49 results on '"Mazariegos, Mónica"'
Search Results
2. Are Women’s Empowerment and Income Inequality Associated with Excess Weight in Latin American Cities?
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Tumas, Natalia, Rodríguez López, Santiago, Mazariegos, Mónica, Ortigoza, Ana, Anza Ramírez, Cecilia, Pérez Ferrer, Carolina, Moore, Kari, Yamada, Goro, Menezes, Mariana Carvalho, Sarmiento, Olga L., Pericàs, Juan M., Belvis Costes, Francesc, Lazo, Mariana, and Benach, Joan
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- 2022
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3. Age at childbirth and change in BMI across the life-course: evidence from the INCAP Longitudinal Study
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Mazariegos, Mónica, Varghese, Jithin Sam, Kroker-Lobos, Maria F, DiGirolamo, Ann M, Ramirez-Zea, Manuel, Ramakrishnan, Usha, and Stein, Aryeh D
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- 2022
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4. The urban built environment and adult BMI, obesity, and diabetes in Latin American cities
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Anza-Ramirez, Cecilia, Lazo, Mariana, Zafra-Tanaka, Jessica Hanae, Avila-Palencia, Ione, Bilal, Usama, Hernández-Vásquez, Akram, Knoll, Carolyn, Lopez-Olmedo, Nancy, Mazariegos, Mónica, Moore, Kari, Rodriguez, Daniel A., Sarmiento, Olga L., Stern, Dalia, Tumas, Natalia, and Miranda, J. Jaime
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- 2022
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5. Double burden of malnutrition in 115 Latin American cities: An ecological analysis.
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Mazariegos, Mónica, Sánchez, Brisa N., Ortigoza, Ana, Moore, Kari, Kroker‐Lobos, María F., Ramírez‐Zea, Manuel, Sarmiento, Olga L., Miranda, J. Jaime, and Pérez‐Ferrer, Carolina
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- 2024
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6. A scoping review and critical evaluation of the methodological quality of clinical practice guidelines on nutrition in the preconception
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Ancira-Moreno, Mónica, primary, Burrola-Méndez, Soraya, additional, Muñoz-Manrique, Cinthya, additional, Omaña-Guzmán, Isabel, additional, Hoyos-Loya, Elizabeth, additional, Trejo-Domínguez, Alejandra, additional, Hernández-Cordero, Sonia, additional, Mazariegos, Mónica, additional, Smith, Natalia, additional, Tavano-Colaizzi, Loredana, additional, Mier-Cabrera, Jennifer, additional, Avendaño-Álvarez, Fermín, additional, Espino y Sosa, Salvador, additional, Muciño-Sandoval, Karla, additional, Ibarra-González, Lizeth, additional, and Medina-Avilés, Cristina, additional
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- 2023
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7. City features related to obesity in preschool children: a cross-sectional analysis of 159 cities in six Latin American countries
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Zafra-Tanaka, Jessica Hanae, primary, Braverman, Ariela, additional, Anza-Ramirez, Cecilia, additional, Ortigoza, Ana, additional, Lazo, Mariana, additional, Doberti, Tamara, additional, Rodriguez-Osiac, Lorena, additional, Lovasi, Gina S., additional, Mazariegos, Mónica, additional, Sarmiento, Olga, additional, Pérez Ferrer, Carolina, additional, and Miranda, J. Jaime, additional
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- 2023
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8. Growth patterns in childhood and adolescence and adult body composition: a pooled analysis of birth cohort studies from five low and middle-income countries (COHORTS collaboration)
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Poveda, Natalia E, primary, Adair, Linda S, additional, Martorell, Reynaldo, additional, Patel, Shivani A, additional, Ramirez-Zea, Manuel, additional, Bhargava, Santosh K, additional, Bechayda, Sonny A, additional, Carba, Delia B, additional, Kroker-Lobos, Maria F, additional, Horta, Bernardo Lessa, additional, Lima, Natália Peixoto, additional, Mazariegos, Mónica, additional, Menezes, Ana Maria Baptista, additional, Norris, Shane A, additional, Nyati, Lukhanyo H, additional, Richter, Linda M, additional, Sachdev, Harshpal, additional, Wehrmeister, Fernando C, additional, and Stein, Aryeh D, additional
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- 2023
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9. Development and validation of a new set of indicators to assess the quality of maternal and child nutritional care at the primary care
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Ancira-Moreno, Monica, primary, Omaña-Guzmán, Isabel, additional, Bautista-Morales, Arturo Cuauhtémoc, additional, Acosta-Ruiz, Omar, additional, Hernández Cordero, Sonia, additional, Burrola-Méndez, Soraya, additional, Vilar-Compte, Mireya, additional, Monterrubio Flores, Eric, additional, Kaufer-Horwitz, Martha, additional, Pérez Navarro, Cecilia, additional, Muñoz-Manrique, Cinthya, additional, Mazariegos, Mónica, additional, Trejo-Domínguez, Alejandra, additional, Sánchez Muzquiz, Belen, additional, Cajero, Ariana, additional, Brero, Mauro, additional, Sachse, Matthias, additional, and Cobo Armijo, Fernanda, additional
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- 2022
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10. Quality Appraisal of Nutritional Guidelines to Prevent, Diagnose, and Treat Malnutrition in All Its Forms during Pregnancy
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Muñoz-Manrique, Cinthya, primary, Ancira-Moreno, Mónica, additional, Burrola-Méndez, Soraya, additional, Omaña-Guzmán, Isabel, additional, Hoyos-Loya, Elizabeth, additional, Hernández-Cordero, Sonia, additional, Trejo-Domínguez, Alejandra, additional, Mazariegos, Mónica, additional, Smith, Natalia, additional, Alonso-Carmona, Scarlett, additional, Mier-Cabrera, Jennifer, additional, Tavano-Colaizzi, Loredana, additional, Sánchez-Múzquiz, Belén, additional, Avendaño-Álvarez, Fermín, additional, Muciño-Sandoval, Karla, additional, Rodríguez-Moguel, Nadia C., additional, Padilla-Camacho, Magali, additional, Espino-y-Sosa, Salvador, additional, Ibarra-González, Lizeth, additional, and Medina-Avilés, Cristina, additional
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- 2022
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11. Protein-Energy Supplementation in Early-Life Decreases the Odds of Mental Distress in Later Adulthood in Guatemala
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DiGirolamo, Ann M, primary, Varghese, Jithin Sam, additional, Kroker-Lobos, Maria F, additional, Mazariegos, Mónica, additional, Ramirez-Zea, Manuel, additional, Martorell, Reynaldo, additional, and Stein, Aryeh D, additional
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- 2022
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12. Ultraprocessed Products as Food Fortification Alternatives: A Critical Appraisal from Latin America
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Kroker-Lobos, Maria F., primary, Mazariegos, Mónica, additional, Guamuch, Mónica, additional, and Ramirez-Zea, Manuel, additional
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- 2022
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13. Projecting the Impact of Nutrition Policy to Improve Child Stunting: A Case Study in Guatemala Using the Lives Saved Tool
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Tschida, Scott, primary, Cordon, Ana, additional, Asturias, Gabriela, additional, Mazariegos, Mónica, additional, Kroker-Lobos, María F., additional, Jackson, Bianca, additional, Rohloff, Peter, additional, and Flood, David, additional
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- 2021
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14. Patterns of Growth in Childhood in Relation to Adult Schooling Attainment and Intelligence Quotient in 6 Birth Cohorts in Low- and Middle-Income Countries: Evidence from the Consortium of Health-Oriented Research in Transitioning Societies (COHORTS)
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Poveda, Natalia E, primary, Hartwig, Fernando P, additional, Victora, Cesar G, additional, Adair, Linda S, additional, Barros, Fernando C, additional, Bhargava, Santosh K, additional, Horta, Bernardo L, additional, Lee, Nanette R, additional, Martorell, Reynaldo, additional, Mazariegos, Mónica, additional, Menezes, Ana M B, additional, Norris, Shane A, additional, Richter, Linda M, additional, Sachdev, Harshpal Singh, additional, Stein, Alan, additional, Wehrmeister, Fernando C, additional, and Stein, Aryeh D, additional
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- 2021
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15. Educational inequalities in obesity: a multilevel analysis of survey data from cities in Latin America
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Mazariegos, Mónica, primary, Auchincloss, Amy H, additional, Braverman-Bronstein, Ariela, additional, Kroker-Lobos, María F, additional, Ramírez-Zea, Manuel, additional, Hessel, Philipp, additional, Miranda, J Jaime, additional, and Pérez-Ferrer, Carolina, additional
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- 2021
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16. Educational inequalities in obesity: a multilevel analysis of survey data from cities in Latin America.
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Mazariegos, Mónica, Auchincloss, Amy H, Braverman-Bronstein, Ariela, Kroker-Lobos, María F, Ramírez-Zea, Manuel, Hessel, Philipp, Miranda, J Jaime, and Pérez-Ferrer, Carolina
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EDUCATIONAL equalization , *OBESITY , *MULTILEVEL models , *DATA analysis , *OBESITY in women , *LOGISTIC regression analysis , *EDUCATIONAL attainment - Abstract
Objective: Using newly harmonised individual-level data on health and socio-economic environments in Latin American cities (from the Salud Urbana en América Latina (SALURBAL) study), we assessed the association between obesity and education levels and explored potential effect modification of this association by city-level socio-economic development.Design: This cross-sectional study used survey data collected between 2002 and 2017. Absolute and relative educational inequalities in obesity (BMI ≥ 30 kg/m2, derived from measured weight and height) were calculated first. Then, a two-level mixed-effects logistic regression was run to test for effect modification of the education-obesity association by city-level socio-economic development. All analyses were stratified by sex.Setting: One hundred seventy-six Latin American cities within eight countries (Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, El Salvador, Guatemala, Mexico and Peru).Participants: 53 186 adults aged >18 years old.Results: Among women, 25 % were living with obesity and obesity was negatively associated with educational level (higher education-lower obesity) and this pattern was consistent across city-level socio-economic development. Among men, 18 % were living with obesity and there was a positive association between education and obesity (higher education-higher obesity) for men living in cities with lower levels of development, whereas for those living in cities with higher levels of development, the pattern was inverted and university education was protective of obesity.Conclusions: Among women, education was protective of obesity regardless, whereas among men, it was only protective in cities with higher levels of development. These divergent results suggest the need for sex- and city-specific interventions to reduce obesity prevalence and inequalities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2022
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17. Desarrollo de preferencias alimentarias saludables en etapas tempranas de la vida
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Mazariegos, Mónica, primary
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- 2020
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18. Malnutrition in all its forms by wealth, education and ethnicity in Latin America: who are more affected?
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Batis, Carolina, primary, Mazariegos, Mónica, additional, Martorell, Reynaldo, additional, Gil, Angel, additional, and Rivera, Juan A, additional
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- 2020
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19. Parity, lactation, and long‐term weight change in Mexican women
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Mazariegos, Mónica, primary, Ortiz‐Panozo, Eduardo, additional, González de Cosío, Teresita, additional, Lajous, Martín, additional, and López‐Ridaura, Ruy, additional
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- 2020
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20. INCAP Longitudinal Study: 50 Years of History and Legacy
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Ramirez-Zea, Manuel, primary and Mazariegos, Mónica, additional
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- 2020
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21. Socio-economic and ethnic disparities of malnutrition in all its forms in Guatemala
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Mazariegos, Mónica, primary, Kroker-Lobos, María F, additional, and Ramírez-Zea, Manuel, additional
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- 2019
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22. Lactation and maternal risk of diabetes: Evidence from the Mexican Teachers' Cohort
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Mazariegos, Mónica, primary, Ortiz‐Panozo, Eduardo, additional, Stern, Dalia, additional, González de Cosío, Teresita, additional, Lajous, Martin, additional, and López‐Ridaura, Ruy, additional
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- 2019
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23. Sugar-Sweetened Soda Consumption Increases Diabetes Risk Among Mexican Women
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Stern, Dalia, primary, Mazariegos, Mónica, additional, Ortiz-Panozo, Eduardo, additional, Campos, Hannia, additional, Malik, Vasanti S, additional, Lajous, Martin, additional, and López-Ridaura, Ruy, additional
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- 2019
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24. Socio-economic and ethnic disparities of malnutrition in all its forms in Guatemala.
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Mazariegos, Mónica, Kroker-Lobos, María F, Ramírez-Zea, Manuel, Batis, Carolina, and Rivera, Juan
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AGE groups , *TEENAGE girls , *SHORT stature , *MALNUTRITION , *INDIGENOUS peoples , *CHILDREN'S health , *ETHNIC foods , *CHILDHOOD obesity - Abstract
Objective: To analyse disparities of malnutrition in all its forms by socio-economic indicators in children aged <5 years, adolescent girls and women of reproductive age (WRA).Design: We defined wasting/underweight, stunting/short stature, overweight and obesity following the WHO criteria for children aged <5 years, adolescents and WRA. We evaluated the prevalence of malnutrition by wealth status, education level and ethnicity (indigenous/non-indigenous).Setting: Guatemalan 2014-2015 National Maternal and Child Health Survey.Participants: Children aged <5 years (n 11 962), adolescent girls aged 15-19 years (n 1086) and WRA aged 20-49 years (n 11 354).Results: Stunting/short stature prevalence among children, adolescents and WRA was 2·8, 2·1 and 2·0 times higher in the poorest compared with the richest; 2·9, 2·9 and 2·1 times higher in the lower educational level than in the highest; and 1·7, 1·7 and 1·6 times higher in the indigenous than in the non-indigenous population. In contrast, overweight/obesity prevalence among children, adolescents and WRA was 1·6, 2·1 and 1·8 times higher in the richest compared with the poorest; 1·6, 1·3 and 1·3 times higher in the higher educational level than in the lowest; and 1·3, 1·7 and 1·3 times higher in the non-indigenous than in the indigenous population.Conclusions: Stunting/short stature is more prevalent among low-income, low-education and indigenous populations in all age groups. In contrast, overweight/obesity is more prevalent in high-income, high-education and non-indigenous populations in all age groups. These outcomes demonstrate socio-economic and ethnic disparities for malnutrition in all its forms. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2020
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25. Nutrition status in adult Chilean population: economic, ethnic and sex inequalities in a post-transitional country.
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Mujica-Coopman, María F, Navarro-Rosenblatt, Deborah, López-Arana, Sandra, Corvalán, Camila, Batis, Carolina, Mazariegos, Mónica, and Rivera, Juan
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MALNUTRITION ,SHORT stature ,NUTRITION ,INDIGENOUS women ,MATHEMATICAL equivalence ,INDIGENOUS peoples ,ETHNICITY ,HIGHER education - Abstract
Objective: To assess the relationship between malnutrition, socioeconomic status (SES) and ethnicity in Chilean adult population.Design: Nationally representative survey (ENS) conducted in 2016-2017. Sociodemographic information, weight, height and hemoglobin (Hb) were measured (2003 ENS). Excess weight was defined as BMI ≥25 kg/m2. Undernutrition included underweight (BMI <18·5 kg/m2), short stature (height <1·49 m in women and <1·62 m in men) or anaemia (Hb <12 g/l). Education and household income level were used as indicators of SES; ethnicity was self-reported. We applied linear combinations of estimators to compare the prevalence of excess weight and undernutrition by SES and ethnicity.Setting: Chile.Participants: In total, 5082 adults ≥20 years (64 % women) and 1739 women ≥20 years for anaemia analyses.Results: Overall, >75 % of women and men had excess weight. Low SES women either by income or education had higher excess weight ((82·0 (77·1, 86·1) v. 65·0 (54·8, 74·1)) by income; (85·3 (80·6, 89·0) v. 68·2 (61·6, 74·1) %) by education) and short stature (20-49 years; 31(17·9, 48·2) v. 5·2 (2·2,11·4) by education); obesity was also more frequent among indigenous women (20-49 years; 55·8 (44·4, 66·6) v. 37·2 (32·7, 42·0) %) than non-indigenous women. In men, excess weight did not significantly differ by SES or ethnicity, but short stature concentrated in low SES (20-49 years; 47·6 (24·6, 71·6) v. 4·5 (2·1, 9·5) by education) and indigenous men (21·5 (11·9, 5·5, 11·9) v. 8·2 (5·5, 11·9)) (P < 0·05 for all).Conclusions: In Chile, malnutrition is disproportionately concentrated among women of low SES and indigenous origin; these inequalities should be considered when implementing prevention policies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2020
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26. Malnutrition in all its forms and socioeconomic status in Bolivia.
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Miranda, M, Bento, A, Aguilar, AM, Batis, Carolina, Mazariegos, Mónica, Rivera, Juan, and Aguilar, A M
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MALNUTRITION ,CHILDHOOD obesity ,DEMOGRAPHIC surveys ,NUTRITIONAL status ,EDUCATIONAL attainment ,HEALTH surveys - Abstract
Objective: To estimate the prevalence of malnutrition (undernutrition and excess BMI) among children under the age of 5 years and women of reproductive age in Bolivia considering three socioeconomic indicators: wealth, education and ethnicity.Design: We used the 2008 nationally representative Bolivian Demographic and Health Survey (DHS). Malnutrition's prevalence was estimated by wealth, ethnicity and educational level. Wealth index was measured based on the DHS methodology and nutritional status by using WHO standards and indicators. Education level (EL) was categorized by years of formal education.Setting: Bolivia.Participants: In total, 5·903 children <5 years, 3·345 adolescent women (15-19 years) and 12·297 women (20-49 years) with available information on anthropometric measurements·.Results: A disproportionate prevalence of malnutrition was observed among different wealth groups: lower wealth tertiles show the higher prevalence of stunting (>30 %) and anaemia (>40 %) in all ages· The prevalence of overweight and obesity tends to rise with age from childhood (10·02-11·60) to adolescence (27·9-31·03), reaching highest levels in women of reproductive age (56·02-57·76). According to wealth tertiles, higher prevalence of overweight and obesity was found in children of high tertile (12·23), adolescent women of low (32·56) and adult women of medium tertile (63·08).Conclusions: The present study shows that currently Bolivia is in a transitional stage, faces not only the problem of undernutrition but also those of overnutrition, showing strong inequalities according to socioeconomic and education status. This study calls for state-specific policies keeping in view of the nature of inequality in malnutrition in the country and its differential characteristics across wealth status. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2020
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27. Malnutrition in all its forms and socio-economic disparities in children under 5 years of age and women of reproductive age in Peru.
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Curi-Quinto, Katherine, Ortiz-Panozo, Eduardo, López de Romaña, Daniel, Batis, Carolina, Mazariegos, Mónica, and Rivera, Juan
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INDIGENOUS children ,MALNUTRITION ,SHORT stature ,INDIGENOUS women ,HIGHER education ,FAMILY health - Abstract
Objective: To compare the distribution of malnutrition by socio-economic indicators (SEI) in Peruvian children under 5 years and women of reproductive age (WRA).Design: We analysed data from the National Demographic and Family Health Survey. WHO criteria were used to define malnutrition indicators (overweight/obesity combined (OW); wasting/underweight; stunting/short stature; anaemia). Linear combination test was used to compare the prevalence of malnutrition by SEI (wealth index as a proxy of socio-economic status (SES); education; ethnicity). Prevalence ratio (PR) was used to describe disparities and associations between malnutrition and SEI.Setting: Peru (2015).Participants: Children (n 22 833) under 5 years and WRA (n 33 503; 5008 adolescents and 28 495 adults).Results: The most prevalent form of malnutrition was anaemia (32·0 %) in children and OW in adolescent and adult WRA (31·3 and 65·1 %, respectively). Adjusted models showed that stunting and anaemia were significantly lower among children with high SES (PR = 0·25, 0·67), high-educated mothers (PR = 0·26, 0·76) and higher in indigenous children (PR = 1·3, 1·2); conversely, OW was higher among those with high SES and high-educated mothers (PR = 1·8, 1·6) compared with their lowest counterparts. In WRA, stunting/short stature was lower among those with high SES, high education and higher in indigenous adult women. OW in adolescents and adults was higher in high SES (PR = 1·4, 1·1), lower in indigenous adult women (PR = 0·84) and lower in high-educated adult women (PR = 0·86).Conclusions: In the studied population, the distribution of malnutrition was associated with SEI disparities. Effective policies that integrate actions to overcome the double burden of malnutrition and reduce disparities are needed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2020
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28. Prevalence of malnutrition among children and women of reproductive age in Uruguay by socio-economic status and educational level.
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Medina, Mercedes, Barreto, Patricia, Natero, Virginia, Moratorio, Ximena, Severi, Cecilia, Batis, Carolina, Mazariegos, Mónica, and Rivera, Juan
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MALNUTRITION in children ,EDUCATIONAL attainment ,MALNUTRITION ,CHILDREN'S health ,SHORT stature ,PUBLIC health education ,NUTRITION surveys - Abstract
Objective: To describe the magnitude and distribution of malnutrition in all forms (stunting, wasting, overweight and obesity) by level of education and socio-economic status (SES).Design: Representative data from three national surveys were used: the socio-economic characteristics of Uruguayan households the 2012-2013; the Survey of Child Health, Nutrition and Development and the Survey of Chronic Disease Risks. We defined overweight, obesity, wasting/underweight and stunting/short stature according to WHO criteria. We conducted a comparison between malnutrition prevalence values per SES and education level.Setting: In total, 1 183 177 households were surveyed, including 2265 children's and 752 women's households, forming a nationally representative sample in urban areas with more than 5000 habitants.Participants: A total of 3079 children aged <4 years from the National Survey of Child Health, Nutrition and Development 2013 and 752 women aged 20-49 years from the National Survey of Chronic Disease Risks 2013 were included.Results: Among children aged <4 years, stunting and overweight disproportionately affected low-wealth groups, with 5·45 % of children in the lower income tertile and 3·44 % in the upper tertile presenting stunting (P < 0·05). Overweight and obesity were higher in the third tertile of income. Among the women, 54·8 % (95 % CI 48·0, 61·6) had excess weight (overweight and obesity) and significant differences were found between those with the lowest and highest levels of SES. Regarding excess weight with respect to educational level, significant differences were also found between the low and high levels and between the medium and high levels.Conclusions: In Uruguay, there are slight differences in the prevalence of all forms of malnutrition according to SES and education levels in the populations considered. Excess weight in children and women poses the greatest public health nutritional challenge at all levels of SES and education. The fact that more educated mothers are more overweight differs from the findings in other countries and should be studied in more detail. Stunting in children is also important, requiring more focused interventions. Notably, excess weight is higher in more educated mothers, a fact that differs from other countries. Further analysis is important to understand this discrepancy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2020
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29. Malnutrition prevalence among children and women of reproductive age in Mexico by wealth, education level, urban/rural area and indigenous ethnicity.
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Batis, Carolina, Denova-Gutiérrez, Edgar, Estrada-Velasco, Bárbara I, Rivera, Juan, and Mazariegos, Mónica
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INDIGENOUS children ,MALNUTRITION ,DEMOGRAPHIC surveys ,RURAL geography ,AGE groups ,ETHNICITY ,EQUALITY ,SHORT stature - Abstract
Objective: To compare the prevalence of malnutrition (undernutrition and excess weight) by wealth, education level, ethnicity and urban/rural areas in Mexican children and women of reproductive age.Design: We compared the prevalence of overweight, obesity, wasting/underweight, stunting/short stature and anaemia by socioeconomic and ethnic indicators. For each indicator, we estimated prevalence ratios (PR) adjusted by all other socioeconomic and ethnic indicators. We analysed if results differed by urban/rural areas.Setting: Mexican National Health and Nutrition Survey 2012.Participants: Children <5 years, non-pregnant women 11-19 years and non-pregnant women 20-49 years (n 33 244).Results: In most age groups, belonging to non-indigenous households, with high wealth, high education and in urban areas were inversely associated with stunting or short stature (PR ranging from 0·40 to 0·83), and wealth and education were inversely associated with anaemia (PR ranging from 0·53 to 0·78). The prevalence of overweight was similar across subgroups among children <5 years; however, among women 11-19 years, wealth, non-indigenous household and urban areas were positively associated (PR ranging from 1·16 to 1·33); and among women 20-49 years, education was inversely associated (PR 0·83).Conclusions: Socially disadvantaged populations have a higher prevalence of undernutrition, whereas the prevalence of excess weight is either equal (children <5 years), slightly lower (women 11-19 years) or even higher (women 20-49 years) with lower education. These results highlight the need for specific actions to address social inequalities in malnutrition in the Mexican population. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2020
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30. Association of all forms of malnutrition and socioeconomic status, educational level and ethnicity in Colombian children and non-pregnant women.
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Cediel, Gustavo, Perez, Eliana, Gaitán, Diego, Sarmiento, Olga L, Gonzalez, Laura, Batis, Carolina, Mazariegos, Mónica, and Rivera, Juan
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MALNUTRITION ,EDUCATIONAL attainment ,COLOMBIANS ,ETHNICITY ,INDIGENOUS children ,NUTRITION surveys - Abstract
Objective: To examine the association of all forms of malnutrition and socioeconomic status (SES), educational level and ethnicity in children <5 years, non-pregnant adolescent women (11-19 years) and non-pregnant adult women (20-49 years) in Colombia.Design: Cross-sectional analysis of data from the 2010 Colombian National Nutrition Survey. The prevalence of malnutrition was compared across categories of SES, educational level and ethnicity.Setting: Colombia.Participants: The sample for the current analysis comprised children <5 years, non-pregnant adolescent women (11-19 years) and non-pregnant adult women (20-49 years).Results: In children <5 years, a low SES and maternal educational level were significantly associated with a lower prevalence of overweight/obesity compared with high levels of SES and maternal education, that is, the prevalence of overweight/obesity was 1·4 and 1·6 times lower in categories of low SES and educational levels, respectively. In contrast, the prevalence of wasting, stunting and anaemia was higher in the lowest SES and maternal educational categories (the prevalence was between 1·1 and 1·8 times higher for these indicators). In women, the lowest SES (11 and 19 years) and educational levels (20 and 49 years) exhibited a higher prevalence in all forms of malnutrition compared with their counterparts in the highest categories (i.e. overweight/obesity, stunting and anaemia). Additionally, indigenous or Afro-Colombian children and women had the highest prevalence of malnutrition in comparison with other ethnicities.Conclusions: These results suggest that public policies should address all forms of malnutrition that occur in the most vulnerable populations in Colombia using multiple strategies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2020
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31. Malnutrition in all its forms and socio-economic indicators in Argentina.
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Zapata, María Elisa, Soruco, Ana Inés, Carmuega, Esteban, Batis, Carolina, Mazariegos, Mónica, and Rivera, Juan
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MALNUTRITION ,TEENAGE girls ,FOOD relief ,SHORT stature ,REPRODUCTIVE health ,EDUCATIONAL equalization ,NUTRITION surveys ,EDUCATIONAL attainment - Abstract
Objective: To assess the prevalence of five forms of malnutrition (wasting/underweight, overweight, obesity, stunting/short stature and anaemia) by socio-economic wealth (SEW) and educational level (EL) among children, adolescents and women of reproductive age in Argentina.Design: Analysis from a cross-sectional survey. Anthropometric indicators and prevalence of anaemia were estimated. SEW was classified according to the proportion of contributors in the household, employment status, EL and medical coverage. EL was categorized by years of formal education.Setting: National Health and Nutrition Survey, 2005.Participants: Children (n 27 015) <5 years, adolescent girls (n 1729) 11-19 years, women (n 4401) 20-49 years.Results: In Argentina, 26 % of households lived with unsatisfied basic needs and 23 % received at least one form of food assistance. Any form of malnutrition affected 23 % of children, 36 % of girls and 56 % of women. Children were especially affected by anaemia, overweight/obesity and stunting (15·2, 9·9, 7·4 %, respectively). Girls were affected by overweight/obesity, anaemia and stunting (22·5, 15·2, 6·2 %). Women were strongly affected by overweight/obesity, anaemia and stunting (43·8, 19·8, 10·5 %). Stunting or short stature was higher in low-SEW settings, doubling in prevalence between low and high levels, increasing four times among women in reproductive age (P < 0·05). Excess weight among children was higher in high-SEW settings, in women the tendency was inverse. Anaemia showed different tendency according to SEW.Conclusions: In 2005, Argentina had high rates of excess weight and anaemia, moderate prevalence of stunting and low frequency of wasting/underweight. All forms of malnutrition showed a strong relationship with socio-economic and educational inequality. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2020
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32. Malnutrition in all its forms and social inequalities in Brazil.
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Canella, Daniela Silva, Duran, Ana Clara, Claro, Rafael Moreira, Batis, Carolina, Mazariegos, Mónica, and Rivera, Juan
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EQUALITY ,MALNUTRITION ,SHORT stature ,BRAZILIANS ,TEENAGERS ,BLACK women ,ETHNICITY - Abstract
Objective: To describe malnutrition (undernutrition and excess weight) by income, education and race/ethnicity in the Brazilian population.Design: Cross-sectional study.Setting: Brazil.Participants: Children aged <5 years (n 14 580), adolescents aged 11-19 years (n 31 892) and adults aged 20-49 years (n 84 660).Results: Among children, prevalence of excess weight, wasting and stunting was 16·9, 2·8 and 6·0 %, respectively. Differences related to income, education and race/ethnicity were verified, except for prevalence of wasting by education level. Girls and boys presented 18·4 and 20·5 % of excess weight, 2·8 and 3·7 % of underweight and 5·5 and 7·3 % of stunting, respectively. Prevalence of excess weight was lower among poorer, lower-educated (only for boys) and white adolescents, while stunting was lower among higher-income, higher-educated and white adolescents. Over three-quarters of women and almost half of men presented excess weight. Among adults, 3·9 % of women and 1·7 % of men were underweight, and 5·7 % of women and 0·2 % of men presented short stature. Prevalence of excess weight for women was higher among lower education and black, while for men it was higher among higher income and education and white. Short stature was more prevalent among black and mixed-race, low-educated and low-income women. Underweight prevalence was higher among low-educated, black and mixed-race women.Conclusions: In Brazil, the prevalence of excess weight was at least threefold higher than that of undernutrition for children and adolescents and at least sevenfold higher for adults. Social inequalities were observed in the distribution of malnutrition across the lifespan and by gender. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2020
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33. Malnutrition inequalities in Ecuador: differences by wealth, education level and ethnicity.
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Ramírez-Luzuriaga, María J, Belmont, Philippe, Waters, William F, Freire, Wilma B, Batis, Carolina, Mazariegos, Mónica, and Rivera, Juan
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ETHNICITY ,COST of living ,WEALTH ,INDIGENOUS women ,SHORT stature ,MALNUTRITION - Abstract
Objective: To describe and quantify the magnitude and distribution of stunting, wasting, anaemia, overweight and obesity by wealth, level of education and ethnicity in Ecuador.Design: We used nationally representative data from the 2012 Ecuadorian National Health and Nutrition Survey. We used the Multidimensional Poverty Index (MPI) as a proxy of wealth. The MPI identifies deprivations across three dimensions (health, education and standard of living). We defined education by years of schooling and ethnicity as a social construct, based on shared social, cultural and historical experiences, using Ecuadorian census categories.Setting: Urban and rural Ecuador, including the Amazon rainforest and the Galapagos Islands.Participants: Children aged <5 years (n 8580), adolescent women aged 11-19 years (n 4043) and adult women aged 20-49 years (n 15 203).Results: Among children <5 years, stunting and anaemia disproportionately affected low-wealth, low-education and indigenous groups. Among adolescent and adult women, higher rates of stunting, overweight and obesity were observed in the low-education and low-wealth groups. Stunting and short stature rates were higher in indigenous women, whereas overweight and obesity rates were higher in Afro-Ecuadorian women.Conclusions: Malnutrition differs significantly across sociodemographic groups, disproportionately affecting those in the low wealth tertile and ethnic minorities. Rates of stunting remain high compared with other countries in the region with similar economic development. The effective implementation of double-duty actions with the potential to impact both sides of the double burden is urgently required. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2020
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34. Scaling Up Breastfeeding Programs in Mexico: Lessons Learned from the Becoming Breastfeeding Friendly Initiative
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González de Cosío, Teresita, primary, Ferré, Isabel, additional, Mazariegos, Mónica, additional, and Pérez-Escamilla, Rafael, additional
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- 2018
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35. Las pasarelas de moda como escenificación arquitectónica
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Pérez-Serrabona Romero-Mazariegos, Mónica, Raposo Grau, Javier Francisco, and Salgado de la Rosa, María Asunción
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Arquitectura - Abstract
En ocasiones, la moda puede ser considerada como superficial y una tendencia de gustos, pero lejos de ser así, tiene aspectos mucho más intrínsecos e importantes de gran interés, en los que merece la pena profundizar. En este sentido me interesa investigar y aportar la visión arquitectónica del desfile como espacio estratégico que representa, escenifica y relata el concepto de la colección
- Published
- 2016
36. Lactancia materna y enfermedades crónicas no transmisibles en la vida adulta
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Mazariegos, Mónica and Ramírez Zea, Manuel
- Subjects
Lactancia materna ,adult ,Breastfeeding ,human milk ,leche materna ,enfermedades crónicas no transmisibles ,adulto ,non-communicable diseases - Abstract
Existe evidencia científica que sugiere que la lactancia materna (LM) tiene beneficios a largo plazo, incluyendo un efecto protector contra la aparición de las enfermedades crónicas no transmisibles (ECNT). Por lo tanto, el objetivo de esta revisión fue identificar la evidencia generada sobre la relación de la LM y el desarrollo de las ECNT en la vida adulta. Se realizó una búsqueda electrónica en PubMed de estudios que evaluaran los efectos a largo plazo de la LM sobre los principales factores de riesgo para las ECNT. Se revisaron artículos publicados hasta agosto de 2014. De 75 artículos revisados, 31 fueron incluidos, los cuales fueron publicados entre los años 2001 y 2014. Algunos de los estudios presentados en esta revisión sugieren que la LM podría tener un rol protector en el desarrollo de las ECNT en la edad adulta o sus factores de riesgo, al igual que los mecanismos biológicos plausibles por los que la leche materna podría actuar. La disminución del riesgo de sobrepeso y obesidad es la que dispone de más evidencia, aunque hay resultados contrarios, al igual que para los factores de riesgo de enfermedad cardiovascular. En el caso de la disminución del riesgo de desarrollar diabetes tipo 2 y estados de inflamación, la evidencia aún es muy escasa. A pesar de que la mayoría de resultados provienen de estudios observacionales, lo que limita establecer causalidad, estos resultados pueden utilizarse para dar apoyo a las políticas y programas de salud relacionados con la promoción de la LM. Evidence is increasing that breastfeeding beyond its well-established beneficial effects during the breastfeeding period, also confers long-term benefits, particularly in the prevention of risk factors for non-communicable diseases. Therefore, we sought to identify the latest evidence about the benefits of breastfeeding later in life. We searched on PubMed for published studies assessing the effects of breastfeeding on risk factors for non-communicable diseases later in life (cardiovascular risk factors, obesity/overweight, type-2 diabetes and inflammation). Out of 75 references identified, 31 were included in this revision to review the available evidence on long-term benefits of breastfeeding. The search was completed on December 2014. Some of the reviewed studies suggest that breastfeeding may offer protection to develop risk factors for non-communicable diseases later in life, and also have been proposed several mechanisms for a protective effect of breastfeeding against non-communicable diseases. Although there is more evidence of overweight/obesity and cardiovascular disease these is inconclusive. There is a lack of evidence for type-2 diabetes and inflammation, therefore it is difficult to conclude. Although the majority of the studies are observational and this is a limitation to prove causality, the results of this article may provide support to breastfeeding policies.
- Published
- 2015
37. Social and Economic Development and Change in 4 Guatemalan Villages Over a Half Century
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Ramirez-Zea, Manuel, Mazariegos, Mónica, Melgar, Paúl, Maluccio, John A., Arevalo, Aura Isabel, Alvarez, Andrea, and Alvarez, Marvin
- Abstract
This article describes nearly 50 years of social and economic development and changes that have occurred in the 4 villages of the Institute of Nutrition of Central America and Panama (INCAP) Longitudinal Study (1969-1977). In doing so, it contextualizes the changes in health and nutrition for the study population over that period. Since the start of the INCAP Longitudinal Study, the original 4 villages, like their home country, have undergone tremendous demographic, social, and economic change. Originally rather isolated, road and transportation access for the villages has improved steadily and substantially. The population in the villages has more than doubled. Schooling access and outcomes have also improved substantially, with average grades of schooling tripling and literacy doubling, reaching levels currently on par with national averages. Occupations have also changed over the course of a generation. Early on, subsistence farming and agriculture in general were dominant but are now much less common. Much of this change is associated with declining agricultural markets alongside increased access to nonagricultural jobs near the villages and in the capital. With all these changes have come improvements in living standards. It is within this dynamic context that study participants for the INCAP Longitudinal Study were born and raised and where most now live as adults.
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- 2020
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38. The Case for Investing in Young Children: Contributions of the INCAP Longitudinal Study
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Ramirez-Zea, Manuel, Mazariegos, Mónica, Shekar, Meera, and Saldanha, Lisa S.
- Abstract
This article highlights the important contributions that the Institute of Nutrition of Central America and Panama longitudinal study has made to global development efforts. The studies have made a unique contribution to our understanding of the role of early life nutrition on many outcomes of interest to the global nutrition community and have strengthened narratives such as human capital.
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- 2020
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39. Impact of Nutrition on the Next Generation: The INCAP Longitudinal Study
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Ramirez-Zea, Manuel, Mazariegos, Mónica, and Ramakrishnan, Usha
- Abstract
Background: The design of the original nutrition supplementation trial that was conducted from 1969 to 1977 in 4 villages in rural Guatemala to evaluate the benefits of improving nutrition during pregnancy and early childhood, combined with several follow-up studies, provides unique data to examine the effects of improving nutrition on the next generation.Objective: This article provides a summary of the key findings from the INCAP Longitudinal Study on the intergenerational effects of improving nutrition on the growth and well-being of the next generation.Methods: The key outcomes include offspring birth size as well as attained size and body composition through age 11 years. The sample sizes varied from approximately 200 to 800 depending on the timing of the follow-up studies and data collection protocols. The effects of parental birth size, maternal linear growth from birth through adulthood, and exposure to the nutrition intervention, that is, Atole versus Fresco during critical periods from prenatal through age 15 years, have been examined using complex models and approaches.Results: Overall, these publications demonstrate clear improvements in the growth of the next generation. Effects were seen primarily for maternal exposure to Atole and were larger for boys compared to girls. Stunting during early childhood among girls was also a significant predictor of offspring birth size, and younger age at first pregnancy (<20 years) was associated with an increased risk of stunting in the offspring.Conclusions: These studies have contributed significantly to our understanding of the importance of investing in nutrition, especially during early childhood for future generations.
- Published
- 2020
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40. The Effects of Improved Nutrition in Early Childhood on Adolescent and Early Adulthood Body Size, Composition, Maturity, and Function: Results From the First INCAP Follow-Up Study
- Author
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Ramirez-Zea, Manuel, Mazariegos, Mónica, Haas, Jere D., and Rivera-Dommarco, Juan
- Abstract
The first follow-up study of the original Institute of Nutrition of Central America and Panama Longitudinal Study was conducted in 1988 to 1989 when participants were between the ages of 11 and 27 years. The longer term effects of the original supplementation in early life of either high protein and energy, Atole, or no protein and low energy, Fresco, were seen in anthropometry, skeletal maturation, physical work capacity, and intellectual development, with maximum benefit seen in those participants who had maximum exposure to the supplementation during prenatal and early postnatal years. No effects were observed in bone mineralization and menarche. The long-term positive effects are consistent with the promotion of improved nutrition during the first 1000 days and established the foundation for further follow-up studies as the participants move into adulthood and further develop their human capital.
- Published
- 2020
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41. History and Design of the INCAP Longitudinal Study (1969-1977) and Its Impact in Early Childhood
- Author
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Ramirez-Zea, Manuel, Mazariegos, Mónica, and Martorell, Reynaldo
- Abstract
The Institute of Nutrition of Central America and Panama (INCAP) longitudinal study of 1969 to 1977 was a community randomized trial in which 2 pairs of matched villages received either a protein-rich gruel (atole) or a nonprotein, low-energy drink (fresco). Both contained equal amounts of micronutrients by volume. I review the history and design of the study and impact on dietary intakes and physical growth. The design dates from the 1960s when protein was seen as the main dietary deficiency. During the 1970s, emphasis shifted to energy deficiency and this influenced early analyses. Energy from the 2 drinks during pregnancy was associated with improved birthweights and whether protein was also provided along with energy appeared to make no difference. These analyses, observational in nature, were possible because there was substantial overlap in energy intakes from the supplements during pregnancy across village types. In children, analyses initially focused on energy but eventually relied on the original experimental design. Exposure to the atolecompared to frescowas associated with improved physical growth at 3 years of age but not from 3 to 7 years. Consumption of the frescoin the first 3 years of life was low such that there was little overlap in energy intakes from the supplements, not allowing for the type of analyses done for pregnancy. Diets in atolevillages were greater from 15 to 36 months in protein, energy, and micronutrients, making attribution of impact on growth to a specific nutrient impossible. The atoleimproved linear growth, arm, and calf circumferences at 3 years but not skinfold thicknesses.
- Published
- 2020
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42. Overweight and Obesity, Cardiometabolic Health, and Body Composition: Findings From the Follow-Up Studies of the INCAP Longitudinal Study
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Ramirez-Zea, Manuel, Mazariegos, Mónica, Kroker-Lobos, María F., Ramirez-Zea, Manuel, and Stein, Aryeh D.
- Abstract
Background: There has been increased interest in the hypothesis that undernutrition in early life predisposes to cardiometabolic disease risk in adulthood. The Institute of Nutrition of Central America and Panama Longitudinal Study is able to address one critical aspect of this field, specifically whether improvements in nutrition can prevent this increased risk.Objective: To describe the main findings on obesity and body composition across 5 waves of field work (1988-1989, 1991-1994, 1998-1999, 2002-2004, and 2015-2017) and on cardiometabolic health across 3 waves (1998-1999, 2002-2004, and 2015-2017).Results: Body weight and body fat increased considerably in adulthood, especially among women with sedentary occupations. Adiposity and weight in adulthood were strongly predicted by weight gain after the first 1000 days of life. On the other hand, exposure to improved nutrition in early life reduced diabetes risk by approximately 50% but increased the risk of overweight and obesity.Conclusions: Future research will aid in clarifying the underlying mechanisms that drive the opposite associations among diabetes and obesity with early-life nutrition.
- Published
- 2020
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43. Nutrition, Adult Cognitive Skills, and Productivity: Results and Influence of the INCAP Longitudinal Study
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Ramirez-Zea, Manuel, Mazariegos, Mónica, Behrman, Jere R., Hoddinott, John, and Maluccio, John A.
- Abstract
This article summarizes research based on the INCAP Longitudinal Study that demonstrates the positive effects of the atole intervention on prime-age adult cognitive skills and productivities. The findings are interpreted in the context of a life-cycle stages model in which various factors and investments at each stage of life influence outcomes not only in that stage but in subsequent ones. The results point to the likely importance of improvements in adult cognitive skills due to better early-life nutrition on adult male labor market outcomes as well as on women’s “home productivity” in terms of anthropometrics for the next generation. Possible mechanisms are also explored, including the impacts of early-life exposure to atole on children’s height when starting school, on grades of schooling attainment, and on the extent of experience with higher-skilled jobs, as well as the impacts of improved cognitive skills on wages. Not only are investments in early-life nutrition important for immediate welfare but also they have significant productivity payoffs in adulthood.
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- 2020
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44. Early Childhood Nutrition and Cognitive Functioning in Childhood and Adolescence
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Ramirez-Zea, Manuel, Mazariegos, Mónica, DiGirolamo, Ann M., Ochaeta, Laura, and Flores, Rosa Mery Mejía
- Abstract
Background: The Institute of Nutrition of Central America and Panama (INCAP) Longitudinal Study provides a unique opportunity to examine the role of nutrition in cognitive functioning over time, controlling for other sociocultural factors.Objective: This article describes results of analyses carried out in the INCAP Longitudinal Study on relationships between early childhood nutritional status and supplementation with concurrent and subsequent cognitive development in childhood and adolescence/young adulthood.Methods: Articles were chosen for review that addressed this topic from the original and 1988 follow-up studies; 41 articles were reviewed and key results summarized for relationships between early nutrition and cognition in infancy, early childhood, and adolescence/young adulthood.Results: Overall, results suggest strong relationships between indicators of a child’s early nutritional status and motor and cognitive development in infancy and through the preschool years, continuing into adolescence/young adulthood, particularly for males. Nutritional supplementation during gestation through 2 years of age was associated with improvements in motor development and small, but consistent improvements in cognitive development during infancy and preschool years, with similar results of greater magnitude found with cognitive functioning in adolescence and young adulthood. Findings remain strong after controlling for various sociocultural factors (eg, socioeconomic status [SES]) and schooling. Among adolescents, significant interactions were found with SES and years of school attained; differences in performance favored Atoleover Frescochildren, with greatest differences for participants of low SES and those with higher levels of schooling.Conclusions: Results support the need for programs to address unmet nutritional requirements among at-risk mothers and children and potential beneficial effects for human cognitive development.
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- 2020
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45. Las pasarelas de moda como escenificación arquitectónica
- Author
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Raposo Grau, Javier Francisco, Salgado de la Rosa, María Asunción, Pérez-Serrabona Romero-Mazariegos, Mónica, Raposo Grau, Javier Francisco, Salgado de la Rosa, María Asunción, and Pérez-Serrabona Romero-Mazariegos, Mónica
- Abstract
En ocasiones, la moda puede ser considerada como superficial y una tendencia de gustos, pero lejos de ser así, tiene aspectos mucho más intrínsecos e importantes de gran interés, en los que merece la pena profundizar. En este sentido me interesa investigar y aportar la visión arquitectónica del desfile como espacio estratégico que representa, escenifica y relata el concepto de la colección
- Published
- 2016
46. Scaling Up Breastfeeding Programs in Mexico: Lessons Learned from the Becoming Breastfeeding Friendly Initiative.
- Author
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de Cosío, Teresita González, Ferré, Isabel, Mazariegos, Mónica, and Pérez-Escamilla, Rafael
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- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
47. Can Central America and the Dominican Republic Overcome Malnutrition in All Its Forms?
- Author
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Ramirez-Zea, Manuel, Mazariegos, Mónica, and Siu, Carolina
- Abstract
Malnutrition impairs many forms of human development. In order to tackle nutritional deficiencies and excesses, the science of evidence-based nutrition needs rapid transformations to scale up pro-poor and sustainable actions. The aims of this article are to briefly outline the nutritional challenges faced in Central America and the Dominican Republic, highlight new evidence produced by the Institute of Nutrition of Central America and Panama during the last decade, and foster the implementation of feasible solutions in limited-resourced settings.
- Published
- 2020
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48. City features related to obesity in preschool children: a cross-sectional analysis of 159 cities in six Latin American countries.
- Author
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Zafra-Tanaka JH, Braverman A, Anza-Ramirez C, Ortigoza A, Lazo M, Doberti T, Rodriguez-Osiac L, Lovasi GS, Mazariegos M, Sarmiento O, Pérez Ferrer C, and Miranda JJ
- Abstract
Background: Childhood obesity is a rising global health problem. The rapid urbanization experienced in Latin America might impact childhood obesity through different pathways involving urban built and social features of cities. We aimed to evaluate the association between built and social environment features of cities and childhood obesity across countries and cities in Latin America., Methods: Cross-sectional analysis of data from 20,040 children aged 1-5 years living in 159 large cities in six Latin American countries. We used individual-level anthropometric data for excess weight (overweight or obesity) from health surveys that could be linked to city-level data. City and sub-city level exposures included the social environment (living conditions, service provision and educational attainment) and the built environment (fragmentation, isolation, presence of mass transit, population density, intersection density and percent greenness). Multi-level logistic models were used to explore associations between city features and excess weight, adjusting for age, sex, and head of household education., Findings: The overall prevalence of excess weight among preschool children was 8% but varied substantially between and within countries, ranging from 4% to 25%. Our analysis showed that 97% of the variability was between individuals within sub-city units and around 3% of the variance in z-scores of weight for height was explained by the city and sub-city levels. At the city-level, a higher distance between urban patches (isolation, per 1 SD increase) was associated with lower odds of excess weight (OR 0.90, 95% CI 0.82-0.99). Higher sub-city education was also associated with lower odds of excess weight, but better sub-city living conditions were associated with higher odds of excess weight., Interpretation: Built and social environment features are related to excess weight in preschool children. Our evidence from a wide range of large Latin American cities suggests that urban health interventions may be suitable alternatives towards attaining the goal of reducing excess weight early in the life course., Funding: The SALURBAL project (Salud Urbana en América Latina, Urban Health in Latin America) is funded by Wellcome [205177/Z/16/Z]., Competing Interests: J.J.M. reports grants from Alliance for Health Policy and Systems Research, Bloomberg Philanthropies (via University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Public Health), FONDECYT via CIENCIACTIVA/CONCYTEC, British Council, British Embassy and the Newton-Paulet Fund, DFID/MRC/Wellcome Global Health Trials, Fogarty International Center, Grand Challenges Canada, International Development Research Center Canada, Inter-American Institute for Global Change Research, National Cancer Institute, National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, National Institute of Mental Health, Swiss National Science Foundation, UKRI BBSRC, UKRI EPSRC, UKRI MRC, Wellcome, and the World Diabetes Foundation. J.J.M. discloses a contract with Health Action International; and unpaid participation in DSMB, Nigeria Sodium Study (NaSS); Trial Steering Committee, INTEnsive care bundle with blood pressure Reduction in Acute Cerebral hemorrhage Trial (INTERACT 3); International Advisory Board for the Latin American Brain Health institute (BrainLat) and for the InterAmerican Heart Foundation (IAHF). J.J.M. is co-Chair of Independent Group of Scientists (IGS), 2023 Global Sustainable Development Report, United Nations; Member, Scientific Expert Committee, Global Data Collaborative for CV Population Health, World Health Federation, Microsoft, and Novartis Foundation; Member, Scientific and Technical Advisory Committee (STAC), Alliance for Health Policy and Systems Research, World Health Organization; Member, WHO Technical Advisory Group on NCD-related Research and Innovation (TAG/RI), Noncommunicable Diseases Department, World Health Organization; and Member, Advisory Scientific Committee, Instituto de Investigación Nutricional (Peru). All other authors declare no competing interests., (© 2023 Published by Elsevier Ltd.)
- Published
- 2023
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49. [Breastfeeding and non-communicable diseases later in life].
- Author
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Mazariegos M and Zea MR
- Subjects
- Evidence-Based Medicine, Female, Health Promotion, Humans, Latin America, Risk Factors, Breast Feeding, Chronic Disease prevention & control, Immune System Diseases prevention & control, Lactation
- Abstract
Evidence is increasing that breastfeeding beyond its well-established beneficial effects during the breastfeeding period, also confers long-term benefits, particularly in the prevention of risk factors for non-communicable diseases. Therefore, we sought to identify the latest evidence about the benefits of breastfeeding later in life. We searched on PubMed for published studies assessing the effects of breastfeeding on risk factors for non-communicable diseases later in life (cardiovascular risk factors, obesity/overweight, type-2 diabetes and inflammation). Out of 75 references identified, 31 were included in this revision to review the available evidence on long-term benefits of breastfeeding. The search was completed on December 2014. Some of the reviewed studies suggest that breastfeeding may offer protection to develop risk factors for non-communicable diseases later in life, and also have been proposed several mechanisms for a protective effect of breastfeeding against non-communicable diseases. Although there is more evidence of overweight/obesity and cardiovascular disease these is inconclusive. There is a lack of evidence for type-2 diabetes and inflammation, therefore it is difficult to conclude. Although the majority of the studies are observational and this is a limitation to prove causality, the results of this article may provide support to breastfeeding policies.
- Published
- 2015
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