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4. Coupled U–Pb and 40Ar/39Ar chronology of late‐stage intrusions at Elba Island (Italy) supports late Miocene long‐lived magma reservoirs in the Tyrrhenian upper crust.

Author

Mazzarini, F., Bracciali, L., Musumeci, G., Wijbrans, J. R., Kuiper, K., and Horstwood, M. S. A.

Subjects
*MUSCOVITE, *MIOCENE Epoch, *MAGMAS, *ISLANDS, *ZIRCON, *IGNEOUS intrusions
Abstract

The late Miocene Monte Capanne and Porto Azzurro plutons are investigated by means of coupled U–Pb zircon and 40Ar/39Ar white mica dating to test the occurrence of long‐lived magmatic systems in the upper crust. Zircon crystallized for >1 Ma in both plutonic systems, with supersolidus conditions overlapping for ~220 ka indicating previously unrecognized co‐existence of the two reservoirs. The development of the Porto Azzurro high T‐aureole is post‐dated by continuous igneous zircon crystallization until ~6.0 Ma. By linking crystallization to post‐emplacement cooling of late‐stage pulses in both western and eastern Elba we constrain long‐lived sizeable reservoirs (possibly the same reservoir) in the Tyrrhenian upper crust between ~8 and 6 Ma. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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10. METERON Analog-1: A Touch Remote

Author

Carey, William, Krueger, Thomas, Wedler, Armin, Wormnes, Kjetil, Grenouilleau, Jessica, Ferreira, Edmundo, Nergaard, Kim, van der Hulst, Frank, den Exter, Emiel, Gerdes, Levin, Gherghescu, Andrei, Hann, Lukas, Rossi, A.P., Pozzobon, Riccardo, Sauro, F., Graber, Thorsten, Pereira, Aaron, Payler, Samuel, Luzzi, Erica, Massironi, Matteo, Martin, Sebastian, Schoonejans, Philippe, Kapellos, konstaninis, Merlo, A., Schröder, Susanne, Ehreiser, Anouk, Schmitz, Nicole, Seel, Fabian, Paar, Gerhard, Suarez, J. Carlos, Nodjoumi, Giacomo, Stephan, Katrin, Canterero, Massimo, De Beni, Emanuela, Branca, Stefano, and Mazzarini, F.

Subjects
Etna, Rover, space, exploration, planetary, METERON, Robotic
Published
2022

11. Rheological and Mechanical Layering of the Crust Underneath Thumbprint Terrains in Arcadia Planitia, Mars

Author

De Toffoli, B, Massironi, M, Mazzarini, F, Bistacchi, A, De Toffoli, B., Massironi, M., Mazzarini, F., Bistacchi, A., De Toffoli, B, Massironi, M, Mazzarini, F, Bistacchi, A, De Toffoli, B., Massironi, M., Mazzarini, F., and Bistacchi, A.

Abstract

In the area of Arcadia Planitia in the Northern hemisphere of Mars, mounds indicating fluid and sediment emissions have been already recognized. Here, we show that through fractal and fracture-spacing analyses of a large vent population it is possible to infer the mechanical layering of the underlying subsurface. Our work includes the mapping of an entire population of 9,028 vents over an area of 122,000 km2. The analysis of mound distribution at the surface led to the formulation of inferences about the subsurface feeding conduits, and to the identification of three mechanical discontinuities at c. 4–5, c. 14–23, and c. 50–55 km. This evidence matches the mechanical stratigraphy recorded by the InSight NASA mission, and is in agreement with independent previous subsurface global modeling, supporting our conclusions.

Published
2021

13. Revealing Venus Interior from Coronae Analysis

Author

De Toffoli, B., Mazzarini, F., Plesa, Ana-Catalina, Vaujour, Thomas, Breuer, Doris, and Hauber, Ernst

Subjects
Lithosphere, Mantle viscosity, Coronae, Venus
Abstract

Rifting and rises are prominent landscape features in the roughly triangular area characterized by the presence of three major rises (Atla, Beta and Themis) and two corona-dominated long chasmata (Hecate and Parga). The coronae population associated with these chasmata represents 35% of all Venusian coronae and 56% of coronae associated with fracture zones (Smrekar et al., 2010). We focused on the spatial analysis of the coronae population associated with Parga chasma for identifying the depth of the main thermal anomaly that fed (and maybe still feeds) them.We explore a formation mechanism for coronae based on the Rayleigh–Taylor (R-T) gravitational instability (Tackley and Stevenson, 1991) of the lithosphere that may occur when a layer of dense fluid overlies a layer of less dense fluid. The R-T gravitational instability theory can be used to draw a relationship between the spacing of volcanic structures and edifices at the surface and the depth of the source of instability beneath the volcanic fields (i.e. the lithosphere-asthenosphere boundary depth where partial melting is initiated and starts the vertical upwelling of material). We performed the analyses both on the entire population and on two sub-groups obtained from automatic clustering based on point spacing analysis. Overall, the results obtained from the analysis of the entire population can be considered a global average while the information extracted from the analyses of the two clusters are to be interpreted as end members. Hence, the lithosphere-asthenosphere boundary depth results to be located at 117 ± 10 km underneath Parga.Additionally, we ran geodynamical models using a variable thermal conductivity and expansivity, and reference viscosities between 1e20 and 1e22 Pa s. These models use an extrusive to intrusive magmatism ratio of 0.1, a typical terrestrial value (Crisp et al., 1984). The intrusive melt is assumed to stall at the base of the crust (~20 km depth; James et al., 2013), since the latter represents a density barrier. According to these models, a mantle reference viscosity of 1e20 Pa s is best compatible with the geologically inferred lithosphere thickness as well as a thin mechanical thickness as suggested by elastic thickness estimates (e.g., O’Rourke & Smrekar 2018).As future missions will return higher resolution imagery and topographical information, we suggest the area of Parga chasma as a region of high interest for future data acquisitions. In fact, more detailed data can allow the observation of stratigraphic relationships between rises, rifts, coronae, and volcanoes in order to reconstruct the event sequences. By means of R-T analysis and similar techniques, we would thus be able to refine current analyses and perform more detailed estimates from smaller volcanic features and obtain more precise information about magma reservoir distribution in the subsurface.

Published
2022

16. New chronological constraints from hypogean deposits for late Pliocene to Recent morphotectonic history of the Alpi Apuane (NW Tuscany, Italy)

Author

Isola I.[1, Mazzarini F.[1], Molli G.[3], Piccini L.[4], Zanella E.[5], Zanchetta G.[3], Drysdale R.[6], Hellstrom J.[7], Woodhead J.[7], Roncioni A.[8], Milazzo F.[9], Pieruccioni D.[10], and Regattieri E.[2]

Subjects
010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Alpi Apuane, Corchia Cave, Geochronology, Karst, Magnetostratigraphy, Geochemistry, Fluvial, Speleothem, 010502 geochemistry & geophysics, geochronology, karst, magnetostratigraphy, 01 natural sciences, Tectonic uplift, Cave, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, geography, geography.geographical_feature_category, lcsh:QE1-996.5, lcsh:Geology, General Earth and Planetary Sciences, Radiometric dating, Sedimentary rock, Geology
Abstract

A sedimentary sequence of fluvial deposits preserved in the Corchia Cave (Alpi Apuane) provides new chronological constraints for the evolution of the cave system and the timing and rate of uplift of this sector of the Alpi Apuane since the late Pliocene. Supported by magnetostratigraphic analysis performed on fine-grained fluvial deposits, and by radiometric dating of speleothems, we suggest that the deposition of fluvial sediments occurred between ~1.6–1.2 Ma. This implies that the host volume of rock was already located close to the local base level, adding key information about the recent tectonic evolution of the Alpi Apuane. A few before ~1 Ma, an erosive phase occurred due to the base-level lowering, followed by continuous speleothem deposition since at least 0.97 Ma. From that time, Monte Corchia uplifted at a maximum rate of ~0.5 mm/year, which is consistent with isostatic uplift mainly driven by erosional unloading. The petrographical study of the fluvial deposits highlights the presence of material derived from the erosion of rocks that today are absent in the cave’s catchment area, suggesting a different surface morphology during the Early Pleistocene. This study highlights the potential of cave sediments as archives for reconstructing the uplift history of mountain ranges.

Published
2021

18. New Chronological Constraints from Hypogean Deposits for Late Pliocene to Recent Morphotectonic History of the Alpi Apuane (NW Tuscany, Italy)

Author

Isola, I, Mazzarini, F, Molli, G, Piccini, L, Zanella, E, Zanchetta, G, Drysdale, R, Hellstrom, J, Woodhead, J, Roncioni, A, Milazzo, F, Pieruccioni, D, Regattieri, E, Isola, I, Mazzarini, F, Molli, G, Piccini, L, Zanella, E, Zanchetta, G, Drysdale, R, Hellstrom, J, Woodhead, J, Roncioni, A, Milazzo, F, Pieruccioni, D, and Regattieri, E

Abstract

A sedimentary sequence of fluvial deposits preserved in the Corchia Cave (Alpi Apuane) provides new chronological constraints for the evolution of the cave system and the timing and rate of uplift of this sector of the Alpi Apuane since the late Pliocene. Supported by magnetostratigraphic analysis performed on fine-grained fluvial deposits, and by radiometric dating of speleothems, we suggest that the deposition of fluvial sediments occurred between ~1.6–1.2 Ma. This implies that the host volume of rock was already located close to the local base level, adding key information about the recent tectonic evolution of the Alpi Apuane. A few before ~1 Ma, an erosive phase occurred due to the base-level lowering, followed by continuous speleothem deposition since at least 0.97 Ma. From that time, Monte Corchia uplifted at a maximum rate of ~0.5 mm/year, which is consistent with isostatic uplift mainly driven by erosional unloading. The petrographical study of the fluvial deposits highlights the presence of material derived from the erosion of rocks that today are absent in the cave’s catchment area, suggesting a different surface morphology during the Early Pleistocene. This study highlights the potential of cave sediments as archives for reconstructing the uplift history of mountain ranges.

Published
2021

20. Coda-Q in the 2.5-20 s period band from seismic noise : application to the greater Alpine area

Author

Soergel, D., Pedersen, H. A., Stehly, L., Margerin, L., Paul, A., Hetenyi, G., Abreu, R., Allegretti, I., Apoloner, M. T., Aubert, C., De Berc, M. B., Bokelmann, G., Brunel, D., Capello, M., Carman, M., Cavaliere, A., Cheze, J., Chiarabba, C., Clinton, J., Cougoulat, G., Crawford, W., Cristiano, L., Czifra, T., D'Alema, E., Danesi, S., Daniel, R., Dasovic, I., Deschamps, A., Dessa, J. X., Doubre, C., Egdorf, S., Fiket, T., Fischer, K., Friederich, W., Fuchs, F., Funke, S., Giardini, D., Govoni, A., Graczer, Z., Groschl, G., Heimers, S., Heit, B., Herak, D., Herak, M., Huber, J., Jaric, D., Jedlicka, P., Jia, Y., Jund, H., Kissling, E., Klingen, S., Klotz, B., Kolinsky, P., Korn, M., Kotek, J., Kuhne, L., Kuk, K., Loos, J., Malengros, D., Margheriti, L., Maron, C., Martin, X., Massa, M., Mazzarini, F., Meier, T., Metral, L., Molinari, I., Moretti, M., Munzarova, H., Nardi, A., Pahor, J., Pequegnat, C., Pesaresi, D., Piccinini, D., Piromallo, C., Plenefisch, T., Plomerova, J., Pondrelli, S., Prevolnik, S., Racine, R., Régnier, Marc, Reiss, M., Ritter, J., Rumpker, G., Salimbeni, S., Schulte-Kortnack, D., Scherer, W., Schippkus, S., Sipka, V., Spallarossa, D., Spieker, K., Stipcevic, J., Strollo, A., Sule, B., Szanyi, G., Szucs, E., Thomas, C., Tilmann, F., Ueding, S., Vallocchia, M., Vecsey, L., Voigt, R., Wassermann, J., Weber, Z., Weidle, C., Wesztergom, V., Weyland, G., Wiemer, S., Wolyniec, D., Zieke, T., Zivvic, M., and AlpArray Working Group

Subjects
Europe, surface waves and free oscillations, Coda waves, seismic attenuation, seismic noise, wave scattering and diffraction
Abstract

Coda-Q is used to estimate the attenuation and scattering properties of the Earth. So far focus has been on earthquake data at frequencies above 1 Hz, as the high noise level in the first and second microseismic peak, and possibly lower scattering coefficient, hinder stable measurements at lower frequencies. In this work, we measure and map coda-Q in the period bands 2.5-5 s, 5-10 s and 10-20 s in the greater Alpine region using noise cross-correlations between station pairs, based on data from permanent seismic stations and from the temporary AlpArray experiment. The observed coda-Q for short interstation distances is independent of azimuth so there is no indication of influence of the directivity of the incoming noise field on our measurements. In the 2.5-5 s and 5-10 s period bands, our measurements are self-consistent, and we observe stable geographic patterns of low and high coda-Q in the period bands 2.5-5 s and 5-10 s. In the period band 10-20 s, the dispersion of our measurements increases and geographic patterns become speculative. The coda-Q maps show that major features are observed with high resolution, with a very good geographical resolution of for example low coda-Q in the Po Plain. There is a sharp contrast between the Po Plain and the Alps and Apennines where coda-Q is high, with the exception a small area in the Swiss Alps which may be contaminated by the low coda-Q of the Po Plain. The coda of the correlations is too short to make independent measurements at different times within the coda, so we cannot distinguish between intrinsic and scattering Q. Measurements on more severely selected data sets and longer time-series result in identical geographical patterns but lower numerical values. Therefore, high coda-Q values may be overestimated, but the geographic distribution between high and low coda-Q areas is respected. Our results demonstrate that noise correlations are a promising tool for extending coda-Q measurements to frequencies lower than those analysed with earthquake data.

Published
2020

21. Magma emplacement in a thrust ramp anticline: the Gavorrano Granite (northern Apennines, Italy)

Author

Musumeci, G., Mazzarini, F., Corti, G., Barsella, M., and Montanari, D.

Subjects
Magma -- Environmental aspects, Earth -- Crust, Earth -- Environmental aspects, Earth sciences
Abstract

[1] Magma emplacement in the upper crust is often associated with crustal extension, whereby space for intrusions is made by dilation along transtensive and strike-slip faults. The lenticular shape of several intrusions indicates that a further mechanism for magma intrusion is laccolith emplacement with roof uplift of the overburden. Additionally, melts exploit rheological discontinuities (e.g., sedimentary layering) during their ascent. We present an emplacement model for intrusion of the shallow level Gavorrano Granite (northern Apennine, Italy), which is located at the core of an open anticline. The shape of the intrusion and structural features of the host rocks are indicative of a synkinematic emplacement in a growing thrust anticline. Space was provided by the opening of dilatation zones at the core of anticline as a consequence of different amounts of translation between hanging wall and footwall units which were separated by evaporitic rocks. These evaporitic units acted as major decollement layers. Analog models provide results in good agreement with the structural setting of the anticline and emphasize the possibility that melts filled the dilatation zone, with the decollement layers further facilitating intrusion. Citation: Musumeci, G., F. Mazzarini, G. Corti, M. Barsella, and D. Montanari (2005), Magma emplacement in a thrust ramp anticline: The Gavorrano Granite (northern Apennines, Italy), Tectonics, 24, TC6009, doi:10.1029/2005TC001801.

Published
2005

23. A database of the coseismic effects following the 30 October 2016 Norcia earthquake in Central Italy

Author

Villani, Fabio, Civico, Riccardo, Pucci, Stefano, Pizzimenti, Luca, Nappi, Rosa, De Martini, Paolo Marco, Agosta, F., Alessio, G., Alfonsi, L., Amanti, M., Amoroso, S., Aringoli, D., Auciello, E., Azzaro, R., Baize, S., Bello, S., Benedetti, L., Bertagnini, A., Binda, G., Bisson, M., Blumetti, A.M., Bonadeo, L., Boncio, P., Bornemann, P., Branca, S., Braun, T., Brozzetti, F., Brunori, C.A., Burrato, P., Caciagli, M., Campobasso, C., Carafa, M., Cinti, F.R., Cirillo, D., Comerci, V., Cucci, L., De Ritis, R., Deiana, G., Del Carlo, P., Del Rio, L., Delorme, A., Di Manna, P., Di Naccio, D., Falconi, L., Falcucci, E., Farabollini, P., Faure Walker, J.P., Ferrarini, F., Ferrario, M.F., Ferry, M., Feuillet, N., Fleury, J., Fracassi, U., Frigerio, C., Galluzzo, F., Gambillara, R., Gaudiosi, G., Goodall, H., Gori, S., Gregory, L.C., Guerrieri, L., Hailemikael, S., Hollingsworth, J., Iezzi, F., Invernizzi, C., Jablonská, D., Jacques, E., Jomard, H., Kastelic, V., Klinger, Y., Lavecchia, G., Leclerc, F., Liberi, F., Lisi, A., Livio, F., Lo Sardo, L., Malet, J.P., Mariucci, M.T., Materazzi, M., Maubant, L., Mazzarini, F., McCaffrey, K.J.W., Michetti, A.M., Mildon, Z.K., Montone, P., Moro, M., Nave, R., Odin, M., Pace, B., Paggi, S., Pagliuca, N., Pambianchi, G., Pantosti, D., Patera, A., Pérouse, E., Pezzo, G., Piccardi, L., Pierantoni, P.P., Pignone, M., Pinzi, S., Pistolesi, E., Point, J., Pousse, L., Pozzi, A., Proposito, M., Puglisi, C., Puliti, I., Ricci, T., Ripamonti, L., Rizza, M., Roberts, G.P., Roncoroni, M., Sapia, V., Saroli, M., Sciarra, A., Scotti, O., Skupinski, G., Smedile, A., Soquet, A., Tarabusi, G., Tarquini, S., Terrana, S., Tesson, J., Tondi, E., Valentini, A., Vallone, R., Van der Woerd, J., Vannoli, P., Venuti, A., Vittori, E., Volatili, T., Wedmore, L.N.J., Wilkinson, M., Zambrano, M., Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia - Sezione di Roma (INGV), Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia - Sezione di Palermo (INGV), Istituto sull’Inquinamento Atmosferico (CNR-IIA), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Institut de Radioprotection et de Sûreté Nucléaire (IRSN), Università degli studi 'G. d'Annunzio' Chieti-Pescara [Chieti-Pescara] (Ud'A), Laboratoire Image, Ville, Environnement (LIVE), Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Littoral, Environnement, Télédétection, Géomatique (LETG - Caen), Littoral, Environnement, Télédétection, Géomatique UMR 6554 (LETG), Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Université d'Angers (UA)-Université de Nantes (UN)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Physique du Globe de Paris (IPGP), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-IPG PARIS-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Université de La Réunion (UR)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Dipartimento di Scienze Fisiche, Informatiche e Matematiche [Modena], Università degli Studi di Modena e Reggio Emilia (UNIMORE), Géosciences Montpellier, Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université des Antilles (UA), Centre européen de recherche et d'enseignement des géosciences de l'environnement (CEREGE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Collège de France (CdF)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Géoazur (GEOAZUR 7329), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de la Côte d'Azur, Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud]), Institut de physique du globe de Strasbourg (IPGS), Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia – Sezione di Pisa (INGV), Laboratoire de géologie de l'ENS (LGE), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Département des Géosciences - ENS Paris, École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Institut des Sciences de la Terre (ISTerre), Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-PRES Université de Grenoble-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR219-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut Français des Sciences et Technologies des Transports, de l'Aménagement et des Réseaux (IFSTTAR)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF), Italian National agency for new technologies, Energy and sustainable economic development [Frascati] (ENEA), Departimento di Scienze della Terra [Camerino], Università di Camerino (UNICAM), Laboratoire d'Ecologie Alpine (LECA), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), Dynamique globale et déformation active (IPGS) (IPGS-DGDA), Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), National Research Council of Italy | Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Collège de France (CdF (institution))-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Université d'Angers (UA)-École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Géographie et d'Aménagement Régional de l'Université de Nantes (IGARUN), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Université de La Réunion (UR)-Institut de Physique du Globe de Paris (IPG Paris)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Università degli Studi di Modena e Reggio Emilia = University of Modena and Reggio Emilia (UNIMORE), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud]), Laboratoire de géologie de l'ENS (LGENS), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL), Institut Français des Sciences et Technologies des Transports, de l'Aménagement et des Réseaux (IFSTTAR)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR219-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019]), Università degli Studi di Camerino = University of Camerino (UNICAM), Laboratoire d'Ecologie Alpine (LECA ), Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019]), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Collège de France (CdF (institution))-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Université d'Angers (UA)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Géographie et d'Aménagement Régional de l'Université de Nantes (IGARUN), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Université des Antilles (UA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Università degli Studi di Camerino (UNICAM), Puglisi, C., Proposito, M., Hailemikael, S., Falconi, L., Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Brest (UBO)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Université d'Angers (UA)-Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de La Réunion (UR)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-IPG PARIS-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire de la Côte d'Azur, Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA), Villani, F., Civico, R., Pucci, S., Pizzimenti, L., Nappi, R., De Martini, P. M., Agosta, F., Alessio, G., Alfonsi, L., Amanti, M., Amoroso, S., Aringoli, D., Auciello, E., Azzaro, R., Baize, S., Bello, S., Benedetti, L., Bertagnini, A., Binda, G., Bisson, M., Blumetti, A. M., Bonadeo, L., Boncio, P., Bornemann, P., Branca, S., Braun, T., Brozzetti, F., Brunori, C. A., Burrato, P., Caciagli, M., Campobasso, C., Carafa, M., Cinti, F. R., Cirillo, D., Comerci, V., Cucci, L., De Ritis, R., Deiana, G., Del Carlo, P., Del Rio, L., Delorme, A., Di Manna, P., Di Naccio, D., Falcucci, E., Farabollini, P., Faure Walker, J. P., Ferrarini, F., Ferrario, M. F., Ferry, M., Feuillet, N., Fleury, J., Fracassi, U., Frigerio, C., Galluzzo, F., Gambillara, R., Gaudiosi, G., Goodall, H., Gori, S., Gregory, L. C., Guerrieri, L., Hollingsworth, J., Iezzi, F., Invernizzi, C., Jablonska, D., Jacques, E., Jomard, H., Kastelic, V., Klinger, Y., Lavecchia, G., Leclerc, F., Liberi, F., Lisi, A., Livio, F., Sardo, L., Malet, J. P., Mariucci, M. T., Materazzi, M., Maubant, L., Mazzarini, F., Mccaffrey, K. J. W., Michetti, A. M., Mildon, Z. K., Montone, P., Moro, M., Nave, R., Odin, M., Pace, B., Paggi, S., Pagliuca, N., Pambianchi, G., Pantosti, D., Patera, A., Perouse, E., Pezzo, G., Piccardi, L., Pierantoni, P. P., Pignone, M., Pinzi, S., Pistolesi, E., Point, J., Pousse, L., Pozzi, A., Puliti, I., Ricci, T., Ripamonti, L., Rizza, M., Roberts, G. P., Roncoroni, M., Sapia, V., Saroli, M., Sciarra, A., Scotti, O., Skupinski, G., Smedile, A., Soquet, A., Tarabusi, G., Tarquini, S., Terrana, S., Tesson, J., Tondi, E., Valentini, A., Vallone, R., Van Der Woerd, J., Vannoli, P., Venuti, A., Vittori, E., Volatili, T., Wedmore, L. N. J., Wilkinson, M., and Zambrano, M.

Subjects
Statistics and Probability, data collection, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, [SDU.STU.GP]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Geophysics [physics.geo-ph], Library and Information Sciences, 010502 geochemistry & geophysics, computer.software_genre, 01 natural sciences, Education, 30 October 2016 Norcia earthquake, Earthquakes, ground deformation process, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, [SDU.STU.TE]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Tectonics, surface faulting hazard, Central Apennines, Database, Landslide, data acquisition system, Extensional definition, Computer Science Applications, 13. Climate action, Homogeneous, Georeference, ground deformation process, data acquisition system, Central Apennines, 30 October 2016 Norcia earthquake, Statistics, Probability and Uncertainty, computer, Relevant information, Geology, Information Systems
Abstract

We provide a database of the coseismic geological surface effects following the Mw 6.5 Norcia earthquake that hit central Italy on 30 October 2016. This was one of the strongest seismic events to occur in Europe in the past thirty years, causing complex surface ruptures over an area of >400 km2. The database originated from the collaboration of several European teams (Open EMERGEO Working Group; about 130 researchers) coordinated by the Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia. The observations were collected by performing detailed field surveys in the epicentral region in order to describe the geometry and kinematics of surface faulting, and subsequently of landslides and other secondary coseismic effects. The resulting database consists of homogeneous georeferenced records identifying 7323 observation points, each of which contains 18 numeric and string fields of relevant information. This database will impact future earthquake studies focused on modelling of the seismic processes in active extensional settings, updating probabilistic estimates of slip distribution, and assessing the hazard of surface faulting.

Published
2018
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24. Surface ruptures following the 30 October 2016 M w 6.5 Norcia earthquake, central Italy

Author

Civico, R., Pucci, S., Villani, F., Pizzimenti, L., De Martini, P. M., Nappi, R., Agosta, F., Alessio, G., Alfonsi, L., Amanti, M., Amoroso, S., Aringoli, D., Auciello, E., Azzaro, R., Baize, S., Bello, S., Benedetti, L., Bertagnini, A., Binda, G., Bisson, M., Blumetti, A. M., Bonadeo, L., Boncio, P., Bornemann, P., Branca, S., Braun, T., Brozzetti, F., Brunori, C. A., Burrato, P., Caciagli, M., Campobasso, C., Carafa, M., Cinti, F. R., Cirillo, D., Comerci, V., Cucci, L., De Ritis, R., Deiana, G., Del Carlo, P., Del Rio, L., Delorme, A., Di Manna, P., Di Naccio, D., Falconi, L., Falcucci, E., Farabollini, P., Faure Walker, J. P., Ferrarini, F., Ferrario, M. F., Ferry, M., Feuillet, N., Fleury, J., Fracassi, U., Frigerio, C., Galluzzo, F., Gambillara, R., Gaudiosi, G., Goodall, H., Gori, S., Gregory, L. C., Guerrieri, L., Hailemikael, S., Iezzi, F., Invernizzi, C., Jablonská, D., Jacques, E., Jomard, H., Kastelic, V., Klinger, Y., Lavecchia, G., Leclerc, F., Liberi, F., Lisi, A., Livio, F., Lo Sardo, L., Malet, J. P., Mariucci, M. T., Materazzi, M., Mazzarini, F., Mccaffrey, K. J. W., Michetti, A. M., Mildon, Z. K., Montone, P., Moro, M., Nave, R., Odin, M., Pace, B., Paggi, S., Pagliuca, N., Pambianchi, G., Pantosti, D., Patera, A., Pérouse, E., Pezzo, G., Piccardi, L., Pierantoni, P. P., Pignone, M., Pinzi, S., Pistolesi, E., Point, J., Pozzi, A., Proposito, M., Puglisi, C., Puliti, I., Ricci, T., Ripamonti, Licia, Rizza, M., Roberts, G. P., Roncoroni, M., Sapia, V., Saroli, M., Sciarra, A., Scotti, O., Skupinski, G., Smedile, A., Tarabusi, G., Tarquini, S., Terrana, S., Tesson, J., Tondi, E., Valentini, A., Vallone, R., Van der Woerd, J., Vannoli, P., Venuti, A., Vittori, E., Volatili, T., Wedmore, L. N. J., Wilkinson, M., Zambrano, M., Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia [Bologna] ( INGV ), Géosciences Montpellier, Institut national des sciences de l'Univers ( INSU - CNRS ) -Université de Montpellier ( UM ) -Université des Antilles ( UA ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia - Sezione di Bologna (INGV), Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université des Antilles (UA), Géoazur (GEOAZUR 7329), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire de la Côte d'Azur, Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA), Hailemikael, S., Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Université des Antilles (UA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de la Côte d'Azur, COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud]), Institut de physique du globe de Strasbourg (IPGS), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Louis Pasteur - Strasbourg I-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud]), Institut Terre Environnement Strasbourg (ITES), École Nationale du Génie de l'Eau et de l'Environnement de Strasbourg (ENGEES)-Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Agosta, F., Alessio, G., Alfonsi, L., Amanti, M., Amoroso, S., Aringoli, D., Auciello, E., Azzaro, R., Baize, S., Bello, S., Benedetti, L., Bertagnini, A., Binda, G., Bisson, M., Blumetti, A. M., Bonadeo, L., Boncio, P., Bornemann, P., Branca, S., Braun, T., Brozzetti, F., Brunori, C. A., Burrato, P., Caciagli, M., Campobasso, C., Carafa, M., Cinti, F. R., Cirillo, D., Comerci, V., Cucci, L., De Ritis, R., Deiana, G., Del Carlo, P., Del Rio, L., Delorme, A., Di Manna, P., Di Naccio, D., Falconi, L., Falcucci, E., Farabollini, P., Faure Walker, J. P., Ferrarini, F., Ferrario, M. F., Ferry, M., Feuillet1, N., Fleury, J., Fracassi, U., Frigerio, C., Galluzzo, F., Gambillara, R., Gaudiosi, G., Goodall, H., Gori, S., Gregory, L. C., Guerrieri, L., Iezzi, F., Invernizzi, C., Jablonská, D., Jacques, E., Jomard, H., Kastelic, V., Klinger, Y., Lavecchia, G., Leclerc, F., Liberi, F., Lisi, A., Livio, F., Lo Sard8, L., Malet, J. P., Mariucci, M. T., Materazzi5, M., Mazzarini, F., Mccaffrey, K. J. W., Michett, A. M., Mildon, Z. K., Montone, P., Moro, M., Nave, R., Odin, M., Pace, B., Paggi, S., Pagliuca, N., Pambianchi, G., Pantosti, D., Patera, A., Pérouse, E., Pezzo, G., Piccardi, L., Pierantoni, P. P., Pignone, M., Pinzi, S., Pistolesi, E., Point, J., Pozzi, A., Proposito, M., Puglisi, C., Puliti, I., Ricci, T., Ripamonti, L., Rizza, M., Roberts, G. P., Roncoroni, M., Sapia, V., Saroli, M., Sciarra, A., Scotti, O., Skupinski, G., Smedile, A., Tarabusi, G., Tarquini, S., Terrana, S., Tesson, J., Tondi, E., Valentini, A., Vallone, R., Van der Woerd, J., Vannoli, P., Venuti, A., Vittori, E., Volatili, T., Wedmore, L. N. J., Wilkinson, M., Zambrano, M., Institut de Physique du Globe de Paris (IPGP), and Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Université de La Réunion (UR)-Institut de Physique du Globe de Paris (IPG Paris)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
Surface (mathematics), Surface rupture, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, [SDU.STU.GP]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Geophysics [physics.geo-ph], Field data, Geography, Planning and Development, [SDU.STU]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences, Kinematics, Fault (geology), 010502 geochemistry & geophysics, 01 natural sciences, Surface faulting, geological prompt surveys, lcsh:G3180-9980, Earth and Planetary Sciences (miscellaneous), coseismic ruptures, normal faulting, 2016–2017 seismic sequence, central Italy, Coseismic rupture, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, lcsh:Maps, [SDU.STU.TE]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Tectonics, Geological prompt survey, 2016-2017 seismic sequence, Geological prompt surveys, Normal faulting, Coseismic ruptures, Central Italy, geography, geography.geographical_feature_category, Oblique case, [ SDU.STU ] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences, es, 13. Climate action, Geology, Seismology
Abstract

We present a 1:25,000 scale map of the coseismic surface ruptures following the 30 October 2016 M-w 6.5 Norcia normal-faulting earthquake, central Italy. Detailed rupture mapping is based on almost 11,000 oblique photographs taken from helicopter flights, that has been verified and integrated with field data (>7000 measurements). Thanks to the common efforts of the Open EMERGEO Working Group (130 people, 25 research institutions and universities from Europe), we were able to document a complex surface faulting pattern with a dominant strike of N135 degrees-160 degrees (SW-dipping) and a subordinate strike of N320 degrees-345 degrees (NE-dipping) along about 28km of the active Mt. Vettore-Mt. Bove fault system. Geometric and kinematic characteristics of the rupture were observed and recorded along closely spaced, parallel or subparallel, overlapping or step-like synthetic and antithetic fault splays of the activated fault systems, comprising a total surface rupture length of approximately 46km when all ruptures were considered.

Published
2018

26. Discovering geothermal supercritical fluids: A new frontier for seismic exploration

Author

Piana Agostinetti, N, Licciardi, A, Piccinini, D, Mazzarini, F, Musumeci, G, Saccorotti, G, Chiarabba, C, Piana Agostinetti N., Licciardi A., Piccinini D., Mazzarini F., Musumeci G., Saccorotti G., Chiarabba C., Piana Agostinetti, N, Licciardi, A, Piccinini, D, Mazzarini, F, Musumeci, G, Saccorotti, G, Chiarabba, C, Piana Agostinetti N., Licciardi A., Piccinini D., Mazzarini F., Musumeci G., Saccorotti G., and Chiarabba C.

Abstract

Exploiting supercritical geothermal resources represents a frontier for the next generation of geothermal electrical power plant, as the heat capacity of supercritical fluids (SCF), which directly impacts on energy production, is much higher than that of fluids at subcritical conditions. Reconnaissance and location of intensively permeable and productive horizons at depth is the present limit for the development of SCF geothermal plants. We use, for the first time, teleseismic converted waves (i.e. receiver function) for discovering those horizons in the crust. Thanks to the capability of receiver function to map buried anisotropic materials, the SCF-bearing horizon is seen as the 4km-depth abrupt termination of a shallow, thick, ultra-high (>30%) anisotropic rock volume, in the center of the Larderello geothermal field. The SCF-bearing horizon develops within the granites of the geothermal field, bounding at depth the vapor-filled heavily-fractured rock matrix that hosts the shallow steam-dominated geothermal reservoirs. The sharp termination at depth of the anisotropic behavior of granites, coinciding with a 2 km-thick stripe of seismicity and diffuse fracturing, points out the sudden change in compressibility of the fluid filling the fractures and is a key-evidence of deep fluids that locally traversed the supercritical conditions. The presence of SCF and fracture permeability in nominally ductile granitic rocks open new scenarios for the understanding of magmatic systems and for geothermal exploitation.

Published
2017

27. Correction: A database of the coseismic effects following the 30 October 2016 Norcia earthquake in central Italy (Scientific Data, (2018) 5, 10.1038/sdata.2018.49)

Author

Villani, F., Civico, R., Pucci, S., Pizzimenti, L., Nappi, R., De Martini, P. M., Agosta, F., Alessio, G., Alfonsi, L., Amanti, M., Amoroso, S., Aringoli, D., Auciello, E., Azzaro, R., Baize, S., Bello, S., Benedetti, L., Bertagnini, A., Binda, G., Bisson, M., Blumetti, A. M., Bonadeo, L., Boncio, P., Bornemann, P., Branca, S., Braun, T., Brozzetti, F., Brunori, C. A., Burrato, P., Caciagli, M., Campobasso, C., Carafa, M., Cinti, F. R., Cirillo, D., Comerci, V., Cucci, L., De Ritis, R., Deiana, G., Del Carlo, P., Del Rio, L., Delorme, A., Di Manna, P., Di Naccio, D., Falconi, L., Falcucci, E., Farabollini, P., Faure Walker, J. P., Ferrarini, F., Ferrario, M. F., Ferry, M., Feuillet, N., Fleury, J., Fracassi, U., Frigerio, C., Galluzzo, F., Gambillara, R., Gaudiosi, G., Goodall, H., Gori, S., Gregory, L. C., Guerrieri, L., Hailemikael, S., Hollingsworth, J., Iezzi, F., Invernizzi, C., Jablonska, D., Jacques, E., Jomard, H., Kastelic, V., Klinger, Y., Lavecchia, G., Leclerc, F., Liberi, F., Lisi, A., Livio, F., Lo Sardo, L., Malet, J. P., Mariucci, M. T., Materazzi, M., Maubant, L., Mazzarini, F., Mccaffrey, K. J. W., Michetti, A. M., Mildon, Z. K., Montone, P., Moro, M., Nave, R., Odin, M., Pace, B., Paggi, S., Pagliuca, N., Pambianchi, G., Pantosti, D., Patera, A., Perouse, E., Pezzo, G., Piccardi, L., Pierantoni, P. P., Pignone, M., Pinzi, S., Pistolesi, E., Point, J., Pousse, L., Pozzi, A., Proposito, M., Puglisi, C., Puliti, I., Ricci, T., Ripamonti, L., Rizza, M., Roberts, G. P., Roncoroni, M., Sapia, V., Saroli, M., Sciarra, A., Scotti, O., Skupinski, G., Smedile, A., Socquet, A., Tarabusi, G., Tarquini, S., Terrana, S., Tesson, J., Tondi, E., Valentini, A., Vallone, R., Van der Woerd, J., Vannoli, P., Venuti, A., Vittori, E., Volatili, T., Wedmore, L. N. J., Wilkinson, M., and Zambrano, M.

Published
2019

29. Aborted propagation of the Ethiopian rift caused by linkage with the Kenyan rift

Author

Corti G.[1], Cioni R.[2], Franceschini Z.[2], Sani F.[2], Scaillet S.[3], Molin P.[4], Isola I.[5], Mazzarini F.[5], Brune S.[6, Keir D.[2, Erbello A.[9], Muluneh A.[10], Illsley-Kemp F.[6, 11], Glerum A.[6], Corti, Giacomo, Cioni, Raffaello, Franceschini, Zara, Sani, Federico, Scaillet, Stéphane, Molin, Paola, Isola, Ilaria, Mazzarini, Francesco, Brune, Sascha, Keir, Derek, Erbello, Asfaw, Muluneh, Ameha, Illsley-Kemp, Finnigan, Glerum, Anne, CNR Istituto di Geoscienze e Georisorse [Pisa] (IGG-CNR), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Dipartimento di Scienze della Terra [Firenze] (DST), Università degli Studi di Firenze = University of Florence [Firenze] (UNIFI), Institut des Sciences de la Terre d'Orléans - UMR7327 (ISTO), Bureau de Recherches Géologiques et Minières (BRGM) (BRGM)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers en région Centre (OSUC), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Géodynamique - UMR7327, Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Bureau de Recherches Géologiques et Minières (BRGM) (BRGM)-Institut des Sciences de la Terre d'Orléans - UMR7327 (ISTO), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Bureau de Recherches Géologiques et Minières (BRGM) (BRGM)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers en région Centre (OSUC), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Dipartimento di Scienze, Università degli Studi Roma Tre, Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia – Sezione di Pisa (INGV), Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, German Research Centre for Geosciences - Helmholtz-Centre Potsdam (GFZ), Ocean and Earth Science [Southampton], University of Southampton-National Oceanography Centre (NOC), School of Applied Natural Sciences, Adama Science and Technology University, School of Earth Sciences [Addis Ababa], Addis Ababa University (AAU), and ANR-10-LABX-0100,VOLTAIRE,Geofluids and Volatil elements – Earth, Atmosphere, Interfaces – Resources and Environment(2010)

Subjects
0301 basic medicine, Kenya, Science, General Physics and Astronomy, 02 engineering and technology, Article, General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology, Rift, Ethiopia, magmatic activity, 03 medical and health sciences, Paleontology, East African Rift, ddc:550, Linkage (linguistics), lcsh:Science, [SDU.STU.TE]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Tectonics, Multidisciplinary, Rift, Institut für Umweltwissenschaften und Geographie, General Chemistry, Numerical models, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, hydrocarbon exploration, Tectonics, 030104 developmental biology, continental rift, lcsh:Q, Rift zone, inherited lithospheric heterogeneity, 0210 nano-technology, Geology, transfer zones
Abstract

Continental rift systems form by propagation of isolated rift segments that interact, and eventually evolve into continuous zones of deformation. This process impacts many aspects of rifting including rift morphology at breakup, and eventual ocean-ridge segmentation. Yet, rift segment growth and interaction remain enigmatic. Here we present geological data from the poorly documented Ririba rift (South Ethiopia) that reveals how two major sectors of the East African rift, the Kenyan and Ethiopian rifts, interact. We show that the Ririba rift formed from the southward propagation of the Ethiopian rift during the Pliocene but this propagation was short-lived and aborted close to the Pliocene-Pleistocene boundary. Seismicity data support the abandonment of laterally offset, overlapping tips of the Ethiopian and Kenyan rifts. Integration with new numerical models indicates that rift abandonment resulted from progressive focusing of the tectonic and magmatic activity into an oblique, throughgoing rift zone of near pure extension directly connecting the rift sectors., Continuous continental rift zones evolve from enigmatic interactions between individual propagating rift segments. Here, the authors document progressive focusing of tectonic and magmatic activity caused by interactions between the Kenyan and Ethiopian rift segments of the East African Rift.

Published
2019

30. Assessing future vent opening locations at the Somma-Vesuvio volcanic complex: 2. Probability maps of the caldera for a future Plinian/sub-Plinian event with uncertainty quantification

Author

Tadini, A., Bevilacqua, A., Neri, A., Cioni, R., Aspinall, W. P., Bisson, M., Isaia, R., Mazzarini, F., Valentine, G. A., Baxter, P. J., Bertagnini, A., Cerminara, M., de Michieli Vitturi, M., Di Roberto, A., Engwell, S., Esposti Ongaro, T., Flandoli, F., Pistolesi, M., VITALE, STEFANO, Tadini, A., Bevilacqua, A., Neri, A., Cioni, R., Aspinall, W. P., Bisson, M., Isaia, R., Mazzarini, F., Valentine, G. A., Vitale, Stefano, Baxter, P. J., Bertagnini, A., Cerminara, M., de Michieli Vitturi, M., Di Roberto, A., Engwell, S., Esposti Ongaro, T., Flandoli, F., and Pistolesi, M.

Subjects
hazard assessment, spatial uncertainty, New vent opening probability maps for a future Plinian/sub-Plinian eruption of Somma-Vesuvio volcano are developed, Somma-Vesuvio, geo-database, vent opening, The maps incorporate uncertainty estimates and uniquely include the special case of Somma-Vesuvio caldera enlargement, New volcanological/structural data sets (from the companion paper) are combined to create spatial probability density functions
Abstract

In this study, we combine reconstructions of volcanological data sets and inputs from a structured expert judgment to produce a first long-term probability map for vent opening location for the next Plinian or sub-Plinian eruption of Somma-Vesuvio. In the past, the volcano has exhibited significant spatial variability in vent location; this can exert a significant control on where hazards materialize (particularly of pyroclastic density currents). The new vent opening probability mapping has been performed through (i) development of spatial probability density maps with Gaussian kernel functions for different data sets and (ii) weighted linear combination of these spatial density maps. The epistemic uncertainties affecting these data sets were quantified explicitly with expert judgments and implemented following a doubly stochastic approach. Various elicitation pooling metrics and subgroupings of experts and target questions were tested to evaluate the robustness of outcomes. Our findings indicate that (a) Somma-Vesuvio vent opening probabilities are distributed inside the whole caldera, with a peak corresponding to the area of the present crater, but with more than 50% probability that the next vent could open elsewhere within the caldera; (b) there is a mean probability of about 30% that the next vent will open west of the present edifice; (c) there is a mean probability of about 9.5% that the next medium-large eruption will enlarge the present Somma-Vesuvio caldera, and (d) there is a nonnegligible probability (mean value of 6–10%) that the next Plinian or sub-Plinian eruption will have its initial vent opening outside the present Somma-Vesuvio caldera.

Published
2017

32. Recent volcano-tectonic activity of the Ririba rift and the evolution of rifting in South Ethiopia

Author

Franceschini Z.[1, Cioni R.[2, Scaillet S.[4], Corti G.[3, Sani F.[2], Isola I.[5], Mazzarini F.[5], Duval F.[4], Erbello A.[6, Muluneh A.[8], Brune S.[9], Dipartimento di Scienze della Terra [Firenze] (DST), Università degli Studi di Firenze = University of Florence [Firenze] (UNIFI), Magma - UMR7327, Institut des Sciences de la Terre d'Orléans - UMR7327 (ISTO), Bureau de Recherches Géologiques et Minières (BRGM) (BRGM)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers en région Centre (OSUC), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Bureau de Recherches Géologiques et Minières (BRGM) (BRGM)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers en région Centre (OSUC), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), CNR Istituto di Geoscienze e Georisorse [Pisa] (IGG-CNR), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia – Sezione di Pisa (INGV), Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, School of Earth Sciences [Addis Ababa], Addis Ababa University (AAU), German Research Centre for Geosciences - Helmholtz-Centre Potsdam (GFZ), ANR-10-LABX-0100,VOLTAIRE,Geofluids and Volatil elements – Earth, Atmosphere, Interfaces – Resources and Environment(2010), ANR-11-EQPX-0036,PLANEX,Planète Expérimentation: simulation et analyse in-situ en conditions extrêmes(2011), European Project: 290864,EC:FP7:ERC,ERC-2011-ADG_20110209,RHEOLITH(2012), Università degli Studi di Firenze = University of Florence (UniFI), and National Research Council of Italy | Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR)

Subjects
010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Lava, Rift evolution, Pyroclastic rock, 010502 geochemistry & geophysics, 01 natural sciences, volcano-tectonic activity, continental rifting, inherited fabrics, 40Ar/39Ar dating, South Ethiopia, Paleontology, Continental rifting, Geochemistry and Petrology, [SDU.STU.VO]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Volcanology, Volcanic plateau, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, [SDU.STU.TE]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Tectonics, Basalt, Inherited fabrics, geography, geography.geographical_feature_category, Rift, Volcanic rock, Tectonics, Volcano-tectonic activity, Geophysics, Volcano, Rift evolution Inherited fabrics, Geology
Abstract

International audience; The relationships between volcanic activity and tectonics at the southernmost termination of the Main Ethiopian Rift (MER), East Africa, still represent a debated problem in the MER evolution. New constraints on the timing, evolution and characteristics of the poorly documented volcanic activity of the Dilo and Mega volcanic fields (VF), near the Kenya-Ethiopia border are here presented and discussed. The new data delineate the occurrence of two distinct groups of volcanic rocks: 1) Pliocene subalkaline basalts, observed only in the Dilo VF, forming a lava basement faulted during a significant rifting phase; 2) Quaternary alkaline basalts, occurring in the two volcanic fields as pyroclastic products and lava flows issued from monogenetic edifices and covering the rift-related faults. 40Ar/39Ar dating constrains the emplacement time of the large basal lava plateau to ~3.7 Ma, whereas the youngest volcanic activity characterising the two areas dates back to 134 ka (Dilo VF) to as recent as the Holocene (Mega VF). Volcanic activity developed along tectonic lineaments independent from those of the rift. No direct relations are observed between the Pliocene, roughly N-S-trending major boundary faults of the Ririba rift and the NE-SW-oriented structural trend characteristic of the Quaternary volcanic activity. We speculate that this change in structural trend may be the expression of (1) inherited crustal structures affecting the distribution of the recent volcanic vents, and (2) a local stress field controlled by differences in crustal thickness, following a major episode of reorganization of extensional structures in the region due to rift propagation and abandonment

Published
2020

34. A new photographic dataset of the coseismic geological effects originated by the Mw5.9 Visso and Mw6.5 Norcia earthquakes (26th and 30th October 2016, Central Italy)

Author

Emergeo Working Group – Cucci, L., Alfonsi, L., Caciagli, M., Pinzi, S., Vallone, R., Alessio, G., Amoroso, S., Azzaro, R., Bertagnini, A., Brunori, C. A., Burrato, P., Carafa, M., Cinti, F. R., Civico, R., Del Carlo, P., De Martini, P. M., De Ritis, R., Di Naccio, D., Falcucci, E., Fracassi, U., Gaudiosi, G., Gori, S., Kastelic, V., Lancia, M., Lo Sardo, L., Mariucci, M. T., Mazzarini, F., Monaco, P., Montone, P., Moro, M., Nappi, R., Nave, R., Pagliuca, N. M., Pantosti, D., Patera, A., Pezzo, G., Pignone, M., Pizzimenti, L., Pucci, S., Ricci, T., Sapia, V., Saroli, M., Sciarra, A., Smedile, A., Vannoli, P., and Villani, F.

Published
2017

35. Towards a background probability map for vent opening position in a future Plinian-subPlinian eruption of Somma-Vesuvius, with structured uncertainty assessment

Author

Tadini, A., Bevilacqua, A., Neri, A., Cioni, R., Aspinall, W. P., Bisson, M., Isaia, R., Valentine, G. A., Baxter, P. J., Bertagnini, A., Cerminara, M., De Michieli Vitturi, M., Di Roberto, A., Engwell, S., Esposti Ongaro, T., Mazzarini, F., Pistolesi, M., Todde, A., Russo, A., VITALE, STEFANO, Società Geologica Italiana, Tadini, A., Bevilacqua, A., Neri, A., Cioni, R., Aspinall, W. P., Bisson, M., Isaia, R., Valentine, G. A., Vitale, Stefano, Baxter, P. J., Bertagnini, A., Cerminara, M., De Michieli Vitturi, M., Di Roberto, A., Engwell, S., Esposti Ongaro, T., Mazzarini, F., Pistolesi, M., Todde, A., and Russo, A.

Subjects
Somma-Vesuvius, vent opening probability map, Gaussian kernel
Abstract

In this study we combine detailed reconstructions of volcanological datasets and inputs from structured expert judgement (SEJ) to produce a first background (i.e. long-term or base-rate) probability map for vent opening location in the next Plinian or Sub-Plinian eruption of Somma-Vesuvius (SV). The SV volcano has, over its history, exhibited large variability in eruptive styles, and moderate spatial variability in vent locations. In particular, the vent positions associated with large explosive eruptions, i.e. Plinian and Sub-Plinian, have shown shifts within the present SV caldera. Notwithstanding this moderate shift, the location of a new active vent will have a major effect on the run-out and dispersal of pyroclastic density currents mainly due to the presence of the Mt Somma barrier, as also evidenced by past deposit patterns and illustrated by numerical simulations, and therefore will have important implications for hazard mitigation. Thu s far, we have focused on three main objectives: i) the collection and critical review of key volcanological features (position of past vents, distribution of faults, etc.) that could influence the spatial distribution of future vent locations; ii) developing spatial probability density maps with Gaussian kernel function modelling to use with our different volcanological and geophysical datasets, and iii) the production of a background probability map for vent opening position, using weighted linear combination of spatial density maps for the identified volcanological and geophysical parameters, with uncertainties explicitly included from structured expert elicitation. Preliminary outcomes obtained by a first elicitation session involving about 17 experts are reported for three expert judgement weighting and pooling models: (a) the Classical Model (CM) of Cooke (1991); (b) the Expected Relative Frequency (ERF) model of Flandoli et al. (2011), and (c) an Equal Weights (EW) combination. The results of combining expert judgements with our spatial modelling illustrate the influence of uncertainties in the various variables on the spatial probability content of the final maps, depicting areas at higher and lower probability of vent opening; second order effects of alternative methods for pooling judgements for quantifying uncertainty sources are discussed.

Published
2015

36. Assessing future vent opening locations at the Somma-Vesuvio volcanic complex: 2. Probability maps of the caldera for a future Plinian/sub-Plinian event with uncertainty quantification

Author

Tadini, A., primary, Bevilacqua, A., additional, Neri, A., additional, Cioni, R., additional, Aspinall, W. P., additional, Bisson, M., additional, Isaia, R., additional, Mazzarini, F., additional, Valentine, G. A., additional, Vitale, S., additional, Baxter, P. J., additional, Bertagnini, A., additional, Cerminara, M., additional, de Michieli Vitturi, M., additional, Di Roberto, A., additional, Engwell, S., additional, Esposti Ongaro, T., additional, Flandoli, F., additional, and Pistolesi, M., additional

Published
2017
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37. Coseismic ruptures of the 24 August 2016, Mw 6.0 Amatrice earthquake (central Italy)

Author

Pucci, S., primary, De Martini, P. M., additional, Civico, R., additional, Villani, F., additional, Nappi, R., additional, Ricci, T., additional, Azzaro, R., additional, Brunori, C. A., additional, Caciagli, M., additional, Cinti, F. R., additional, Sapia, V., additional, De Ritis, R., additional, Mazzarini, F., additional, Tarquini, S., additional, Gaudiosi, G., additional, Nave, R., additional, Alessio, G., additional, Smedile, A., additional, Alfonsi, L., additional, Cucci, L., additional, and Pantosti, D., additional

Published
2017
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40. 3D-imaging of shallow fractured aquifers along the Scansano-Amiata ridge (Tuscany, Italy).

Author

Bistacchi, A, Francese, R, Mazzarini, F, Morelli, G, Robain, H, Wardell, N, Zaja, A, BISTACCHI, ANDREA LUIGI PAOLO, Francese, R., Mazzarini, F., Morelli, G., Robain, H., Wardell, N., Zaja, A., Bistacchi, A, Francese, R, Mazzarini, F, Morelli, G, Robain, H, Wardell, N, Zaja, A, BISTACCHI, ANDREA LUIGI PAOLO, Francese, R., Mazzarini, F., Morelli, G., Robain, H., Wardell, N., and Zaja, A.

Abstract

A series of high-resolution geophysical surveys including 3D seismic refraction and resistivity tomography, 2D resistivity tomography and Ground Probing Radar, were recently conducted in three sites of the Scansano-Amiata ridge in southern Tuscany (Italy). The goal of the survey was to clearly image the geometry and the properties of some small scale aquifers hosted in high-angle faulted and fractured zones. In the recent years fresh water availability has become a major issue in the Italian peninsula as various agricultural and industrial activities as well as urban settlements depend on a constant and predictable supply. In the Appennine area, aquifers very often consist of fractured reservoirs within low-permeability formations, where established alluvial aquifer modeling techniques appear inadequate to protect the resource from pollutants or plan new extracting plants. The existing well distribution was compared with the fault network revealed by satellite image interpretation. The most productive aquifers resulted invariably located along major faults, thus pointing out the importance of secondary (tectonic) permeability. A prominent sub-vertical fault system ("Patrignone" fault), oriented north-south was investigated with high-resolution geophysical methods and direct excavation at three different sites: "Aione", "Ripacci" and "Poderino". We report here some of the results obtained at the "Poderino" site where 3D-geophysical data have been also collected (Figure 1). The different geophysical images clearly outlined the structural framework of the subsurface down to a depth greater than 100 m and the final synthesis provided a comprehensive insight into the architecture of faulted and fractured zones and in the overall permeability structure.

Published
2005

42. Fissural volcanism, polygenetic volcanic fields and crustal thickness in a compressional tectonic setting: the Payen Volcanic Complex on the central Andes foreland (Mendoza, Argentina)

Author

Mazzarini, F, Fornaciai, A, Pasquarè, FA, BISTACCHI, ANDREA LUIGI PAOLO, Mazzarini, F, Fornaciai, A, Bistacchi, A, and Pasquarè, F

Subjects
Ande, GEO/03 - GEOLOGIA STRUTTURALE, Argentina, Crustal shortening, Volcanic field, Vent distibution
Abstract

Shield volcanoes, caldera-bearing stratovolcanoes, and monogenetic cones compose the large fissural Payen Volcanic Complex, located in the Andes foreland between latitude 35°S and 38°S. The late Pliocene-Pleistocene and recent volcanic activity along E-W trending eruptive fissures produced basaltic lavas showing a within-plate geochemical signature. The spatial distribution of fractures and monogenetic vents is characterized by self-similar clustering with well defined power law distributions. Vents have average spacing of 1.27 km and fractal exponent D = 1.33 defined in the range 0.7-49.3 km. The fractal exponent of fractures is 1.62 in the range 1.5-48.1 km. The upper cutoffs of fractures and vent fractal distributions (about 48-49 km) scale to the crustal thickness in the area, as derived from geophysical data. This analysis determines fractured media (crust) thickness associated with basaltic retroarc eruptions. We propose that the Payen Volcanic Complex was and is still active under an E-W crustal shortening regime.

Published
2008

50. Geochemical and petrographical analyses for selecting Quaternary marine shells for radiometric dating and paleoclimate reconstructions: examples

Author

Consoloni I.[1], Zanchetta G.[1, 3, Aguirre M.[2], Baneschi I.[3], Bini M.[1], Boretto G.M.[2], Dallai L. [3], D'Orazio M.[1], Fallick A.E[4], Guidi M.[3], Hellstrom J.C.[5], Isola I.[6], Fucks E.[2], Mazzarini F.[6], Pappalardo M. [1], and Ribolini A. [1]

Subjects
quaternary, paleoclimate, Patagonia, marine molluscs, geochemistry, radiometric dating
Abstract

The selection of suitable samples is a fundamental target in order to obtain reliable results in the field of radiometric dating and paleoclimate. Marine molluscs are particularly interesting in this respect in what different radiometric methods (e.g. U/Th, ESR) can be applied coupled with chemical analyses to reconstruct past environment. For this kind of material is imperative that the samples have not undergone any alteration. We present, as example, the study of marine molluscs from Quaternary beach ridges from the Atlantic Patagonian coast. Multiproxy analyses show that the degree of weathering is quite variable but not enough for undermining the paleoclimatic values of the stable isotopes content and of some trace element, but enough severe to make problematic the application of U/Th dating methods. However, the careful petrographic observation and trace element analyses can support the selection of suitable samples for U/Th dating.

Published
2011

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