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PMCID: PMC4112539.-- International Myeloma Working Group: et al., Plasma cell leukemia (PCL) is a rare and aggressive variant of myeloma characterized by the presence of circulating plasma cells. It is classified as either primary PCL occurring at diagnosis or as secondary PCL in patients with relapsed/refractory myeloma. Primary PCL is a distinct clinic-pathological entity with different cytogenetic and molecular findings. The clinical course is aggressive with short remissions and survival duration. The diagnosis is based upon the percentage (≥20%) and absolute number (≥2 × 10 9/l) of plasma cells in the peripheral blood. It is proposed that the thresholds for diagnosis be re-examined and consensus recommendations are made for diagnosis, as well as, response and progression criteria. Induction therapy needs to begin promptly and have high clinical activity leading to rapid disease control in an effort to minimize the risk of early death. Intensive chemotherapy regimens and bortezomib-based regimens are recommended followed by high-dose therapy with autologous stem cell transplantation if feasible. Allogeneic transplantation can be considered in younger patients. Prospective multicenter studies are required to provide revised definitions and better understanding of the pathogenesis of PCL., This work has been supported in part by “Josep Font” Grant from Hospital Clínic de Barcelona and RD06/0020/0005 from Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Spain.

Phytochemical studies of leaf of the plant Lagerstroemia Parviflora Roxb (Lythraceae) reveals the presence of phytosterols, tannins, alkaloids, glycosides and absence of saponin, flavanoid and triterpenoids have been reported in this plant for the first time.

Plasma cell leukemia (PCL) is a rare and aggressive variant of myeloma characterized by the presence of circulating plasma cells. It is classified as either primary PCL occurring at diagnosis or as secondary PCL in patients with relapsed/refractory myeloma. Primary PCL is a distinct clinic-pathological entity with different cytogenetic and molecular findings. The clinical course is aggressive with short remissions and survival duration. The diagnosis is based upon the percentage (≥20%) and absolute number (≥2 × 10 9/l) of plasma cells in the peripheral blood. It is proposed that the thresholds for diagnosis be re-examined and consensus recommendations are made for diagnosis, as well as, response and progression criteria. Induction therapy needs to begin promptly and have high clinical activity leading to rapid disease control in an effort to minimize the risk of early death. Intensive chemotherapy regimens and bortezomib-based regimens are recommended followed by high-dose therapy with autologous stem cell transplantation if feasible. Allogeneic transplantation can be considered in younger patients. Prospective multicenter studies are required to provide revised definitions and better understanding of the pathogenesis of PCL. © 2013 Macmillan Publishers Limited All rights reserved.

This paper describes the implementation of a 256-state, rate 1/2, soft-decision Viterbi decoder. The implementation explores several variables and design considerations of a Viterbi decoder, testing various methods for low power and throughput capability. By designing the Viterbi decoder using three techniques, a progressive active ACS (add-compare-select), prediction matcher, and reduced read traceback, we take the most efficient techniques and apply them, iteratively to the overall design to achieve 12.7 % of dynamic power consumption with 250Mbps of throughput

Description of the root of the plant, Zizyphus mauritiana Linn. the microscopical characters of the powdered root, its behavior on treatment with different chemical reagents, and the fluorescence character under ultraviolet light after treatment were studied to fix some pharmacognostical parameters. Preliminary phytochemical screening on the various extracts of the root of the plant was also performed. These studies were carried out to identify this plant for further research work.