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Background: Due to the rarity of osteosarcoma and limited indications for radiotherapy (RT), data on RT for this tumor are scarce. This study aimed to investigate the utilization of RT for osteosarcomas in the recent 20 years and to identify factors related to patients' response to radiation., Methods: We performed a retrospective analysis of patients irradiated for osteosarcoma treatment. We planned to assess differences in the utilization of RT between the periods of 2000-2010 and 2011-2020, identify the risk factors associated with local progression (LP), determine whether RT-related parameters are associated with LP, and calculate patients' survival., Results: A total of 126 patients with osteosarcoma who received 181 RT treatments were identified. We found a difference in RT techniques between RT performed in the years 2000-2010 and that performed in the years 2011-2020. LP was observed after 37 (20.4%) RT treatments. Intent of RT, distant metastases, and concomitant systemic treatment affected the risk of LP. Five-year overall survival was 33% (95% confidence interval (26%-43%))., Conclusions: RT for osteosarcoma treatment has evolved from simple two-dimensional palliative irradiation into more conformal RT applied for new indications including oligometastatic and oligoprogressive disease. RT may be a valuable treatment modality for selected patients with osteosarcoma.

Objective: The aim of this study was to assess the treatment results of 90 Y radiation synovectomy for chronic exudative synovitis of knee joints., Methods: The retrospective data consist of 394 consecutive knee radiation synovectomies performed using 6 mCi (222 MBq) of 90 Y. The assessment included 3-point custom pain and joint mobility scale, evaluation of joint's circumference, binary joint's temperature evaluation, patellar ballottement test, indications for puncture and its volume in applicable cases. 21 cases had to be forfeited due to missing data regarding follow-up., Results: The final analysis of 373 treatment procedures performed in 253 patients yielded following results-at 6 months after treatment, 80.9% of the patients reported at least partial pain relief (including 33.3% with complete pain relief), which increased to 86.7% at one year. The pain intensity decreased over time, however, the outcomes were worse in older patients. The probability of pain recurrence was 15% at 6 months, and 28% at one year. It was highest in post-traumatic synovitis, and lowest in pigmented villonodular synovitis. The circumference of the treated knee joints decreased over the course of follow-up, however, the decrease was significantly lower in older patients. The fraction of patients with full knee joint mobility increased from 34.6 to 40.6% at 6 months and 49.2% at one year. The percentage of patients that required articular puncture decreased from 62.8% at baseline to about 35.6% at 6 months, and 32.8% at one year. Positive patellar ballottement was found in 68.5% before treatment and remained at about 40-50% during the course of follow-up. The increased temperature of the joint was reported in 51.2% at baseline and decreased to 33% at 6 months and 28.3% at one year., Conclusions: (1) Radiation synovectomy is a safe and effective method of treatment in patients with exudative synovitis, however, the pain recurrence rate is significantly higher in post-traumatic exudative synovitis compared to pigmented villonodular, undifferentiated, and rheumatoid arthritis. (2) Our results suggest that older patients have worse treatment results with radiation synovectomy compared to younger patients.

Nowadays, it is becoming increasingly difficult to clearly classify the issues associated with the phenomenon of gender dysphoria due to the fact that one identifies oneself in the context of increasingly fluid categories of gender identity-- an intrinsic sense of being a woman or a man. The authors present a woman whose internal problems connected with her sexuality and incomplete identification with the role attributed to her gender originate from her family history. Long-lasting, traumatic experiences of incestuous abuse and violence on the part of close relatives disturbed her development in many areas of personality and functioning. The aim of the study was to verify the hypothesis of the existence of gender identity disorder accompanied by depressive disorders. In addition to the medical history, the study of patient's problems included the following diagnostic tools: the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI) and the Rorschach Inkblot Test in a CSR Exner system (TPA). The study revealed that as for sexual identification, the patient unambiguously identifies herself as a woman. Her behaviour to become like a man does not deny her sex, or even involve a temporary need of belonging to the opposite sex. It should be interpreted in the broader context of her traumatic experiences, not just sexual, but also concerning different aspects of a female gender role.

Background: The aim of this prospective study was to verify whether magnetostimulation with weak variable magnetic fields with low value of induction could enhance the effects of pharmacological therapy in drug-resistant depression., Materials and Methods: Thirty patients, 26 women and 4 men, with drug-resistant depression were enrolled in the study. The subjects from Group No. I (14 patients) were given fluvoxamine and treated with weak variable magnetic field using the VIOFOR JPS device; the subjects from Group No. II (16 patients) were also given fluvoxamine but they were treated with the VIOFOR JPS device in placebo mode. Changes in depressive symptoms were estimated with the 21-point Hamilton Depression Scale (HDRS), Montgomery-Asberg Depression Scale (MADRS) and Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) questionnaire., Results: After 15 days of treatment highly significant differences were revealed between the patients treated with magnetic field and the patients treated with placebo: the final HDRS score was 53% of the initial value for the group receiving combined treatment, and 86% in the placebo group (p<0.001); for MADRS score the values were 51% and 88% (p<0.001), respectively, and for BDI 60% and 87% (p<0.001). Thus, the average effect of placebo applied with fluvoxamine was a ca. 15% reduction of symptoms, while the concurrent application of magnetic field and SSRI treatment resulted in a 40-50% improvement., Conclusion: Our study indicates that adding a two-week low-induction variable magnetic field stimulation to a classical pharmacologic therapy reduces the intensity of symptoms in patients with drug-resistant depressive disorders., (Copyright 2009 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)

Background: An enchondroma is a rather common benign tumour of bone that originates from cartilage.The course is usually benign but they have a tendency to recur and are sometimes invasive, especially when developing in long bones. The aim of the study was to analyze the manifestations and methods of treatment as well as to assess the results of surgical treatment in patients with enchondroma., Material and Methods: A total of 150 patients with enchondroma, including 90 women and 60 men aged 10-74 years, were treated in the Regional Trauma Surgery Hospital in Piekary Slaskie between 1998 and 2006., Results: The tumours were mostly located in phalanges of the fingers--55 cases (37%), and metacarpal bones--21 cases (14%). Multiple locations were seen in 13 patients. A total of 170 surgical procedures were performed, mostly (120 procedures) tumour resections with bone graft implantation. A recurrence of enchondroma was observed in 17 patients (11%). There was also one case of malignant transformation in to a chondrosarcoma., Conclusion: Total resection of the enchondroma combined with spongy bone grafting is the main treatment of chondroma.

Background: A common feature of dysplasia fibrosa and defectus fibrosus is the development of foci of disordered fibrous tissue in bone that tend to grow and displace regular bone tissue. The objective of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of surgical treatment with bone allografts in patients with fibrous dysplasia and fibrous defect of bone., Material and Methods: The study group consisted of 99 patients aged from 9 to 58 years (mean age 22 years), including 56 men and 43 women. A total of 145 surgical procedures were performed in this group at the Bone Tumour and Neoplasm Unit between 1999 and 2005. In all cases histopathological verification confirmed fibrous dysplasia or fibrous defect of bone. The follow-up period was from 1 to 5 years (mean 2.5 years)., Results: In 85 patients there were no recurrences. A total of 96 surgical procedures were performed in this group. The other 14 patients experienced recurrences and no graft remodelling. Forty-nine surgical procedures were performed in this group because of multiple (from 2 to 6) relapses of the tumours., Conclusions: 1. Resection surgery and filling the defect with bone graft in the basic tyep of treatment in fibrous dysplasia and bibrous defect of bone and leads to good outcomes. 2. Frozen cortico-cancelleous allografts are well incorporated and bone remodeling is not assocaited with inflammatory complications, resulting into good outcomes of the operative treatment.

Ketamine is a rapid-acting anaesthetic agent which has been used for over 40 years. It is an antagonist of N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptors and agonist of mu and sigma opiate receptors. Ketamine acts through inhibition of sensory parts in the brain and stimulation of the limbic system and optic thalamus. The most common psychiatric disorders observed after the use of ketamine are: psychomotor agitation, hallucinations, status of stupor, consciousness disorders. There are observed cases of non-medical use of ketamine since the sixties of the 20th century. The authors describe the case of a 52 year old man who has been addicted to ketamine for 15 years. The patient was admitted to hospital to observe and treat the withdrawal syndrome as an effect of abrupt discontinuation of a chronically abused substance. On the ground of medical examinations, standard tests, anamnesis and hospital observation, ketamine dependence syndrome of a person with personality disorders was recognized. There was no somatic symptoms of withdrawal syndrome observed. The patient complained of sleep disorders and anxiety. Diazepam, carbamazepine and vitamins was used during treatment. The patient was motivated to stop using ketamine. This case and the described symptoms were compared with others articles.

Background: Aneurysmal bone cyst was first described by Jaffe and Lichtenstein in 1942. Schajowicz in 1972 in his Histopathological Classification of Primary Bone Tumors (later modified by WHO in 1993) placed it in group IX - tumor-like lesions. Its etiology and pathogenesis is not completely clear. Aneurysmal bone cysts are usually found in older children and young adults, rarely before the age of 5 or after 30. The aim of the study is to evaluate aneurysmal cyst treatment outcomes in patients we have treated and present diagnostic difficulties, especially considering the giant cell tumor in differential diagnosis., Material and Methods: The study group consisted of 40 patients aged from 10 to 65 years (mean age 22 years), including 21 men and 19 women, who underwent surgery at the Bone Tumor and Neoplasm Unit between 1999 and 2006. The follow-up period varied from 2 to 78 months (mean 23 months)., Results: A single surgical procedure was performed in 25 patients. No recurrences were noted in this group. In the remaining 15 cases, the tumor relapsed between 2 and 72 months after surgery (mean 17 months). In 12 patients, the histopathological examination was inconclusive. The giant cell tumor of bone was considered as a second diagnosis in all these cases., Conclusions: 1. Surgical treatment of aneurysmal bone cysts enables radical excision of the lesion with same-time histopathological verification. 2. The basis of effective treatment of primary and recurring aneurysmal bone cysts consists in complete resection of all tissues lining the cyst and any of its components from the surrounding soft tissues. 3. An effective plan of surgical treatment of aneurysmal bone cyst aimed at reducing the risk of tumor recurrence relies crucially on precise determination of its size, characteristics and topography via imaging workup. 4. Relapses are most common in patients suffering from the aggressive or active form of aneurysmal bone cyst. 5. Tumor location in direct proximity of a joint and the presence of epiphyseal cartilage hinders complete resection of the lesion and gives rise to technical problems during surgery. 6. The diagnosis of aneurysmal bone cyst most often leads physicians to assume the presence of giant cell tumor. If this diagnosis is confirmed following surgery, the patient should be subjected to additional radiotherapy. 7. Patients suffering from aneurysmal bone cyst require a ling follow-up due to the possibility of late recurrence of the tumor.

The case of a massive pelvis chondroma in a 15-year-old male is described. The patient was previously treated operatively due to multiple chondro-osseous exostoses. An extensive chondrous tumour was detected in the patient's pelvis and abdomen during a follow-up visit. This was accompanied by symptoms of intestinal obstruction and impaired micturition. CT scans showed an extensive tumour filling the entire minor pelvic cavity and proximal femur with impression and infiltration of the femoral blood vessels, and displacement of both ureters, colon and urinary bladder causing urinary retention. The tumour caused severe disturbances of anatomical relations leading to dysfunction of the urinary and gastrointestinal systems. After appropriate preparation, the patient underwent surgery by a multidisciplinary team comprising an orthopaedic surgeon, a general surgeon and a urologist. After laparotomy and exposure of the retroperitoneal space, a giant (about 3.5 dm3) chondro-osseous tumour was resected. After 5 weeks another operation was made and another tumour, greater than an adult man's fist, was removed from the medial aspect of the right hip. The postoperative course was uncomplicated, the patient felt immediate relief as regards the urinary and gastrointestinal disturbances. His locomotion became noticeably better. A histological examination confirmed the preliminary diagnoses of a chondroma and a chondro-osseous lesion. Outpatient follow-up and additional work-up (ultrasound, CT) showed resolution of urine retention with an appropriate urinary bladder position and tumour-free minor pelvis cavity and proximal femur.

Unlabelled: Total hip replacement is one of the most successful orthopaedic interventions in improving considerably the patients' performance, nevertheless some patients demonstrate declined functional ability following an operation. Such condition is not a consequence of medical illness or the surgery itself but might rather be associated with mental status. The authors conduct an investigation concerning the relation between some psychological and psychiatric factors and their influence on health-related quality of life in patients after total hip replacement., Methods: Into the study group we included 102 subjects undergoing total hip replacement (59 female, 43 male). In all subjects we measured depression (Beck Depression Inventory - BDI), anxiety (State and Trait Anxiety Inventory - STAI), sense of coherence (SOC-29), personality traits (Eysenck Personality Inventory - EPI) and health related quality of life (SF-36)., Results: The postoperative values of the PCS and the MCS for the whole group of patients correlated negatively with the SOC values (p=0.04 and p=0.03 respectively). Neuroticism (EPI) and anxiety as a trait (STAI) were also associated with postoperative performance, both in mental (p=0.03 and p=0.008 respectively) and physical (p=0.005 and p=0.04 respectively terms)., Conclusion: Total hip replacement improves significantly the patient's health-related quality of life at 6months after surgery, what is influenced by sense of coherence, neuroticism and anxiety as a trait. Above mentioned factors should be taken into account when rehabilitation and social readaptation processes are planned.

Aim: The aim of this study was to assess the mental status and sociodemographic data and their influence on the quality of life in patients after total hip replacement., Methods: SF-36, Soc-29, HADS, MPI, sociodemographic questionnaire were given to a cohort of 48 subjects who participated in this study (28 female, 20 male), with age range of 54-70 (mean 56). Questionnaires were administered to subjects two weeks before surgery and three months after surgery., Results: Patients after total hip replacement showed significant improvement in health-related quality of life in the summary scale of PCS and MCS and HADS-D and HADS-A. There were no significant differences in SOC and MPI. The postoperative values of the PCS and the MCS for the whole group of patients correlated positively with the SOC values. Neuroticism (MPI) was also associated with the postoperative functioning in the mental and physical dimensions. Older patients had more likely to have worse score in MCS and PCS before and after surgery., Conclusions: Total hip replacement significantly improves patient health and well-being at three months after surgery. Sense of coherence, neurotism and old age influence quality of life.

Aim: The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of sociodemographic and clinical factors on symptoms of depression in 90 female patients awaiting coronarography., Method: The factor dividing the patients into two groups: those without significant atheromatosis - 48 women and those with coronary atheromatosis - 42 women, was the result of invasive diagnostics of coronary heart disease. BDI (Beck Depression Inventory), HAM-D (Hamilton Depression Rating Scale) and sociodemographic and clinical data questionnaire were used in the study., Results: It was proved that there was a connection between the appearance of increased parameters of depression and more frequent number of annual visits in the Primary Care or Cardiologic Clinic, higher level of depressiveness and anxiety, fear of obtaining information applying to the necessity of coronarography, lack of hormonal replacement therapy and of support from other people. Additionally, it was noticed that the intensity of symptoms were higher for those less educated, those waiting shorter for coronarography and those with hypertension. There were no statistically significant differences in the estimation of depressive states in both groups, neither in prevalence, nor in the intensity., Conclusion: Patients with increased parameters of depression need special therapies and multidisciplinary care.

Objective. To assess the score of SOC (sense of coherence), BDI (Beck Depression Scale), STAI ( State and Trait Anxiety Inventory) in three examined groups and correlation of SOC score with sociodemographic data, anxiety and depression. Methods. The SOC, BDI, STAI questionnaires were given to 51 patients after limb amputation, 65 patients after vertebral surgery because of chronic back pain and 40 persons in the control group. Results. Patients after limb amputation achieved the same level of SOC score as the control group. Patients who had higher results on the SOC score rarely suffered from phantom pain. Patients after spine surgery had a lower level on the SOC score than the control group. A lower score of SOC was observed in older, unemployed, poorer educated, subjects taking medicine, who did not report improvement after operation. Patients after limb amputation and patients after spinal surgery were more depressed and anxious than healthy people. Conclusion. Patients with higher SOC results, in both examined groups, were less depressed and anxious.

Objective. The study investigated health-related quality of life in relation to mental status (anxiety and depression) and demographic factors in patients before and after total hip replacement due to osteoarthrosis. Methods. The SF-36, HADS, socio-demographic data questionnaire was delivered to a group of 184 subjects (108 females, 76 males) at the mean age at the time of surgery of 59 years. Questionnaires were delivered to the subjects 2 weeks before the surgery and 6 months after the operation (by mail). Results. Patients after hip replacement showed significant improvement in health-related quality of life in most domains of SF-36 score and summary scale of PCS (Physical Component Summary Scale) and MCS (Mental Component Summary Scale). They also showed improvement in mental status. Elderly patients were more likely to show worse score in MCS and PCS before and after surgery. BMI (body mass index) was correlated only with preoperative PCS. Mental status was associated with postoperative PCS and MCS. Patients who were satisfied with the results of the surgery showed higher PCS and MCS score. Conclusion. Hip replacement surgery brings significant improvement to the quality of life. Age and mental status of those patients influence markedly their postoperative performance.

Aim: The aim of this study was to assess the score of HADS and the correlation with sociodemographic factors and personality traits in patients after limb amputation., Method: 45 patients after limb amputation due to atherosclerosis and 30 persons from a control group participated in the study. HADS Scale and the Maudsley Personality Inventory created by Eysenck were used in the study. Socidemographic data were collected by means of the Sociodemographic data questionnaire., Results: In comparison to the control group, patients after limb amputation achieved a higher score in HADS-A and HADS-D and in the N scale of the Maudsley Personality Inventory. Higher levels of anxiety and depression were noticed in patients suffering from phantom limb pain and in patients with neurotic personality traits., Conclusion: Patients after limb amputation need multidisciplinary care because of higher levels of anxiety and depression (especially patients with phantom limb pain and those with neurotic personality traits).

Aim: To compare personality types in patients after vertebral surgery., Method: 74 patients after vertebral surgery were examined with the MPI. 22 patients were operated because of injury. 52 patients were operated because of chronic pain back. The control group consisted of 20 healthy people. Maudsley Personality Inventory created by Eysenck, was used to study personality types., Results: There were no differences in personality types between patients suffering from chronic back pain and patients operated because of injury. Statistically, a significantly higher score in the N scale was noticed in the group with chronic back pain in comparison to patients operated because of injury and in comparison to the control group., Conclusions: A higher score in the N scale observed in patients suffering from chronic back pain, may suggest a specific personality type of those patients. Higher level of neuroticism may create some difficulties in the acceptation of the illness and adaptation process. It is necessary to take special psychological care of those patients.

Background. The goal of this article is to assess the treatment efficacy of partial shoulder arthroplasty after massive proximal humerus resection following pathological fracture or primary tumor, based on the authors' own clinical material. Material and methods. We analyzed 42 cases operated between 1997 and 2005, including 11 patients with primary tumors and 31 with pathological fracture or metastatic disease. A resection ranging from 6 to 12 cm was performed due to the presence of tumor and present or imminent pathological fracture. Partial shoulder arthroplasty was performed subsequently to bone resection. The follow-up time ranged from 2 months to 7 years. Outcome was assessed by X-ray imaging, clinical examination, and the Enneking functional scale. Results. Excellent and very good outcome were obtained in 37 cases, while in 2 cases the outcome was poor. 3 patients died within 7 days after surgery. Infectious complications occurred in 2 patients but resolved after conservative therapy. More than 90% of the patients expressed a positive subjective opinion. Conclusions. Partial shoulder replacement after massive proximal humerus resection was subjectively very acceptable for the operated patients. This high rate of good and excellent outcomes in clinical tests and imaging procedures confirms the usefulness of this method, and makes this kind of treatment a valuable alternative for both the patient and the orthopedic surgeon. Complications, whether early (death) or late (tumor recurrence) result from the normal biology of the tumor.

Background. The proximal femur is a frequent location of bone metastases, and pathological fractures in this area are common. A pathological fracture and/or pain associated with bone destruction are indications for surgery. Among many methods of surgical treatment, partial resection and subsequent arthroplasty appears to be the most efficient. The low cost of the implant and the relatively simple surgical technique incline us to apply long-stem (305mm) partial Austin-Moore hip prosthesis in these cases. Material and methods. Between June 2003 and February 2005 we operated 31 patients (10 men and 21 women) for pathological fracture or proximal femur metastasis. The average age of these patients was 63.8 years. The most common primary neoplasmatic focus among the women was breast cancer (17 cases, 80%), and among the men, clarocellular renal cancer (3 cases, 34%). Results. In most cases - 21 patients (67%) - we achieved excellent or good outcome according to the Merle d'Aubigne Functional Test, as well as reasonable pain relief. Endoprosthesis dislocation occurred in 2 cases and early postoperative death in 2 other cases. Conclusions. Surgical treatment is needed in cases of actual or impending pathological fracture of the proximal femur. Resection arthroplasty is the method of choice in bone metastases to proximal femur. This procedure is well tolerated by patients. The use of long-stem partial Austin-Moore hip prosthesis appears to be a good alternative to costly modular implants, while its long stem protects the femoral shaft against fractures in cases where additional metastatic lesions are found there.

Background. The objective of our study was to evaluate the stabilization of reconstructed long bones after metastatic tumor resection and defect filling with polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) or bone allograft. Material and methods. We studied a group of 107 patients who underwent surgery between 1996 and 2004 (55 females and 46 males). A primary neoplasmatic focus was found after histopathological examination in 58 cases, in 29 the histopathology was not evident, and in 20 cases no neoplastic tissue was found. Metastases were found within the femur in 73 cases, in the humerus in 19 cases, and in the tibia in 15 cases. Stabilization was performed using the traditional AO method, intramedullary nailing, or DHS/DCS fixation. Results. Taking into consideration clinical and radiological assessment, outcomes varied from fair to good. Better outcome was obtained in cases treated by polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) filling combined with intramedullary nailing or DCS/DHS than in cases treated with traditional AO plating. For tumor-like lesions, complete bone graft consolidation was found after bone allograft filling in 14 of 20 cases. Conclusions. The 2 methods of long bone stabilization mentioned above, combined with polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) or bone allograft filling, is the method of choice. Deep frozen bone grafting is possible only in cases of total tumor resection with the possibility of non-malignant tumor. The effect of reconstruction, besides fair or good outcome, included improved quality of life, less consumption of analgesics, and in many cases successful avoidance of pathological fracture.

Background. The objective of our study was to evaluate the effectiveness of the surgical treatment of bony tumor-like lesions using bone allografts. Material and methods. The study group consisted of 266 patients, 136 males and 90 females, ranging in age from 9 to 55 years (mean 29). From 1999 to 2004, 250 surgical operations were performed, including resection of osteolytic bone tumor and filling of the bone defect with an allogenic bone graft. The results of histopathological examinations confirmed the presence of tumor-like lesions in all cases. The follow-up period was from 6 months to 4 years, with a mean period of 18 months. Results. The results were analyzed based on clinical examinations and x-rays enabling the evaluation of the bone remodeling process. In 208 patients (92%), no recurrence was observed. In an other 18 patients (8 with dysplasia fibrosa, 5 with aneurysmal bone cyst, 3 with solitary bone cyst, 2 with defectus fibrosus), 50 surgical operations were performed due to multiple recurrences of the tumor. Conclusions. A very good outcome was achieved by treating tumor-like bone lesions using allogenic bone grafts. The advantages of surgical treatment are the possibility of radical and complete resection of the lesion and histopathological evaluation of tissue samples shortly afterwards. Large and thorough resection ensures good treatment outcome.

Unlabelled: The presence of chronic disease is a risk factor for the development of mood disturbances and panic disorders. They can influence the course of disease and effectiveness of therapy. Depression may be the cause of making light doctor's advice. Anxious patients often aggravate symptoms of the disease., Aim: To study symptoms of anxiety and depression in patients suffering from atopic eczema/dermatitis syndrome (ZAZS). Material. We studied 38 patients suffering from adequately controlled moderate ZAZS and 62 volunteers in the control group., Methods: Mental status of subjects was assessed by means of State and Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) and Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) questionnaires., Results: ZAZS patients demonstrated higher intensity of anxiety (as a trait and as a state) than healthy subjects. Intensity and prevalence of depression in the atopic eczema/ dermatitis syndrome group was higher than in the control group., Conclusions: Patients suffering from atopic/eczema dermatitis syndrome are pre-disposed to anxiety and depression manifestation. Even adequately controlled symptoms of atopic/eczema dermatitis syndrome may be the cause of those disturbances' occurrence.

Aim: The aim of this study was to assess the score of HADS and the correlation with sociodemographic data in patients after spine surgery., Material: 40 patients after spine surgery because of low back pain and 20 persons of control group participated in the study., Methods: HADS was used in the study. Socidemographic data were collected by means of Socio-demographic data questionnaire., Results: Patients after spine surgery had worse results in HADS-A and HADS-D in comparison to control group. Men, older, worse-educated, unemployed, reporting more concomitant disease and medicine taking patients were more depressed. Anxiety correlated with age, education, tacking medicine and improvement after surgery., Conclusion: Patients after spine surgery need multidisciplinary care because of higher level of anxiety and depression.

The aim of the study was to establish the frequency and follow the clinical course of depression and anxiety in patients with bronchial asthma. 57 patients (37 atopic and 20 nonatopic) with mild and moderate bronchial asthma and 53 subjects matched for age and sex as control groups were included in the study. The following questionnaires: Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) and Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) were used to evaluate anxiety and mood state. The level and prevalence of anxiety and depression were significantly higher in both groups of asthmatics in comparison to healthy subjects. Symptoms were mild and moderate. Nonatopic patients were more depressed and anxious than atopics.

The aim of this study was an estimation of the sense of coherence in the group of patients suffering from alcohol dependence syndrom. The examined group consisted of 21 patients at the age from 21 to 53 years, treated in The II Department of Psychiatry in Tarnowskie Góry. The control group contained 24 healthy persons at the age from 21 to 44 years. The SOC-29 scale by Antonowsky was used in order to estimate the sense of coherence. SOC level was significantly lower in the group of patients drinking alcohol in comparison with healthy people but only in the group of men.