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Die vorliegende Arbeit beschäftigt sich mit der Unterrichtsmethode des „Escape Rooms“ als Variante des problemorientierten Physikunterrichts. Ziel dieser Arbeit ist es, einen Escape Room zum Thema Optik für die Sekundarstufe 1 zu erstellen und die Unterrichtsmethode in einer Klasse der 8. Schulstufe einer AHS zu erproben. Neben einer Darlegung der aktuellen Forschungsergebnisse zum Thema „Escape Room im (Physik-)Unterricht“, beinhaltet die Arbeit die Erstellung eines digitalen Escape Rooms zum Thema „Reflexion am ebenen Spiegel“. Zusätzlich wurde der Escape Room in einer 4. Klasse der AHS Unterstufe im Rahmen einer explorativen Studie erprobt. Auf Basis dessen umfasst die Arbeit zwei Forschungsfragen. In Forschungsfrage 1 wird untersucht, wie Schülerinnen und Schüler die digitale Umsetzung des Escape Rooms als Variante des problemorientierten Physikunterrichts beurteilen. Dabei wurde mithilfe eines Fragebogens ermittelt, wie Aspekte wie „Organisation und Durchführung des Escape Rooms“, „Motivation und Einstellung“ und „Inhalt“ bewertet werden. Mit der zweiten Forschungsfrage wird untersucht, inwieweit durch den Einsatz des Escape Rooms Lernziele zum Thema Optik erreicht werden können. Dazu wurden vor der Erstellung des Escape Rooms Lernziele festgesetzt, die mithilfe der Unterrichtsmethode problembasiert erarbeitet werden sollen. Mit einer Lernzielkontrolle wurde überprüft, ob diese Lernziele erreicht wurden. Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass die Unterrichtsmethode des digitalen Escape Rooms eine gute Abwechslung zum herkömmlichen Physikunterricht darstellt und in der Anwendung und Organisation sehr unkompliziert ist. Das Befinden der Schülerinnen und Schüler hinsichtlich der Punkte Organisation, Motivation und Einstellung kann als sehr positiv bewertet werden. Des Weiteren konnten die Lernziele überwiegend erreicht werden. eingereicht von Astrid Mayer, BEd Angefertigt an der Pädagogischen Hochschule Oberösterreich Masterarbeit Universität Linz 2022

ECLIPSE (Exploring the Current Landscape of Intravenous Infusion Practices & Errors): Debrief and focus group guides. This document provides the debrief and focus group guides that were developed as part of phase 1 of the ECLIPSE project. (DOC 46 kb)

Background Data suggest selective internal radiotherapy (SIRT) in third-line or subsequent therapy for metastatic colorectal cancer has clinical benefit in patients with colorectal liver metastases with liver-dominant disease after chemotherapy. The FOXFIRE, SIRFLOX, and FOXFIRE-Global randomised studies evaluated the efficacy of combining first-line chemotherapy with SIRT using yttrium-90 resin microspheres in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer with liver metastases. The studies were designed for combined analysis of overall survival. Methods FOXFIRE, SIRFLOX, and FOXFIRE-Global were randomised, phase 3 trials done in hospitals and specialist liver centres in 14 countries worldwide (Australia, Belgium, France, Germany, Israel, Italy, New Zealand, Portugal, South Korea, Singapore, Spain, Taiwan, the UK, and the USA). Chemotherapy-naive patients with metastatic colorectal cancer (WHO performance status 0 or 1) with liver metastases not suitable for curative resection or ablation were randomly assigned (1: 1) to either oxaliplatin-based chemotherapy (FOLFOX: leucovorin, fluorouracil, and oxaliplatin) or FOLFOX plus single treatment SIRT concurrent with cycle 1 or 2 of chemotherapy. In FOXFIRE, FOLFOX chemotherapy was OxMdG (oxaliplatin modified de Gramont chemotherapy; 85 mg/m(2) oxaliplatin infusion over 2 h, L-leucovorin 175 mg or D,L-leucovorin 350 mg infusion over 2 h, and 400 mg/m(2) bolus fluorouracil followed by a 2400 mg/m(2) continuous fluorouracil infusion over 46 h). In SIRFLOX and FOXFIRE-Global, FOLFOX chemotherapy was modified FOLFOX6 (85 mg/m(2) oxaliplatin infusion over 2 h, 200 mg leucovorin, and 400 mg/m(2) bolus fluorouracil followed by a 2400 mg/m(2) continuous fluorouracil infusion over 46 h). Randomisation was done by central minimisation with four factors: presence of extrahepatic metastases, tumour involvement of the liver, planned use of a biological agent, and investigational centre. Participants and investigators were not masked to treatment. The primary endpoint was overall survival, analysed in the intention-to-treat population, using a two-stage meta-analysis of pooled individual patient data. All three trials have completed 2 years of follow-up. FOXFIRE is registered with the ISRCTN registry, number ISRCTN83867919. SIRFLOX and FOXFIRE-Global are registered with ClinicalTrials.gov, numbers NCT00724503 (SIRFLOX) and NCT01721954 (FOXFIRE-Global). Findings Between Oct 11, 2006, and Dec 23, 2014, 549 patients were randomly assigned to FOLFOX alone and 554 patients were assigned FOLFOX plus SIRT. Median follow-up was 43.3 months (IQR 31.6-58.4). There were 411 (75%) deaths in 549 patients in the FOLFOX alone group and 433 (78%) deaths in 554 patients in the FOLFOX plus SIRT group. There was no difference in overall survival (hazard ratio [HR] 1.04, 95% CI 0.90-1.19; p=0.61). The median survival time in the FOLFOX plus SIRT group was 22.6 months (95% CI 21.0-24.5) compared with 23.3 months (21.8-24.7) in the FOLFOX alone group. In the safety population containing patients who received at least one dose of study treatment, as treated, the most common grade 3-4 adverse event was neutropenia (137 [24%] of 571 patients receiving FOLFOX alone vs 186 (37%) of 507 patients receiving FOLFOX plus SIRT). Serious adverse events of any grade occurred in 244 (43%) of 571 patients receiving FOLFOX alone and 274 (54%) of 507 patients receiving FOLFOX plus SIRT. 10 patients in the FOLFOX plus SIRT group and 11 patients in the FOLFOX alone group died due to an adverse event; eight treatment-related deaths occurred in the FOLFOX plus SIRT group and three treatment-related deaths occurred in the FOLFOX alone group. Interpretation Addition of SIRT to first-line FOLFOX chemotherapy for patients with liver-only and liver-dominant metastatic colorectal cancer did not improve overall survival compared with that for FOLFOX alone. Therefore, early use of SIRT in combination with chemotherapy in unselected patients with metastatic colorectal cancer cannot be recommended. To further define the role of SIRT in metastatic colorectal cancer, careful patient selection and studies investigating the role of SIRT as consolidation therapy after chemotherapy are needed. Copyright (C) The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Ltd. This is an Open Access article under the CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 license.

Introduction Intravenous medication is essential for many hospital inpatients. However, providing intravenous therapy is complex and errors are common. ‘Smart pumps’ incorporating dose error reduction software have been widely advocated to reduce error. However, little is known about their effect on patient safety, how they are used or their likely impact. This study will explore the landscape of intravenous medication infusion practices and errors in English hospitals and how smart pumps may relate to the prevalence of medication administration errors. \ud Methods and analysis This is a mixed-methods study involving an observational quantitative point prevalence study to determine the frequency and types of errors that occur in the infusion of intravenous medication, and qualitative interviews with hospital staff to better understand infusion practices and the contexts in which errors occur. The study will involve 5 clinical areas (critical care, general medicine, general surgery, paediatrics and oncology), across 14 purposively sampled acute hospitals and 2 paediatric hospitals to cover a range of intravenous infusion practices. Data collectors will compare each infusion running at the time of data collection against the patient's medication orders to identify any discrepancies. The potential clinical importance of errors will be assessed. Quantitative data will be analysed descriptively; interviews will be analysed using thematic analysis. \ud Ethics and dissemination Ethical approval has been obtained from an NHS Research Ethics Committee (14/SC/0290); local approvals will be sought from each participating organisation. Findings will be published in peer-reviewed journals and presented at conferences for academic and health professional audiences. Results will also be fed back to participating organisations to inform local policy, training and procurement. Aggregated findings will inform the debate on costs and benefits of the NHS investing in smart pump technology, and what other changes may need to be made to ensure effectiveness of such an investment.