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Capital investment financing has been cited as a critical element in economic growth the world over although there is no consensus regarding the significance, direction, and magnitude of the relationship.

This study examines the nexus between trade, financial development, remittances and economic growth in Zimbabwe using time-series data collected from the World Bank Worldwide Development Indicators database from 1980 to 2022. Vector autoregression models were estimated using Stata/SE 14.2 to analyse “short-run” relationships among the four variables. The results obtained showed the non-existence of cointegration equations in the series. The significant findings are the positive “short-run” causal effects of first lag GDP regressor on GDP at 0.05%, first lag remittances regressor on GDP, first lag financial development regressor on financial development, and first lag trade and remittances regressors on remittances, at 0.01% level of significance. Moreover, the Granger causality test showed that the remittances Granger causes GDP and trade Granger causes remittances in the “short-run”, while the opposite is true for other variables. This study is essential to researchers and policymakers. It is recommended that the government formulate policies that promote the inflow of remittances, trade, and financial development for meaningful economic growth. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study examines the impact of governance and financial inclusion on remittances in Zimbabwe using time series data collected from the World Bank database for the period 2009 to 2021. A vector error correction model was conducted using Stata/SE 14.2 to analyse the short- and long-run relationships between the variables. The results demonstrate the existence of cointegration in the model. The Johansen normalization long-run output showed a negative impact of governance on remittances, as well as a positive impact of financial inclusion on remittances. Both coefficients are statistically significant at the 1% level. Furthermore, the results show that governance and financial inclusion in Zimbabwe have asymmetric effects on remittances in the long run, on average, ceteris paribus. This study is important in policy formulation and implementation. The government should create a conducive environment for remittances through improved governance and financial inclusion policies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: This article examined the impact of governance, gross capital formation, and foreign remittances on economic growth in Zimbabwe between 1996 and 2021. Approach: The study pursued a deductive approach to collect and analyse data secondary data collected from World Bank Development Indicators. The study used a multiple linear regression model to examine the data. Data were collected from 1996 to 2021. Findings: The regression coefficients depicted a direct relationship between the dependent variable and the three independent variables. The study findings also revealed that governance has the highest contribution to Zimbabwe's gross domestic product compared to the other two independent variables in the period under review. The coefficients of determination of the independent variables, R² to Zimbabwe's gross domestic product are 0.6876, 0.5274 and 0.4876 respectively. Practical implications: This study has practical implications for policy formulation and implementation as well as for further future research in Zimbabwe given the important role of governance, gross capital formation and foreign remittances on economic growth. Importantly, these are policies that attract foreign remittances as well as encourage good governance and gross capital formation in the country. Foreign remittances have become a huge source of foreign currency in the last decades in Zimbabwe. Originality/value: Literature has shown a lack of consensus regarding the impact of governance, gross capital formation, and foreign remittances on economic growth thereby creating some knowledge gaps in the field, particularly in developing countries. This article, therefore, seeks to close this gap by looking at the impact of the three variables on economic growth in Zimbabwe from 1996 to 2021. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives: This article examined whether moral suasion from the national payments system directorate works in Zimbabwe. Moreover, the study examined whether the country needs arbitration for mobile money interoperability or is now at a point where there is a need for mandatory regulatory intervention. Prior work: This article builds on the acceptance and use of mobile phones as a powerful financial inclusion tool used by telecommunication and banking institutions as they scramble for market share for their mobile financial products and services. Approach: A qualitative approach underpinned by a review of related literature and relevant documents guided the study. Results: Despite the availability and existence of mobile money wallets since 2011, nothing has taken place regarding interoperability as an option in Zimbabwe. The financial inclusion strategy had provided guidelines towards mobile money interoperability. Implications: The study has policy implications on issues surrounding regulatory interventions. The article closes the knowledge gap in mobile money interoperability in Zimbabwe. Value: The study is unique and critical in providing an overview of the subject matter from a qualitative point of view. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose - This article examined the impact of foreign remittances on economic growth in Zimbabwe. Approach - Secondary data collected from the World Bank's World Development Indicators database, was employed to empirically examine the nature of the relationship between the two variables, for the period 1960-2020. The autoregressive distributed lag model was used. Findings - The major findings reveal both unidirectional and bi-directional causality linkages between foreign remittances and economic growth during the three periods under review. Foreign remittances showed a positive and significant influence on gross domestic product in Zimbabwe. The period before dollarization gave a strong negative influence on Zimbabwe's economic growth. The dollarization period showed a strong positive correlation between the two variables under study in Zimbabwe. The error correction gave a very strong negative statistical relationship with the rate of economic growth in Zimbabwe. Practical implications - This article has practical implications especially for policy formulation and implementation at individual and government levels. Originality/value - The article closed the gap in knowledge by drawing attention to the nature of the relationship between foreign remittances and economic growth in Zimbabwe during the three different economic cycles examined. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article examined the relationship between self-service technology service quality and brand loyalty in Zimbabwe's banking sector with customer satisfaction and behaviour intentions playing the mediating role. The main objective was to develop a path analysis model for the banking industry in Zimbabwe. The study followed a deductive approach with an online survey used to collect primary data from more than 110 bank customers. The PLS-SEM algorithm was used to empirically test the path analysis model. The construct measures were confirmed reliable and valid with structural model showing goodness of fit based on the R², Q², SRMR, and path significance. The results further confirmed hypothesis H1, H2, H3, H4, and H7 whilst rejecting H5 and H6. Self-service technologies have proven to be a critical enhancer of brand loyalty in the banking sector. The 'FinTech' industry has gone under a critical test due to COVID-19 pandemic that has seen global restrictions nearly paralyzing a number of sectors. Technology developers, policymakers, researchers, and regulators will have a better understanding of self-service technologies and their impact on brand loyalty in the service industry. Literature has shown some knowledge gaps in this field especially in Zimbabwe where the 'FinTech' industry is still in its infancy stages. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article examined the key determinants of mobile applications' adoption and use in strategic competitive intelligence. A quantitative research based on a survey of 150 participants drawn from strategic competitive intelligence practitioners and analysts was used to examine and validate the extended UTAUT2 Model to identify the key determinants of mobile applications' adoption and use in SCI. PLS-SEM algorithm was used to analyse data. Findings show that PE, SI, HT, SE, and BI had significant influence over UB while EE, HM, PV, SN, and PR had an insignificant influence. Adoption and use of mobile applications was considered a planned behaviour. Perhaps the most important findings for SCIPs relate to the importance-performance map analysis that showed the greater absolute importance of self-efficacy on use behaviour. Previous empirical studies have largely ignored the influence of cognitive psychological perceptive which this study addressed by examining key determinants of behaviour intention and user behaviour. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose - This article examined financial inclusion as a planned behaviour using partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) algorithm in SmartPLS 3 software. Attention was given to perspective antecedents in behavioural intention and use behaviour of financial services/products. Approach - To understand this phenomenon, primary data collected through an online survey were used to empirically test the extended theory of the planned behaviour model. We applied the partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) algorithm using SmartPLS 3 software to analyse relationships between latent and observed variables. Respondents were drawn from academics, banking and non-banking participants in Zimbabwe. Findings - Our results show that an extended TPB model holds for financial inclusion. The results also show an acceptable model fit with predictive relevance of endogenous constructs as assessed by R2, Q2, the significance of paths and standardized root mean square residual (SRMR). Our findings also confirmed hypothesis H1a, H1b, H6, and H7 while the rest were rejected as they were insignificant. Practical implications - Financial services product developers, policymakers, financial inclusion practitioners, and regulators will have a better understanding of financial inclusion behavioural intention and use behaviour based on the findings. Originality/value - Previous research has largely ignored the influence of perceptive antecedents in financial inclusion. This article covers this gap by drawing attention to the cognitive psychological perspective of financial inclusion. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article aims at identifying the key antecedents to behavioral intention and use behavior of individuals regarding mobile applications that can support competitive intelligence of firms. Attention was given to perspective antecedents in behavioural intention and use behaviour of mobile applications in competitive intelligence. A qualitative research based on a literature review of 21 peer-reviewed journal articles covering a period of six years from 2014 was used. These articles were collected from separate databases using search engines. All UTAUT2 constructs had a direct and significant influence on mobile application use. Following significance factors were ease of use, perceived usefulness, perceived enjoyment, and trust. However, perceived risk, subjective norms, and self-efficacy were insignificant. An extended model was later developed with 15 constructs. This article highlights the key determinants of user behavior regarding mobile applications that firms should act on in order to foster the acceptance of these technologies despite the privacy risks that arise. Previous research has largely ignored the influence of perceptive antecedents in the behavioural intention and use behaviour of mobile applications in competitive intelligence. This article covers this gap by drawing attention to the cognitive psychological perspective of the phenomenon. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this article, we used a multiple linear regression model to empirically examine the nexus between money supply and inflation in Zimbabwe during the period 1980 to 2019. To obtain an in depth analysis of that relationship, data were obtained from IMF – International Financial Statistics, World Bank and other credible, reliable and valid sources. Our empirical results show that inflation was directly related to money supply and inversely related to exchange rates and fiscal deficits in Zimbabwe for the period understudy. We, therefore, recommend that the growth of money supply should be made to match real economic growth as this was the basis of Milton Friedman’s monetary rule that holds inflation as a purely a monetary phenomenon that can only be produced by expanding the money supply at a faster rate than the growth of capacity output. This article is valuable to monetary authorities, economists, researchers and the public. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this article, the researchers used a multiple linear regression model to examine the impact financial inclusion on economic growth in Zimbabwe during the period 2011 to 2017. To capture the depth and width of financial inclusion in Zimbabwe, financial services, information and communication technology as well as mobile network variables were used as proxies for financial inclusion while gross domestic product was used for economic growth. Secondary data for these variables was extracted from G20 Financial Inclusion, Global Financial Development and World Development Indicators 2019 databases. The empirical findings of this study show that financial inclusion has a positive impact on economic growth in Zimbabwe. These results are relevant despite the economic challenges facing Zimbabwe. The researchers therefore, recommend pro-financial inclusion and pro-free market based financial sector development policies in Zimbabwe in order stir free market based financial sector growth and economic development. Therefore, the article is value to policy makers, researchers and the private sector. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article examined the impact of foreign direct investment on economic growth and development in Zimbabwe. There is, however, inconsistency regarding the impact of foreign direct investment on economic growth and development across economies. An econometric strategy was used to test the depth of correlation between the variables by applying the regression analysis of the Ordinary Least Squares approach for the period 1991 - 2017. The findings of the study show that foreign direct investment had a positive correlation coefficient with Gross Domestic Product and was statistically significant at all levels. Policy recommendations are provided in light of the study findings. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article presents a "competitiveness intelligence" conceptual framework developed from a literature review for adaptation by African countries to improve their competitiveness in the global economy. The role of competitive intelligence in national competitiveness has been shrouded with a lot of controversy in this era of trade liberalisation, globalisation and the fourth industrial revolution. We see Africa's poor performance in the global competitiveness rankings. Research findings, however, show a positive nexus between competitive intelligence and competitiveness, though not much is known pertaining to Africa. The presented conceptual framework will, however, act as a catalyst for the adoption of competitive intelligence by African countries to improve their performance in the global economy. This article is of great importance to policymakers, researchers and academia. Furthermore, given the history and importance of competitive intelligence in economic development, the conceptual framework has the potential to inspire many African countries through subsequent adaptions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article presents an examination of the impact of trade in services on economic growth in an emerging market economy. The study unveiled the unexplored potential and challenges of trade in services in an emerging market economy. Time series annual data for Zimbabwe for the period 1970 to 2016 was used for the purposes of this study. The period 1970 to 2016 was selected mainly due to data availability. Time series data was extracted from the World Bank's World Development Indicators and United Nations Conference on Trade and Development statistic databases. Trade in services was found to correlate with economic growth with an R² of 0.9796, an Adj. R² of 0.9740, a p-value of less than 0.05 at 5% level of significance and an F (10, 36) = 173.30, Prob > F = .0000. The variables were found to statistically significantly predict GDP per capita. Service imports and trade in services were significant in influencing economic growth. With service exports insignificant in influencing economic growth at 5% level of significance. Government policies were found to hinder trade in services in emerging market economies. These economies are closed with many restrictions in place. The study is expected to influence government policy in developing economies. The study will also go a long way in expanding the academic knowledge and as such contributing in filling the gap that exists within the body of knowledge. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article examines the Zimbabwean economy from 2004 to 2017 and beyond through an interpretivism paradigm. The article seeks to provide an in depth analysis of the country`s economic performance during the period under review. An inductive and deductive approach informed the article. A literature review was conducted with secondary data collected from peer reviewed journal articles, central bank reports, World Bank development indicators and government documents. Relevant literature was collected using academic databases as well as search engines. The findings showed a rapid economic decline from 2004 to 2008 due to both macroeconomic challenges and political factors. The economic decline of 2004 to 2008 led to the period of moderate growth between 2009 and 2013. Many factors both internal and external have accounted for the moderate growth period. Some of these factors included fiscal, monetary as well as political. The period 2014 to 2017 and beyond is being underpinned by an economic blueprint named the Zimbabwe Agenda for Sustainable-Economic Transformation drawn in line with the African Union Agenda 2063 as well as the new economic dispensation under the new government. The findings from this article will assist policy formulation, policy implementation and further future research. This article, however, is of importance to government, the private sector and the academia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]