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109 results on '"Maxion, Roy A."'

1. Forensic Camera Identification: Effects of Off-Nominal Exposures

Author

Martin, Abby, Maxion, Roy, and Newman, Jennifer

Subjects
Electrical Engineering and Systems Science - Image and Video Processing
Abstract

Photo response non-uniformity (PRNU) is a technology that can match a digital photograph to the camera that took it. Due to its use in forensic investigations and use by forensic experts in court, it is important that error rates for this technology are reliable for a wide range of evidence image types. In particular, images with off-nominal exposures are not uncommon. This paper presents a preliminary investigation of the impact that images with different exposure types - too dark or too light - have on error rates for PRNU source camera identification. We construct a new dataset comprised of 8400 carefully collected images ranging from under-exposed (too dark) to nominally exposed to over-exposed (too bright). We first establish baseline error rates using only nominally exposed images, resulting in a true-positive rate of 100% and a true-negative rate of 99.92%. When off-nominal images are tested, we find striking results: the true-negative rate for under-exposed images is 99.46% (a false-positive rate of roughly one in two hundred, typically unacceptable in a forensic context), and for over-exposed images the true-positive rate falls to 82.90%. Our results highlight the importance of continued study of error rates for the PRNU source camera identification to assure adherence to the high standards set for admissibility of forensic evidence in court., Comment: This work has been submitted to the IEEE for possible publication

Published
2024

4. On User Interaction Behavior as Evidence for Computer Forensic Analysis

Author

Shen, Chao, Cai, Zhongmin, Maxion, Roy A., Guan, Xiaohong, Hutchison, David, Series editor, Kanade, Takeo, Series editor, Kittler, Josef, Series editor, Kleinberg, Jon M., Series editor, Kobsa, Alfred, Series editor, Mattern, Friedemann, Series editor, Mitchell, John C., Series editor, Naor, Moni, Series editor, Nierstrasz, Oscar, Series editor, Pandu Rangan, C., Series editor, Steffen, Bernhard, Series editor, Terzopoulos, Demetri, Series editor, Tygar, Doug, Series editor, Weikum, Gerhard, Series editor, Shi, Yun Qing, editor, Kim, Hyoung-Joong, editor, and Pérez-González, Fernando, editor

Published
2014
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5. A Study of the Consistency in Keystroke Dynamics

Author

Shen, Chao, Maxion, Roy A., Cai, Zhongmin, Hutchison, David, Serieseditor, Kanade, Takeo, Serieseditor, Kittler, Josef, Serieseditor, Kleinberg, Jon M., Serieseditor, Mattern, Friedemann, Serieseditor, Mitchell, John C., Serieseditor, Naor, Moni, Serieseditor, Nierstrasz, Oscar, Serieseditor, Pandu Rangan, C., Serieseditor, Steffen, Bernhard, Serieseditor, Sudan, Madhu, Serieseditor, Terzopoulos, Demetri, Serieseditor, Tygar, Doug, Serieseditor, Vardi, Moshe Y., Serieseditor, Weikum, Gerhard, Serieseditor, Sun, Zhenan, editor, Shan, Shiguan, editor, Yang, Gongping, editor, Zhou, Jie, editor, Wang, Yunhong, editor, and Yin, YiLong, editor

Published
2013
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6. Making Experiments Dependable

Author

Maxion, Roy, Hutchison, David, Series editor, Kanade, Takeo, Series editor, Kittler, Josef, Series editor, Kleinberg, Jon M., Series editor, Mattern, Friedemann, Series editor, Mitchell, John C., Series editor, Naor, Moni, Series editor, Nierstrasz, Oscar, Series editor, Pandu Rangan, C., Series editor, Steffen, Bernhard, Series editor, Sudan, Madhu, Series editor, Terzopoulos, Demetri, Series editor, Tygar, Doug, Series editor, Vardi, Moshe Y., Series editor, Weikum, Gerhard, Series editor, Jones, Cliff B., editor, and Lloyd, John L., editor

Published
2011
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7. Why Did My Detector Do That?! : Predicting Keystroke-Dynamics Error Rates

Author

Killourhy, Kevin, Maxion, Roy, Hutchison, David, editor, Kanade, Takeo, editor, Kittler, Josef, editor, Kleinberg, Jon M., editor, Mattern, Friedemann, editor, Mitchell, John C., editor, Naor, Moni, editor, Nierstrasz, Oscar, editor, Pandu Rangan, C., editor, Steffen, Bernhard, editor, Sudan, Madhu, editor, Terzopoulos, Demetri, editor, Tygar, Doug, editor, Vardi, Moshe Y., editor, Weikum, Gerhard, editor, Jha, Somesh, editor, Sommer, Robin, editor, and Kreibich, Christian, editor

Published
2010
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10. The Effect of Clock Resolution on Keystroke Dynamics

Author

Killourhy, Kevin, Maxion, Roy, Hutchison, David, editor, Kanade, Takeo, editor, Kittler, Josef, editor, Kleinberg, Jon M., editor, Mattern, Friedemann, editor, Mitchell, John C., editor, Naor, Moni, editor, Nierstrasz, Oscar, editor, Pandu Rangan, C., editor, Steffen, Bernhard, editor, Sudan, Madhu, editor, Terzopoulos, Demetri, editor, Tygar, Doug, editor, Vardi, Moshe Y., editor, Weikum, Gerhard, editor, Lippmann, Richard, editor, Kirda, Engin, editor, and Trachtenberg, Ari, editor

Published
2008
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11. Anomaly Detector Performance Evaluation Using a Parameterized Environment

Author

Hansen, Jeffery P., Tan, Kymie M. C., Maxion, Roy A., Hutchison, David, editor, Kanade, Takeo, editor, Kittler, Josef, editor, Kleinberg, Jon M., editor, Mattern, Friedemann, editor, Mitchell, John C., editor, Naor, Moni, editor, Nierstrasz, Oscar, editor, Pandu Rangan, C., editor, Steffen, Bernhard, editor, Sudan, Madhu, editor, Terzopoulos, Demetri, editor, Tygar, Dough, editor, Vardi, Moshe Y., editor, Weikum, Gerhard, editor, Zamboni, Diego, editor, and Kruegel, Christopher, editor

Published
2006
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16. Masquerade detection augmented with error analysis

Author

Maxion, Roy A. and Townsend, Tahlia N.

Subjects
Masquerades -- Analysis, Error-correcting codes -- Analysis, Data security -- Analysis, Data security issue, Business, Electronics, Electronics and electrical industries
Abstract

The data provided by Schonlau et al. is used to demonstrate the new technique for masquerade detection, which yields 56 per cent improvement in correct detection at the lowest false alarm rate. A masquerade attack, in which one user impersonates another, is one of the most serious forms of computer abuse.

Published
2004

18. Anomaly detection in embedded systems

Author

Maxion, Roy A. and Tan, Kymie M.C.

Subjects
Embedded system, Fault tolerance, Embedded systems -- Research, Fault tolerance (Computers) -- Research, Computer industry -- Research
Published
2002

35. Deep Focus: Increasing User Depth of Field to Improve Threat Detection (Oxford Workshop Poster)

Author

CARNEGIE-MELLON UNIV PITTSBURGH PA SOFTWARE ENGINEERING INST, Claycomb, William R, Maxion, Roy, Clark, Jason, Woods, Bronwyn, Lindauer, Brian, Jensen, David, Neil, Joshua, Kent, Alex, Creese, Sadie, Legg, Phil, CARNEGIE-MELLON UNIV PITTSBURGH PA SOFTWARE ENGINEERING INST, Claycomb, William R, Maxion, Roy, Clark, Jason, Woods, Bronwyn, Lindauer, Brian, Jensen, David, Neil, Joshua, Kent, Alex, Creese, Sadie, and Legg, Phil

Abstract

We believe insider threat detection methods can be improved by monitoring and analyzing features of user behavior not typically associated with indicators of malicious insider behavior. Anomalous behaviors and statistical outliers observed in such data sets may identify new indicators or help reduce high false positive rates associated with existing indicators., The original document contains color images.

Published
2014

40. Should Security Researchers Experiment More and Draw More Inferences?

Author

CARNEGIE-MELLON UNIV PITTSBURGH PA DEPT OF COMPUTER SCIENCE, Killourhy, Kevin S., Maxion, Roy A., CARNEGIE-MELLON UNIV PITTSBURGH PA DEPT OF COMPUTER SCIENCE, Killourhy, Kevin S., and Maxion, Roy A.

Abstract

Two methodological practices are well established in other scientific disciplines yet remain rare in computer-security research: comparative experiments and statistical inferences. Comparative experiments offer the only way to control factors that might vary from one study to the next. Statistical inferences enable a researcher to draw general conclusions from empirical results. Despite their widespread use in other sciences, these practices are haphazardly used in security research. Choosing keystroke dynamics as an example to study, we survey the literature. Of 80 papers wherein these practices would be appropriate, only 43 (53.75%) performed comparative experiments, and only 6 (7.5%) drew statistical inferences. In disciplines such as medicine, comparative experiments and statistical inferences save lives and cut costs. Rigorous methodological standards are required. We see no reason why security research, another discipline where the stakes are critically high, cannot or should not adopt these practices as well. Failure to take a more scientific approach to security research stalls progress and leaves us vulnerable.

Published
2011

42. An Approach to Measuring a System's Attack Surface

Author

CARNEGIE-MELLON UNIV PITTSBURGH PA SCHOOL OF COMPUTER SCIENCE, Manadhata, Pratyusa K., Tan, Kymie M., Maxion, Roy A., Wing, Jeannette M., CARNEGIE-MELLON UNIV PITTSBURGH PA SCHOOL OF COMPUTER SCIENCE, Manadhata, Pratyusa K., Tan, Kymie M., Maxion, Roy A., and Wing, Jeannette M.

Abstract

Practical software security measurements and metrics are critical to the improvement of software security. We propose a metric to determine whether one software system is more secure than another similar system with respect to their attack surface. We use a system's attack surface measurement as an indicator of the system's security; the larger the attack surface, the more insecure the system. We measure a system's attack surface in terms of three kinds of resources used in attacks on the system: methods, channels, and data. We demonstrate the use of our attack surface metric by measuring the attack surfaces of two open source IMAP servers and two FTP daemons. We validated the attack surface metric by conducting an expert user survey and by performing statistical analysis of Microsoft Security Bulletins. Our metric can be used as a tool by software developers in the software development process and by software consumers in their decision making process., This TR supersedes CMU-CS-05-155, "An Attack Surface Metric."

Published
2007

43. Developing a Defense-Centric Attack Taxonomy

Author

CARNEGIE-MELLON UNIV PITTSBURGH PA, Maxion, Roy A., Killourhy, Kevin S., Tan, Kymie M., CARNEGIE-MELLON UNIV PITTSBURGH PA, Maxion, Roy A., Killourhy, Kevin S., and Tan, Kymie M.

Abstract

Most attack taxonomies are organized from the perspective of attackers' goals. One example of an attacker goal is privilege escalation from user to root. Taxonomies based on attacker goals are attack-centric, largely serving the goals of an attacker, and to a lesser extent, the defender. Defenders need a way of determining whether or not their detectors will detect a given attack. A defense-centric taxonomy may be better suited to this role than an attack centric taxonomy. This research presents a new, defense-centric attack taxonomy, based on the way that attacks manifest as anomalies in monitored sensor data. The new taxonomy is validated against the manifestations of 25 attacks, as well as against the performance of an intrusion detection system., The original document contains color images. Sponsored in part by DARPA.

Published
2005

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