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Supplemental material, sj-pdf-1-jbr-10.1177_07487304221146242 for Prolonged Light Exposure Induces Circadian Impairment in Aquaporin-4-Knockout Mice by Atsumi Murakami, Kouki Tsuji, Minako Isoda, Masahiro Matsuo, Yoichiro Abe, Masato Yasui, Hitoshi Okamura and Keiko Tominaga in Journal of Biological Rhythms

Supplemental material, sj-docx-1-jbr-10.1177_07487304221146242 for Prolonged Light Exposure Induces Circadian Impairment in Aquaporin-4-Knockout Mice by Atsumi Murakami, Kouki Tsuji, Minako Isoda, Masahiro Matsuo, Yoichiro Abe, Masato Yasui, Hitoshi Okamura and Keiko Tominaga in Journal of Biological Rhythms

Objective:All-night polysomnography （PSG） is a useful tool for evaluating sleep quality. However, it requires subjects to sleep in an unfamiliar environment, which can influence sleep quality. Moreover, PSG is labor-intensive, timeconsuming, and expensive. We evaluated a portable two-channel electroencephalogram （EEG） monitoring system and compared the signals obtained from the device with those of simultaneously recorded full PSG., Methods:Signals obtained from two-channel EEG were comparing with simultaneously recorded full PSG signals. Sleep stages were scored using the American Academy of Sleep Medicine Manual for Scoring Sleep 2007. The epochby-epoch percent agreement and Cohen’s kappa coefficient were used for agreement evaluation of sleep stage in both devices., Results:The participants were healthy Japanese volunteers （mean （standard deviation）: age: 20.9 （1.8） years; seven women and nine men）. In epoch-by-epoch comparison, the average agreement and kappa value of sleep stages between two-channel EEG and PSG were 0.83 （0.04） and 0.75 （0.05）, respectively. Kappa coefficients showed strong agreement for stage R （REM: rapid eye movement）, stage W （wake）, stage N3 （non-REM: NREM 3）, and stage N2 （NREM 2）（0.86（0.09）, 0.76（0.12）, 0.74（0.15） and 0.73（0.06）, respectively） and weak agreement for stage N1（NREM 1）（0.44（0.13））., Conclusion:These results demonstrate that two-channel EEG facilitates home sleep monitoring and exhibits acceptable agreement with PSG. Therefore, this tool may be suitable for use in epidemiological and intervention studies.

Figure S4. Receiver operating characteristic analysis of the sixth and seventh items of the Athens Insomnia Scale (AIS) compared with depression. (PPTX 42 kb)

Figure S1. Histograms of participant characteristics. (PPTX 79 kb)

Figure S2. Distribution of the Athens Insomnia Scale (AIS) and Insomnia Severity Index (ISI). The numbers represent the count in each bin. (PPTX 119 kb)

Table S2. Comparison of correlation coefficients. The Pearson correlation coefficients were compared with the Athens Insomnia Scale (AIS) and Insomnia Severity Index (ISI) scores. (PPTX 40 kb)

Table S3. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis of the Athens Insomnia Scale (AIS) and Insomnia Severity Index (ISI) items compared with depression. The eight items from the AIS (from AIS_1 to AIS_8) and 7 items from the ISI (from ISI_1 to ISI_7) were compared with depression. A Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) scoreâ â Ľâ 10 was classified as depression. (PPTX 42 kb)

Figure S3. Athens Insomnia Scale (AIS) and Insomnia Severity Index (ISI) items compared with sleep latency, wake-up time, total sleep time (TST), Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9), and Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS). A, b, c, d, and e represent pÂ

Table S1. Pearson correlation coefficients (r) for the physical continuous summary (PCS), mental continuous summary (MCS), absolute presenteeism, Athens Insomnia Scale (AIS) and Insomnia Severity Index (ISI). (PPTX 40 kb)

Objective:Shift work is reported to increase risk for various health problems inclusing depression. The purposes of this study are to analyze whether working schedule (day work vs. shift work) may affect depressive symptoms., Methods:To examine these, we performed a cross-sectional study using questionnaires in a pharmaceutical company in Japan (n=1,893). We extracted data from the intranet databese of the employee including age, sex, type of job, work schedule (day work/shift work, average overtime hours per one month), sleep duration, drinking frequency, current smoking, exercise habits, and depressive symptoms. Depressive symptoms were assessed using the Patient Health Questionnarie- (PHQ-2)., Results:The number of dytime workers and shift workers were 1,684(89.0%) and 209(11.0%), respectively. Multiple logistic regressin analysis revealed that shift work (odds ratio=2.01, 95% confidence intervals: 1.45-2.79, p, Cinclusions:This stydy revealed that shift work raised the risk of depressive symptoms independent of short sleep duration (, 交代勤務と日中勤務の勤務スケジュールの違いがうつ症状に影響を及ぼすか検討するため、製薬企業で質問票調査による横断的研究を行った。従業員1992名(男1443名、女450名、平均39.7際)を対象に、年齢、性別、仕事の種類、仕事のスケジュール(日中勤務/交代勤務、一月あたりの平均残業時間)、睡眠時間、飲酒習慣、最近の喫煙歴、運動習慣と鬱症状を含む従業員のイントラネットデータベースからのデータを抽出した。鬱症状はPatient Health Questionnaire-2(PHQ-2)を用いて評価した。その結果、日中勤務者と交代勤務者の数はそれぞれ1684名と209名であった。多重ロジスティック回帰分析を行ったところ、交代勤務(オッズ比2.01)、労働時間の長さ(オッズ比1.40)、睡眠時間の短さ(オッズ比2.01)が鬱症状の独立危険因子であった。交代勤務は短時間睡眠や長時間労働と関係なく、鬱症状のリスクを上昇させることが示された。

Objectives:The aim of this study was to validate the accuracy of a newly developed shigle-channnel electroencephalogram and sleep staging by signals obtained from device by comparing the sleep scoring results to those of simultaneously recorded full polysomnography., Methods:Sleep stages were scored using the American Academy of Sleep Medicine Manual for Scoring Sleep 2007. The participants (age, 52.4 ± 11.9 years; five women, 53 men) were Japanese clinic outpatients with an apnea-hypopnea index ≤ 5., Results:The average percent agreement and kappa coefficient of sleep stages between single-channel electroencephalogram and polysomnography were 86.9% ± 4.42 and 0.75 ± 0.081, respectively. In epoch-by-epoch analysis, the kappa coefficients showed strong agreement for stage R, stage W, and stage N1 + N2 (0.80, 0.77, and 0.74, respectively) but weak agreement for staeg N3 (0.25)., Conclusions:This single-channel electroencephalogram facilitates unattended sleep monitoring with and results that acceptably agree with those of polysomnography. This feature may meet the needs of large epidemiological and interventional studies., 新しく開発した脳波計の精度を調べ、同時に記録した睡眠ポリグラフの結果と比較し、本装置から得られたシグナルによる睡眠の段階の評価が正しいか検証した。睡眠の段階はAmerican Academy of Sleep Medicine Manual for Scoring Sleep 2007に従ってスコア化した。被験者(男53名、女5名、平均52.4±11.9歳)は、無呼吸低呼吸指数が5以下の日本人外来患者であった。1チャンネル脳波計と睡眠ポリグラフ検査の平均パーセント一致率とκ係数は、86.9±4.42%と0.75±0.081であった。時期単位での解析では、κ係数はR期、W期、N1+N2期(0.80、0.77、0.74)では強く一致したが、N3期(0.25)ではあまり一致しなかった。この1チャンネル脳波計は無人で睡眠を監視することができ、その結果は睡眠ポリグラフとほぼ一致することが示された。