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Curcumin has protective actions in neuropsychiatric disorders, acting as a neuroprotective agent. As a first approach, the study aimed at a systematic review of the potential effects of curcumin on cognitive performance for attention-deficit-hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). This research was carried out in the databases of PubMed, Embase, SciELO, the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), the Web of Science, and the Grey literature. Upon discovering the scarcity of relevant studies, and knowing that curcumin might have an ADHD hyperactive and anxious behavior, the study proposed to evaluate the effects of curcumin in an ADHD phenotype of spontaneously hypertensive Wistar rats (SHR). No studies were found that related to curcumin and ADHD. Fifteen SHRs were then divided into separate groups that received water (1 mg/kg/day), curcumin (50 mg/kg/day), or methylphenidate (1 mg/kg/day) for 42 days. Behavioral tests to assess activity (Open Field Test), anxiety and impulsivity (Elevated Plus-Maze, and Social Interaction), and memory (Y-Maze, and the Object Recognition Test) were all performed. The animals that were treated with curcumin showed less anxious and hyperactive behavior, as seen in the Open Field Test and the Social Interaction Test. Anxious behavior was measured by the EPM and was not modulated by any treatment. The results of the Y-Maze Test demonstrated that curcumin improved spatial memory. In the Object Recognition Test, neither the short nor the long-term memory was improved. The treatments that were used in this study beneficially modulated the anxious and hyperactive behavior of the SHR.

SUMMARY OBJECTIVE: To gather scientific evidence on the role of diet in inflammatory bowel diseases. METHODS: Integrative review with studies published in the last 10 years in national and international journals. Original studies developed with adult human beings aged ≥18 years were included and articles published before 2010, literature reviews, and those that did not focus on elements that answered the guiding question were excluded. RESULTS: 14 articles were selected that addressed important dietary elements in inflammatory bowel disease such as fermentable carbohydrates and polyols, foods of animal origin, foods rich in omega 3, consumption of fruits and vegetables, use of probiotic supplements, whey proteins and soy. CONCLUSION: The diet, as a potentially modifiable environmental factor, plays an important role in the prevention and treatment of inflammatory bowel diseases. The reduction in the consumption of fermentable carbohydrates and polyols combined with the increase in the consumption of fruits and vegetables as well as the exclusion of products of animal origin such as beef, pork, milk and eggs can help control inflammation and improve the quality of life of patients with inflammatory bowel diseases. The use of probiotics increases food tolerance and, whey and soy proteins, can alter body composition and reduce inflammation. RESUMO OBJETIVO: Reunir evidências científicas sobre o papel da dieta nas doenças inflamatórias intestinais. MÉTODOS: Revisão integrativa com estudos publicados nos últimos 10 anos em periódicos nacionais e internacionais. Foram incluídos estudos originais desenvolvidos com seres humanos adultos com idade ≥18anos e excluídos artigos publicados antes de 2010, revisões de literatura, e os que não apresentassem como foco elementos que respondessem a pergunta norteadora. RESULTADOS: Foram selecionados 14 artigos que abordaram elementos dietéticos importantes na doença inflamatória intestinal como carboidratos e polióis fermentáveis, alimentos de origem animal, alimentos ricos em ômega 3, consumo de frutas e vegetais, uso de suplementos com probióticos, proteínas do soro do leite e soja. CONCLUSÃO: A dieta, como fator ambiental potencialmente modificável desempenha importante papel na prevenção e tratamento das doenças inflamatórias intestinas. A redução no consumo de carboidratos e polióis fermentáveis aliado ao aumento do consumo de frutas e vegetais como também a exclusão de produtos de origem animal como carne bovina, carne suína, leite e ovo podem auxiliar no controle da inflamação e melhoria da qualidade de vida dos pacientes com doenças inflamatórias intestinais. O uso de probióticos aumenta a tolerância alimentar e, proteínas do soro do leite e soja, podem alterar a composição corporal e reduzir a inflamação.

Background: Curcumin has protective actions in neuropsychiatric disorders. Its mechanism of action is associated with the restoration of catecholaminergic balance, reduction of oxidative/nitrosative stress, protection against inflammation, and neuroprotection. Objective: In a first approach, the study presents an empty review of the potential effect of curcumin on cognitive performance in attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD).Methods: On a second moment, seeing the scarcity of studies and knowing that ADHD is related to hyperactive and anxious behavior, 20 spontaneously hypertensive Wistar rats (SHR) were divided into groups that received water (1 mg/kg/day), curcumin (50 mg/kg/day), or methylphenidate (1 mg/kg/day) for 42 days. Behavioral tests to assess activity (Open Field test), anxiety and impulsivity (Elevated Plus Maze, and Social Interaction), and memory (Y Maze and Object Recognition Test) were performed. Results: Animals treated with curcumin showed less anxious and hyperactive behavior. Related to the memory, the results can be related to hyperactivity. Conclusion: Thus, the data suggest that the treatments used here can beneficially modulate the anxious and hyperactive behavior of SHR.

Food allergies are known as the public health problem, affecting people of all age groups, but more commonly in babies and children, with consequences for nutritional status and quality of life. The increase in the consumption of healthy foods has consequently led to an increased demand for functional foods with specific health benefits. Thus, the pharmaceutical industry's interest in natural products has grown every time and is therefore considered as an alternative to synthetic drugs. Kefir has been outstanding for several years as promising in the manufacture of various pharmaceutical products, due to its nutritional and therapeutic properties for the treatment of many diseases. Currently, a wide variety of new functional foods are appearing on the market, representing an important segment. Postbiotics, for example, has stood out for being a product with action similar to probiotics, without offering side effects. The kefiran is the postbiotic from kefir that promotes potential beneficial effects on food allergy from the intestinal microbiome to the immune system. In this context, it is necessary to know the main promoting component of this functional effect. This review compiles the benefits that kefir, and especially its postbiotic, kefiran, can bring to food allergy. In addition, it serve as a subsidy for studies on the development of innovative nutraceutical products, including the use of kefiran as an alternative therapy in food allergy.

As Doenças Inflamatórias Intestinais (DIIs) afetam geralmente indivíduos jovens, tem incidência global e representam importante problema de saúde pública na atualidade. A retocolite ulcerativa é a doença inflamatória intestinal mais comum, caracterizada pela inflamação crônica e difusa da mucosa intestinal, frequentemente limitada ao cólon, apresentando como principais sintomas, dor abdominal e diarreia mucosanguinolenta, compromentendo substancialmente a qualidade de vida dos indivíduos por ela acometidos. Possui etiologia ainda não totalmente esclarecida, entretanto foi estabelecido que um gatilho ainda desconhecido desencadeie, em indivíduos geneticamente predispostos, resposta imune aberrante que culmina com processos inflamatórios. Os elementos fisiopatológicos primordiais que dirigem o início, evolução e, em última instância, a resolução das DIIs são as respostas das citocinas que as caracterizam. O primeiro nível de respostas de citocinas é regido pelos padrões de diferenciação de células T característicos em cada doença. O objetivo deste trabalho foi realizar uma revisão da literatura para reunir evidências sobre o perfil de citocinas caracteristicas da retocolite ulcerativa. O estudo foi realizado por meio de uma revisão de literatura, com o levantamento de evidências científicas nas bases de dados Pub Med, Science Direct e Scopus. A retocolite ulcerativa classicamente apresentava-se como uma doença inflamatória mediada por células Th2, que tem como citocinas características a IL 4, IL 5, IL 13, IL 21 e IL 25, entretanto evidências recentes reconheceram a existência de significativa acomodação entre ativação de células Th2 e Th1(IFN γ, IL 2 e TNF α) e ainda a participação auxiliar de células Th9, Th17 e Th22 e células T reguladoras.

O zinco é um elemento multifuncional, essencial para todos os processos fisiológicos, atuando como catalisador, elemento estrutural e regulador. A deficiência do mineral associa-se a quadros patológicos graves que surgem em sua grande maioria em função da deficiência alimentar, presença de compostos quelantes nos alimentos, distúrbios no processo de absorção gastrointestinal ou elevação dos níveis urinários. Há muito tempo o zinco tem sido utilizado como um agente terapêutico no tratamento coadjuvante de várias doenças. A suplementação com zinco demonstrou efeitos benéficos, em situações de dietas pobres em produtos animais ou rica em fitatos e, ainda em indivíduos hipozincêmicos. O objetivo do trabalho foi realizar uma revisão sistemática sobre as estratégias de suplementação com zinco em adultos nos últimos dez anos. Os dados foram obtidos por meio de uma revisão sistemática da literatura que foi desenvolvida com a busca de artigos nas bases de dados Pub Med, Science Direct e Scielo por dois pesquisadores de forma independente. Foram inclusos na revisão, 25 artigos. A forma mais utilizada para suplementação foi o sulfato de zinco (60% dos estudos) e gluconato de zinco em 24% das pesquisas. A dosagem diária variou entre 12 mg e 150 mg de zinco elementar, com duração variando de quatro dias a dezoito meses. O zinco é fundamental para a saúde humana e sua utilização como suplemento tem sido frequente para indivíduos saudáveis e na terapia auxiliar e prevenção de muitas doenças, tendo como principais formas de suplemento o sulfato e gluconato de zinco.

At the end of 2019, the new coronavirus 2019 emerged in Wuhan, China, being responsible for the COVID-19 disease, which causes several clinical conditions ranging from mild nonspecific symptoms to severe pneumonia with damage to organic function. Taking into consideration that a balanced diet can significantly help patients in the control of chronic infectious diseases, the aim of this study was to discuss and present recent data regarding the role of vitamins A, C, D, and E, and the minerals zinc and selenium in the treatment of COVID-19. This is a narrative review concerning the aspects of the COVID-19 pandemic and data related to vitamins and minerals, as well as its nutritional importance for the treatment of the disease. The alterations caused by the deficiency of plasma concentrations of vitamins and minerals involve the reduction of the good performance of the immune system, which is one of the factors that lead to a deficient immune state. However, further studies are needed to elucidate the relationship between micronutrients and infection caused by COVID-19.

Ulcerative colitis is a disease mainly characterized by chronic inflammation and an increased production of pro inflammatory cytokines and reactive oxygen species, which are frequently associated with zinc (Zn) deficiency. Zn supplementation can be beneficial to the treatment of ulcerative colitis, because of the anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties of Zn. A blind intervention study involving 41 patients diagnosed with ulcerative colitis, aimed at evaluating the effect of Zn supplementation (35 mg Zn gluconate/day for 30 days) on the plasma and erythrocyte concentrations of Zn, the gene expression of metallothionein 1 G (MT1G) and ZIP-14, and the serum levels of TNF-α, IL-6, IL-10 was performed. Significant increases in the plasma and erythrocyte concentrations of Zn were observed after Zn supplementation (p

Objetivos: verificar a adequação da ingestão de ferro e ácido fólico por gestantes de acordo com as recomendações preconizadas para essa fase. Métodos: Estudo transversal que envolveu 24 gestantes atendidas em Unidades Básicas de Saúde. As gestantes responderam ao questionário com dados socioeconômicos e gestacionais conforme dados presentes na caderneta da gestante do Ministério da Saúde. O estado nutricional das gestantes foi classificado conforme o Índice de Massa Corporal gestacional. A quantificação da ingestão dietética referente à energia, macronutrientes, ferro e ácido fólico foram calculadas com o auxílio do programa NutWin. Para fins de adequação, os resultados foram comparados com os valores de referência recomendados pela Organização Mundial de Saúde para energia e marcronutrientes e com o proposto pelo Institute of Medicine para micronutrientes durante o período gestacional. Resultados: Com relação ao estado nutricional, 41,7% estavam com o peso adequado, 25% com sobrepeso e 16,7% com obesidade. Observou-se diferença estatisticamente significativa entre a ingestão e recomendação de carboidratos (p < 0,05), ácido fólico alimentar (p < 0,05), ácido fólico total (p < 0,05), ferro alimentar (p < 0,05) e ferro total (p < 0,05). Das 24 gestantes 58,3% eram casadas, 83,3% completaram ensino médio ou superior e 100% tinham a renda mensal menor que 5 salarios mínimos. Conclusão: As gestantes apresentam inadequação quanto ao consumo de micronutrientes, o que evidencia a importância da suplementação individualizada das mesmas, com base na análise prévia da ingestão alimentar de micronutrientes e biomarcadores dos mesmos, para melhor atender as necessidades individuais desse período.

Objective Crohn disease (CD) is characterized by chronic intestinal inflammation and various factors involved in its pathogenesis including oxidative stress. The oxidative stress in CD may compromise antioxidant nutrients, such as selenium. The aim of this study was to assess the status of selenium and its relationship with markers of oxidative stress in patients with CD in comparison to controls. Methods The study included 47 patients with CD (20 with active disease and 27 in remission) and 25 healthy individuals. Blood samples were collected for the analysis of plasma and erythrocyte selenium concentrations using inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES). Selenoprotein P (SepP) was evaluated by sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, erythrocyte glutathione peroxidase (GPx1) activity was assessed by using an automatic biochemistry analyzer, and the concentration of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) was measured. Comparative analyses were performed using one-way analysis of variance and Tukey's post hoc test. For correlations, Pearson's coefficient test was used. The determinants for CD and lipid peroxidation were indicated by odds ratio. Results Plasma and erythrocyte selenium levels and SepP concentrations were lower in the CD patient groups than in the healthy group. GPx1 activity and the concentration of TBARS were significantly higher in the CD groups. In the univariate analysis, plasma and erythrocyte selenium and TBARS were associated with CD. Conclusion Patients with CD have impaired selenium status, which is related to the increased oxidative stress observed in these patients.

Aim To evaluate the biocompatibility of two pastes designed to fill the root canals of primary teeth. Methodology A study group of 54 mice received subcutaneous tissue implants of polyethylene tubes containing CTZ or calcium hydroxide paste or, as a negative control, empty tubes. Biocompatibility was evaluated on days 7, 21 and 63, yielding a total of nine groups of six animals each. Following the experimental intervals, the implant areas were removed and subjected to histologic processing. After the tissues were stained with HE and Masson trichrome, two pathologists performed a histologic analysis of the samples in a blinded manner. Collagen fibre formation, tissue thickness and inflammatory cell infiltration were analysed qualitatively. Quantitative morphometry was performed for the thickness, perimeter length and tissue area of the region in direct contact with the open tube. anova with the Tukey post-test and Kruskal–Wallis analysis followed by Dunn's post-test, with significance established as P

Aim To report the intentional replantation of a maxillary central incisor with a crown-root fracture. Summary An 11-year-old girl was referred to a paediatric clinic with an extensive crown-root fracture of the maxillary right central incisor (tooth 11) with pulp exposure. Radiographs revealed that tooth 11 had a periapical radiolucent lesion, which suggested pulpal necrosis. The treatment option chosen was planned extraction and immediate intentional replantation of tooth 11 in a more coronal position. Sixteen years after treatment, tooth 11 was aesthetically and functionally sound, suggesting that the treatment was successful. Key learning point Intentional replantation may be considered as a treatment option for teeth with crown-root fractures.

Introduction: Hyperhomocysteinemia has been identified as a risk factor for peripheral vascular disease. Objective: The main objective was doing a review of literature on homocysteine as a risk factor for cardiovascular disease. Methods: It was performed a descriptive bibliographic research in the electronic libraries SciELO and PubMed. Results: In this review twenty two scientific articles were included. Some studies showed an association between hyperhomocysteinemia and cardiovascular risk, placing the former as an important risk factor for vascular disease today. However, there are no conclusive studies demonstrating the hyperhomocysteinemia as an independent predictor of cardiovascular risk, for some authors it may be a consequence of a previous vascular event and not a risk factor. Conclusion: Although several studies have shown an association between hyperhomocysteinemia and cardiovascular risk, additional studies are needed to clarify whether the hyperhomocysteinemia is a cause or consequence of cardiovascular disease, and elucidate the pro-atherosclerotic mechanisms associated with hyperhomocysteinemia.

O objetivo desse estudo foi avaliar o desempenho clinico de dois cimentos de ionômero de vidro (CIV) utilizados no Tratamento Restaurador Atraumático (ART) em dentes decíduos. Foi realizado ensaio clínico randomizado controlado (REBEC RBR-4nwmk4) com amostra composta por crianças de 2 a 6 anos de idade matriculadas em creches do município de Teresina-PI (CEP-UFPI Parecer 708718). Dois grupos de tratamento foram formados: Controle (CIV de alta viscosidade Ketac Molar©) e Teste (CIV convencional indicado para ART Vitro Molar©). As restaurações foram realizadas na própria creche por duas cirurgiãs-dentistas previamente treinadas. Após seis meses, as restaurações foram examinadas de acordo com os critérios de avaliação de ART por outra cirurgiã- dentista treinada, calibrada e cega para o tipo de material. Das 462 crianças que apresentavam cárie dentária, 347 (75,1%) possuíam lesões com indicação para ART. Foram realizadas 786 restaurações inseridas de forma consecutiva nos grupos. Após seis meses obteve-se para as restaurações do grupo Teste e Controle, uma taxa de sucesso de 80% e 89,8%, respectivamente. A sobrevida foi associada ao tipo de cavidade (p0,001) e ao tipo de material (p0,006), maior taxa de sucesso para restaurações Classe I (93,6%) e para o CIV de alta viscosidade. Concluiu-se que, após seis meses, as restaurações realizadas com CIV de alta viscosidade apresentaram maior sobrevida que as restaurações com CIV convencional indicado para ART.Palavras-chave: Dental Atraumatic Restorative Treatment. Glass Ionomer Cements. Deciduous Tooth.