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2 results on '"Maursetter, John"'

1. Soil organic carbon stocks in Alaska estimated with spatial and pedon data

Author

Bliss, Norman B. and Maursetter, John

Subjects
Greenhouse gases -- Research, Air quality management -- Research, Global warming -- Research, Humus -- Research, Soils -- Carbon content, Soils -- Research, Earth sciences
Abstract

Temperatures in high-latitude ecosystems are increasing faster than the average rate of global warming, which may lead to a positive feedback for climate change by increasing the respiration rates of soil organic C. If a positive feedback is confirmed, soil C will represent a source of greenhouse gases that is not currently considered in international protocols to regulate C emissions. We present new estimates of the stocks of soil organic C in Alaska, calculated by linking spatial and field data developed by the USDA NRCS. The spatial data are from the State Soil Geographic database (STATSGO), and the field and laboratory data are from the National Soil Characterization Database, also known as the pedon database. The new estimates range from 32 to 53 Pg of soil organic C for Alaska, formed by linking the spatial and field data using the attributes of Soil Taxonomy. For modelers, we recommend an estimation method based on taxonomic subgroups with interpolation for missing areas, which yields an estimate of 48 Pg. This is a substantial increase over a magnitude of 13 Pg estimated from only the STATSGO data as originally distributed in 1994, but the increase reflects different estimation methods and is not a measure of the change in C on the landscape. Pedon samples were collected between 1952 and 2002, so the results do not represent a single point in time. The linked databases provide an improved basis for modeling the impacts of climate change on net ecosystem exchange. Abbreviations: IPCC, Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change; SOC, soil organic carbon; STATSGO, State Soil Geographic database. doi:10.2136/ssaj2008.0404

Published
2010

2. Spatial Variability of Soil Nitrate on an Eastern South Dakota Landscape

Author

Maursetter, John Marshall

Subjects
Agronomy and Crop Sciences, Life Sciences, Plant Sciences
Abstract

Public concerns about groundwater quality have increased the necessity for accurate prediction of aquifer and soil NO3-N accumulations. The deeper these concentrations occur, the greater the threat to accumulation in groundwater (Schertz and Miller, 1972). Studies in Iowa have found that subsurface drainage water from cultivated fields usually exceeds EPA standards for NO3-N (> 10 mg l-1) and that as the use of nitrogen fertilizers increase, so does the NO3-N concentration in the drainage water (Kanwar, et al., 1985). Circumstantial evidence indicates that water quality deterioration may be associated with the increase in application of nitrogen fertilizers, but positive evidence is not available (Viets and Hageman, 1971; Kanwar, et al., 1985). With this in mind, more needs to be known about where and under what conditions soil NO3-N accumulations will be the greatest. For practical applications, it should be studied on a field size basis in order to make reasonably sound conclusions regarding soil NO3-N accumulations. The objectives of this study were: 1.) To determine the relationship of selected soil properties on soil NO3-N distribution and; 2.) To determine the spatial variability of soil NO3-N within a glacial till landscape and identify potential causes of any non-random variability. The study tested the hypothesis that the variability of soil NO3-N is influenced by the landscape position and soil mapping unit at the point sampled, thus resulting in deeper leaching of NO3-N at points lower in the landscape and in soils with greater leaching potential.

Published
1992

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