, Lucio, Tuccillo, Bernardino, Olivari, Zoran, Gulizia, Michele Massimo, Bovenzi, Francesco Maria, De Servi, Stefano, Caporale, R., Cavallini, C., Ceravolo, R., Lupi, A., Musumeci, G., Rakar, S., Maggioni, A. P., Lorimer, A., Orsini, G., Fabbri, Giorgio, Bianchini, E., Abrignani, M. G., Bonura, F., Trimarco, B., Galasso, Giorgia, Misuraca, G., Manes, M. T., Irace, Lorenzo, Totis, O., Ledda, A., Mauro, C., Boccalatte, M., Iliceto, S., Cacciavillani, L., Savonitto, S., Tortorella, G., Esposito, L., DE ROSA, Paolo, Calabrò, P., Bianchi, R., Napoletano, C., Lalla Piccioni, L., Pavesi, P. C., Boni, Allegra, Merenda, R., Wolff, S., De Ferrari, G. M., Camporotondo, R., Gambino, Paolo, Cutaia, A., Picariello, C., Cemin, R., Chiarella, F., Grazioli Gauthier, L., Mircoli, L., Del Pinto, M., Finocchiaro, M. L., Scioli, R., Farina, R., Naddeo, C., Scherillo, M., Santopietro, S., Metra, M., Costa, F., Calculli, G., Troito, G., Pennisi, V., Adornato, E. M. F., Pirelli, S., Fadin, B. M., Di Biase, M., Ieva, R., Zuin, G., Sanfilippo, N., Mancuso, LAURA CATERINA, Pani, Luisa Anna, Serra, Eleonora, Marenzi, G., Assanelli, E. M., Ansalone, G., Cacciotti, L., Morocutti, G., Fresco, C., Berti, S., Paradossi, U., Bozzano, A., Mauro, A., Noussan, P., Zanini, P., Bolognese, L., Falsini, G., Costa, P., Manca, G., Caldarola, P., Locuratolo, N., Cipolla, T., Becchina, M., Cocco, Gabriele, Scalera, G., Stefanelli, S., Giunta, N., Sinagra, G., Meloni, L., Lai, O., Chiaranda, G., Luca, G., Sleiman Helou, J., Biscottini, E., Magliari, F., Callerame, M., Uguccioni, M., Pugliese, M., Sanchez, F., Tartaglione, S., Ignone, G., Mavilio, G., Mantovan, R., Bini, R., Caico, S. I., Demolli, V., Proietti, F., Michisanti, M., Musmeci, G., Cantamessa, P., Sicuso, G., Micalef, S. S., Accogli, M., Zaccaria, MICHELA MARIA, Caputo, M., Di Paolo, G., Piatti, L., Farina, A., Vicinelli, P., Paloscia, L., Di Clemente, D., Felis, S., Castini, D., Rota, C., Casu, Gabriella, Bonano, S., Margheri, M., Ricci Lucchi, G., Serdoz, R., Proietti, P., Autore, C., Conti, E., Russo, V., Orlando, P., Ramondo, A. B., Bontorin, M., Marcolongo, M., Marrara, F., Maestroni, A., Vitti, P., Rodella, P., Bonetti, P., Elia, M., Lumare, R., Politi, A., Gritti, S., Poletti, F., Mafrici, A., Fusco, R., Bongo, A. S., Bacchini, S., Gasparetto, V., Ferraiuolo, G., Campana, C., Bonatti, R., Gaita, F., Bergerone, S., Bonmassari, R., Zeni, P., Langialonga, T., Scarcia, A., Caravita, L., Musacchio, E., Augello, G., Usmiani, T., Stomaci, B., Cirino, D., Pierini, S., Bottiglieri, G., Liso, A., Mussardo, M., Tosi, P., Sala, R., Belloni, A., Blengino, S., Lisi, E., Delfino, P., Auguadro, C., Brunazzi, M. C., Pacchioni, E., Fattore, L., Bosco, B., Blandizzi, S., Pajes, G., Patruno, N., Perna, G. P., Francioni, M., Favale, S., Vestito, D., Lombardi, A., Capecchi, A., Ferrero, P., De Vincenzo, C., Magri, G., Indolfi, C., De Rosa, S., Rossi, M., Collarini, L., Agnelli, D., Conti, G., Tonelli, C., Spadaro, C., Negroni, S., Di Noto, G., Lanari, A., Casolo, G., Del Meglio, J., Negrini, M., Celentano, A., Sifola, C., Rellini, G., Della Mattia, A., Molero, U., Piovaccari, G., Grosseto, D., Callegarin, L., Fiasconaro, G., Crivello, R., Thiebat, B., Leone, G., Tamburino, C., Caruso, G., Cassadonte, F., Sassone, B., Fuca, G., Sormani, L., Percoco, G. F., Mazzucco, R., Cazzani, E., Gianni, M., Limido, A., Luvini, M., Guglielmi, R., Mannarini, A., Moruzzi, P., Pastori, P., Golia, B., Marzano, A., Orazi, S., Marchese, I., Anselmi, M., Girardi, P., Nassiacos, D., Meloni, S., Busacca, P., Generali, C. A., Corda, S., Costanza, G., Montalto, S., Argenziano, L., Tommasini, P., Emdin, M., Pasanisi, E. M., Colivicchi, F., Tubaro, M., Azzolini, P., Luciani, C., Doronzo, B., Coppolino, A., Dellavesa, P., Zenone, F., Di Marco, A., De Conti, F., Piccinni, G. C., Gualtieri, M. R., Bisignani, G., Leone, A., Arcuri, G. M., Marinacci, L., Rossi, P., Perotti, S., Cotti Cometti, V., Arcidiacono, S., Tramontana, M., Bazzucchi, M., Mezzetti, P., Romano, M., Villani, R., Di Giovambattista, R., Volpe, B., Tedesco, L., Carini, M., Vinci, S., Paolini, E. A., Busoni, F., Piergentili, C., Navazio, A., Manca, F., Cocco, F., Pennetta, C. A., Maggiolini, S., Galbiati, R., Bruna, C., Ferrero, L., Brigido, S., Barducci, E., Musacchio, D., Manduca, B., Marchese, D., Patrassi, L. A., Pattarino, F. A., Rocchi, M., Briglia, S., Fanelli, R., Villella, M., Gronda, E., Massa, D., Lenti, V., Di Gregorio, L., Bottero, M., Bazzanini, F., Braggion, G., Antoniceli, R., Caraceni, D., Guzzo, V., Di Giovanni, P., Scarpini, S., Severgnini, B., Musolino, M. F., Della Casa, S., Gobbi, M., Arena, G., Bonizzato, S., Agnoletto, V., Sansoni, S., Pes, R. A. M., Denti, S., Polizzi, G. M., Pino, R., Commisso, B., Merlino, A., Di Lorenzo, L., Porchetta, I., Del Furia, F., Colombi, E., Covini, D., Cavalieri, F., Antonaci, S., Rubino, G., Ciulla, A., Bui, F., Casorelli, E., Caliendo, L., Laezza, A., Americo, L., Schillaci, A. M., Cordoni, M., Barsotti, L., Gaudio, C., Barilla, F., Cannone, M., Memeo, R., Truncellito, L., Andriani, A., Salituri, S., Verrina, F., Pafi, M., Sebastiani, M. L., Amico, A. F., Scolozzi, D., D'Alea, A., Catanzariti, D., Angheben, C., Ottaviano, A., and Levantesi, G.
Subjects: Male, Ticagrelor, medicine.medical_specialty, Acute coronary syndrome, medicine.medical_treatment, Conservative strategy, Population, Acute coronary syndromes, Revascularization, acute coronary syndromes, anticoagulant, antithrombotic therapy, conservative strategy, prasugrel, ticagrelor, aged, coronary care units, female, fibrinolytic agents, follow-up studies, hospital mortality, humans, iItaly, length of stay, male, myocardial revascularization, retrospective studies, survival rate, thrombolytic therapy, practice guidelines as topic, Fibrinolytic Agents, Anticoagulant, Antithrombotic therapy, Prasugrel, Acute Coronary Syndrome, Aged, Coronary Care Units, Female, Follow-Up Studies, Hospital Mortality, Humans, Italy, Length of Stay, Myocardial Revascularization, Retrospective Studies, Survival Rate, Thrombolytic Therapy, Practice Guidelines as Topic, Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine, Pharmacology (medical), Internal medicine, Antithrombotic, medicine, education, Survival rate, education.field_of_study, business.industry, Clopidogrel, medicine.disease, Cardiology, business, Fibrinolytic agent, medicine.drug
Abstract: Aims Patients with acute coronary syndromes (ACSs) who are managed without coronary revascularization represent a mixed and understudied population that seems to receive suboptimal pharmacological treatment. Methods and results We assessed patterns of antithrombotic therapies employed during the hospitalization and in-hospital clinical events of medically managed patients with ACS enrolled in the prospective, multicentre, nationwide EYESHOT (EmploYEd antithrombotic therapies in patients with acute coronary Syndromes HOspitalized in iTalian cardiac care units) registry. Among the 2585 consecutive ACS patients enrolled in EYESHOT, 783 (30.3%) did not receive any revascularization during hospital admission. Of these, 478 (61.0%) underwent coronary angiography (CA), whereas 305 (39.0%) did not. The median GRACE and CRUSADE risk scores were significantly higher among patients who did not undergo CA compared with those who did (180 vs. 145, P < 0.0001 and 50 vs. 33, P < 0.0001, respectively). Antithrombotic therapies employed during hospitalization significantly differ between patients who received CA and those who did not with unfractioned heparin and novel P2Y12 inhibitors more frequently used in the first group, and low-molecular-weight heparins and clopidogrel in the latter group. During the index hospitalization, patients who did not receive CA presented a higher incidence of ischaemic cerebrovascular events and of mortality compared with those who underwent CA (1.6 vs. 0.2%, P = 0.04 and 7.9 vs. 2.7%, P = 0.0009, respectively). Conclusion Almost one-third of ACS patients are managed without revascularization during the index hospitalization. In this population, a lower use of recommended antiplatelet therapy and worse clinical outcome were observed in those who did not undergo CA when compared with those who did. Clinical Trial Registration Unique identifier: [NCT02015624][1], . [10.1093/ehjcvp/pvv017][2] [1]: /lookup/external-ref?link_type=CLINTRIALGOV&access_num=NCT02015624&atom=%2Fehjcardpharm%2F1%2F3%2F168.atom [2]: /lookup/doi/10.1093/ehjcvp/pvv017
Published: 2015
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3. The influence of habitat boundaries on evolutionary branching along environmental gradients

Author: Mazzucco, R., Doebeli, M., Dieckmann, U., Mazzucco, R., Doebeli, M., and Dieckmann, U.
Abstract: It is well known that habitat boundaries affect ecological dynamics, but their influence on evolutionary dynamics is less well understood. Here, we study the effects of different kinds of boundaries on evolutionary branching in clonal populations along environmental gradients by systematically analyzing individual-based stochastic models in small- and large-range systems, as well as their large-population-size limits through deterministic approximations. Specifically, we examine four prototypical kinds of boundaries: impermeable boundaries at which individuals stop (“stopping”), or from which they continue back into the interior as if bouncing back mechanically (“reflecting”), or that let them abort the dispersal attempt, return to their original position and try a different direction (“reprising”), and semipermeable boundaries that can be crossed without hindrance, but do not allow the crossing individual to return (“absorbing”).We find that boundary conditions shape branching patterns only in small-range systems, where stopping boundaries generate disruptive selection for a wide range of parameters, whereas absorbing boundaries always generate stabilizing selection. Reflecting and reprising boundaries generate disruptive selection at low individual mobilities, and stabilizing selection at high mobilities. To further analyze these findings, we introduce a simple approximation of the invasion fitness in a mobile population, which predicts the observed outcome. The effect of stochasticity on evolutionary outcomes is small even in small populations: stochasticity causes random branch extinctions at steeper slopes and higher mobilities. In large-range systems, frequency-dependent interactions alone induce evolutionary branching for almost all parameters and independent of boundary conditions.
Published: 2018

4. Antithrombotic strategies in the catheterization laboratory for patients with acute coronary syndromes undergoing percutaneous coronary interventions: insights from the EmploYEd antithrombotic therapies in patients with acute coronary Syndromes HOspitalized in iTalian cardiac care units Registry

Author: De Luca, L., Musumeci, G., Leonardi, S., Gonzini, L., Cavallini, C., Calabro, P., Mauro, C., Cacciavillani, L., Savonitto, S., De Servi, S., Caporale, R., Ceravolo, R., Formigli, D., Lupi, A., Rakar, S., Smecca, I. M., Maggioni, A. P., Lucci, D., Lorimer, A., Orsini, G., Fabbri, G., Bianchini, E., Abrignani, M. G., Bonura, F., Trimarco, B., Galasso, G., Misuraca, G., Manes, M. T., Tuccillo, B., Irace, L., Olivari, Z., Totis, O., Ledda, A., Boccalatte, M., Iliceto, S., Tortorella, G., Esposito, L., De Rosa, P., Bianchi, R., Napoletano, C., Piccioni, L. L., Pavesi, P. C., Bovenzi, F. M., Boni, A., Merenda, R., Wolff, S., De Ferrari, G. M., Camporotondo, R., Gambino, P., Cutaia, A., Picariello, C., Cemin, R., Chiarella, F., Gauthier, L. G., Mircoli, L., Del Pinto, M., Finocchiaro, M. L., Scioli, R., Farina, R., Naddeo, C., Scherillo, M., Santopietro, S., Metra, M., Costa, F., Calculli, G., Troito, G., Pennisi, V., Adornato, E. M. F., Pirelli, S., Fadin, B. M., DI Biase, M., Ieva, R., Zuin, G., Sanfilippo, N., Mancuso, L., Pani, A., Serra, E., Marenzi, G., Assanelli, E. M., Ansalone, G., Cacciotti, L., Morocutti, G., Fresco, C., Berti, S., Paradossi, U., Bozzano, A., Mauro, A., Noussan, P., Zanini, P., Bolognese, L., Falsini, G., Costa, P., Manca, G., Caldarola, P., Locuratolo, N., Cipolla, T., Becchina, M., Cocco, G., Scalera, G., Stefanelli, S., Giunta, N., Sinagra, G., Meloni, L., Lai, O., Chiaranda, G., Luca, G., Helou, J. S., Biscottini, E., Magliari, F., Callerame, M., Uguccioni, M., Pugliese, M., Sanchez, F., Tartaglione, S., Ignone, G., Mavilio, G., Mantovan, R., Bini, R., Caico, S. I., Demolli, V., Proietti, F., Michisanti, M., Musmeci, G., Cantamessa, P., Sicuso, G., Micalef, S. S., Accogli, M., Zaccaria, M., Caputo, M., DI Paolo, G., Piatti, L., Farina, A., Vicinelli, P., Paloscia, L., DI Clemente, D., Felis, S., Castini, D., Rota, C., Casu, G., Bonano, S., Margheri, M., Lucchi, G. R., Serdoz, R., Proietti, P., Autore, C., Conti, E., Russo, V., Orlando, P., Ramondo, A. B., Bontorin, M., Marcolongo, M., Santagostino, M., Maestroni, A., Vitti, P., Rodella, P., Bonetti, P., Elia, M., Lumare, R., Politi, A., Gritti, S., Poletti, F., Mafrici, A., Fusco, R., Bongo, A. S., Bacchini, S., Gasparetto, V., Ferraiuolo, G., De Luca, M., Campana, C., Bonatti, R., Gaita, F., Bergerone, S., Bonmassari, R., Zeni, P., Langialonga, T., Scarcia, A., Caravita, L., Musacchio, E., Augello, G., Usmiani, T., Stomaci, B., Cirino, D., Pierini, S., Bottiglieri, G., Liso, A., Mussardo, M., Tosi, P., Sala, R., Belloni, A., Blengino, S., Lisi, E., Delfino, P., Auguadro, C., Brunazzi, M. C., Pacchioni, E., Fattore, L., Bosco, B., Blandizzi, S., Pajes, G., Patruno, N., Perna, G. P., Francioni, M., Favale, S., Vestito, D., Lombardi, A., Capecchi, A., Ferrero, P., De Vincenzo, C., Magri, G., Indolfi, C., De Rosa, S., Rossi, M., Collarini, L., Agnelli, D., Conti, G., Tonelli, C., Spadaro, C., Negroni, S., DI Noto, G., Lanari, A., Casolo, G., Del Meglio, J., Negrini, M., Celentano, A., Sifola, C., Rellini, G., Mattia, A. D., Molero, U., Piovaccari, G., Grosseto, D., Callegarin, L., Fiasconaro, G., Crivello, R., Thiebat, B., Leone, G., Tamburino, C., Caruso, G., Cassadonte, F., Sassone, B., Fuca, G., Sormani, L., Percoco, G. F., Mazzucco, R., Cazzani, E., Gianni, M., Limido, A., Luvini, M., Guglielmi, R., Mannarini, A., Moruzzi, P., Pastori, P., Golia, B., Marzano, A., Orazi, S., Marchese, I., Anselmi, M., Girardi, P., Nassiacos, D., Meloni, S., Busacca, P., Generali, C. A., Corda, S., Costanza, G., Montalto, S., Argenziano, L., Tommasini, P., Emdin, M., Pasanisi, E. M., Colivicchi, F., Tubaro, M., Azzolini, P., Luciani, C., Doronzo, B., Coppolino, A., Dellavesa, P., Zenone, F., DI Marco, A., De Conti, F., Piccinni, G. C., Gualtieri, M. R., Bisignani, G., Leone, A., Arcuri, G. M., Marinacci, L., Rossi, P., Perotti, S., Cometti, V. C., Arcidiacono, S., Tramontana, M., Bazzucchi, M., Mezzetti, P., Romano, M., Villani, R., DI Giovambattista, R., Volpe, B., Tedesco, L., Carini, M., Vinci, S., Paolini, E. A., Busoni, F., Piergentili, C., Navazio, A., Manca, F., Cocco, F., Pennetta, C. A., Maggiolini, S., Galbiati, R., Bruna, C., Ferrero, L., Brigido, S., Barducci, E., Musacchio, D., Manduca, B., Marchese, D., Patrassi, L. A., Pattarino, F. A., Rocchi, M., Briglia, S., Fanelli, R., Villella, M., Gronda, E., Massa, D., Lenti, V., DI Gregorio, L., Bottero, M., Bazzanini, F., Braggion, G., Antoniceli, R., Caraceni, D., Guzzo, V., DI Giovanni, P., Scarpini, S., Severgnini, B., Musolino, M. F., Casa, S. D., Gobbi, M., Arena, G., Bonizzato, S., Agnoletto, V., Sansoni, S., Pes, R. A. M., Denti, S., Polizzi, G. M., Pino, R., Commisso, B., Merlino, A., DI Lorenzo, L., Porchetta, I., Del Furia, F., Colombi, E., Covini, D., Cavalieri, F., Antonaci, S., Rubino, G., Ciulla, A., Bui, F., Casorelli, E., Caliendo, L., Laezza, A., Americo, L., Schillaci, A. M., Cordoni, M., Barsotti, L., Gaudio, C., Barilla, F., Cannone, M., Memeo, R., Truncellito, L., Andriani, A., Salituri, S., Verrina, F., Pafi, M., Sebastiani, M. L., Amico, A. F., Scolozzi, D., Lupi, G., D'Alea, A., Catanzariti, D., Angheben, C., Ottaviano, A., Levantesi, G., de Luca, Leonardo, Musumeci, Giuseppe, Leonardi, Sergio, Gonzini, Lucio, Cavallini, Claudio, Calabrò, Paolo, Mauro, Ciro, Cacciavillani, Luisa, Savonitto, Stefano, de Servi, Stefano, Caporale, Roberto, Ceravolo, Roberto, Formigli, Dario, Lupi, Alessandro, Rakar, Sadir, Smecca, Ivan, Maggioni, Aldo Pietro, Lucci, Donata, Lorimer, Andrea, Orsini, Giampietro, Fabbri, Gianna, Bianchini, Elisa, Abrignani, Maurizio Giuseppe, Bonura, Francesc, Trimarco, Bruno, Galasso, Gennaro, Misuraca, Gianfranco, Manes, Maria Teresa, Tuccillo, Bernardino, and Irace, Luigi.
Subjects: Male, Prasugrel, medicine.medical_treatment, Myocardial Infarction, antithrombotic therapy, 030204 cardiovascular system & hematology, acute coronary syndromes, bivalirudin, heparins, percutaneous coronary intervention, prasugrel, ticagrelor, 0302 clinical medicine, Antithrombotic, 80 and over, Bivalirudin, 030212 general & internal medicine, Myocardial infarction, Prospective Studies, Registries, Aged, 80 and over, General Medicine, Hirudins, Middle Aged, Recombinant Proteins, Italy, Female, Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine, Ticagrelor, medicine.drug, medicine.medical_specialty, Platelet Glycoprotein GPIIb-IIIa Complex, NO, 03 medical and health sciences, Percutaneous Coronary Intervention, Internal medicine, medicine, Humans, Acute Coronary Syndrome, Aged, Aspirin, business.industry, Heparin, Percutaneous coronary intervention, Anticoagulants, medicine.disease, Peptide Fragments, Clinical trial, Cross-Sectional Studies, Logistic Models, Conventional PCI, Multivariate Analysis, business
Abstract: Aims In the last decades, several new therapies have emerged for the treatment of acute coronary syndromes (ACS). We sought to describe real-world patterns of use of antithrombotic treatments in the catheterization laboratory for ACS patients undergoing percutaneous coronary interventions (PCI). Methods EmploYEd antithrombotic therapies in patients with acute coronary Syndromes HOspitalized in iTalian cardiac care units was a nationwide, prospective registry aimed to evaluate antithrombotic strategies employed in ACS patients in Italy. Results Over a 3-week period, a total of 2585 consecutive ACS patients have been enrolled in 203 cardiac care units across Italy. Among these patients, 1755 underwent PCI (923 with ST-elevation myocardial infarction and 832 with non-ST-elevation ACS). In the catheterization laboratory, unfractioned heparin was the most used antithrombotic drug in both ST-elevation myocardial infarction (64.7%) and non-ST-elevation ACS (77.5%) undergoing PCI and, as aspirin, bivalirudin and glycoprotein IIb/IIIa inhibitors (GPIs) more frequently employed before or during PCI compared with the postprocedural period. Any crossover of heparin therapy occurred in 36.0% of cases, whereas switching from one P2Y12 inhibitor to another occurred in 3.7% of patients. Multivariable analysis yielded several independent predictors of GPIs and of bivalirudin use in the catheterization laboratory, mainly related to clinical presentation, PCI complexity and presence of complications during the procedure. Conclusion In our contemporary, nationwide, all-comers cohort of ACS patients undergoing PCI, antithrombotic therapies were commonly initiated before the catheterization laboratory. In the periprocedural period, the most frequently employed drugs were unfractioned heparin, leading to a high rate of crossover, followed by GPIs and bivalirudin, mainly used during complex PCI. Clinical trial registration URL: http://www.clinicaltrials.gov. Unique identifier: NCT02015624.
Published: 2017

5. Prognostic Impact of Diabetes and Prediabetes on Survival Outcomes in Patients With Chronic Heart Failure: A Post‐Hoc Analysis of the GISSI‐HF (Gruppo Italiano per lo Studio della Sopravvivenza nella Insufficienza Cardiaca‐Heart Failure) Trial

Author: Dauriz, Marco, primary, Targher, Giovanni, additional, Temporelli, Pier Luigi, additional, Lucci, Donata, additional, Gonzini, Lucio, additional, Nicolosi, Gian Luigi, additional, Marchioli, Roberto, additional, Tognoni, Gianni, additional, Latini, Roberto, additional, Cosmi, Franco, additional, Tavazzi, Luigi, additional, Maggioni, Aldo Pietro, additional, Barlera, Simona, additional, Franzosi, Maria Grazia, additional, Maggioni, Aldo P., additional, Porcu, Maurizio, additional, Yusuf, Salim, additional, Camerini, Fulvio, additional, Cohn, Jay N., additional, Decarli, Adriano, additional, Pitt, Bertram, additional, Sleight, Peter, additional, Poole‐Wilson, Philip A., additional, Geraci, Enrico, additional, Scherillo, Marino, additional, Fabbri, Gianna, additional, Bartolomei, Barbara, additional, Bertoli, Daniele, additional, Cobelli, Franco, additional, Fresco, Claudio, additional, Ledda, Antonietta, additional, Levantesi, Giacomo, additional, Opasich, Cristina, additional, Rusconi, Franco, additional, Sinagra, Gianfranco, additional, Turazza, Fabio, additional, Volpi, Alberto, additional, Ceseri, Martina, additional, Alongi, Gianluca, additional, Atzori, Antonio, additional, Bambi, Filippo, additional, Bastarolo, Desiree, additional, Bianchini, Francesca, additional, Cangioli, Iacopo, additional, Canu, Vittoriana, additional, Caporusso, Concetta, additional, Cenni, Gabriele, additional, Cintelli, Laura, additional, Cocchio, Michele, additional, Confente, Alessia, additional, Fenicia, Eva, additional, Friso, Giorgio, additional, Gianfriddo, Marco, additional, Grilli, Gianluca, additional, Lazzaro, Beatrice, additional, Lonardo, Giuseppe, additional, Luise, Alessia, additional, Nota, Rachele, additional, Orlando, Mariaelena, additional, Petrolo, Rosaria, additional, Pierattini, Chiara, additional, Pierota, Valeria, additional, Provenzani, Alessandro, additional, Quartuccio, Velia, additional, Ragno, Anna, additional, Serio, Chiara, additional, Spolaor, Alvise, additional, Tafi, Arianna, additional, Tellaroli, Elisa, additional, Ghio, Stefano, additional, Ghizzardi, Elisa, additional, Masson, Serge, additional, Crociati, Lella, additional, La Rovere, Maria Teresa, additional, Corrà, Ugo, additional, Finzi, Andrea, additional, Gorini, Marco, additional, Milani, Valentina, additional, Orsini, Giampietro, additional, Bianchini, Elisa, additional, Cabiddu, Silvia, additional, Cangioli, Ilaria, additional, Cipressa, Laura, additional, Cipressa, Maria Lucia, additional, Di Bitetto, Giuseppina, additional, Ferri, Barbara, additional, Galbiati, Luisa, additional, Lorimer, Andrea, additional, Pera, Carla, additional, Priami, Paola, additional, Vasamì, Antonella, additional, Moccetti, T., additional, Rossi, M.G., additional, Pasotti, E., additional, Vaghi, F., additional, Roncarolo, P., additional, Zunino, M.T., additional, Matta, F., additional, Perinetto, E. Actis, additional, Gaita, F., additional, Azzaro, G., additional, Zanetta, M., additional, Paino, A.M., additional, Parravicini, U., additional, Vegis, D., additional, Conte, R., additional, Ferraro, P., additional, De Bernardi, A., additional, Morelloni, S., additional, Fagnani, M., additional, Lucchina, P. Greco, additional, Montagna, L., additional, Bellone, E., additional, Sappè, D., additional, Ferraro, F., additional, Delucchi, M., additional, Reynaud, S.G., additional, Dore, M., additional, La Brocca, A., additional, Massobrio, N., additional, Bo, L., additional, Trinchero, R., additional, Imazio, M., additional, Brocchi, G., additional, Nejrotti, A., additional, Rissone, L., additional, Gabasio, S., additional, Zocchi, C., additional, Randazzo, S., additional, Crenna, A., additional, Giannuzzi, P., additional, Bonanomi, E., additional, Mezzani, A., additional, De Marchi, M., additional, Begliuomini, G., additional, Gianonatti, C.A., additional, Gavazzi, A., additional, Grosu, A., additional, Dei Cas, L., additional, Nodari, S., additional, Garyfallidis, P., additional, Bertoletti, A., additional, Bonifazi, C., additional, Arisi, S., additional, Mascaro, F., additional, Fraccarollo, M., additional, Dell'Orto, S., additional, Sfolcini, M., additional, Bortolini, F., additional, Raccagni, D., additional, Turelli, A., additional, Santarone, M., additional, Miglierina, E., additional, Sormani, L., additional, Jemoli, R., additional, Tettamanti, F., additional, Pirelli, S., additional, Bianchi, C., additional, Verde, S., additional, Mariani, M., additional, Ziacchi, V., additional, Ferrazza, A., additional, Russo, A., additional, Bortolotti, M., additional, Pasini, G.F., additional, Volpi, A., additional, Jones, K.N., additional, Cuzzucrea, D., additional, Gullace, G., additional, Carbone, C., additional, Granata, A., additional, De Servi, S., additional, Del Rosso, G., additional, Inserra, C., additional, Renaldini, E., additional, Zappa, C., additional, Moretti, M., additional, Zanini, R., additional, Ferrari, M., additional, Moroni, E., additional, Cei, A., additional, Lissi, C., additional, Dovico, E., additional, Fiorentini, C., additional, Palermo, P., additional, Brusoni, B., additional, Negrini, M., additional, Heyman, J., additional, Danzi, G.B., additional, Finzi, A., additional, Frigerio, M., additional, Turazza, F., additional, Beretta, L., additional, Sachero, A., additional, Casazza, F., additional, Squadroni, L., additional, Lombardi, F., additional, Marano, L., additional, Margonato, A., additional, Fragasso, G., additional, Febo, O.C., additional, Aiolfi, E., additional, Olmetti, F., additional, Grieco, A., additional, Antonazzo, V., additional, Specchia, G., additional, Mortara, A., additional, Robustelli, F., additional, Songini, M.G., additional, Schweiger, C., additional, Frisinghelli, A., additional, Palvarini, M., additional, Campana, C., additional, Scelsi, L., additional, Ajmone Marsan, N., additional, Cobelli, F., additional, Gualco, A., additional, Opasich, C., additional, De Feo, S., additional, Mazzucco, R., additional, Iannone, M.A., additional, Diaco, T., additional, Zaniboni, D., additional, Milanesi, G., additional, Nassiacos, D., additional, Meloni, S., additional, Giani, P., additional, Nicoli, T., additional, Malinverni, C., additional, Gusmini, A., additional, Pozzoni, L., additional, Bisiani, G., additional, Margaroli, P., additional, Schizzarotto, A., additional, Daverio, A., additional, Occhi, G., additional, Partesana, N., additional, Bandini, P., additional, Rosella, M.G., additional, Giustiniani, S., additional, Cucchi, G., additional, Pedretti, R., additional, Raimondo, R., additional, Vaninetti, R., additional, Fedele, A., additional, Ghezzi, I., additional, Rezzonico, E., additional, Salerno Uriarte, J.A., additional, Morandi, F., additional, Salvucci, F., additional, Valenti, C., additional, Graziano, G., additional, Romanò, M., additional, Cimminiello, C., additional, Mangone, I., additional, Lombardo, M., additional, Quorso, P., additional, Marinoni, G., additional, Breghi, M., additional, Erckert, M., additional, Dienstl, A., additional, Mirante Marini, G., additional, Stefenelli, C., additional, Cioffi, G., additional, Buczkowska, E., additional, Bonanome, A., additional, Bazzanini, F., additional, Parissenti, L., additional, Serafini, C., additional, Catania, G., additional, Tarantini, L., additional, Rigatelli, G., additional, Boni, S., additional, Pasini, A., additional, Masini, E., additional, Zampiero, A.A., additional, Zanchetta, M., additional, Franceschetto, L., additional, Delise, P., additional, Marcon, C., additional, Sacchetta, A., additional, Borgese, L., additional, Artusi, L., additional, Casolino, P., additional, Corbara, F., additional, Banzato, A., additional, Barbiero, M., additional, Aldegheri, M.P., additional, Bazzucco, R., additional, Crivellenti, G., additional, Raviele, A., additional, Zanella, C., additional, Pascotto, P., additional, Sarto, P., additional, Milan, S., additional, Barbieri, E., additional, Girardi, P., additional, Dalla Villa, W., additional, Dalle Mule, J., additional, Di Sipio, M.L., additional, Cazzin, R., additional, Milan, D., additional, Zonzin, P., additional, Carraro, M., additional, Rossi, R., additional, Carbonieri, E., additional, Rossi, I., additional, Stritoni, P., additional, Meneghetti, P., additional, Risica, G., additional, Tenderini, P.L., additional, Vassanelli, C., additional, Zanolla, L., additional, Perini, G., additional, Brighetti, G., additional, Chiozza, R., additional, Giuliano, G., additional, Gortan, R., additional, Cesanelli, R., additional, Nicolosi, G.L., additional, Piazza, R., additional, Mos, L., additional, Vriz, O., additional, Pavan, D., additional, Pascottini, G., additional, Alberti, E., additional, Werren, M., additional, Solinas, L., additional, Sinagra, G., additional, Longaro, F., additional, Fioretti, P., additional, Albanese, M.C., additional, Miani, D., additional, Gianrossi, R., additional, Pende, A., additional, Rubartelli, P., additional, Magaia, O., additional, Domenicucci, S., additional, Caruso, D., additional, Faraguti, A.S., additional, Magliani, L., additional, Miccoli, F., additional, Guglielmino, G., additional, Bertoli, D., additional, Cantarelli, A., additional, Orlandi, S., additional, Vallebona, A., additional, Pozzati, A., additional, Brega, G., additional, Pancaldi, L.G., additional, Vandelli, R., additional, Urbinati, S., additional, Poci, M.G., additional, Zoli, M., additional, Costa, G.M., additional, Guiducci, U., additional, Zobbi, G., additional, Tartagni, F., additional, Tisselli, A., additional, Gentili, A., additional, Pieri, P., additional, Cagnetta, E., additional, Bendinelli, S., additional, Barbieri, A., additional, Conti, R., additional, Ferrari, R., additional, Merlini, F., additional, Fucili, A., additional, Moruzzi, P., additional, Buia, E., additional, Galvani, M., additional, Ferrini, D., additional, Baggioni, G., additional, Yiannacopulu, P., additional, Canè, G., additional, Bonfiglioli, A., additional, Zandomeneghi, R., additional, Brugioni, L., additional, Giannini, A., additional, Di Ruvo, R., additional, Giuliani, M., additional, Rusconi, L., additional, Del Corso, P., additional, Piovaccari, G., additional, Bologna, F., additional, Venturi, P., additional, Melandri, F., additional, Bagni, E., additional, Bolognese, L., additional, Perticucci, R., additional, Zuppiroli, A., additional, Nannini, M., additional, Consoli, N., additional, Petrone, P., additional, Pipitò, C., additional, Colombi, L., additional, Bernardi, D., additional, Mariani, P.R., additional, Testa, R., additional, Mazzinghi, F., additional, Cosmi, F., additional, Cosmi, D., additional, Zipoli, A., additional, Cecchi, A., additional, Castelli, G., additional, Ciaccheri, M., additional, Mori, F., additional, Pieri, F., additional, Valoti, P., additional, Chiarantini, D., additional, Santoro, G.M., additional, Minneci, C., additional, Marchi, F., additional, Milli, M., additional, Zambaldi, G., additional, Brandinelli Geri, A.A., additional, Cipriani, M., additional, Alessandri, M., additional, Severi, S., additional, Stefanelli, S., additional, Comella, A., additional, Poddighe, R., additional, Digiorgio, A., additional, Carluccio, M., additional, Berti, S., additional, Rizza, A., additional, Bonatti, V., additional, Molendi, V., additional, Brancato, A., additional, D'Aprile, N., additional, Giappichini, G., additional, Del Vecchio, S., additional, Mantini, G., additional, De Tommasi, F., additional, Meucci, G., additional, Cordoni, M., additional, Bechi, S., additional, Barsotti, L., additional, Baldini, P., additional, Romei, M., additional, Scopelliti, G., additional, Lauri, G., additional, Pestelli, F., additional, Furiozzi, F., additional, Cocchieri, M., additional, Severini, D., additional, Patriarchi, F., additional, Chiocchi, P., additional, Buccolieri, M., additional, Martinelli, S., additional, Wee, A., additional, Angelici, F., additional, Bernardinangeli, M., additional, Proietti, G., additional, Biscottini, B., additional, Panciarola, R., additional, Marinacci, L., additional, Perna, G.P., additional, Gabrielli, D., additional, Moraca, A., additional, Moretti, L., additional, Partemi, L., additional, Gregori, G., additional, Amici, R., additional, Patteri, G., additional, Capone, P., additional, Savini, E., additional, Morgagni, G.L., additional, Paccaloni, L., additional, Pezzuoli, F., additional, Carincola, S., additional, Papi, S., additional, De Crescentini, S., additional, Gerardi, P., additional, Midi, P., additional, Gallenzi, E., additional, Pajes, G., additional, Mancone, C., additional, Di Spirito, V., additional, Di Gennaro, M., additional, Calcagno, S., additional, Toscano, S., additional, Antonicoli, S., additional, Carta, F., additional, Giorgi, G., additional, Comito, F., additional, Daniele, E., additional, Ciarla, O., additional, Gelfo, P.G., additional, Acquaviva, A., additional, Testa, D., additional, Testa, G., additional, Pagliaro, F.A., additional, Russo, F., additional, Vetta, F., additional, Marchese, I., additional, Di Sciascio, G., additional, D'Ambrosio, A., additional, Leggio, F., additional, Del Sindaco, D., additional, Lacchè, A., additional, Avallone, A., additional, Risa, M.P., additional, Azzolini, P., additional, Baldo, E., additional, Giovannini, E., additional, Pulignano, G., additional, Tondo, C., additional, Picchio, E., additional, ani, E., additional, Tanzi, P., additional, Pozzar, F., additional, Farnetti, F., additional, Azzarito, M., additional, Santini, M., additional, Varveri, A., additional, Ferraiuolo, G., additional, Valtorta, C., additional, Gaspardone, A., additional, Barbato, G., additional, Ceci, V., additional, Aspromonte, N., additional, Bellocci, F., additional, Colizzi, C., additional, Fedele, F., additional, Perez, F.I., additional, Galati, A., additional, Rossetti, A., additional, Mainella, A., additional, etta, D., additional, Matteucci, C., additional, Busi, G., additional, De Angelis, A., additional, Farina, G., additional, Granatelli, A., additional, Leone, F., additional, Frasca, F., additional, Di Giovambattista, R., additional, Castellani, G., additional, Massaro, G., additional, Mastrogiuseppe, G., additional, Vacri, A., additional, De Sanctis, F., additional, Cioli, M., additional, Di Luzio, S., additional, Napoletano, C., additional, Piccioni, L.L., additional, De Simone, G., additional, Ottaviano, A., additional, Mazza, V., additional, Spedaliere, C., additional, Staniscia, D., additional, Calgione, E., additional, De Marco, G., additional, Chiacchio, T., additional, Di Napoli, T., additional, Romanzi, S., additional, Salvatore, G., additional, Golino, P., additional, Palermo, A., additional, Mascia, F., additional, Vetrano, A., additional, Vinciguerra, A., additional, Caliendo, L., additional, Longobardi, R., additional, De Caro, G., additional, Di Nola, R., additional, Piemonte, F., additional, Prinzi, D., additional, De Rosa, P., additional, De Rosa, V., additional, Riello, F., additional, Capuano, V., additional, Vecchio, G., additional, Landi, M., additional, Amato, S., additional, Garofalo, M., additional, D'Avino, M., additional, Sensale, P., additional, Maiolica, O., additional, Santoro, R., additional, Caso, P., additional, Miceli, D., additional, Maurea, N., additional, Bianchi, U., additional, Crispo, C., additional, Chiariello, M., additional, Perrone Filardi, P., additional, Russo, L., additional, Capuano, N., additional, Ungaro, G., additional, Vergara, G., additional, Scafuro, F., additional, D'Angelo, G., additional, Campaniello, C., additional, Bottiglieri, P., additional, Volpe, A., additional, Battista, R., additional, De Risi, L., additional, Cardillo, G., additional, Sibilio, G., additional, Marino, A.P., additional, Silvestri, F., additional, Predotti, P., additional, Iervoglini, A., additional, De Matteis, C., additional, Sarnicola, P., additional, Matarazzo, M.M., additional, Baldi, S., additional, Iuliano, V., additional, Astarita, C., additional, Cuccaro, P., additional, Liguori, A., additional, Liguori, G., additional, Gregorio, G., additional, Petraglia, L., additional, Antonelli, G., additional, Amodio, G., additional, De Luca, I., additional, Traversa, D., additional, Franchini, G., additional, Lenti, M.L., additional, Cavallari, D., additional, D'Agostino, C., additional, Scalera, G., additional, Altamura, C.M., additional, Russo, M., additional, Mascolo, A.R., additional, Pettinati, G., additional, Ciricugno, S.A., additional, Scrutinio, D., additional, Passantino, A., additional, Mastrangelo, D., additional, Di Masi, A., additional, De Carne, R., additional, Cannone, M., additional, Dibiase, F., additional, Pensato, M., additional, Loliva, F., additional, Trapani, F., additional, Panettieri, I., additional, Leone, L., additional, Di Biase, M., additional, Carrone, M., additional, Gallone, V., additional, Cocco, F., additional, Costantini, M., additional, Tritto, C., additional, Cavalieri, F., additional, Stella, L., additional, Magliari, F., additional, Callerame, M., additional, De Giorgi, A., additional, Pellegrino, L., additional, Correra, M., additional, Portulano, V., additional, Nisi, G.L., additional, Grassi, G., additional, Cristallo, E., additional, De Laura, D., additional, Salerno, C., additional, Fanelli, R., additional, Villella, M., additional, Pede, S., additional, Renna, A., additional, De Lorenzi, E., additional, Urso, L., additional, Lenti, V., additional, Peluso, A., additional, Baldi, N., additional, Polimeni, G., additional, Palma, P., additional, Lauletta, R., additional, Tagliamonte, E., additional, Cirillo, T., additional, Silvestri, B., additional, Centonze, G., additional, D'Alessandro, B., additional, Truncellito, L., additional, Mecca, D., additional, Petruzzi, M.A., additional, Coviello, R.O.M., additional, Lopizzo, A., additional, telli, M., additional, Barbuzzi, S., additional, Gubelli, S., additional, Germinario, G., additional, Cosentino, N., additional, Mingrone, A., additional, Vico, R., additional, Borrello, G., additional, Mazza, M.L., additional, Cimino, R., additional, Galasso, D., additional, Cassadonte, F., additional, Talarico, U., additional, Perticone, F., additional, Cassano, S., additional, Catapano, F., additional, Calemme, S., additional, Feraco, E., additional, Cloro, C., additional, Misuraca, G., additional, Caporale, R., additional, Vigna, L., additional, Spagnuolo, V., additional, De Rosa, F., additional, Spadafora, G., additional, Zampaglione, G., additional, Russo, R., additional, Schipani, F.A., additional, Ferragina, A.F., additional, Stranieri, D., additional, Musca, G., additional, Carpino, C., additional, Bencardino, P., additional, Raimondo, F., additional, Musacchio, D., additional, Pulitanò, G., additional, Ruggeri, A., additional, Provenzano, A., additional, Salituri, S., additional, Musolino, M., additional, Calandruccio, S., additional, Marrari, A., additional, Tripodi, E., additional, Scali, R., additional, Anastasio, L., additional, Arone, A., additional, Aragona, P., additional, Donnangelo, L., additional, Comito, M.G.A., additional, Bilotta, F., additional, Vaccaro, I., additional, Rametta, R., additional, Ventura, V., additional, Bonvegna, A., additional, Alì, A., additional, Cinnirella, C., additional, Raineri, M., additional, Pompeo, F., additional, Cascio Ingurgio, N., additional, Carini, V., additional, Coco, R., additional, Giunta, G., additional, Leonardi, G., additional, Randazzo, V., additional, Di Blasi, V., additional, Tamburino, C., additional, Russo, G., additional, Mangiameli, S., additional, Cardillo, R., additional, Castelli, D., additional, Inserra, V., additional, Arena, A., additional, Gulizia, M.M., additional, Raciti, S., additional, Rapisarda, G., additional, Romano, R., additional, Prestifilippo, P., additional, Braschi, G.B., additional, Ledda, G., additional, Terrazzino, R., additional, De Caro, M., additional, Scilabra, G., additional, agnino, B., additional, Grassi, R., additional, Di Tano, G., additional, Scimone, G.F., additional, Vasquez, L., additional, Coppolino, C., additional, Casale, A., additional, Castelli, M., additional, D'Urso, G., additional, D'Antonio, E., additional, Lo Presti, L., additional, Badalamenti, E., additional, Conti, P., additional, Sanfilippo, N., additional, Cirrincione, V., additional, Cinà, M.T., additional, Cusimano, G., additional, Taormina, A., additional, Giuliano, P., additional, Bajardi, A., additional, Mandalà, V., additional, Canonico, A., additional, Geraci, G., additional, Sabella, F.P., additional, Enia, F., additional, Floresta, A.M., additional, Lo Cascio, I., additional, Gumina, D., additional, Cavallaro, A., additional, Piccione, G., additional, Ferrante, R., additional, Blandino, M., additional, Iudicello, M.S., additional, Mossuti, E., additional, Romano, G., additional, Lombardo, L., additional, Monastra, P., additional, Di Vincenzo, D., additional, Porcu, M., additional, Orrù, P., additional, Muscas, F., additional, Giardina, G., additional, Corda, M., additional, Locci, G., additional, Podda, A., additional, Ledda, M., additional, Siddi, P., additional, Lai, C., additional, Pili, G., additional, Mercuro, G., additional, Mureddu, G., additional, Ganau, A., additional, Meloni, G., additional, Poddighe, G., additional, and Sanna, G., additional
Published: 2017
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6. The Formation of Structured Cooperative Communities

Author: Sjödin, H., Brännström, Å., Mazzucco, R., and Dieckmann, U.
Abstract: A society relying upon public goods must avoid a tragedy of the commons; it will otherwise wither owing to the collapse of cooperative enterprises. This long recognized phenomenon has repeatedly caught the attention of thinkers across a variety of fields. Game theory has, through stylized quantitative models, served to unfold core processes governing the nature of cooperation on public goods. While caught between oversimplification and intractability, research is pushing to understand cooperation in complex systems. Large organizational units, such as whole communities, are typically subdivided into a multiple of different localized groups between which individuals may transfer. Although the group structure of such heterogeneous units is known to be important to the success of cooperation, knowledge on how group structures dynamically unfold and develop jointly with cooperative efforts is limited. Public economist Charles Tiebout suggested in 1956 that foot voting as an inter-group migration behavior could constitute a powerful bottom-up solution to the free-rider problem in local governance, as he believed that large communities would self-organize into an optimal type of group-structure. We apply evolutionary game-theory to social group-formation, and find that foot voting spontaneously emerges in large self-organized, public-goods communities. In turn, the emergence of foot voting makes way for cooperation to develop in non-cooperative communities which transform into highly cooperative group-structured societies. As such, the Tiebout hypothesis gets support in evolutionary game theory, and at the same time is revealed as an example of a wider concept, as it builds on a sorting principle that appears inevitable and that may represent a general mechanism for triggering invasion of altruism, potentially at many, and much more basic, levels of social and biological organization.
Published: 2015

7. Freshwater Ecosystems: From Models to Applications

Author: Mazzucco, R., Ficker, H., Gassner, H., Wanzenboeck, J., Nguyen, T.V., Kim, D., Heo, M., Chon, T.S., and Dieckmann, U.
Abstract: Freshwater ecosystems—lakes and streams—are being endangered by agricultural, urban, and industrial pollution; hydraulic engineering; and overexploitation, which threaten their capacity to provide important services (recreation and supply of food and clean water, among others). Ecological modeling may be employed to estimate impacts and analyze mitigation strategies. Toy models are easy to construct, but applying them to real-world problems is often challenging. Here, we show in two case studies how the connection from model to application can be made. The first study analyzes whether and how the impact of climatic change on a mostly recreational fishery in an Alpine lake can be mitigated, while the second looks at restoring biodiversity after cleaning up pollution in a Korean river system, using aquatic insects, which play an essential functional role in aquatic food-webs and are very sensitive to water quality, as indicators of ecosystem health. These studies highlight the ability of process-based eco-evolutionary models to generate testable hypotheses and contribute solutions to real-world problems.
Published: 2015

8. Epidemiological, evolutionary, and economic determinants of eradication tails

Author: Mazzucco, R., Dieckmann, U., Metz, J.A.J., Mazzucco, R., Dieckmann, U., and Metz, J.A.J.
Abstract: Despite modern medical interventions, infectious diseases continue to generate huge socio-economic losses. The benefits of eradicating a disease are therefore high. While successful with smallpox and rinderpest, many other eradication attempts have failed. Eradications require huge and costly efforts, which can be sustained only if sufficient progress can be achieved. While initial successes are usually obtained more easily, progress often becomes harder as a disease becomes rare in the eradication endgame. A long eradication tail of slowly decreasing incidence levels can frustrate eradication efforts, as it becomes unclear whether progress toward eradication is still being made and how much more needs to be invested to push the targeted disease beyond its extinction threshold. Realistic disease dynamics are complicated by evolutionary responses to interventions and by interactions among different temporal and spatial scales. Models accounting for these complexities are required for understanding the shapes of eradication tails. In particular, such models allow predicting how hard or costly eradication will be, and may even inform in which manner progress has to be assessed during the eradication endgame. Here we outline a general procedure by analyzing the eradication tails of generic SIS diseases, taking into account two major ingredients of realistic complexity: a group-structured host population in which host contacts within groups are more likely than host contacts between groups, and virulence evolution subject to a trade-off between host infectivity within groups and host mobility among groups. Disentangling the epidemiological, evolutionary, and economic determinants of eradication tails, we show how tails of different shapes arise depending on salient model parameters and on how the extinction threshold is approached. We find that disease evolution generally extends the eradication tail and show how the cost structure of eradication measures plays a key rol
Published: 2016

9. Stocking strategies for a pre-alpine whitefish population under temperature stress

Author: Ficker, H., Mazzucco, R., Gassner, H., Wanzenboeck, J., Dieckmann, U., Ficker, H., Mazzucco, R., Gassner, H., Wanzenboeck, J., and Dieckmann, U.
Abstract: Cold-water fish stocks are increasingly affected by steadily increasing water temperatures. The question arises whether stock management can be adapted to mitigate the consequences of this climatic change. Here, we estimate the effects of increasing water temperatures on fisheries yield and population dynamics of whitefish, a typical cold-water fish species. Using a process-based population model calibrated on an empirical long-term data set for the whitefish population (Coregons lavaretus (L.) species complex) of the pre-alpine Lake Irrsee, Austria, we project density-dependent and temperature-dependent population growth and compare established stock enhancement strategies to alternative stocking strategies under the aspect of increasing water temperatures and cost neutrality. Additionally, we contrast the results obtained from the process-based model to the results from simple regression models and argue that the latter show qualitative inadequacies in projecting catch with rising temperatures. Our results indicate that increasing water temperatures reduce population biomass between 2.6% and 7.9% and catch by the fishery between 24% and 48%, depending on temperature scenario and natural mortality calculation. These reductions are caused by accelerated growth, smaller asymptotic size and lower annual survival of whitefish. Regarding stocking strategies under constant temperatures, we find that stocking mostly whitefish larvae, produces higher population biomass than stocking mostly one-summer-old whitefish, while catch remains almost constant. With increasing temperatures, stocking one-summer-old fish is more beneficial for the angling fishery. Adaption to climate change by changing stocking strategies cannot, however, prevent an overall reduction in catch and population size of this cold-water fish species.
Published: 2016

10. Prevalence and prognostic value of elevated urinary albumin excretion in patients with chronic heart failure data from the GISSI-Heart failure trial

Author: Masson S, Latini R, Milani V, Moretti L, Rossi MG, Carbonieri E, Frisinghelli A, Minneci C, Valisi M, Maggioni AP, Marchioli R, Tognoni G, Tavazzi L, Roncarolo PL, Gregori G, Zanetta M, Boni S, Porcu M, Pettinati G, Ciricugno S, Caliendo L, Leonardi G, Perticone F, Raccagni D, Severini D, Carlon R, Cosmi F, Cosmi D, Misuraca G, Barbieri A, Buia E, Stella L, Malinverni C, Pende A, Caruso D, Volpi A, Jones N, Buccolieri M, Tagliamonte E, Rigatelli G, Barbiero M, Portulano V, Scillabra G, Di Tano G, Beretta L, Margonato A, Coppolino C, Sarto P, Aiolfi E, Musca G, Girardi P, Campaniello C, Lucchina PG, Montagna L, Geraci G, Floresta M, Ingrillì F, Palvarini M, Opasich C, Gualco A, Revera M, Battista R, De Risi L, Mazzucco R, Milan D, Ruggeri A, Piovaccari G, Provenzano A, Varveri A, Rossi I, Mos L, Partesana N, Cucchi G, Anastasio L, Bernardinangeli M, Proietti G, Massobrio N, Imazio M, Fenoil R, Gabasio S, Cioffi G, Ghezzi I, Barbuzzi S, Gubelli S, Giannuzzi P, Mezzani A, Graziano G, Moccetti T, Franzosi MG, Nicolosi GL, Geraci E, Scherillo M, Fabbri G, Bartolomei B, Bertoli D, Cobelli F, Fresco C, Ledda A, Levantesi G, Rusconi F, Sinagra G, Turazza F, Volpi A., PERRONE FILARDI, PASQUALE, Masson, S, Latini, R, Milani, V, Moretti, L, Rossi, Mg, Carbonieri, E, Frisinghelli, A, Minneci, C, Valisi, M, Maggioni, Ap, Marchioli, R, Tognoni, G, Tavazzi, L, Roncarolo, Pl, Gregori, G, Zanetta, M, Boni, S, Porcu, M, Pettinati, G, Ciricugno, S, Caliendo, L, Leonardi, G, Perticone, F, Raccagni, D, Severini, D, Carlon, R, Cosmi, F, Cosmi, D, Misuraca, G, Barbieri, A, Buia, E, Stella, L, Malinverni, C, Pende, A, Caruso, D, Volpi, A, Jones, N, Buccolieri, M, Tagliamonte, E, Rigatelli, G, Barbiero, M, Portulano, V, Scillabra, G, Di Tano, G, Beretta, L, Margonato, A, Coppolino, C, Sarto, P, Aiolfi, E, Musca, G, PERRONE FILARDI, Pasquale, Girardi, P, Campaniello, C, Lucchina, Pg, Montagna, L, Geraci, G, Floresta, M, Ingrillì, F, Palvarini, M, Opasich, C, Gualco, A, Revera, M, Battista, R, De Risi, L, Mazzucco, R, Milan, D, Ruggeri, A, Piovaccari, G, Provenzano, A, Varveri, A, Rossi, I, Mos, L, Partesana, N, Cucchi, G, Anastasio, L, Bernardinangeli, M, Proietti, G, Massobrio, N, Imazio, M, Fenoil, R, Gabasio, S, Cioffi, G, Ghezzi, I, Barbuzzi, S, Gubelli, S, Giannuzzi, P, Mezzani, A, Graziano, G, Moccetti, T, Franzosi, Mg, Nicolosi, Gl, Geraci, E, Scherillo, M, Fabbri, G, Bartolomei, B, Bertoli, D, Cobelli, F, Fresco, C, Ledda, A, Levantesi, G, Rusconi, F, Sinagra, G, Turazza, F, and Volpi, A.
Subjects: Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Urinary system, Urine, Kidney, Excretion, Predictive Value of Tests, Internal medicine, Diabetes mellitus, medicine, Prevalence, Humans, Albuminuria, Heart failure, Microalbuminuria, Prognosis, Aged, Chronic Disease, Female, Heart Failure, Middle Aged, Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine, Risk factor, Intensive care medicine, business.industry, medicine.disease, medicine.symptom, business
Abstract: Background— Increased urinary excretion of albumin is an early sign of kidney damage and a risk factor for progressive cardiovascular and renal diseases and heart failure. There is, however, only limited information on the prevalence and prognostic role of urinary albumin excretion in patients with established chronic heart failure. Methods and Results— A total of 2131 patients enrolled in 76 sites participating in the GISSI-Heart Failure trial provided a first morning spot sample of urine at any of the clinical visits scheduled in the trial to calculate the urinary albumin-to-creatinine ratio. The relation between log-transformed urinary albumin-to-creatinine ratio and all-cause mortality (428 deaths, time from urine collection to event or censoring) was evaluated with Cox multivariable models adjusted for all significant risk factors at the time of urine collection, in the study population, and in patients without diabetes or hypertension. Almost 75% of the patients had normal urinary albumin excretion, but 19.9% had microalbuminuria (30 to 299 mg/g creatinine) and 5.4% had overt albuminuria (≥300 mg/g). There was a progressive, significant increase in the adjusted rate of mortality in the study population (hazard ratio, 1.12; 95% CI, 1.05 to 1.18 per 1-U increase of log(urinary albumin-to-creatinine ratio), P =0.0002) and in the subgroup of patients without diabetes or hypertension. Randomized treatments (n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids or rosuvastatin) had no major impact on albumin excretion. Conclusions— Independently of diabetes, hypertension, or renal function, elevated albumin excretion is a powerful prognostic marker in patients with chronic heart failure.
Published: 2010

11. Adaptation of aquatic insects to the current flow in streams

Author: Mazzucco, R., Nguyen, T.V., Kim, D., Chon, T.-S., Dieckmann, U., Mazzucco, R., Nguyen, T.V., Kim, D., Chon, T.-S., and Dieckmann, U.
Abstract: Water velocity is one of the most important abiotic factors influencing the survival of aquatic insects in rivers and streams. The unidirectional water flow shaping their habitat and characteristically dividing it into alternating zones of high and low water velocity (riffles and pools) also imposes on them the special necessity to adapt to continual downstream drift. Here, we analyze an individual-based eco-evolutionary model parameterized with field data, and show how species adapted to riffles and pools, respectively, emerge if three basic processes are considered: density-dependent local competition, drifting, and adult flight. We also find that evolutionary branching in velocity adaptation is accompanied by an differentiation of drifting behavior. Generally, individuals drift either frequently and for only a short duration, or infrequently and for a longer duration. While riffle and ool species each exhibit both drifting strategies, a third species that can stably establish at intermediate water velocities (runs) exhibit exclusively the former. As the run species is therefore particularly susceptible to drift loss, long-range adult flight turns out to be crucial for its persistence. These insights highlight the ability of process-based eco-evolutionary models to generate testable hypotheses and stimulate empirical research.
Published: 2015

12. Evolutionary branching in complex landscapes

Author: Haller, B.C., Mazzucco, R., and Dieckmann, U.
Abstract: Divergent adaptation to different environments can promote speciation, and it is thus important to consider spatial structure in models of speciation. Earlier theoretical work, however, has been limited to particularly simple types of spatial structure (linear environmental gradients and spatially discrete metapopulations), leaving unaddressed the effects of more realistic patterns of landscape heterogeneity, such as nonlinear gradients and spatially continuous patchiness. To elucidate the consequences of such complex landscapes, we adapt an established spatially explicit individual-based model of evolutionary branching. We show that branching is most probable at intermediate levels of various types of heterogeneity and that different types of heterogeneity have, to some extent, additive effects in promoting branching. In contrast to such additivity, we find a novel refugium effect in which refugia in hostile environments provide opportunities for colonization, thus increasing the probability of branching in patchy landscapes. Effects of patchiness depend on the scale of patches relative to dispersal. Providing a needed connection to empirical research on biodiversity and conservation policy, we introduce empirically accessible spatial environmental metrics that quantitatively predict a landscape's branching propensity.
Published: 2013

13. Abrupt community transitions and cyclic evolutionary dynamics in complex food webs

Author: Takahashi, D., Brännström, Å., Mazzucco, R., Yamauchi, A., and Dieckmann, U.
Abstract: Understanding the emergence and maintenance of biodiversity ranks among the most fundamental challenges in evolutionary ecology. While processes of community assembly have frequently been analyzed from an ecological perspective, their evolutionary dimensions have so far received less attention. To elucidate the eco-evolutionary processes underlying the long-term build-up and potential collapse of community diversity, here we develop and examine an individual-based model describing coevolutionary dynamics driven by trophic interactions and interference competition, of a pair of quantitative traits determining predator and prey niches. Our results demonstrate the (1) emergence of communities with 30 multiple trophic levels, shown here for the first time for stochastic models with linear functional responses, and A(2) intermittent and cyclic evolutionary transitions between two alternative community states. In particular, our results indicate that the interplay of ecological and evolutionary dynamics often results in extinction cascades that remove the entire trophic level of consumers from a community. Finally, we show the (3) robustness of our results under variations of model assumptions, underscoring that processes of consumer collapse and subsequent rebound could be important elements of understanding biodiversity dynamics in natural communities.
Published: 2013

14. Fish length exclusively determines sexual maturation in the European whitefish Coregonus lavaretu species complex

Author: Ficker, H., Mazzucco, R., Gassner, H., Wanzenboeck, J., and Dieckmann, U.
Abstract: The probability that a fish matures at a certain age and length (the so-called probabilistic maturation reaction norm, PMRN) was analysed for a European whitefish Coregonus lavaretus species complex population living in the Austrian pre-alpine Lake Irrsee. Fish length was found to be the only relevant determinant of maturation probability, and females matured at slightly smaller sizes than males.
Published: 2013

15. Post-zygotic reproductive isolation among populations of Iris atropurpurea: The effect of spatial distance among crosses and the role of inbreeding and outbreeding depression in determining niche width

Author: Sapir, Y. and Mazzucco, R.
Abstract: Question: What is the role of inbreeding and outbreeding depression in creating spatial patterns of reproductive isolation among populations within a species? Hypothesis: A combination of inbreeding and outbreeding effects create an optimal crossing distance at which reproductive isolation is minimal. Organism: 'Iris atropurpurea' Dinsm., an endangered and endemic Israeli plant, with a fragmented distriution throughout the coastal plain. Field sites: Two 'I. atropurpurea' populations, one in the Shafdan dunes, and one in the Netanya Iris Reserve, both ca. 19 km S or N (respectively) of Tel Aviv, on the coastal plain in Israel. Methods: We performed artificial cross-pollination within and between populations of 'I. atropurpurea' at various distances and measured seed germination and seedling survivorship. Results: Theoretical considerations led us to expect that inbreeding depression acts mostly at the small scale, and that higher offspring fitness is revealed at distances < 10 km. Results from the experiment showed that reproductive isolation acts differently in consequent stages of the hybrid life history. Pattern of total reproductive isolation among populations along a geographical axis showed different patterns in the two natural populations: while in the Netanya population no pattern appeared, in Shafdan we found a pattern of intermediate distance where reproductive isolation is the highest, and in short and long distances reproductive isolation relaxed.
Published: 2012

16. Species formation: the driver of biodiversity

Author: Mazzucco, R.
Published: 2012

17. Sexual selection enables long-term coexistence despite ecological equivalence

Author: M'Gonigle, L.K., Mazzucco, R., Otto, S.P., and Dieckmann, U.
Abstract: Empirical data indicate that sexual preferences are critical for maintaining species boundaries, yet theoretical work has suggested they can play only a minimal role in maintaining biodiversity on their own. This is because long-term coexistence within overlapping ranges is thought to be unlikely in the absence of ecological differentiation. Here we challenge this widely held view by generalizing a standard model of sexual selection to include two ubiquitous features of populations with sexual selection: spatial variation in local carrying capacity and mate-search costs in females. We show that, when these two features are combined, sexual preferences can single-handedly maintain coexistence, even when spatial variation in local carrying capacity is so slight that it might go unnoticed empirically. This is the first theoretical study to demonstrate that sexual selection alone can promote the long-term coexistence of ecologically equivalent species with overlapping ranges, and it thus provides a novel explanation for the maintenance of species diversity.
Published: 2012

18. The Evolution of Conditional Dispersal and Reproductive Isolation Along Environmental Gradients

Author: Payne, J.L., Mazzucco, R., and Dieckmann, U.
Abstract: Dispersal modulates gene flow throughout a population's spatial range. Gene flow affects adaptation at local spatial scales, and consequently impacts the evolution of reproductive isolation. A recent theoretical investigation has demonstrated that local adaptation along an environmental gradient, facilitated by the evolution of limited dispersal, can lead to parapatric speciation even in the absence of assortative mating. This and other studies assumed unconditional dispersal, so individuals start dispersing without regard to local environmental conditions. However, many species disperse conditionally their propensity to disperse is contingent upon environmental cues, such as the degree of local crowding or the availability of suitable mates. Here, we use an individual-based model in continuous space to investigate by numerical simulation the relationship between the evolution of threshold-based conditional dispersal and parapatric speciation driven by frequency-dependent competition along environmental gradients. We find that, as with unconditional dispersal, parapatric speciation occurs under a broad range of conditions when reproduction is asexual, and under a more restricted range of conditions when reproduction is sexual. In both the asexual and sexual cases, the evolution of conditional dispersal is strongly influenced by the slope of the environmental gradient: shallow environmental gradients result in low dispersal thresholds and high dispersal distances, while steep environmental gradients result in high dispersal thresholds and low dispersal distances. The later, however, remain higher than under unconditional dispersal, thus undermining isolation by distance, and hindering speciation in sexual populations. Consequently, the speciation of sexual population under conditional dispersal is triggered by a steeper gradient than under unconditional dispersal. Enhancing the disruptiveness of frequency-dependent selection, more box-shaped competition kernels dramatically lower the speciation-enabling slope of the environmental gradient.
Published: 2011

19. Invasion and Persistence of Infectious Agents in Fragmented Host Populations

Author: Jesse, M., Mazzucco, R., Dieckman, U., Heesterbeek, J.A.P., Metz, J.A.J., Strategic Infection Biology, Dep Gezondheidszorg Landbouwhuisdieren, Strategic Infection Biology, and Dep Gezondheidszorg Landbouwhuisdieren
Subjects: Persistence (psychology), Metapopulation Dynamics, Spatial Epidemiology, Epidemiology, Range (biology), Science, Population Dynamics, Population, Basic Reproduction Number, Metapopulation, Introduced species, Biology, Communicable Diseases, Models, Biological, Infectious Disease Epidemiology, Birds, Animals, Humans, Disease Dynamics, education, Epidemiological Methods, Demography, education.field_of_study, Multidisciplinary, Population Biology, Host (biology), Ecology, Emigration and Immigration, Homogeneous, Communicable Disease Control, Medicine, Introduced Species, Basic reproduction number, Algorithms, Research Article
Abstract: One of the important questions in understanding infectious diseases and their prevention and control is how infectious agents can invade and become endemic in a host population. A ubiquitous feature of natural populations is that they are spatially fragmented, resulting in relatively homogeneous local populations inhabiting patches connected by the migration of hosts. Such fragmented population structures are studied extensively with metapopulation models. Being able to define and calculate an indicator for the success of invasion and persistence of an infectious agent is essential for obtaining general qualitative insights into infection dynamics, for the comparison of prevention and control scenarios, and for quantitative insights into specific systems. For homogeneous populations, the basic reproduction ratio R(0) plays this role. For metapopulations, defining such an 'invasion indicator' is not straightforward. Some indicators have been defined for specific situations, e.g., the household reproduction number R*. However, these existing indicators often fail to account for host demography and especially host migration. Here we show how to calculate a more broadly applicable indicator R(m) for the invasion and persistence of infectious agents in a host metapopulation of equally connected patches, for a wide range of possible epidemiological models. A strong feature of our method is that it explicitly accounts for host demography and host migration. Using a simple compartmental system as an example, we illustrate how R(m) can be calculated and expressed in terms of the key determinants of epidemiological dynamics.
Published: 2011

20. Fish length exclusively determines sexual maturation in the European whitefish Coregonus lavaretus species complex

Author: Ficker, H., Mazzucco, R., Gassner, H., Wanzenboeck, J., Dieckmann, U., Ficker, H., Mazzucco, R., Gassner, H., Wanzenboeck, J., and Dieckmann, U.
Abstract: The probability that a fish matures at a certain age and length (the so-called probabilistic maturation reaction norm, PMRN) was analysed for a European whitefish Coregonus lavaretus species complex population living in the Austrian pre-alpine Lake Irrsee. Fish length was found to be the only relevant determinant of maturation probability, and females matured at slightly smaller sizes than males.
Published: 2014

21. Speciation and the evolution of dispersal along environmental gradients

Author: Heinz, S.K., Mazzucco, R., and Dieckmann, U.
Published: 2009

22. Wege der Mikroevolution und Artbildung bei Bienen (Apoidea, Hymenoptera): Populationsgenetische und empirische Aspekte

Author: Mazzucco, K. and Mazzucco, R.
Subjects: fungi
Abstract: Bees are haplodiploid organisms: haploid males develop from unfertilized eggs, diploid females from fertilized eggs. Under haplodiploidy, deleterious mutations are effectively purged by purifying selection on haploid males. Therefore, genetic load and inbreeding depression are low in bees, which allow them to exist in very small populations, and facilitate the colonization of new areas and habitats by single fertilized females. Exceptions caused by distinct modes of genetic sex-determination are discussed. Owing to the purifying selection and the higher rate of genetic drift in small populations, the genetic variation of bees is only one third of the variation of diploid insects. As a consequence, bees have less genetic adaptability to environmental change, for which they compensate by exhibiting higher learning ability and greater behavioural plasticity than many other insect taxa. Most bee species need specific microclimatic conditions to perform the proper flight behaviour to provision their nests with larval food. Energy flow and metabolic rates in flight muscles of bees are among the highest ever measured in animal tissue. The temperature dependence of the enzymes which drive the flight muscle metabolism is therefore of critical importance for the functioning of the system. Mutations which change the thermal tolerance range of one of those enzymes might lead to changing habitat requirements, and parapatric or allochronous population divergence. The fact that bees choose their nesting site very carefully already hints at the critical role, temperature and humidity ranges play for bee development. Experiments show a remarkable dependence of learning ability and behaviour on developmental temperatures. Evolutionary and ecological aspects of social behaviour, social and cleptoparasitism, and flower choice in bees are discussed. Possible paths of population divergence and speciation are pointed out. The reproduction rate of bees is closer to the rates of primates than to that of other insects. Compared to other insects, bees evolve only slowly.
Published: 2007

23. The integration of GL documents with a research information system on occupation safety and health

Author: Luzi, D. (CNR-IRPPS), Castriotta, M. (ISPESL), Manco, M. (LINK), Mazzucco, R. (LINK), GreyNet, Grey Literature Network Service, and GL6, New York (NY, US), 2004-12-06
Subjects: RIS-OSH, 05B - Information science, librarianship, CRIS, Research Information, Institutional Repositories
Abstract: The paper presents the results of a joint project between the Italian National Institute of Safety and Health at Work and the Italian National Research Council. It illustrates the choices and main features in the development of the RIS-OSH system (Research Information System on Occupational Safety and Health). This system has been developed giving particular attention to the organisational improvement of the production, collection, preservation and diffusion of institutionally generated information, emphasising the importance of the quality control of the information produced during the project lifecycle. The paper gives the description of the workflow, which outlines the interaction between the various actors involved in the process of supplying and diffusing results. Finally the integration of the RIS-OSH system with the GL database and the global system architecture are described. Includes: Conference preprint, Abstract and Biographical notes, Pratt student commentary XA International
Published: 2004

24. Fish length exclusively determines sexual maturation in the European whitefish Coregonus lavaretus species complex

Author: Ficker, H., primary, Mazzucco, R., additional, Gassner, H., additional, Wanzenböck, J., additional, and Dieckmann, U., additional
Published: 2014
Full Text: View/download PDF

25. Invasion and Persistence of Infectious Agents in Fragmented Host Populations

Author: Strategic Infection Biology, Dep Gezondheidszorg Landbouwhuisdieren, Jesse, M., Mazzucco, R., Dieckman, U., Heesterbeek, J.A.P., Metz, J.A.J., Strategic Infection Biology, Dep Gezondheidszorg Landbouwhuisdieren, Jesse, M., Mazzucco, R., Dieckman, U., Heesterbeek, J.A.P., and Metz, J.A.J.
Published: 2011

26. Cyclic transitions in simulated food-web evolution

Author: Takahashi, D., Brännström, Å., Mazzucco, R., Yamauchi, A., Dieckmann, U., Takahashi, D., Brännström, Å., Mazzucco, R., Yamauchi, A., and Dieckmann, U.
Abstract: Eco-evolutionary food-web models help elucidate the processes responsible for the emergence and maintenance of complex community structures. Using an individual-based model of evolving trophic and competitive interactions, we highlight a pattern of community macroevolution involving two meta-stable states, corresponding to a plant-herbivore community and a plant community, respectively. On the evolutionary timescale, our model exhibits cyclic transitions between these alternative community states. The model also helps understand the eco-evolutionary mechanisms underlying these recurrent rapid transitions, which end intermittent periods of near-stasis or punctuated equilibrium.
Published: 2011

27. THE MEAN CHARGE ON ELECTROSTATICALLY CLASSIFIED AEROSOL PARTICLES

Author: MAZZUCCO, R., primary and WAGNER, P.E., additional
Published: 2001
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28. Laser beam propagation in multiply scattering droplet aerosols — comparison of theoretical models and experimental data

Author: Szymanski, W.W., primary and Mazzucco, R., additional
Published: 1999
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29. Prognostic Impact of Diabetes and Prediabetes on Survival Outcomes in Patients With Chronic Heart Failure: A Post-Hoc Analysis of the GISSI-HF (Gruppo Italiano per lo Studio della Sopravvivenza nella Insufficienza Cardiaca-Heart Failure) Trial

Author: Marco Dauriz, Giovanni Targher, Pier Luigi Temporelli, Donata Lucci, Lucio Gonzini, Gian Luigi Nicolosi, Roberto Marchioli, Gianni Tognoni, Roberto Latini, Franco Cosmi, Luigi Tavazzi, Aldo Pietro Maggioni, Simona Barlera, Maria Grazia Franzosi, Aldo P. Maggioni, Maurizio Porcu, Salim Yusuf, Fulvio Camerini, Jay N. Cohn, Adriano Decarli, Bertram Pitt, Peter Sleight, Philip A. Poole‐Wilson, Enrico Geraci, Marino Scherillo, Gianna Fabbri, Barbara Bartolomei, Daniele Bertoli, Franco Cobelli, Claudio Fresco, Antonietta Ledda, Giacomo Levantesi, Cristina Opasich, Franco Rusconi, Gianfranco Sinagra, Fabio Turazza, Alberto Volpi, Martina Ceseri, Gianluca Alongi, Antonio Atzori, Filippo Bambi, Desiree Bastarolo, Francesca Bianchini, Iacopo Cangioli, Vittoriana Canu, Concetta Caporusso, Gabriele Cenni, Laura Cintelli, Michele Cocchio, Alessia Confente, Eva Fenicia, Giorgio Friso, Marco Gianfriddo, Gianluca Grilli, Beatrice Lazzaro, Giuseppe Lonardo, Alessia Luise, Rachele Nota, Mariaelena Orlando, Rosaria Petrolo, Chiara Pierattini, Valeria Pierota, Alessandro Provenzani, Velia Quartuccio, Anna Ragno, Chiara Serio, Alvise Spolaor, Arianna Tafi, Elisa Tellaroli, Stefano Ghio, Elisa Ghizzardi, Serge Masson, Lella Crociati, Maria Teresa La Rovere, Ugo Corrà, Andrea Finzi, Marco Gorini, Valentina Milani, Giampietro Orsini, Elisa Bianchini, Silvia Cabiddu, Ilaria Cangioli, Laura Cipressa, Maria Lucia Cipressa, Giuseppina Di Bitetto, Barbara Ferri, Luisa Galbiati, Andrea Lorimer, Carla Pera, Paola Priami, Antonella Vasamì, T. Moccetti, M.G. Rossi, E. Pasotti, F. Vaghi, P. Roncarolo, M.T. Zunino, F. Matta, E. Actis Perinetto, F. Gaita, G. Azzaro, M. Zanetta, A.M. Paino, U. Parravicini, D. Vegis, R. Conte, P. Ferraro, A. De Bernardi, S. Morelloni, M. Fagnani, P. Greco Lucchina, L. Montagna, E. Bellone, D. Sappè, F. Ferraro, M. Delucchi, S.G. Reynaud, M. Dore, A. La Brocca, N. Massobrio, L. Bo, R. Trinchero, M. Imazio, G. Brocchi, A. Nejrotti, L. Rissone, S. Gabasio, C. Zocchi, S. Randazzo, A. Crenna, P. Giannuzzi, E. Bonanomi, A. Mezzani, M. De Marchi, G. Begliuomini, C.A. Gianonatti, A. Gavazzi, A. Grosu, L. Dei Cas, S. Nodari, P. Garyfallidis, A. Bertoletti, C. Bonifazi, S. Arisi, F. Mascaro, M. Fraccarollo, S. Dell'Orto, M. Sfolcini, F. Bortolini, D. Raccagni, A. Turelli, M. Santarone, E. Miglierina, L. Sormani, R. Jemoli, F. Tettamanti, S. Pirelli, C. Bianchi, S. Verde, M. Mariani, V. Ziacchi, A. Ferrazza, A. Russo, M. Bortolotti, G.F. Pasini, A. Volpi, K.N. Jones, D. Cuzzucrea, G. Gullace, C. Carbone, A. Granata, S. De Servi, G. Del Rosso, C. Inserra, E. Renaldini, C. Zappa, M. Moretti, R. Zanini, M. Ferrari, E. Moroni, A. Cei, C. Lissi, E. Dovico, C. Fiorentini, P. Palermo, B. Brusoni, M. Negrini, J. Heyman, G.B. Danzi, A. Finzi, M. Frigerio, F. Turazza, L. Beretta, A. Sachero, F. Casazza, L. Squadroni, F. Lombardi, L. Marano, A. Margonato, G. Fragasso, O.C. Febo, E. Aiolfi, F. Olmetti, A. Grieco, V. Antonazzo, G. Specchia, A. Mortara, F. Robustelli, M.G. Songini, C. Schweiger, A. Frisinghelli, M. Palvarini, C. Campana, L. Scelsi, N. Ajmone Marsan, F. Cobelli, A. Gualco, C. Opasich, S. De Feo, R. Mazzucco, M.A. Iannone, T. Diaco, D. Zaniboni, G. Milanesi, D. Nassiacos, S. Meloni, P. Giani, T. Nicoli, C. Malinverni, A. Gusmini, L. Pozzoni, G. Bisiani, P. Margaroli, A. Schizzarotto, A. Daverio, G. Occhi, N. Partesana, P. Bandini, M.G. Rosella, S. Giustiniani, G. Cucchi, R. Pedretti, R. Raimondo, R. Vaninetti, A. Fedele, I. Ghezzi, E. Rezzonico, J.A. Salerno Uriarte, F. Morandi, F. Salvucci, C. Valenti, G. Graziano, M. Romanò, C. Cimminiello, I. Mangone, M. Lombardo, P. Quorso, G. Marinoni, M. Breghi, M. Erckert, A. Dienstl, G. Mirante Marini, C. Stefenelli, G. Cioffi, E. Buczkowska, A. Bonanome, F. Bazzanini, L. Parissenti, C. Serafini, G. Catania, L. Tarantini, G. Rigatelli, S. Boni, A. Pasini, E. Masini, A.A. Zampiero, M. Zanchetta, L. Franceschetto, P. Delise, C. Marcon, A. Sacchetta, L. Borgese, L. Artusi, P. Casolino, F. Corbara, A. Banzato, M. Barbiero, M.P. Aldegheri, R. Bazzucco, G. Crivellenti, A. Raviele, C. Zanella, P. Pascotto, P. Sarto, S. Milan, E. Barbieri, P. Girardi, W. Dalla Villa, J. Dalle Mule, M.L. Di Sipio, R. Cazzin, D. Milan, P. Zonzin, M. Carraro, R. Rossi, E. Carbonieri, I. Rossi, P. Stritoni, P. Meneghetti, G. Risica, P.L. Tenderini, C. Vassanelli, L. Zanolla, G. Perini, G. Brighetti, R. Chiozza, G. Giuliano, R. Gortan, R. Cesanelli, G.L. Nicolosi, R. Piazza, L. Mos, O. Vriz, D. Pavan, G. Pascottini, E. Alberti, M. Werren, L. Solinas, G. Sinagra, F. Longaro, P. Fioretti, M.C. Albanese, D. Miani, R. Gianrossi, A. Pende, P. Rubartelli, O. Magaia, S. Domenicucci, D. Caruso, A.S. Faraguti, L. Magliani, F. Miccoli, G. Guglielmino, D. Bertoli, A. Cantarelli, S. Orlandi, A. Vallebona, A. Pozzati, G. Brega, L.G. Pancaldi, R. Vandelli, S. Urbinati, M.G. Poci, M. Zoli, G.M. Costa, U. Guiducci, G. Zobbi, F. Tartagni, A. Tisselli, A. Gentili, P. Pieri, E. Cagnetta, S. Bendinelli, A. Barbieri, R. Conti, R. Ferrari, F. Merlini, A. Fucili, P. Moruzzi, E. Buia, M. Galvani, D. Ferrini, G. Baggioni, P. Yiannacopulu, G. Canè, A. Bonfiglioli, R. Zandomeneghi, L. Brugioni, A. Giannini, R. Di Ruvo, M. Giuliani, L. Rusconi, P. Del Corso, G. Piovaccari, F. Bologna, P. Venturi, F. Melandri, E. Bagni, L. Bolognese, R. Perticucci, A. Zuppiroli, M. Nannini, N. Consoli, P. Petrone, C. Pipitò, L. Colombi, D. Bernardi, P.R. Mariani, R. Testa, F. Mazzinghi, F. Cosmi, D. Cosmi, A. Zipoli, A. Cecchi, G. Castelli, M. Ciaccheri, F. Mori, F. Pieri, P. Valoti, D. Chiarantini, G.M. Santoro, C. Minneci, F. Marchi, M. Milli, G. Zambaldi, A.A. Brandinelli Geri, M. Cipriani, M. Alessandri, S. Severi, S. Stefanelli, A. Comella, R. Poddighe, A. Digiorgio, M. Carluccio, S. Berti, A. Rizza, V. Bonatti, V. Molendi, A. Brancato, N. D'Aprile, G. Giappichini, S. Del Vecchio, G. Mantini, F. De Tommasi, G. Meucci, M. Cordoni, S. Bechi, L. Barsotti, P. Baldini, M. Romei, G. Scopelliti, G. Lauri, F. Pestelli, F. Furiozzi, M. Cocchieri, D. Severini, F. Patriarchi, P. Chiocchi, M. Buccolieri, S. Martinelli, A. Wee, F. Angelici, M. Bernardinangeli, G. Proietti, B. Biscottini, R. Panciarola, L. Marinacci, G.P. Perna, D. Gabrielli, A. Moraca, L. Moretti, L. Partemi, G. Gregori, R. Amici, G. Patteri, P. Capone, E. Savini, G.L. Morgagni, L. Paccaloni, F. Pezzuoli, S. Carincola, S. Papi, S. De Crescentini, P. Gerardi, P. Midi, E. Gallenzi, G. Pajes, C. Mancone, V. Di Spirito, M. Di Gennaro, S. Calcagno, S. Toscano, S. Antonicoli, F. Carta, G. Giorgi, F. Comito, E. Daniele, O. Ciarla, P.G. Gelfo, A. Acquaviva, D. Testa, G. Testa, F.A. Pagliaro, F. Russo, F. Vetta, I. Marchese, G. Di Sciascio, A. D'Ambrosio, F. Leggio, D. Del Sindaco, A. Lacchè, A. Avallone, M.P. Risa, P. Azzolini, E. Baldo, E. Giovannini, G. Pulignano, C. Tondo, E. Picchio, E. ani, P. Tanzi, F. Pozzar, F. Farnetti, M. Azzarito, M. Santini, A. Varveri, G. Ferraiuolo, C. Valtorta, A. Gaspardone, G. Barbato, V. Ceci, N. Aspromonte, F. Bellocci, C. Colizzi, F. Fedele, F.I. Perez, A. Galati, A. Rossetti, A. Mainella, D. etta, C. Matteucci, G. Busi, A. De Angelis, G. Farina, A. Granatelli, F. Leone, F. Frasca, R. Di Giovambattista, G. Castellani, G. Massaro, G. Mastrogiuseppe, A. Vacri, F. De Sanctis, M. Cioli, S. Di Luzio, C. Napoletano, L.L. Piccioni, G. De Simone, A. Ottaviano, V. Mazza, C. Spedaliere, D. Staniscia, E. Calgione, G. De Marco, T. Chiacchio, T. Di Napoli, S. Romanzi, G. Salvatore, P. Golino, A. Palermo, F. Mascia, A. Vetrano, A. Vinciguerra, L. Caliendo, R. Longobardi, G. De Caro, R. Di Nola, F. Piemonte, D. Prinzi, P. De Rosa, V. De Rosa, F. Riello, V. Capuano, G. Vecchio, M. Landi, S. Amato, M. Garofalo, M. D'Avino, P. Sensale, O. Maiolica, R. Santoro, P. Caso, D. Miceli, N. Maurea, U. Bianchi, C. Crispo, M. Chiariello, P. Perrone Filardi, L. Russo, N. Capuano, G. Ungaro, G. Vergara, F. Scafuro, G. D'Angelo, C. Campaniello, P. Bottiglieri, A. Volpe, R. Battista, L. De Risi, G. Cardillo, G. Sibilio, A.P. Marino, F. Silvestri, P. Predotti, A. Iervoglini, C. De Matteis, P. Sarnicola, M.M. Matarazzo, S. Baldi, V. Iuliano, C. Astarita, P. Cuccaro, A. Liguori, G. Liguori, G. Gregorio, L. Petraglia, G. Antonelli, G. Amodio, I. De Luca, D. Traversa, G. Franchini, M.L. Lenti, D. Cavallari, C. D'Agostino, G. Scalera, C.M. Altamura, M. Russo, A.R. Mascolo, G. Pettinati, S.A. Ciricugno, D. Scrutinio, A. Passantino, D. Mastrangelo, A. Di Masi, R. De Carne, M. Cannone, F. Dibiase, M. Pensato, F. Loliva, F. Trapani, I. Panettieri, L. Leone, M. Di Biase, M. Carrone, V. Gallone, F. Cocco, M. Costantini, C. Tritto, F. Cavalieri, L. Stella, F. Magliari, M. Callerame, A. De Giorgi, L. Pellegrino, M. Correra, V. Portulano, G.L. Nisi, G. Grassi, E. Cristallo, D. De Laura, C. Salerno, R. Fanelli, M. Villella, S. Pede, A. Renna, E. De Lorenzi, L. Urso, V. Lenti, A. Peluso, N. Baldi, G. Polimeni, P. Palma, R. Lauletta, E. Tagliamonte, T. Cirillo, B. Silvestri, G. Centonze, B. D'Alessandro, L. Truncellito, D. Mecca, M.A. Petruzzi, R.O.M. Coviello, A. Lopizzo, M. telli, S. Barbuzzi, S. Gubelli, G. Germinario, N. Cosentino, A. Mingrone, R. Vico, G. Borrello, M.L. Mazza, R. Cimino, D. Galasso, F. Cassadonte, U. Talarico, F. Perticone, S. Cassano, F. Catapano, S. Calemme, E. Feraco, C. Cloro, G. Misuraca, R. Caporale, L. Vigna, V. Spagnuolo, F. De Rosa, G. Spadafora, G. Zampaglione, R. Russo, F.A. Schipani, A.F. Ferragina, D. Stranieri, G. Musca, C. Carpino, P. Bencardino, F. Raimondo, D. Musacchio, G. 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Blandino, M.S. Iudicello, E. Mossuti, G. Romano, L. Lombardo, P. Monastra, D. Di Vincenzo, M. Porcu, P. Orrù, F. Muscas, G. Giardina, M. Corda, G. Locci, A. Podda, M. Ledda, P. Siddi, C. Lai, G. Pili, G. Mercuro, G. Mureddu, A. Ganau, G. Meloni, G. Poddighe, G. Sanna, Dauriz, Marco, Targher, Giovanni, Temporelli, Pier Luigi, Lucci, Donata, Gonzini, Lucio, Nicolosi, Gian Luigi, Marchioli, Roberto, Tognoni, Gianni, Latini, Roberto, Cosmi, Franco, Tavazzi, Luigi, Maggioni, Aldo Pietro, on behalf of the GISSI-HF, Investigator, Margonato, Alberto, Moccetti, T., Rossi, M. G., Pasotti, E., Vaghi, F., Roncarolo, P., Zunino, M. T., Matta, F., Actis Perinetto, E., Gaita, F., Azzaro, G., Zanetta, M., Paino, A. M., Parravicini, U., Vegis, D., Conte, R., Ferraro, P., De Bernardi, A., Morelloni, S., Fagnani, M., Greco Lucchina, P., Montagna, L., Bellone, E., Sappè, D., Ferraro, F., Delucchi, M., Reynaud, S. G., Dore, M., La Brocca, A., Massobrio, N., Bo, L., Trinchero, R., Imazio, M., Brocchi, G., Nejrotti, A., Rissone, L., Gabasio, S., Zocchi, C., Randazzo, S., Crenna, A., Giannuzzi, P., Bonanomi, E., Mezzani, A., De Marchi, M., Begliuomini, G., Gianonatti, C. A., Gavazzi, A., Grosu, A., Dei Cas, L., Nodari, S., Garyfallidis, P., Bertoletti, A., Bonifazi, C., Arisi, S., Mascaro, F., Fraccarollo, M., Dell'Orto, S., Sfolcini, M., Bortolini, F., Raccagni, D., Turelli, A., Santarone, M., Miglierina, E., Sormani, L., Jemoli, R., Tettamanti, F., Pirelli, S., Bianchi, C., Verde, S., Mariani, M., Ziacchi, V., Ferrazza, A., Russo, A., Bortolotti, M., Pasini, G. F., Volpi, A., Jones, K. N., Cuzzucrea, D., Gullace, G., Carbone, C., Granata, A., De Servi, S., Del Rosso, G., Inserra, C., Renaldini, E., Zappa, C., Moretti, M., Zanini, R., Ferrari, M., Moroni, E., Cei, A., Lissi, C., Dovico, E., Fiorentini, C., Palermo, P., Brusoni, B., Negrini, M., Heyman, J., Danzi, G. 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L., Grassi, G., Cristallo, E., De Laura, D., Salerno, C., Fanelli, R., Villella, M., Pede, S., Renna, A., De Lorenzi, E., Urso, L., Lenti, V., Peluso, A., Baldi, N., Polimeni, G., Palma, P., Lauletta, R., Tagliamonte, E., Cirillo, T., Silvestri, B., Centonze, G., D'Alessandro, B., Truncellito, L., Mecca, D., Petruzzi, M. A., Coviello, R. O. M., Lopizzo, A., Chiaffitelli, M., Barbuzzi, S., Gubelli, S., Germinario, G., Cosentino, N., Mingrone, A., Vico, R., Borrello, G., Mazza, M. L., Cimino, R., Galasso, D., Cassadonte, F., Talarico, U., Perticone, F., Cassano, S., Catapano, F., Calemme, S., Feraco, E., Cloro, C., Misuraca, G., Caporale, R., Vigna, L., Spagnuolo, V., De Rosa, F., Spadafora, G., Zampaglione, G., Russo, R., Schipani, F. A., Ferragina, A. F., Stranieri, D., Musca, G., Carpino, C., Bencardino, P., Raimondo, F., Musacchio, D., Pulitanò, G., Ruggeri, A., Provenzano, A., Salituri, S., Musolino, M., Calandruccio, S., Marrari, A., Tripodi, E., Scali, R., Anastasio, L., Arone, A., Aragona, P., Donnangelo, L., Comito, M. G. A., Bilotta, F., Vaccaro, I., Rametta, R., Ventura, V., Bonvegna, A., Alì, A., Cinnirella, C., Raineri, M., Pompeo, F., Cascio Ingurgio, N., Carini, V., Coco, R., Giunta, G., Leonardi, G., Randazzo, V., Di Blasi, V., Tamburino, C., Russo, G., Mangiameli, S., Cardillo, R., Castelli, D., Inserra, V., Arena, A., Gulizia, M. M., Raciti, S., Rapisarda, G., Romano, R., Prestifilippo, P., Braschi, G. B., Ledda, G., Terrazzino, R., De Caro, M., Scilabra, G., Graffagnino, B., Grassi, R., Di Tano, G., Scimone, G. F., Vasquez, L., Coppolino, C., Casale, A., Castelli, M., D'Urso, G., D'Antonio, E., Lo Presti, L., Badalamenti, E., Conti, P., Sanfilippo, N., Cirrincione, V., Cinà, M. T., Cusimano, G., Taormina, A., Giuliano, P., Bajardi, A., Mandalà, V., Canonico, A., Geraci, G., Sabella, F. P., Enia, F., Floresta, A. M., Lo Cascio, I., Gumina, D., Cavallaro, A., Piccione, G., Ferrante, R., Blandino, M., Iudicello, M. S., Mossuti, E., Romano, G., Lombardo, L., Monastra, P., Di Vincenzo, D., Porcu, M., Orrù, P., Muscas, F., Giardina, G., Corda, M., Locci, G., Podda, A., Ledda, M., Siddi, P., Lai, C., Pili, G., Mercuro, G., Mureddu, G., Ganau, A., Meloni, G., Poddighe, G., Sanna, G., Barlera, Simona, Franzosi, Maria Grazia, Porcu, Maurizio, Yusuf, Salim, Camerini, Fulvio, Cohn, Jay N., Decarli, Adriano, Pitt, Bertram, Sleight, Peter, Poole-Wilson, Philip A., Geraci, Enrico, Scherillo, Marino, Fabbri, Gianna, Bartolomei, Barbara, Bertoli, Daniele, Cobelli, Franco, Fresco, Claudio, Ledda, Antonietta, Levantesi, Giacomo, Opasich, Cristina, Rusconi, Franco, Sinagra, Gianfranco, Turazza, Fabio, Volpi, Alberto, Ceseri, Martina, Alongi, Gianluca, Atzori, Antonio, Bambi, Filippo, Bastarolo, Desiree, Bianchini, Francesca, Cangioli, Iacopo, Canu, Vittoriana, Caporusso, Concetta, Cenni, Gabriele, Cintelli, Laura, Cocchio, Michele, Confente, Alessia, Fenicia, Eva, Friso, Giorgio, Gianfriddo, Marco, Grilli, Gianluca, Lazzaro, Beatrice, Lonardo, Giuseppe, Luise, Alessia, Nota, Rachele, Orlando, Mariaelena, Petrolo, Rosaria, Pierattini, Chiara, Pierota, Valeria, Provenzani, Alessandro, Quartuccio, Velia, Ragno, Anna, Serio, Chiara, Spolaor, Alvise, Tafi, Arianna, Tellaroli, Elisa, Ghio, Stefano, Ghizzardi, Elisa, Masson, Serge, Crociati, Lella, La Rovere, Maria Teresa, Corrà, Ugo, Di Giulio, Paola, Finzi, Andrea, Gorini, Marco, Milani, Valentina, Orsini, Giampietro, Bianchini, Elisa, Cabiddu, Silvia, Cangioli, Ilaria, Cipressa, Laura, Cipressa, Maria Lucia, Di Bitetto, Giuseppina, Ferri, Barbara, Galbiati, Luisa, Lorimer, Andrea, Pera, Carla, Priami, Paola, and Vasamì, Antonella
Subjects: Blood Glucose, Male, Glycated Hemoglobin A, heart failure, Kaplan-Meier Estimate, prediabetes, 030204 cardiovascular system & hematology, time factors, Settore MED/11, cause of death, 0302 clinical medicine, Glycemic control, prediabetic state, Cause of Death, italy, middle aged, Prevalence, 80 and over, double-blind method, blood glucose, risk factors, 030212 general & internal medicine, Prediabetes, Rosuvastatin Calcium, humans, rosuvastatin calcium, Cause of death, Original Research, Metabolic Syndrome, Aged, 80 and over, adult, Chronic heart failure, Diabetes mellitus, Heart failure, Mortality, Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine, Hazard ratio, chronic heart failure, diabetes mellitus, glycemic control, mortality, Treatment Outcome, Adolescent, Biomarkers, Chronic Disease, Diabetes Mellitus, Fatty Acids, Omega-3, Double-Blind Method, Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors, Hospitalization, Heart Failure, Italy, Prediabetic State, Risk Assessment, Proportional Hazards Models, Risk Factors, Time Factors, risk assessment, Middle Aged, kaplan-meier estimate, aged, female, Prediabete, young adult, Female, omega-3, Human, hospitalization, Adult, medicine.medical_specialty, Diabetes mellitu, proportional hazards models, Time Factor, hydroxymethylglutaryl-coa reductase inhibitors, prevalence, fatty acids, 03 medical and health sciences, Young Adult, male, Internal medicine, Post-hoc analysis, glycated hemoglobin a, medicine, Intensive care medicine, Aged, Glycated Hemoglobin, Proportional hazards model, business.industry, Risk Factor, biomarkers, Biomarker, medicine.disease, Clinical trial, adolescent, Proportional Hazards Model, treatment outcome, aged, 80 and over, chronic disease, fatty acids, omega-3, cardiology and cardiovascular medicine, Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitor, business
Abstract: Background The independent prognostic impact of diabetes mellitus ( DM ) and prediabetes mellitus (pre‐ DM ) on survival outcomes in patients with chronic heart failure has been investigated in observational registries and randomized, clinical trials, but the results have been often inconclusive or conflicting. We examined the independent prognostic impact of DM and pre‐ DM on survival outcomes in the GISSI ‐HF (Gruppo Italiano per lo Studio della Sopravvivenza nella Insufficienza Cardiaca‐Heart Failure) trial. Methods and Results We assessed the risk of all‐cause death and the composite of all‐cause death or cardiovascular hospitalization over a median follow‐up period of 3.9 years among the 6935 chronic heart failure participants of the GISSI ‐ HF trial, who were stratified by presence of DM (n=2852), pre‐ DM (n=2013), and non‐ DM (n=2070) at baseline. Compared with non‐ DM patients, those with DM had remarkably higher incidence rates of all‐cause death (34.5% versus 24.6%) and the composite end point (63.6% versus 54.7%). Conversely, both event rates were similar between non‐ DM patients and those with pre‐ DM . Cox regression analysis showed that DM , but not pre‐ DM , was associated with an increased risk of all‐cause death (adjusted hazard ratio, 1.43; 95% CI , 1.28–1.60) and of the composite end point (adjusted hazard ratio, 1.23; 95% CI , 1.13–1.32), independently of established risk factors. In the DM subgroup, higher hemoglobin A1c was also independently associated with increased risk of both study outcomes (all‐cause death: adjusted hazard ratio, 1.21; 95% CI , 1.02–1.43; and composite end point: adjusted hazard ratio, 1.14; 95% CI , 1.01–1.29, respectively). Conclusions Presence of DM was independently associated with poor long‐term survival outcomes in patients with chronic heart failure. Clinical Trial Registration URL : http://www.clinicaltrials.gov . Unique identifier: NCT 00336336.
Published: 2017
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30. Long-term gut microbiome dynamics in Drosophila melanogaster reveal environment-specific associations between bacterial taxa at the family level.

Author: Mazzucco R and Schlötterer C
Subjects: Animals, Bacteria genetics, Drosophila, Drosophila melanogaster microbiology, Genome, Humans, Gastrointestinal Microbiome, Microbiota
Abstract: The influence of the microbiome on its host is well-documented, but the interplay of its members is not yet well-understood. Even for simple microbiomes, the interaction among members of the microbiome is difficult to study. Longitudinal studies provide a promising approach to studying such interactions through the temporal covariation of different taxonomic units. By contrast to most longitudinal studies, which span only a single host generation, we here present a post hoc analysis of a whole-genome dataset of 81 samples that follows microbiome composition for up to 180 host generations, which cover nearly 10 years. The microbiome diversity remained rather stable in replicated Drosophila melanogaster populations exposed to two different temperature regimes. The composition changed, however, systematically across replicates of the two temperature regimes. Significant associations between families, mostly specific to one temperature regime, indicate functional interdependence of different microbiome components. These associations also involve moderately abundant families, which emphasizes their functional importance, and highlights the importance of looking beyond the common constituents of the Drosophila microbiome.
Published: 2021
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31. Long-Term Dynamics Among Wolbachia Strains During Thermal Adaptation of Their Drosophila melanogaster Hosts.

Author: Mazzucco R, Nolte V, Vijayan T, and Schlötterer C
Abstract: Climate change is a major evolutionary force triggering thermal adaptation in a broad range of species. While the consequences of global warming are being studied for an increasing number of species, limited attention has been given to the evolutionary dynamics of endosymbionts in response to climate change. Here, we address this question by studying the dynamics of Wolbachia , a well-studied endosymbiont of Drosophila melanogaster . D. melanogaster populations infected with 13 different Wolbachia strains were exposed to novel hot and cold laboratory environments for up to 180 generations. The short-term dynamics suggested a temperature-related fitness difference resulting in the increase of clade V strains in the cold environment only. Our long-term analysis now uncovers that clade V dominates in all replicates after generation 60 irrespective of temperature treatment. We propose that adaptation of the Drosophila host to either temperature or Drosophila C virus (DCV) infection are the cause of the replicated, temporally non-concordant Wolbachia dynamics. Our study provides an interesting case demonstrating that even simple, well-controlled experiments can result in complex, but repeatable evolutionary dynamics, thus providing a cautionary note on too simple interpretations on the impact of climate change., (Copyright © 2020 Mazzucco, Nolte, Vijayan and Schlötterer.)
Published: 2020
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32. DNA Motifs Are Not General Predictors of Recombination in Two Drosophila Sister Species.

Author: Howie JM, Mazzucco R, Taus T, Nolte V, and Schlötterer C
Subjects: Animals, Chromosomes, Insect, Female, Male, Drosophila melanogaster genetics, Drosophila simulans genetics, Nucleotide Motifs, Recombination, Genetic
Abstract: Meiotic recombination is crucial for chromosomal segregation and facilitates the spread of beneficial and removal of deleterious mutations. Recombination rates frequently vary along chromosomes and Drosophila melanogaster exhibits a remarkable pattern. Recombination rates gradually decrease toward centromeres and telomeres, with a dramatic impact on levels of variation in natural populations. Two close sister species, Drosophila simulans and Drosophila mauritiana do not only have higher recombination rates but also exhibit a much more homogeneous recombination rate that only drops sharply very close to centromeres and telomeres. Because certain sequence motifs are associated with recombination rate variation in D. melanogaster, we tested whether the difference in recombination landscape between D. melanogaster and D. simulans can be explained by the genomic distribution of recombination rate-associated sequence motifs. We constructed the first high-resolution recombination map for D. simulans based on 189 haplotypes from a natural D. simulans population and searched for short sequence motifs linked with higher than average recombination in both sister species. We identified five consensus motifs significantly associated with higher than average chromosome-wide recombination rates in at least one species and present in both. Testing fine resolution associations between motif density and recombination, we found strong and positive associations genome-wide over a range of scales in D. melanogaster, while the results were equivocal in D. simulans. Despite the strong association in D. melanogaster, we did not find a decreasing density of these short-repeat motifs toward centromeres and telomeres. We conclude that the density of recombination-associated repeat motifs cannot explain the large-scale recombination landscape in D. melanogaster, nor the differences to D. simulans. The strong association seen for the sequence motifs in D. melanogaster likely reflects their impact influencing local differences in recombination rates along the genome., (© The Author(s) 2019. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Society for Molecular Biology and Evolution.)
Published: 2019
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33. Epidemiological, evolutionary, and economic determinants of eradication tails.

Author: Mazzucco R, Dieckmann U, and Metz JA
Subjects: Models, Biological, Biological Evolution, Communicable Diseases economics, Communicable Diseases epidemiology, Disease Eradication economics, Disease Eradication statistics & numerical data
Abstract: Despite modern medical interventions, infectious diseases continue to generate huge socio-economic losses. The benefits of eradicating a disease are therefore high. While successful with smallpox and rinderpest, many other eradication attempts have failed. Eradications require huge and costly efforts, which can be sustained only if sufficient progress can be achieved. While initial successes are usually obtained more easily, progress often becomes harder as a disease becomes rare in the eradication endgame. A long eradication tail of slowly decreasing incidence levels can frustrate eradication efforts, as it becomes unclear whether progress toward eradication is still being made and how much more needs to be invested to push the targeted disease beyond its extinction threshold. Realistic disease dynamics are complicated by evolutionary responses to interventions and by interactions among different temporal and spatial scales. Models accounting for these complexities are required for understanding the shapes of eradication tails. In particular, such models allow predicting how hard or costly eradication will be, and may even inform in which manner progress has to be assessed during the eradication endgame. Here we outline a general procedure by analyzing the eradication tails of generic SIS diseases, taking into account two major ingredients of realistic complexity: a group-structured host population in which host contacts within groups are more likely than host contacts between groups, and virulence evolution subject to a trade-off between host infectivity within groups and host mobility among groups. Disentangling the epidemiological, evolutionary, and economic determinants of eradication tails, we show how tails of different shapes arise depending on salient model parameters and on how the extinction threshold is approached. We find that disease evolution generally extends the eradication tail and show how the cost structure of eradication measures plays a key role in shaping eradication tails., (Copyright © 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)
Published: 2016
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34. Abrupt community transitions and cyclic evolutionary dynamics in complex food webs.

Author: Takahashi D, Brännström Å, Mazzucco R, Yamauchi A, and Dieckmann U
Subjects: Models, Biological, Biological Evolution, Food Chain
Abstract: Understanding the emergence and maintenance of biodiversity ranks among the most fundamental challenges in evolutionary ecology. While processes of community assembly have frequently been analyzed from an ecological perspective, their evolutionary dimensions have so far received less attention. To elucidate the eco-evolutionary processes underlying the long-term build-up and potential collapse of community diversity, here we develop and examine an individual-based model describing coevolutionary dynamics driven by trophic interactions and interference competition, of a pair of quantitative traits determining predator and prey niches. Our results demonstrate the (1) emergence of communities with multiple trophic levels, shown here for the first time for stochastic models with linear functional responses, and (2) intermittent and cyclic evolutionary transitions between two alternative community states. In particular, our results indicate that the interplay of ecological and evolutionary dynamics often results in extinction cascades that remove the entire trophic level of consumers from a community. Finally, we show the (3) robustness of our results under variations of model assumptions, underscoring that processes of consumer collapse and subsequent rebound could be important elements of understanding biodiversity dynamics in natural communities., (© 2013 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)
Published: 2013
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35. Evolutionary branching in complex landscapes.

Author: Haller BC, Mazzucco R, and Dieckmann U
Subjects: Biodiversity, Conservation of Natural Resources, Biological Evolution, Ecology methods, Environment, Models, Biological
Abstract: Divergent adaptation to different environments can promote speciation, and it is thus important to consider spatial structure in models of speciation. Earlier theoretical work, however, has been limited to particularly simple types of spatial structure (linear environmental gradients and spatially discrete metapopulations), leaving unaddressed the effects of more realistic patterns of landscape heterogeneity, such as nonlinear gradients and spatially continuous patchiness. To elucidate the consequences of such complex landscapes, we adapt an established spatially explicit individual-based model of evolutionary branching. We show that branching is most probable at intermediate levels of various types of heterogeneity and that different types of heterogeneity have, to some extent, additive effects in promoting branching. In contrast to such additivity, we find a novel refugium effect in which refugia in hostile environments provide opportunities for colonization, thus increasing the probability of branching in patchy landscapes. Effects of patchiness depend on the scale of patches relative to dispersal. Providing a needed connection to empirical research on biodiversity and conservation policy, we introduce empirically accessible spatial environmental metrics that quantitatively predict a landscape's branching propensity.
Published: 2013
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36. Sexual selection enables long-term coexistence despite ecological equivalence.

Author: M'Gonigle LK, Mazzucco R, Otto SP, and Dieckmann U
Subjects: Alleles, Animals, Cichlids genetics, Female, Male, Models, Biological, Species Specificity, Time Factors, Biodiversity, Cichlids physiology, Lakes, Mating Preference, Animal physiology
Abstract: Empirical data indicate that sexual preferences are critical for maintaining species boundaries, yet theoretical work has suggested that, on their own, they can have only a minimal role in maintaining biodiversity. This is because long-term coexistence within overlapping ranges is thought to be unlikely in the absence of ecological differentiation. Here we challenge this widely held view by generalizing a standard model of sexual selection to include two ubiquitous features of populations with sexual selection: spatial variation in local carrying capacity, and mate-search costs in females. We show that, when these two features are combined, sexual preferences can single-handedly maintain coexistence, even when spatial variation in local carrying capacity is so slight that it might go unnoticed empirically. This theoretical study demonstrates that sexual selection alone can promote the long-term coexistence of ecologically equivalent species with overlapping ranges, and it thus provides a novel explanation for the maintenance of species diversity.
Published: 2012
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37. The evolution of conditional dispersal and reproductive isolation along environmental gradients.

Author: Payne JL, Mazzucco R, and Dieckmann U
Subjects: Animals, Models, Biological, Normal Distribution, Phenotype, Reproduction, Asexual physiology, Sexual Behavior, Animal, Animal Migration physiology, Biological Evolution, Environment, Reproduction physiology
Abstract: Dispersal modulates gene flow throughout a population's spatial range. Gene flow affects adaptation at local spatial scales, and consequently impacts the evolution of reproductive isolation. A recent theoretical investigation has demonstrated that local adaptation along an environmental gradient, facilitated by the evolution of limited dispersal, can lead to parapatric speciation even in the absence of assortative mating. This and other studies assumed unconditional dispersal, so individuals start dispersing without regard to local environmental conditions. However, many species disperse conditionally; their propensity to disperse is contingent upon environmental cues, such as the degree of local crowding or the availability of suitable mates. Here, we use an individual-based model in continuous space to investigate by numerical simulation the relationship between the evolution of threshold-based conditional dispersal and parapatric speciation driven by frequency-dependent competition along environmental gradients. We find that, as with unconditional dispersal, parapatric speciation occurs under a broad range of conditions when reproduction is asexual, and under a more restricted range of conditions when reproduction is sexual. In both the asexual and sexual cases, the evolution of conditional dispersal is strongly influenced by the slope of the environmental gradient: shallow environmental gradients result in low dispersal thresholds and high dispersal distances, while steep environmental gradients result in high dispersal thresholds and low dispersal distances. The latter, however, remain higher than under unconditional dispersal, thus undermining isolation by distance, and hindering speciation in sexual populations. Consequently, the speciation of sexual populations under conditional dispersal is triggered by a steeper gradient than under unconditional dispersal. Enhancing the disruptiveness of frequency-dependent selection, more box-shaped competition kernels dramatically lower the speciation-enabling slope of the environmental gradient., (Copyright © 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)
Published: 2011
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38. Invasion and persistence of infectious agents in fragmented host populations.

Author: Jesse M, Mazzucco R, Dieckmann U, Heesterbeek H, and Metz JA
Subjects: Algorithms, Animals, Basic Reproduction Number, Birds, Demography, Emigration and Immigration, Humans, Introduced Species, Models, Biological, Communicable Disease Control, Communicable Diseases transmission, Population Dynamics
Abstract: One of the important questions in understanding infectious diseases and their prevention and control is how infectious agents can invade and become endemic in a host population. A ubiquitous feature of natural populations is that they are spatially fragmented, resulting in relatively homogeneous local populations inhabiting patches connected by the migration of hosts. Such fragmented population structures are studied extensively with metapopulation models. Being able to define and calculate an indicator for the success of invasion and persistence of an infectious agent is essential for obtaining general qualitative insights into infection dynamics, for the comparison of prevention and control scenarios, and for quantitative insights into specific systems. For homogeneous populations, the basic reproduction ratio R(0) plays this role. For metapopulations, defining such an 'invasion indicator' is not straightforward. Some indicators have been defined for specific situations, e.g., the household reproduction number R*. However, these existing indicators often fail to account for host demography and especially host migration. Here we show how to calculate a more broadly applicable indicator R(m) for the invasion and persistence of infectious agents in a host metapopulation of equally connected patches, for a wide range of possible epidemiological models. A strong feature of our method is that it explicitly accounts for host demography and host migration. Using a simple compartmental system as an example, we illustrate how R(m) can be calculated and expressed in terms of the key determinants of epidemiological dynamics.
Published: 2011
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39. Coronary flow velocity pattern assessed by transthoracic Doppler echocardiography predicts adverse clinical events and myocardial recovery after successful primary angioplasty.

Author: Agostini F, Iannone MA, Mazzucco R, Cionini F, Baccaglioni N, Lettieri C, Belfanti D, Tomasi L, Izzo A, Ferrari MR, Brunazzi MC, and Zanini R
Subjects: Aged, Blood Flow Velocity, Cohort Studies, Coronary Angiography methods, Coronary Circulation physiology, Echocardiography, Doppler, Electrocardiography, Emergency Treatment, Female, Follow-Up Studies, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Myocardial Infarction diagnostic imaging, Myocardial Infarction mortality, Myocardial Reperfusion Injury physiopathology, Predictive Value of Tests, Probability, Reproducibility of Results, Risk Assessment, Severity of Illness Index, Survival Rate, Treatment Outcome, Angioplasty, Balloon, Coronary methods, Coronary Vessels diagnostic imaging, Echocardiography, Myocardial Infarction therapy, Myocardial Reperfusion Injury diagnostic imaging
Abstract: Background: Doppler guidewire studies demonstrated that specific velocity patterns in the left anterior descending coronary artery (LAD) after primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) predict myocardial recovery and clinical outcome. The present study assessed whether similar results can be achieved by transthoracic Doppler echocardiography (TTDE)., Methods: Coronary flow velocities of LAD were evaluated by TTDE in 35 consecutive patients with anterior acute myocardial infarction who were treated with successful primary PCI plus stenting, performed within 6 h after the onset of symptoms or within 6-12 h if there was evidence of continuing ischaemia. Coronary-flow velocity of the LAD was achieved after 12 h and within 48 h after the PCI; TTDE standard examination was repeated after 2 months of follow-up., Results: Three patterns were found: (i) 'pattern A' with good antegrade systolic flow and slow diastolic deceleration rate (63.7%); (ii) 'pattern B' with reduced or absent systolic flow and rapid diastolic deceleration rate (9.1%); and (iii) 'pattern C' with protosystolic retrograde flow and rapid diastolic deceleration rate (27.2%). The clinical characteristics and echocardiographic data were compared: wall-motion-score-index (WMSI), ejection fraction, end-diastolic volume (EDV) after PCI (T1) and after 2 months (T2). Patients with pattern A demonstrated recovery of contractile function (WMSI-T1 1.48 + or - 0.42/WMSI-T2 1.29 + or - 0.29, P < 0.05) and better clinical outcome; patients with patterns B and C ran into ventricular remodelling (EDV-T1 89 + or - 6.3 ml/EDV-T2 123 + or - 25 ml, P = 0.002) and more early and late complications., Conclusions: TTDE is a reliable method to achieve coronary flow velocities in LAD after an anterior acute myocardial infarction and it could be useful to evaluate no-reflow phenomenon at bedside and thus clinical outcome.
Published: 2006
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