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6. What does the eye tell the brain?: development of a system for the large-scale recording of retinal output activity

Author

Litke, A.M., Bezayiff, N., Chichilnisky, E.J., Cunningham, W., Dabrowski, W., Grillo, A.A., Grivich, M., Grybos, P., Hottowy, P., Kachiguine, S., Kalmar, R.S., Mathieson, K., Petrusca, D., Rahman, M., and Sher, A.

Subjects
Neural networks -- Analysis, Image processing -- Research, Retina -- Research, Brain, Neural network, Business, Electronics, Electronics and electrical industries
Abstract

A multielectrode array system has been developed to study how the retina processes and encodes visual images. This system can simultaneously record the extracellular electrical activity from hundreds of retinal output neurons as a dynamic visual image is focused on the input neurons. The retinal output signals detected can be correlated with the visual input to study the neural code used by the eye to send information about the visual world to the brain. The system consists of the following components: 1) a 32 x 16 rectangular array of 512 planar microelectrodes with a sensitive area of 1.7 [mm.sup.2]; the electrode spacing is 60 [micro]m and the electrode diameter is 5 [micro]m (hexagonal arrays with 519 electrodes are under development); 2) eight 64-channel custom-designed integrated circuits to platinize the electrodes and ac couple the signals; 3) eight 64-channel integrated circuits to amplify, band-pass filter, and analog multiplex the signals; 4) a data acquisition system; and 5) data processing software. This paper will describe the design of the system, the experimental and data analysis techniques, and some first results with live retina. The system is based on techniques and expertise acquired in the development of silicon microstrip detectors for high-energy physics experiments. Index Terms--Analog integrated circuits, biomedical electrodes, image processing, neural networks, visual system.

Published
2004

7. Detective quantum efficiency of the Medipix pixel detector

Author

Davidson, D.W., Watt, J., Tlustos, L., Mikulec, B., Campbell, M., Mathieson, K., O'Shea, V., Smith, K.M., and Rahman, M.

Subjects
Business, Electronics, Electronics and electrical industries
Abstract

We have measured the intrinsic performance of a digital X-ray detector, the Medipix1, by examining the total detective quantum efficiency (DQE). We studied how the DQE depends on both the incident photon energy and spatial frequency. Reported here is the calculation of the detective quantum efficiency for the case of a 300 [micro]m thick silicon diode detector attached to the Medipix1 readout chip. This was done by determining the modulation transfer function and the noise power spectrum; together these allow the frequency component of the DQE to be calculated. X-ray absorption efficiency in the detector gives the dependence on incident energy. This system was found to have a DQE that peaked at 0.118, using a dental X-ray source, and dropped to 0.049 at the Nyquist frequency of 2.94 line pairs per mm. Index Terms--Detective quantum efficiency, image quality, Medipix, semiconductors.

Published
2003

9. Recent advancements in the development of radiation hard semiconductor detectors for S-LHC

Author

Fretwurst, E., Adey, J., Al-Ajili, A., Alfieri, G., Allport, P.P., Artuso, M., Assouak, S., Avset, B.S., Barabash, L., Barcz, A., Bates, R., Biagi, S.F., Bilei, G.M., Bisello, D., Blue, A., Blumenau, A., Boisvert, V., Bolla, G., Bondarenko, G., Borchi, E., Borrello, L., Bortoletto, D., Boscardin, M., Bosisio, L., Bowcock, T.J.V., Brodbeck, T.J., Broz, J., Bruzzi, M., Brzozowski, A., Buda, M., Buhmann, P., Buttar, C., Campabadal, F., Campbell, D., Candelori, A., Casse, G., Cavallini, A., Charron, S., Chilingarov, A., Chren, D., Cindro, V., Collins, P., Coluccia, R., Contarato, D., Coutinho, J., Creanza, D., Cunningham, L., Dalla Betta, G.-F., Dawson, I., de Boer, W., De Palma, M., Demina, R., Dervan, P., Dittongo, S., Dolezal, Z., Dolgolenko, A., Eberlein, T., Eremin, V., Fall, C., Fasolo, F., Ferbel, T., Fizzotti, F., Fleta, C., Focardi, E., Forton, E., Garcia, C., Garcia-Navarro, J.E., Gaubas, E., Genest, M.-H., Gill, K.A., Giolo, K., Glaser, M., Goessling, C., Golovine, V., González Sevilla, S., Gorelov, I., Goss, J., Gouldwell Bates, A., Grégoire, G., Gregori, P., Grigoriev, E., Grillo, A.A., Groza, A., Guskov, J., Haddad, L., Härkönen, J., Hauler, F., Hoeferkamp, M., Hönniger, F., Horazdovsky, T., Horisberger, R., Horn, M., Houdayer, A., Hourahine, B., Hughes, G., Ilyashenko, I., Irmscher, K., Ivanov, A., Jarasiunas, K., Johansen, K.M.H., Jones, B.K., Jones, R., Joram, C., Jungermann, L., Kalinina, E., Kaminski, P., Karpenko, A., Karpov, A., Kazlauskiene, V., Kazukauskas, V., Khivrich, V., Khomenkov, V., Kierstead, J., Klaiber-Lodewigs, J., Klingenberg, R., Kodys, P., Kohout, Z., Korjenevski, S., Koski, M., Kozlowski, R., Kozodaev, M., Kramberger, G., Krasel, O., Kuznetsov, A., Kwan, S., Lagomarsino, S., Lassila-Perini, K., Lastovetsky, V., Latino, G., Lazanu, I., Lazanu, S., Lebedev, A., Lebel, C., Leinonen, K., Leroy, C., Li, Z., Lindström, G., Linhart, V., Litovchenko, P., Litovchenko, A., Lo Giudice, A., Lozano, M., Luczynski, Z., Luukka, P., Macchiolo, A., Makarenko, L.F., Mandić, I., Manfredotti, C., Manna, N., Marti i Garcia, S., Marunko, S., Mathieson, K., Melone, J., Menichelli, D., Messineo, A., Metcalfe, J., Miglio, S., Mikuž, M., Miyamoto, J., Moll, M., Monakhov, E., Moscatelli, F., Naoumov, D., Nossarzewska-Orlowska, E., Nysten, J., Olivero, P., Oshea, V., Palviainen, T., Paolini, C., Parkes, C., Passeri, D., Pein, U., Pellegrini, G., Perera, L., Petasecca, M., Piemonte, C., Pignatel, G.U., Pinho, N., Pintilie, I., Pintilie, L., Polivtsev, L., Polozov, P., Popa, A., Popule, J., Pospisil, S., Pozza, A., Radicci, V., Rafí, J.M., Rando, R., Roeder, R., Rohe, T., Ronchin, S., Rott, C., Roy, A., Ruzin, A., Sadrozinski, H.F.W., Sakalauskas, S., Scaringella, M., Schiavulli, L., Schnetzer, S., Schumm, B., Sciortino, S., Scorzoni, A., Segneri, G., Seidel, S., Seiden, A., Sellberg, G., Sellin, P., Sentenac, D., Shipsey, I., Sicho, P., Sloan, T., Solar, M., Son, S., Sopko, B., Sopko, V., Spencer, N., Stahl, J., Stolze, D., Stone, R., Storasta, J., Strokan, N., Sudzius, M., Surma, B., Suvorov, A., Svensson, B.G., Tipton, P., Tomasek, M., Tsvetkov, A., Tuominen, E., Tuovinen, E., Tuuva, T., Tylchin, M., Uebersee, H., Uher, J., Ullán, M., Vaitkus, J.V., Velthuis, J., Verbitskaya, E., Vrba, V., Wagner, G., Wilhelm, I., Worm, S., Wright, V., Wunstorf, R., Yiuri, Y., Zabierowski, P., Zaluzhny, A., Zavrtanik, M., Zen, M., Zhukov, V., and Zorzi, N.

Published
2005
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10. Development of radiation tolerant semiconductor detectors for the Super-LHC

Author

Moll, M., Adey, J., Al-Ajili, A., Alfieri, G., Allport, P.P., Artuso, M., Assouak, S., Avset, B.S., Barabash, L., Barcz, A., Bates, R., Biagi, S.F., Bilei, G.M., Bisello, D., Blue, A., Blumenau, A., Boisvert, V., Bolla, G., Bondarenko, G., Borchi, E., Borrello, L., Bortoletto, D., Boscardin, M., Bosisio, L., Bowcock, T.J.V., Brodbeck, T.J., Broz, J., Bruzzi, M., Brzozowski, A., Buda, M., Buhmann, P., Buttar, C., Campabadal, F., Campbell, D., Candelori, A., Casse, G., Cavallini, A., Charron, S., Chilingarov, A., Chren, D., Cindro, V., Collins, P., Coluccia, R., Contarato, D., Coutinho, J., Creanza, D., Cunningham, W., Dalla Betta, G. -F., Dawson, I., de Boer, W., De Palma, M., Demina, R., Dervan, P., Dittongo, S., Dolezal, Z., Dolgolenko, A., Eberlein, T., Eremin, V., Fall, C., Fasolo, F., Fizzotti, F., Fleta, C., Focardi, E., Forton, E., Fretwurst, E., Garcia, C., Garcia-Navarro, J.E., Gaubas, E., Genest, M. -H., Gill, K.A., Giolo, K., Glaser, M., Goessling, C., Golovine, V., González Sevilla, S., Gorelov, I., Goss, J., Gouldwell Bates, A., Grégoire, G., Gregori, P., Grigoriev, E., Grillo, A.A., Groza, A., Guskov, J., Haddad, L., Härkönen, J., Hauler, F., Hoeferkamp, M., Hönniger, F., Horazdovsky, T., Horisberger, R., Horn, M., Houdayer, A., Hourahine, B., Hughes, G., Ilyashenko, I., Irmscher, K., Ivanov, A., Jarasiunas, K., Johansen, K.M.H., Jones, B.K., Jones, R., Joram, C., Jungermann, L., Kalinina, E., Kaminski, P., Karpenko, A., Karpov, A., Kazlauskiene, V., Kazukauskas, V., Khivrich, V., Khomenkov, V., Kierstead, J., Klaiber-Lodewigs, J., Klingenberg, R., Kodys, P., Kohout, Z., Korjenevski, S., Koski, M., Kozlowski, R., Kozodaev, M., Kramberger, G., Krasel, O., Kuznetsov, A., Kwan, S., Lagomarsino, S., Lassila-Perini, K., Lastovetsky, V., Latino, G., Lazanu, S., Lazanu, I., Lebedev, A., Lebel, C., Leinonen, K., Leroy, C., Li, Z., Lindström, G., Linhart, V., Litovchenko, A., Litovchenko, P., Lo Giudice, A., Lozano, M., Luczynski, Z., Luukka, P., Macchiolo, A., Makarenko, L.F., Mandić, I., Manfredotti, C., Manna, N., Marti i Garcia, S., Marunko, S., Mathieson, K., Melone, J., Menichelli, D., Messineo, A., Metcalfe, J., Miglio, S., Mikuž, M., Miyamoto, J., Monakhov, E., Moscatelli, F., Naoumov, D., Nossarzewska-Orlowska, E., Nysten, J., Olivero, P., OShea, V., Palviainen, T., Paolini, C., Parkes, C., Passeri, D., Pein, U., Pellegrini, G., Perera, L., Petasecca, M., Piemonte, C., Pignatel, G.U., Pinho, N., Pintilie, I., Pintilie, L., Polivtsev, L., Polozov, P., Popa, A., Popule, J., Pospisil, S., Pozza, A., Radicci, V., Rafí, J.M., Rando, R., Roeder, R., Rohe, T., Ronchin, S., Rott, C., Roy, A., Ruzin, A., Sadrozinski, H.F.W., Sakalauskas, S., Scaringella, M., Schiavulli, L., Schnetzer, S., Schumm, B., Sciortino, S., Scorzoni, A., Segneri, G., Seidel, S., Seiden, A., Sellberg, G., Sellin, P., Sentenac, D., Shipsey, I., Sicho, P., Sloan, T., Solar, M., Son, S., Sopko, B., Sopko, V., Spencer, N., Stahl, J., Stolze, D., Stone, R., Storasta, J., Strokan, N., Sudzius, M., Surma, B., Suvorov, A., Svensson, B.G., Tipton, P., Tomasek, M., Tsvetkov, A., Tuominen, E., Tuovinen, E., Tuuva, T., Tylchin, M., Uebersee, H., Uher, J., Ullán, M., Vaitkus, J.V., Velthuis, J., Verbitskaya, E., Vrba, V., Wagner, G., Wilhelm, I., Worm, S., Wright, V., Wunstorf, R., Yiuri, Y., Zabierowski, P., Zaluzhny, A., Zavrtanik, M., Zen, M., Zhukov, V., and Zorzi, N.

Published
2005
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13. Radiation-hard semiconductor detectors for SuperLHC

Author

Bruzzi, M., Adey, J., Al-Ajili, A., Alexandrov, P., Alfieri, G., Allport, P.P., Andreazza, A., Artuso, M., Assouak, S., Avset, B.S., Barabash, L., Baranova, E., Barcz, A., Basile, A., Bates, R., Belova, N., Biagi, S.F., Bilei, G.M., Bisello, D., Blue, A., Blumenau, A., Boisvert, V., Bolla, G., Bondarenko, G., Borchi, E., Borrello, L., Bortoletto, D., Boscardin, M., Bosisio, L., V. Bowcock, T.J., Brodbeck, T.J., Broz, J., Brukhanov, A., Brzozowski, A., Buda, M., Buhmann, P., Buttar, C., Campabadal, F., Campbell, D., Candelori, A., Casse, G., Cavallini, A., Chilingarov, A., Chren, D., Cindro, V., Citterio, M., Collins, P., Coluccia, R., Contarato, D., Coutinho, J., Creanza, D., Cunningham, W., Cvetkov, V., Dalla Betta, G.-F., Davies, G., Dawson, I., de Boer, W., De Palma, M., Demina, R., Dervan, P., Dierlamm, A., Dittongo, S., Dobrzanski, L., Dolezal, Z., Dolgolenko, A., Eberlein, T., Eremin, V., Fall, C., Fasolo, F., Ferbel, T., Fizzotti, F., Fleta, C., Focardi, E., Forton, E., Franchenko, S., Fretwurst, E., Gamaz, F., Garcia, C., Garcia-Navarro, J.E., Gaubas, E., Genest, M.-H., Gill, K.A., Giolo, K., Glaser, M., Goessling, C., Golovine, V., González Sevilla, S., Gorelov, I., Goss, J., Gouldwell, A., Grégoire, G., Gregori, P., Grigoriev, E., Grigson, C., Grillo, A., Groza, A., Guskov, J., Haddad, L., Härkönen, J., Harding, R., Hauler, F., Hayama, S., Hoeferkamp, M., Hönniger, F., Horazdovsky, T., Horisberger, R., Horn, M., Houdayer, A., Hourahine, B., Hruban, A., Hughes, G., Ilyashenko, I., Irmscher, K., Ivanov, A., Jarasiunas, K., Jin, T., Jones, B.K., Jones, R., Joram, C., Jungermann, L., Kalinina, E., Kaminski, P., Karpenko, A., Karpov, A., Kazlauskiene, V., Kazukauskas, V., Khivrich, V., Khomenkov, V., Kierstead, J., Klaiber-Lodewigs, J., Kleverman, M., Klingenberg, R., Kodys, P., Kohout, Z., Korjenevski, S., Kowalik, A., Kozlowski, R., Kozodaev, M., Kramberger, G., Krasel, O., Kuznetsov, A., Kwan, S., Lagomarsino, S., Lari, T., Lassila-Perini, K., Lastovetsky, V., Latino, G., Latushkin, S., Lazanu, S., Lazanu, I., Lebel, C., Leinonen, K., Leroy, C., Li, Z., Lindström, G., Lindstrom, L., Linhart, V., Litovchenko, A., Litovchenko, P., Litvinov, V., Lo Giudice, A., Lozano, M., Luczynski, Z., Luukka, P., Macchiolo, A., Mainwood, A., Makarenko, L.F., Mandić, I., Manfredotti, C., Marti i Garcia, S., Marunko, S., Mathieson, K., Mozzanti, A., Melone, J., Menichelli, D., Meroni, C., Messineo, A., Miglio, S., Mikuž, M., Miyamoto, J., Moll, M., Monakhov, E., Moscatelli, F., Murin, L., Nava, F., Naoumov, D., Nossarzewska-Orlowska, E., Nummela, S., Nysten, J., Olivero, P., Oshea, V., Palviainen, T., Paolini, C., Parkes, C., Passeri, D., Pein, U., Pellegrini, G., Perera, L., Petasecca, M., Piatkowski, B., Piemonte, C., Pignatel, G.U., Pinho, N., Pintilie, I., Pintilie, L., Polivtsev, L., Polozov, P., Popa, A.I., Popule, J., Pospisil, S., Pucker, G., Radicci, V., Rafí, J.M., Ragusa, F., Rahman, M., Rando, R., Roeder, R., Rohe, T., Ronchin, S., Rott, C., Roy, P., Roy, A., Ruzin, A., Ryazanov, A., Sadrozinski, H.F.W., Sakalauskas, S., Scaringella, M., Schiavulli, L., Schnetzer, S., Schumm, B., Sciortino, S., Scorzoni, A., Segneri, G., Seidel, S., Seiden, A., Sellberg, G., Sellin, P., Sentenac, D., Shipsey, I., Sicho, P., Sloan, T., Solar, M., Son, S., Sopko, B., Spencer, N., Stahl, J., Stavitski, I., Stolze, D., Stone, R., Storasta, J., Strokan, N., Strupinski, W., Sudzius, M., Surma, B., Suuronen, J., Suvorov, A., Svensson, B.G., Tipton, P., Tomasek, M., Troncon, C., Tsvetkov, A., Tuominen, E., Tuovinen, E., Tuuva, T., Tylchin, M., Uebersee, H., Uher, J., Ullán, M., Vaitkus, J.V., Vanni, P., Velthuis, J., Verzellesi, G., Verbitskaya, E., Vrba, V., Wagner, G., Wilhelm, I., Worm, S., Wright, V., Wunstorf, R., Zabierowski, P., Zaluzhny, A., Zavrtanik, M., Zen, M., Zhukov, V., and Zorzi, N.

Published
2005
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14. Developments in GaAs pixel detectors for x-ray imaging

Author

Manolopoulos, S., Bates, R., Campbell, M., Via, C. Da, Heijne, E., Heuken, M., Jurgensen, H., Ludwig, J., Marder, D., Mathieson, K., O'Shea, V., Raine, C., Rogalla, M., and Smith, K.M.

Subjects
Semiconductor nuclear counters -- Research, Imaging systems -- Research, Business, Electronics, Electronics and electrical industries
Abstract

Position sensitive hybrid pixel detectors have been fabricated by bump bonding silicon or bulk grown semi-insulating gallium arsenide pixel detectors to CMOS read-out chips. Their performance as X-ray imaging sensors, in the energy range of 10-70 keV, was evaluated in terms of spatial resolution. For the GaAs device a fit was made to the line spread function (LSF) obtained from the image of a narrow slit and the corresponding modulation transfer function (MTF) and noise equivalent passband ([N.sub.e]) evaluated. A value of 5.7 line pairs per mm (1p/mm) was found for the latter, with a modulation of 10% at the Nyquist frequency ([N.sub.y]). A comparison is also given of the performance of these devices with state-of-the-art scintillator on silicon CCD dental X-ray sensors. In a bid to improve detector performance, thick layers of high quality GaAs have recently been grown by low pressure vapour phase epitaxy (LP-VPE). Hall measurements on initial samples gave free carrier concentration of 1-8x[10.sup.11] [cm.sup.-3]. From the C-V dependence of a reverse-biased Schottky diode this material, however, a space charge density of 2 x [10.sup.13] [cm.sup.-3] was measured. The observed temperature and frequency dependency of the capacitance is characteristic of the presence of deep levels and so the material is believed to have a small degree of compensation due to these levels. The measured charge collection efficiency determined (c.c.e.) for 60 keV gamma rays showed an increase with reverse bias, reaching a plateau value of 93% for 100V. The limitations of present detectors are discussed and possible future developments indicated.

Published
1998

20. Laboratory Information System-Electronic Health Record Interconnection, Usage and Functionality in Ambulatory Care Settings

Author

Hyacinthe Gn and Mathieson K

Subjects
Laboratory test, Ambulatory care, Descriptive statistics, Electronic health record, Ambulatory, medicine, Information system, Medical emergency, Logistic regression, medicine.disease, Psychology, Medical care
Abstract

Background: Laboratory information maximizes effective delivery of care by allowing physicians and other providers to make appropriate diagnostic and therapeutic decisions. Studies exploring the Electronic Health Record (EHR) interconnection with the laboratory information system (LIS) through data processing, reviewing, and sharing capabilities among ambulatory care providers are scarce. Aim: The aim of this study was to explore the use of electronic laboratory services through the EHR-LIS interconnectivity to access patient laboratory data in meaningful way. This study was further used to evaluate the relationship between practice characteristics and meaningful usage of laboratory functionalities. Method: Using a nationally representative sample of 44,296 physician responses from National Ambulatory Medical Care Survey (NAMC) data, this study used descriptive statistics to first determine the level of meaningful usage of the EHR-LIS functionalities among ambulatory care physicians. Logistic regression was then used to assess potential effects of factors, such as physician specialty, practice type, practice geographical region, and ownership status on usage of the EHR-LIS functions. Results: More than two-third of physicians used the EHR-LIS meaningfully. The strongest positive associations (OR=2.64 and 2.42) were found between practice type (solo, non-solo) and electronic reviewing and sharing of laboratory test results with ambulatory physicians in practice group. On the other hand, practice region and ownership status negatively influenced (OR=0.79, 0.94, and 0.77) the electronic sharing of tests results with physicians outside practice groups. Conclusion: Practice and physician characteristics can significantly affect physician usage of laboratory functionalities.

Published
2018
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31. Spatial Extent of the Ganglion Cells Response to Subretinal Photovoltaic Stimulation

Author

Goetz, Georges, Palanker, D., Smith, R., Lei, X., Kamins, T., Harris, J., Mathieson, K., and Sher, A.

Subjects
genetic structures, ddc: 610, sense organs, 610 Medical sciences, Medicine, eye diseases
Abstract

Objective: To assess the spatial extent of the response of the retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) to stimulation by subretinal photovoltaic arrays. Methods: Photovoltaic arrays with pixel sizes of 140 and 70um were placed on the photoreceptor side of a rat retina, and network-mediated responses of the[for full text, please go to the a.m. URL], Artificial Vision 2013

Published
2014

36. Photovoltaic Retinal Prosthesis: evaluation in-vivo

Author

Mandel, Y, Lorach, H, Goetz, G, Lavinsky, D, Huie, P, Mathieson, K, Wang, L, Lei, X, Kamins, T, Manivanh, R, Harris, J, Palanker, D, Mandel, Y, Lorach, H, Goetz, G, Lavinsky, D, Huie, P, Mathieson, K, Wang, L, Lei, X, Kamins, T, Manivanh, R, Harris, J, and Palanker, D

Published
2014

37. Programmable active pixel sensor to investigate neural interactions within the retina

Author

Hart, M.D., Prydderch, M.L., Morrison, J.D., Murdoch, D., and Mathieson, K.

Subjects
genetic structures, ComputingMethodologies_IMAGEPROCESSINGANDCOMPUTERVISION, RE, sense organs, eye diseases, ComputingMethodologies_COMPUTERGRAPHICS
Abstract

Detection of the visual scene by the eye and the resultant neural interactions of the retina-brain system give us our perception of sight. We have developed an Active Pixel Sensor (APS) to be used as a tool for both furthering understanding of these interactions via experimentation with the retina and to make developments towards a realisable retinal prosthesis. The sensor consists of 469 pixels in a hexagonal array. The pixels are interconnected by a programmable neural network to mimic lateral interactions between retinal cells. Outputs from the sensor are in the form of biphasic current pulse trains suitable to stimulate retinal cells via a biocompatible array. The APS will be described with initial characterisation and test results.

Published
2009

39. Development of radiation hard semiconductor: devices for very high luminosity colliders

Author

Mauro De Palma, D, Radicci, V, Lozano, M, Campabadal, F, Ullán, M, Martínez, C, Fleta, C, Key, M, Raffí, J M, Kordas, G, Kontogeorgakos, A, Trapalis, C, Gössling, C, Klaiber-Lodewigs, J, Klingenberg, R, Krasel, O, Wunstorf, R, Röder, R, Übensee, H, Stolze, D, Jones, R, Coutinho, J, Fall, C, Goss, J, Hourahine, B, Eberlein, T, Adey, J, Blumenau, A, Pinho, N, Borchi, E, Bruzzi, M, Bucciolini, M, Sciortino, S, Menichelli, D, Baldi, A, Lagomarsino, S, Miglio, S, Pini, S, Glaser, M, Joram, C, Moll, M, Rahman, M, O'Shea, V, Bates, R, Roy, P, Cunningham, L, Al-Ajili, A, Pellegrini, G, Horn, M, Haddad, L, Mathieson, K, Gouldwell, A, Bondarenko, V, Krause-Rehberg, R, Fretwurst, E, Lindström, G, Stahl, J, Contarato, D, Buhmann, P, Pein, U, Pintilie, I, Parker, S, Orava, R, Österberg, K, Schulman, T, Lauhakangas, R, Sanna, J, Härkönen, J, Tuominen, E, Lassila-Perini, K M, Nummela, S, Tuovinen, E, Nysten, J, de Boer, Wim, Dierlamm, A, Grigoriev, E, Hauler, F, Jungermann, L, Litovchenko, P, Barabash, L, Lastovetsky, V, Dolgolenko, A, Litovchenko, A P, Karpenko, A, Khivrich, V, Polivtsev, L, Groza, A, Chilingarov, A, Brodbeck, T J, Campbell, D, Hughes, G, Jones, B K, Sloan, T, Allport, P P, Casse, G, Davies, G, Mainwood, A, Hayama, S, Harding, R, Jin, Tan, Assouak, S, Forton, E, Grégoire, G, Murin, L, Kleverman, M, Lindström, L, Zavrtanik, M, Mandic, I, Cindro, V, Mikuz, M, Andreazza, A, Citterio, M, Lari, T, Meroni, C, Ragusa, F, Troncon, C, Leroy, C, Gamaz, F, Genest, M H, Houdayer, A, Lebel, C, Bekenov, B, Golovin, V, Kozodaev, M, Prokop'ev, E, Zaluzhnyi, A, Grafutin, V, Suvorov, A, Ryazanov, A, Litvinov, V, Alexandrov, P, Belova, N, Fanchenko, S, Latushkin, S, Cvetkov, V, Brukhanov, A, Baranova, E, Monakhov, E, Alfieri, G, Kuznetsov, A, Svensson, B G, Kallijärvi, S, Nikkilä, H, Plamu, L, Remes, K, Tuuva, T, Bisello, D, Candelori, A, Litovchenko, A, Rando, R, Messineo, A, Borrello, L, Sentenac, D, Starodumov, A, Worm, S, Schnetzer, S, Stone, R, Perera, L, Sopko, B, Chren, D, Horazdovsky, T, Kohout, Z, Solar, M, Pospísil, S, Linhart, V, Uher, J, Dolezal, Z, Wilhelm, I, Broz, J, Tsvetkov, A, Kodys, P, Popule, J, Tomasek, MPrague, Inst. Phys., Vrba, VPrague, Inst. Phys., Sícho, PPrague, Inst. Phys., Verbitskaya, E, Eremin, V, Ilyashenko, I, Ivanov, A, Strokan, N, Sellin, P, Artuso, Marina, Ruzin, A, Marunko, S, Tilchin, T, Guskov, J, Boscardin, M, Dalla Betta, G F, Gregori, P, Pucker, G, Zen, M, Zorzi, N, Bosisio, L, Dittongo, S, Li, Z, Da Vià, C, Kok, A, Hasi, J, Kuhnke, M, Watts, S, Martí i García, S, García, C, García-Navarro, J E, Horisberger, R, Rohe, T, Vaitkus, J V, Gaubas, E, Jarasiunas, K, Sudzius, M, Jasinskaite, R, Kazukauskas, V, Storasta, J, Sakalauskas, S, Kazlauskiene, V, Luczynski, Z, Nossarzhewska-Orlowska, E, Kozlowski, R, Brzozowski, A, Zabierowski, P, Piatkowski, B, Hruban, A, Strupinski, W, Kowalik, A, Dobrzanski, L, Surma, B, and Barcz, A

Subjects
Detectors and Experimental Techniques
Published
2002

43. Efficient Coding of Spatial Information in the Primate Retina

Author

Doi, E., primary, Gauthier, J. L., additional, Field, G. D., additional, Shlens, J., additional, Sher, A., additional, Greschner, M., additional, Machado, T. A., additional, Jepson, L. H., additional, Mathieson, K., additional, Gunning, D. E., additional, Litke, A. M., additional, Paninski, L., additional, Chichilnisky, E. J., additional, and Simoncelli, E. P., additional

Published
2012
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45. Silicon detectors for the sLHC

Author

Affolder, A., primary, Aleev, A., additional, Allport, P.P., additional, Andricek, L., additional, Artuso, M., additional, Balbuena, J.P., additional, Barabash, L., additional, Barber, T., additional, Barcz, A., additional, Bassignana, D., additional, Bates, R., additional, Battaglia, M., additional, Beimforde, M., additional, Bernardini, J., additional, Betancourt, C., additional, Bilei, G.M., additional, Bisello, D., additional, Blue, A., additional, Bohm, J., additional, Bolla, G., additional, Borgia, A., additional, Borrello, L., additional, Bortoletto, D., additional, Boscardin, M., additional, Bosma, M.J., additional, Bowcock, T.J.V., additional, Breindl, M., additional, Broz, J., additional, Bruzzi, M., additional, Brzozowski, A., additional, Buhmann, P., additional, Buttar, C., additional, Campabadal, F., additional, Candelori, A., additional, Casse, G., additional, Charron, S., additional, Chren, D., additional, Cihangir, S., additional, Cindro, V., additional, Collins, P., additional, Cortina Gil, E., additional, Costinoaia, C.A., additional, Creanza, D., additional, Cristobal, C., additional, Dalla Betta, G.-F., additional, de Boer, W., additional, De Palma, M., additional, Demina, R., additional, Dierlamm, A., additional, Díez, S., additional, Dobos, D., additional, Doherty, F., additional, Dolenc Kittelmann, I., additional, Dolezal, Z., additional, Dolgolenko, A., additional, Dragoi, C., additional, Driewer, A., additional, Dutta, S., additional, Eckstein, D., additional, Eklund, L., additional, Eremin, I., additional, Eremin, V., additional, Erfle, J., additional, Fadeeva, N., additional, Fahrer, M., additional, Fiori, F., additional, Fleta, C., additional, Focardi, E., additional, Forshaw, D., additional, Fretwurst, E., additional, Frey, M., additional, Bates, A.G., additional, Gallrapp, C., additional, Garcia, C., additional, Gaubas, E., additional, Genest, M.-H., additional, Giolo, K., additional, Glaser, M., additional, Goessling, C., additional, Golubev, A., additional, Gorelov, I., additional, Grégoire, G., additional, Gregori, P., additional, Grigoriev, E., additional, Grillo, A.A., additional, Grinstein, S., additional, Groza, A., additional, Guskov, J., additional, Hansen, T.E., additional, Härkönen, J., additional, Hartjes, F.G., additional, Hartmann, F., additional, Hoeferkamp, M., additional, Horisberger, R., additional, Houdayer, A., additional, Hynds, D., additional, Ilyashenko, I., additional, Junkes, A., additional, Kadys, A., additional, Kaminski, P., additional, Karpenko, A., additional, Kaska, K., additional, Kazuchits, N., additional, Kazukauskas, V., additional, Kharchuk, A., additional, Khivrich, V., additional, Kierstead, J., additional, Klanner, R., additional, Klingenberg, R., additional, Kodys, P., additional, Koffeman, E., additional, Köhler, M., additional, Kohout, Z., additional, Korjenevski, S., additional, Korolkov, I., additional, Kozlowski, R., additional, Kozubal, M., additional, Kramberger, G., additional, Kühn, S., additional, Kuleshov, S., additional, Kuznetsov, A., additional, Kwan, S., additional, La Rosa, A., additional, Lacasta, C., additional, Lange, J., additional, Lassila-Perini, K., additional, Lastovetsky, V., additional, Lazanu, I., additional, Lazanu, S., additional, Lebel, C., additional, Lefeuvre, G., additional, Lemaitre, V., additional, Leroy, C., additional, Li, Z., additional, Lindström, G., additional, Litovchenko, A., additional, Litovchenko, P., additional, Lozano, M., additional, Luczynski, Z., additional, Luukka, P., additional, Macchiolo, A., additional, Macraighne, A., additional, Mäenpää, T., additional, Makarenko, L.F., additional, Mandic, I., additional, Maneuski, D., additional, Manna, N., additional, Marco, R., additional, Marti i Garcia, S., additional, Marunko, S., additional, Masek, P., additional, Mathieson, K., additional, Matysek, M., additional, Mekki, J., additional, Messineo, A., additional, Metcalfe, J., additional, Mikestikova, M., additional, Mikuž, M., additional, Militaru, O., additional, Minano, M., additional, Miyamoto, J., additional, Moll, M., additional, Monokhov, E., additional, Mori, R., additional, Moser, H.-G., additional, Muenstermann, D., additional, Munoz Sanchez, F.J., additional, Naletko, A., additional, Nisius, R., additional, OShea, V., additional, Pacifico, N., additional, Pantano, D., additional, Parkes, C., additional, Parzefall, U., additional, Passeri, D., additional, Pawlowski, M., additional, Pellegrini, G., additional, Pernegger, H., additional, Petasecca, M., additional, Piemonte, C., additional, Pignatel, G.U., additional, Pintilie, I., additional, Pintilie, L., additional, Piotrzkowski, K., additional, Placekett, R., additional, Pöhlsen, Th., additional, Polivtsev, L., additional, Popule, J., additional, Pospisil, S., additional, Preiss, J., additional, Radicci, V., additional, Radu, R., additional, Raf, J.M., additional, Rando, R., additional, Richter, R., additional, Roeder, R., additional, Roger, R., additional, Rogozhkin, S., additional, Rohe, T., additional, Ronchin, S., additional, Rott, C., additional, Roy, A., additional, Rummler, A., additional, Ruzin, A., additional, Sadrozinski, H.F.W., additional, Sakalauskas, S., additional, Samadashvili, N., additional, Scaringella, M., additional, Schumm, B., additional, Seidel, S., additional, Seiden, A., additional, Shipsey, I., additional, Sibille, J., additional, Sicho, P., additional, Slavicek, T., additional, Solar, M., additional, Soldevila-Serrano, U., additional, Son, S., additional, Sopko, V., additional, Sopko, B., additional, Spencer, N., additional, Spiegel, L., additional, Srivastava, A., additional, Steinbrueck, G., additional, Stewart, G., additional, Stolze, D., additional, Storasta, J., additional, Surma, B., additional, Svensson, B.G., additional, Tan, P., additional, Tomasek, M., additional, Toms, K., additional, Tsiskaridze, S., additional, Tsvetkov, A., additional, Tuboltsev, Yu., additional, Tuominen, E., additional, Tuovinen, E., additional, Tuuva, T., additional, Tylchin, M., additional, Uebersee, H., additional, Ullán, M., additional, Vaitkus, J.V., additional, van Beuzekom, M., additional, Verbitskaya, E., additional, Vila Alvarez, I., additional, Visser, J., additional, Vossebeld, J., additional, Vrba, V., additional, Walz, M., additional, Weigell, P., additional, Wiik, L., additional, Wilhelm, I., additional, Wunstorf, R., additional, Zaluzhny, A., additional, Zavrtanik, M., additional, Zelazko, J., additional, Zen, M., additional, Zhukov, V., additional, Zontar, D., additional, and Zorzi, N., additional

Published
2011
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47. Technology development of 3D detectors for high-energy physics and imaging

Author

Pellegrini, G., Roy, P., Bates, R., Jones, D., Mathieson, K., Melone, J., O'Shea, V., Smith, K. M., Thayne, I., Thornton, P., Linnros, Jan, Rodden, W., Pellegrini, G., Roy, P., Bates, R., Jones, D., Mathieson, K., Melone, J., O'Shea, V., Smith, K. M., Thayne, I., Thornton, P., Linnros, Jan, and Rodden, W.

Abstract

Various fabrications routes to create '3D' detectors have been investigated and the electrical characteristics of these structures have been compared to simulations. The geometry of the detectors is hexagonal with a central anode surrounded by six cathode contacts. A uniform electric field is obtained with the maximum drift and depletion distance set by electrode spacings rather than detector thickness. This should improve the ability of silicon to operate in the presence of the severe bulk radiation damage expected in high-energy colliders. Moreover, 3D detectors made with other materials (e.g. GaAs, SiC) may be used, for example, in X-ray detection for medical imaging. Holes in the substrate were made either by etching with an inductively coupled plasma machine, by laser drilling or by photochemical etching. A number of different hole diameters and thickness have been investigated. Experimental characteristics have been compared to MEDICI simulations., QC 20100525

Published
2002
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