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During the years of widespread use of radiotherapy in cancer patients, the incidence of local radiation damage to soft tissues (of varying severity) reached 30–40% or more. The experience of the radiation injury treatment department in the 70s and 80s indicates that every 2–3 beds were occupied by patients with this pathology. With the development of radiology, the introduction of new sources and techniques, the frequency of formation of such changes in the zone of irradiation fields has significantly decreased and currently stands at about 2%. The purpose of the proposed study is to demonstrate the possibilities of skin plastic surgery in this contingent of people who, as a rule, do not receive qualified care for a long time. As part of the work carried out, the time elapsed from the moment of formation of pathological changes to hospitalization in the department, on average, was 3–5 years, and was filled with ineffective conservative measures. Over the past 4 years, 60 reconstructive plastic surgeries have been performed in the radiation injury treatment department using musculoskeletal (21), skin fascial (21), skin (10) flaps, as well as plasty with local tissues (8). In the early postoperative period, the most common complication was marginal necrosis of the flap (13) which in 11 patients caused repeated operations in the form of secondary sutures or, in the case when it was not possible to perform this, plastic surgery of the defect with insular skin flaps was applied to the granulating wound. Subsequently, complete healing of the postoperative wound was noted in such patients. Thus, the proposed options for the reconstruction of radiation ulcers that developed after combined and radiation treatment of malignant neoplasms are highly effective methods that can get rid of disfiguring defects, improve the quality of life and restore social activity in almost 100% of patients.

The aim of the review is to give a brief characteristic of cell cultures obtained from mammalian tissues and to consider the current possibilities and prospects for their use in virology. The analysis of the literature data presented in the main databases, such as Web of Science, PubMed, Scopus, Elsevier, Google Scholar and RSCI (as of July 2023), indicates that various types of cell cultures are currently used in virological studies. The use of cell culture has a number of advantages over other in vitro and in vivo methods of virological research. The review provides numerous examples on the development of new methods of obtaining cell cultures for the cultivation of viruses. Among them are sensitive and reporter cell systems, the design of which can be a promising tool for diagnostics of existing and new unknown viral infections. Cell cultures are characterized as potential in vitro models in virology for developing new diagnostic test-systems and antiviral drugs. An important area of cell cultures application is their use as a substrate for the production of culture-derived vaccines. Another aspect of the cell cultures application is also highlighted, such as the study of the effect of the viruses on the host immune system or the mechanisms of immunopathogenesis of viral infections. It is concluded that the use of cell cultures remains currently and in the near future one of the most important methods in practical virology and in scientific research.

Abstract Several renewable energy schemes aim to use the chemical bonds in abundant molecules like water and ammonia as energy reservoirs. Because the O-H and N-H bonds are quite strong (>100 kcal/mol), it is necessary to identify substances that dramatically weaken these bonds to facilitate proton-coupled electron transfer processes required for energy conversion. Usually this is accomplished through coordination-induced bond weakening by redox-active metals. However, coordination-induced bond weakening is difficult with earth’s most abundant metal, aluminum, because of its redox inertness under mild conditions. Here, we report a system that uses aluminum with a redox non-innocent ligand to achieve significant levels of coordination-induced bond weakening of O-H and N-H bonds. The multisite proton-coupled electron transfer manifold described here points to redox non-innocent ligands as a design element to open coordination-induced bond weakening chemistry to more elements in the periodic table.

Background/Objectives: In post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), anxiety-like symptoms are often associated with elevated noradrenaline levels and decreased serotonin. Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) are frequently used to treat anxiety, but elevated serotonin has been observed in some anxiety disorders. This study investigates stress-induced anxiety as an immediate effect of chronic stress exposure using the predator stress paradigm. Methods: We examined serotonin levels, serotonin transporter (SERT), and 5-HT3A receptor gene expression in response to stress. The effects of SSRIs (paroxetine, sertraline) and resveratrol on these parameters were also analyzed, alongside co-treatment with resveratrol and sertraline. Results: Chronic stress exposure led to a significant increase in serotonin levels and upregulation of SERT and 5-HT3A receptor expression. SSRIs failed to prevent anxiety or reduce serotonin levels, partly due to suppressed SERT expression. Resveratrol downregulated SERT and 5-HT3A expression less than SSRIs but effectively reduced anxiety and restored serotonin, likely by upregulating MAO-A expression. Co-treatment with resveratrol and sertraline produced the strongest anxiolytic effect. Conclusions: Elevated serotonin and increased expression of SERT and 5-HT3A receptor genes are key factors in stress-related anxiety. Resveratrol and SSRIs target these mechanisms, suggesting potential therapeutic strategies for anxiety disorders. Future research will focus on further elucidating the serotonergic mechanisms involved and identifying new anxiolytic drug targets.

Stress-related anxiety disorders and anxiety-like behavior in post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) are associated with altered neurocircuitry pathways, neurotransmitter systems, and the activities of monoamine and glucocorticoid-metabolizing enzymes. Resveratrol, a natural polyphenol, is recognized for its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antipsychiatric properties. Previous studies suggest that resveratrol reduces anxiety-like behavior in animal PTSD models by downregulating key enzymes such as 11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 1 (11β-HSD-1) and monoamine oxidases (MAOs). However, the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. In this study, we explored the efficacy of resveratrol in treating stress-induced anxiety using a chronic predator stress model in rats. Resveratrol was administered intraperitoneally at 100 mg/kg following a 10-day stress exposure, and anxiety behavior was assessed with an elevated plus maze. Our results indicated that stress-related anxiety correlated with increased activities of brain MAO-A, MAO-B, and hepatic 11β-HSD-1, alongside elevated oxidative stress markers in the brain and liver. Resveratrol treatment improved anxiety behavior and decreased enzyme activities, oxidative stress, and hepatic damage. We demonstrate that resveratrol exerts antianxiogenic effects by modulating glucocorticoid and monoamine metabolism in the brain and liver. These findings suggest resveratrol’s potential as a therapeutic agent for anxiety disorders, warranting further clinical investigation.

Abstract Femtosecond-laser-assisted material restructuring employs extreme optical intensities to localize the ablation regions. To overcome the minimum feature size limit set by the wave nature of photons, there is a need for new approaches to tailored material processing at the nanoscale. Here, we report the formation of deeply-subwavelength features in silicon, enabled by localized laser-induced phase explosions in prefabricated silicon resonators. Using short trains of mid-infrared laser pulses, we demonstrate the controllable formation of high aspect ratio (>10:1) nanotrenches as narrow as $${\sim }{{{{{\boldsymbol{\lambda }}}}}}{{{{{\boldsymbol{/}}}}}}{{{{{\boldsymbol{80}}}}}}$$ ~ λ / 80 . The trench geometry is shown to be scalable with wavelength, and controlled by multiple parameters of the laser pulse train, such as the intensity and polarization of each laser pulse and their total number. Particle-in-cell simulations reveal localized heating of silicon beyond its boiling point and suggest its subsequent phase explosion on the nanoscale commensurate with the experimental data. The observed femtosecond-laser assisted nanostructuring of engineered microstructures (FLANEM) expands the nanofabrication toolbox and opens exciting opportunities for high-throughput optical methods of nanoscale structuring of solid materials.

The relevance of the research is determined by the need for detailed modeling the evolution of viscous mixture dynamic structure, changes in the volumetric concentration of drilled cuttings in the annular annulus of the well, which is constantly accumulated during drilling, as well as monitoring its critical values, leading to problems with the functioning of special equipment. The purpose of the research is the numerical modeling within the framework of computational fluid dynamics (CFD) of cuttings accumulation developing in time and space in internal systems with an eccentric fixed core (pipes, channels) under various conditions of flow of Herschel–Bulkley type drilling fluids, characterized by an arbitrary change in their rheological properties; understanding the features of cuttings accumulation, as well as determining clogging intensity and the time for cleaning wells. Methods for studying the processes under consideration are based on integrated approach to physical, mathematical and computer modeling of hydrodynamics and convective mass transfer in heterogeneous inhomogeneous continuous media complicated by rheological non-Newtonian effects; combined direct and indirect analysis of the capabilities of the constructed model to predict the essence of cleaning and drilling wells by comparing the simulation results with the available experimental data. Results demonstrate the features of the influence of rheological parameters on cuttings accumulation rate in the annulus and patterns of removal/deposition of particles of drilled rock when changing the flow regimes of the mixture. The possibilities of the method for studying hydraulic transport within the framework of the ANSYS software EL approach using the CFD-DEM model in predicting the pressure drop in the well, the evolution of the dynamic structure of the mixture depending on the intensity of the annulus clutter with cuttings, changes in the average mass velocity at the well inlet in comparison with the available experimental data. The conditions for calculating the maximum recommended drilling time for arbitrary combinations of values of technological and rheological parameters of the drilling fluid are numerically determined and recommended for practice.

In potato, phloem tissues transport sugars and signal molecules to the tuber for growth and storage. The CLAVATA3/ESR-like (CLE) family of plant peptides plays an important role in regulating plant development. In this study, we identified a set of phloem-expressed CLE genes in Solanum tuberosum L. (StCLEs). We analyzed the phloem transcriptome of potato and found that 10 out of 41 StCLE genes were expressed in phloem cells, with StCLE12 and StCLE19 showing the highest expression levels. StCLE12 has an identical CLE domain to the Arabidopsis TDIF peptides, which are known to play a crucial role in maintaining the vascular meristem. StCLE19 has the highest sequence similarity to the Arabidopsis CLE25 peptide, which is involved in the formation of the phloem element and signaling in response to dehydration stress. The overexpression of StCLE12 and another potato TDIF-like gene, StCLE8, promoted vascular cell proliferation and delayed leaf senescence. On the other hand, plants with overexpression of StCLE19 were unable to form adventitious roots and demonstrated the absence of ordered cambium cell layers in the vascular bundles.

The formalism of reduced quantum electrodynamics is generalized to the case of heterostructures composed of a few atomically thick layers, and the corresponding effective (2+1)-dimensional gauge theory is formulated. This dimensionally reduced theory describes charged fermions confined to N planes and contains N vector fields with Maxwell’s action modified by non-local form factors whose explicit form is determined. Taking into account the polarization function, the explicit formulae for the screened electromagnetic interaction are presented in the case of two and three layers. For a heterostructure with two atomically thick layers and charged fermions described by the massless Dirac equation, the dynamical gap generation of the excitonic type is studied. It is found that additional screening due to the second layer increases the value of the critical coupling constant for the gap generation compared to that in graphene.

Category: Midfoot/Forefoot Introduction/Purpose: Hallux rigidus (HR) is a common disease that occurs, according to the literature, in 2-10% of the population. However, currently there is no single approach to the choice of a surgical method for the treatment of this disease. It is known that the most common method at early stages of HR is cheilectomy, and the first metatarsophalangeal (1st MTP) joint arthrodesis at late stages. On the other hand, autologous matrix-induced chondrogenesis (AMIC) is known to be successfully applied in the presence of the osteochondral defects in the ankle, knee and hip joints. In this regard, we proposed to use cheilectomy in combination with this technique in treatment of patients with HR. Methods: Cheilectomy with AMIC was performed in 35 patients with HR. The operation technique included removing of the osteophytes from the metatarsal bone head and the proximal phalanx basement, clearing of the cartilage defect, microfracturing and covering the metatarsal bone head by the collagen memebrane, then - suturing the memebrane to the periosteum by absorbable thread. 16 patients underwent cheilectomy using hemispheric reamers. The results of surgical treatment were assessed using visual analog scale (VAS) of pain, AOFAS scale and range of motion (ROM) in 1st MTP joint. Also foot X-ray and MRI before and 3, 6, 12 months after the surgery were used. Results: In patients who underwent cheilectomy without reamers (1st group), the median ROM before the surgery was 20o, VAS of pain - 72.5, AOFAS - 49. As for the patients who underwent cheilectomy with reamers (2nd group), the median ROM was also 20o, VAS of pain - 70, AOFAS - 52.In the 1st group, after a year of observation, the median VAS of pain decreased to 10, ROM increased to 72.5o and AOFAS - to 82.5.In the 2nd group, after 12 months the median VAS of pain decreased to 7.5, ROM increased to 77o, AOFAS - to 85.On the radiographs 12 months after the surgery, there was some narrowing of the joint space compared to the first day after the operation. However, the ROM in the 1st MTP joint, on the contrary, increased. Conclusion: The results showed that cheilectomy in combination with AMIC allows to relieve pain and significantly improve the quality of life of patients with HR; the results in patients who underwent cheilectomy using hemispheric reamers were better, therefore, in most cases we recommend to use these reamers. Also, this technique, unlike isolated cheilectomy or arthrodesis, can be used at any stage of HR.

Strong nonlinearities, like high harmonic generation in optical systems, can lead to interesting applications in photonics. Here the authors fabricate a thin resonant gallium phosphide metasurface capable of avoiding the laser-induced damage and demonstrate efficient even and odd high harmonic generation from it when driven by mid-infrared laser pulses.

Introduction To date, there is no unified approach to the choice of tactics in surgical treatment of osteoarthritis of the first metatarsophalangeal joint (OA of the first MTP joint). On the other hand, it is known that the technique of autologous matrix-induced chondrogenesis has been successfully used for osteochondral defects in the hip, knee and ankle joints. Therefore, we have proposed to use this technique in the treatment of patients with OA of the first MTP joint. Purpose To study the possibility of surgical treatment of patients with OA of the first MTP joint with the use of chondroplasty utilizing the technique of autologous matrix-induced chondrogenesis, to demonstrate the immediate and mid-term results of such operations. Materials and methods Chondroplasty was performed in 15 patients (16 feet) with OA of the first MTP joint. The examination determined the range of motion in of the first MTP joint; the condition was assessed according to such scales as VAS for pain, AOFAS, FFI. Chondroplasty in of the first MTP joint was performed with the technique of induced chondrogenesis using a collagen matrix. The results of the operations were evaluated after 3, 6 and 12 months. Results As early as 3 months after the operation, there was a marked significant increase in the range of motion and a decrease in pain of the first MTP joint. Moderate positive dynamics were observed after 6 and 12 months. Conclusion The results of the operations showed that chondroplasty of the first MTP joint is an effective method of surgical treatment that provides pain relief and significantly improves the quality of life of patients with OA of the first MTP joint. However, it is necessary to study long-term results.

Understanding the processes that occur during the redox transformations of complexes coordinated by redox-active apical ligands is important for the design of electrochemically active compounds with functional properties. In this work, a detailed analysis of the interaction energy and electronic structure was performed for cluster complexes trans-[Re6S8bipy4Cl2]n (n = 2–, 4–, 6–, 8–), which can be obtained by stepwise electrochemical reduction of a neutral cluster trans-[Re6S8bipy4Cl2] in DMSO solution. It was shown that the formation of open-shell paramagnetic ions with S = 1, 2 and 1 is the most energetically favorable for n = 2–, 4– and 6–, respectively.

Photon acceleration, which can be used to generate tunable high harmonic radiation, typically requires high-intensity lasers and long propagation distances. Here, Shcherbakov et al. show efficient photon acceleration at low power input power from a semiconductor metasurface, less than a micron thin.

A dimolybdenum tetraacetate (Mo2(O2CCH3)4) molecule is embedded between two electrodes formed by semi-infinite 1D monatomic chains of lithium, aluminum, and titanium atoms. Electron transport through the Mo2(O2CCH3)4 molecule is calculated. The role of quadrupole bonding in the transport properties of the studied systems is analyzed.

Metasurfaces are not adjustable after fabrication, and a critical challenge is to realise a technique of tuning their optical properties that is both fast and efficient. Here, Shcherbakov et al. realise an ultrafast tunable metasurface with picosecond-scale large absolute reflectance modulation at low pump fluences.

The energy and structural parameters were obtained for all forms of the carbonyl complex of osmium Os3(CO)12 with D3h and D3 symmetries using density functional theory (DFT) methods. The calculations took into account various levels of relativistic effects, including those associated with nonconservation of spatial parity. It was shown that the ground state of Os3(CO)12 corresponds to the D3 symmetry and thus may be characterized either as left-twisted (D3S) or right-twisted (D3R). The D3S↔D3R transitions occur through the D3h transition state with an activation barrier of ~10–14 kJ/mol. Parity violation energy difference (PVED) between D3S and D3R states equals to ~5 × 10−10 kJ/mol. An unusual three-center exchange interaction was found inside the {Os3} fragment. It was found that the cooperative effects of the mutual influence of osmium atoms suppress the chirality of the electron system in the cluster.

Abstract: Resonant nanostructures, such as photonic metasurfaces, have created an unprecedented case for enhanced light–matter interactions through local field engineering. However, the presence of resonances fundamentally limits the bandwidth of such interactions. Here, we report on amending the nonlinear optical response of a semiconducting metasurface through Q-boosting, where the Q-factor of a metasurface rapidly increases with time. The coupled-mode theory reveals overcoming the bandwidth limit by coupling a broadband signal to a bandwidth-matched resonance and Q-boosting at a timescale faster than a resonator lifetime. A control–excitation experiment simulation using a tailored Q-boosting silicon-germanium metasurface predicts the third-harmonic enhancement by factors of 8 (peak) and 4.5 (integrated) against the best-case static metasurface. An analysis of free-carrier losses based on experimental data shows robustness to nonradiative losses and offers a viable pathway to increasing the light–matter interactions beyond the bandwidth limit, with implications in nonlinear and quantum optics, sensing, and telecommunication technologies.

A static external electric field (EEF) is for the first time successfully applied to enhance the photocatalytic activity of graphene oxide (GO) photocatalysts functionalized by either zinc porphyrins or perylene diimide. The applied 4 kV EEF increases the reaction rate of the hybrid-assisted photodestruction of a model organic pollutant, 1,5-dihydroxynaphthalene (DHN), in water by 2.2-2.3 times in a contactless transparent static electric cell. A control material presenting zinc porphyrins on the non-polarizable MoS2 nanosheets does not change its activity in EEF. Ultrafast time-resolved photoluminescence spectroscopy, photoluminescent hydroxyl radical probing, and the GC-MS analysis of the supernatant solutions are used to confirm no effect of EEF on photochemical properties of the porphyrins as well as on the pathway of photodestruction of DHN. The DFT calculations show that the dielectric properties and polarizability of GO play a key role in the EEF-induced enhancement of photocatalysis due to the decrease in electron energy facilitating its transfer from GO into water or substrate. Our finding may provide a basis for an affordable alternative for conventional electrophotocatalysis schemes to advance this field towards more effective green-chemistry technologies and to encourage the rational design of new carbon-based photocatalysts, which can be applied for EEF-facilitated photocatalysis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Basidiomycetes, known for their production of bioactive compounds, traditionally use simple sugars for fermentation. However, their ability to degrade complex plant polysaccharides through enzyme secretion presents potential for the use of renewable raw materials. This study focused on the optimization of exopolysaccharide (EPS) production and efficient substrate consumption by Ganoderma lucidum using response surface methodology (RSM). Using an optimized medium containing 15 g⋅l−1 wheat starch, 0.375 g⋅l−1 NH4Cl, and 0.75 g⋅l−1 CaCl2 (C/N ratio of 40), a significant increase in EPS concentration from 121.1 ± 10.2 mg⋅l−1 to 229.0 ± 20.3 mg⋅l−1 and starch degradation degree (SDD) from 9.1% to 57.6% was achieved after 9 d of submerged cultivation. Scale-up experiments were conducted in both column and stirred tank bioreactors, employing submerged and immobilized cultivation modes. Submerged cultivation in the column bioreactor yielded the highest process desirability of 0.56, achieving EPS concentration of 192.5 ± 5.4 mg⋅l−1 and 60.2% SDD within 7 d. These results highlight the potential of the used column bioreactor for efficient and rapid EPS production. Notably, bioreactor experiments revealed local maxima in EPS content at specific time points, suggesting that cell wall degradation, potentially induced by shear stress, may contribute to the release of polysaccharides into the culture broth. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The relevance of the problem under investigation is due to the high significance of preventive work with juvenile delinquents to society. The article aims to study the problems arising while developing students' competencies in professional activities for the prevention of the infringing behavior of juvenile delinquents, as well as the identification of specific historical and socio-cultural conditioning of the criminalization of youth environment. The leading method to the study of this problem is the analysis and synthesis of experience in teaching students of pedagogical specialties skills for crime prevention and the illegal behavior of juveniles; this method allows us to identify ways to enhance students' learning qualities for this kind of activity. Research results: the methodological approaches for teaching students the skills of preventive work with juveniles delinquencies were developed; the analysis of socio-cultural causes of juvenile delinquency and their effect on the prevention work was carried out; recommendations to improve the effectiveness of pedagogical preventive work with juvenile offenders and specification of features and methods of teaching this kind of activity were formulated. The article can be useful for the practical work of teachers, social workers, law enforcement officers and all those who, one way or another connected with the work on the prevention of crime and the illegal behavior of underage.

Lattice deformation via substrate‐driven mechanical straining of 2D materials can profoundly modulate their bandgap by altering the electronic band structure. However, such bandgap modulation is typically short‐lived and weak due to substrate slippage, which restores lattice symmetry and limits strain transfer. Here, it is shown that a non‐volatile thermomechanical strain induced during hot‐press synthesis results in giant modulation of the inherent bandgap in quasi‐2D tellurium nanoflakes (TeNFs). By leveraging the thermal expansion coefficient (TEC) mismatch and maintaining a pressure‐enforced non‐slip condition between TeNFs and the substrate, a non‐volatile and anisotropic compressive strain is attained with ε = −4.01% along zigzag lattice orientation and average biaxial strain of −3.46%. This results in a massive permanent bandgap modulation of 2.3 eV at a rate S (ΔEg) of up to 815 meV/% (TeNF/ITO), exceeding the highest reported values by 200%. Furthermore, TeNFs display long‐term strain retention and exhibit robust band‐to‐band blue photoemission featuring an intrinsic quantum efficiency of 80%. The results show that non‐volatile thermomechanical straining is an efficient substrate‐based bandgap modulation technique scalable to other 2D semiconductors and van der Waals materials for on‐demand nano‐optoelectronic properties. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background/Objectives: In post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), anxiety-like symptoms are often associated with elevated noradrenaline levels and decreased serotonin. Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) are frequently used to treat anxiety, but elevated serotonin has been observed in some anxiety disorders. This study investigates stress-induced anxiety as an immediate effect of chronic stress exposure using the predator stress paradigm. Methods: We examined serotonin levels, serotonin transporter (SERT), and 5-HT3A receptor gene expression in response to stress. The effects of SSRIs (paroxetine, sertraline) and resveratrol on these parameters were also analyzed, alongside co-treatment with resveratrol and sertraline. Results: Chronic stress exposure led to a significant increase in serotonin levels and upregulation of SERT and 5-HT3A receptor expression. SSRIs failed to prevent anxiety or reduce serotonin levels, partly due to suppressed SERT expression. Resveratrol downregulated SERT and 5-HT3A expression less than SSRIs but effectively reduced anxiety and restored serotonin, likely by upregulating MAO-A expression. Co-treatment with resveratrol and sertraline produced the strongest anxiolytic effect. Conclusions: Elevated serotonin and increased expression of SERT and 5-HT3A receptor genes are key factors in stress-related anxiety. Resveratrol and SSRIs target these mechanisms, suggesting potential therapeutic strategies for anxiety disorders. Future research will focus on further elucidating the serotonergic mechanisms involved and identifying new anxiolytic drug targets. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Stress-related anxiety disorders and anxiety-like behavior in post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) are associated with altered neurocircuitry pathways, neurotransmitter systems, and the activities of monoamine and glucocorticoid-metabolizing enzymes. Resveratrol, a natural polyphenol, is recognized for its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antipsychiatric properties. Previous studies suggest that resveratrol reduces anxiety-like behavior in animal PTSD models by downregulating key enzymes such as 11 β -hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 1 (11 β -HSD-1) and monoamine oxidases (MAOs). However, the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. In this study, we explored the efficacy of resveratrol in treating stress-induced anxiety using a chronic predator stress model in rats. Resveratrol was administered intraperitoneally at 100 mg/kg following a 10-day stress exposure, and anxiety behavior was assessed with an elevated plus maze. Our results indicated that stress-related anxiety correlated with increased activities of brain MAO-A, MAO-B, and hepatic 11 β -HSD-1, alongside elevated oxidative stress markers in the brain and liver. Resveratrol treatment improved anxiety behavior and decreased enzyme activities, oxidative stress, and hepatic damage. We demonstrate that resveratrol exerts antianxiogenic effects by modulating glucocorticoid and monoamine metabolism in the brain and liver. These findings suggest resveratrol's potential as a therapeutic agent for anxiety disorders, warranting further clinical investigation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]