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Preparing students to become self-regulated learners has become an important goal of primary education. Therefore, it is important to investigate how we can improve self-monitoring and self-regulation accuracy in primary school students. Focusing on mathematics problems, we investigated whether and how (1) high- and low-performing students differed in their monitoring accuracy (i.e., extent to which students’ monitoring judgments match their actual performance) and regulation accuracy (i.e., extent to which students’ regulation judgments regarding the need for further instruction/practice match their actual need), (2) self-scoring improved students’ monitoring and regulation accuracy, (3) high- and low-performing students differed in their monitoring and regulation accuracy after self-scoring, and (4) students’ monitoring and regulation judgments are related. On two days, students of 9 − 10 years old from 34 classes solved multiplication and division problems and made monitoring and regulation judgments after each problem type. Next, they self-scored their answers and again made monitoring and regulation judgments. On the multiplication problems, high-performing students made more accurate monitoring and regulation judgments before and after self-scoring than low-performing students. On the division problems, high-performing students made more accurate monitoring judgments before self-scoring than low-performing students, but after self-scoring this difference was no longer present. Self-scoring improved students’ monitoring and regulation accuracy, except for low- and high-performing students’ regulation accuracy on division problems. Students’ monitoring and regulation judgments were related. Our findings suggest that self-scoring may be a suitable tool to foster primary school students’ monitoring accuracy and that this translates to some extent into more accurate regulation decisions.

Designers in out-of-school spaces often negotiate the meaning of mathematics as part of the design process, determining what to include in classes and exhibits both implicitly and explicitly. This analysis suggests that instead of keeping these conversations behind the scenes, we should foreground them for participants. In doing so, we may actually be helping to expand their sense of what counts as mathematics as they participate in legitimate communal activity. The focal analysis examines the case of one participant in a knitting summer camp as she encounters the mathematics that the facilitator deemed necessary to move the knitting project forward. Together they negotiate whether their work counts as knitting or as mathematics, and what the consequences for that designation are for how they make sense of the activity. I argue that this kind of encounter has the potential to build bridges between everyday and school mathematics and thus to broaden participation.

Problem solving is a measure or knowledge that needs to be mastered in solving problems related to real life. This ability is very important to build new knowledge as well as develop ideas. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to analyze the ability and describe the weaknesses of grade VII students in solving math problems in integer operating materials at SMP Negeri 1 Waingapu. Descriptive research type with qualitative approach. The instruments used were tests, interviews, questionnaires and documentation. The subjects of the study were the wakasek part of the curriculum, mathematics teachers and 7th grade students. The results found that the average math problem solving ability of students based on Polya steps is 59.86 and is in a fairly good category. This is because students do not write down the information encountered, do not analyze the problem first, do not write down the strategies used in solving the problem, lack of basic ability in doing calculations, difficulty in placing the sign of the calculation operation, not used to re-examine the answers that have been done and not used to write conclusions., Kemampuan pemecahan masalah merupakan tolak ukur atau pengetahuan yang perlu dikuasai oleh siswa dalam memecahkan masalah yang berhubungan dengan kehidupan nyata. Kemampuan ini sangat penting untuk membangun pengetahuan baru serta mengembangkan ide-ide yang dimiliki. Oleh sebab itu, tujuan dari penelitian ini yaitu untuk menganalisis kemampuan serta mendeskripsikan kelemahan siswa kelas VII dalam memecahkan masalah matematika pada materi operasi bilangan bulat di SMP Negeri 1 Waingapu. Jenis penelitian deskriptif dengan pendekatan kualitatif. Instrumen yang digunakan yaitu tes, wawancara, angket dan dokumentasi. Subjek penelitian yaitu wakasek bagian kurikulum, guru matematika dan siswa kelas VII. Hasil penelitian ditemukan bahwa rerata kemampuan pemecahan masalah matematika siswa berdasarkan langkah Polya yaitu 59,86 dan berada pada kategori cukup baik. Hal ini disebabkan siswa tidak menuliskan informasi yang ditemui, tidak menganalisis soal terlebih dahulu, tidak menuliskan strategi yang digunakan dalam menyelesaikan soal, kurangnya kemampuan dasar dalam melakukan perhitungan, kesulitan dalam menempatkan tanda operasi hitung, tidak terbiasa memeriksa kembali jawaban yang telah dikerjakan dan tidak terbiasa menuliskan kesimpulan.

This study aims to describe mathematical problem-solving ability based on the level of self-confidence. This type of research is a qualitative descriptive study with a quantitative approach. The data collection technique in this research is to provide test (10 multiple choice questions and 2 description questions), questionnaires, and interviews. The results showed that students with high level of self-confidence with high mathematical problem-solving abilities were able to achieve 3 out of 4 indicators of assessing problem solving abilities well, namely indicators of understanding problems, devising a plan, and carrying out the plans. Students with high level of self-confidence with moderate math problem solving abilities are able to achieve 1 of 4 indicators well, namely carrying out the plans, achieve 2 of the 4 indicators quite well, namely indicators of understanding problems and devising a plan, and less able to achieve 1 of 4 indicators namely looking back indicators. Students with high level of self-confidence with low math problem solving abilities are able to achieve 1 of 4 indicators well, namely indicators of understanding the problem. However, it does not reach 3 indicators, namely devising plans, is carrying out the plan and looking back.

The standard of critical thinking in this study, namely: first, interpretation is on a problem can showing / writing what they know and what is asked about the problem correctly; second, analysis is the activity of identifying the relationship between statements, questions and concepts in a problem through making mathematical models and accompanied by the right reasons; third, evaluation is the right strategy in solving problems and fourth, conclusion is accuracy in drawing conclusions from what is asked. While the type of research used is descriptive qualitative type. The instruments used were interview guidelines and test questions. The interview used is a structured interview and the test used in the form of a math problem test with derived application material consisting of 3 problem descriptions with material that has been received by students. Student performance levels in this study are at the Apprentice level and the Novice level. The acquisition of data at the Apprentice level the average value is different, this is because the acquisition of data on each indicator is different overall. This is because the subject is not accustomed to or accustomed to working on open questions or also problem stories / problems. Student performance levels in this study are at the Apprentice level and the Novice level. The acquisition of data at the Apprentice level the average value is different, this is because the acquisition of data on each indicator is different overall. This is because the subject is not accustomed to or accustomed to working on open questions or also problem stories/problems.

Focusing on students with mild disabilities, this study aimed to examine the effect of STAR problem solving strategy on their a) solving change problems involving one-step addition and subtraction, b) maintaining their acquisition of solving change problems involving one-step addition and subtraction after 1, 3, and 5 weeks, c) generalizing their performance in solving problems to the classroom environment. Three students with mild mental disabilities participated in the study. A multiple probe across participants design was used in the study. The number of problems that students solved correctly was determined by scoring the data. The data are shown graphically and analysed visually. Findings emphasized the effectiveness of STAR strategy for students with mild mental disabilities when solving change problems that involve a one-step addition and subtraction, indicating that those who acquired this strategy could demonstrate the same problem solving performance 1, 3, and 5 weeks after the intervention. Also, students were observed to generalize their strategy performance to the classroom environment. The findings of the research were discussed within the framework of the relevant literature and theoretical views, and suggestions were made for teachers in terms of interventions and for researchers considering further studies.

This study aims to analyze and determine: (1) the level of mathematical problem solving ability in terms of learning styles after implementing problem-based learning; (2) errors and difficultiesexperienced by students in solving math problem solving abilities in terms of learning styles after implementing problem-based learning. This research is a descriptive qualitative research. The subjects of this study were 32 students of SMA Negeri 1 Rantau Selatan class X MIPA 1, who were then appointed to interview subjects based on the Kolb & Kolb learning style, namely accommodation, divergent, assimilation, and convergent based on the level obtained based on indicators and aspects of difficulty. The research results are as follows: (1) there are 8 students (25%) has a learning style accommodation with the level of mathematical problem solving ability medium category amounted to 3 students, and low category amounted to 5 students; there are 11 students(34.37%) have a divergent learning style with a level of mathematical problem solving ability 1 student in high category, 4 students in medium category, 6 students in low category; exist 9 students (28.13%) have an assimilating learning style with a level of mathematical problem solving ability medium category amounted to 2 students, and low category amounted to 7 people; exist4 students (12.5%) have a convergent learning style with a level of mathematical problem solving ability medium category amounted to 3 students, with the low category amounted to 1 student;(2) for students' difficulties with accommodation learning styles, students have difficulty on principle indicators; for the difficulties of students with divergent learning styles, students have difficulty on indicators of concepts and principles; for the difficulties of students with assimilation learning styles, students have difficulty in the concept indicators and indicators of verbal problems; for the difficulty of students with convergent learning styles, students have difficulty on principle indicators.

This study aims to describe the implementation of concept attainment model in developing math problem solving skills of 5th grade elementary school students. This study used a qualitative approach with a phenomological research design. The subjects in this study were 2 students and 1 teacher of 5th grade of SD Negeri Newung 2 Elementary School (SDN Newung 2), Sukodono, Indonesia. The data technique used tests and interviews with students and teachers. The data validity used source and method triangulation. Data analysis used three stages, namely (1) data reduction, (2) data presentation, (3) data conclusions. The results of this study, (1) the students' mathematical solving ability is good, because students have mastered the indicators of mathematical problem solving abilities, (2) Implementation of the concept attainment model in Mathematics learning is correct, because students are enthusiastic about learning, the steps used are appropriate, namely the stage of analyzing thinking strategies, presenting data, and testing concept achievement.

The pandemic era changes all components of life, including the teaching and learning process as well. Changes from conventional learning to distance learning. Writing this article aims to determine the increasing student activeness in mathematics Long Distance Learning Process that is being carried out during this Covid pandemic. This research method is descriptive and observational in classroom action research. The sample was students of SMK Negeri 1 Jetis Mojokerto with 32 students. The data were collected by giving the task of submitting problems assisted by Edmodo. Data analysis was carried out in 2 stages. The first is done by looking at the number of student answers uploaded in Edmodo. The second analysis was carried out by looking at the questions made and the resulting answers. The results of the resulting data analysis showed that as many as 22 students uploaded their math problem submission assignments, meaning that the students were active in PJJ. Students can make the second analysis of 48 questions, and the solution can also be determined properly. The results showed that by using the task of posing problems, students could be more active in the distance learning carried out.

Successful problem solving begins with constructing mental problem representations and the identification of problem characteristics to clarify the solution. The purpose of the current study is to ...

Metacognitive blindness is usually synonymous with low math ability. However, this study reveals the opposite. Metacognitive blindness can also be experienced by students with good learning achievement. This research was conducted on students majoring in Mathematics Education who have the best academic achievement in their class. The data collected is in the form of words obtained through interviews after solving math problems. The results of the qualitative analysis show that subjects who are students with good academic performance can experience anomalous results during the problem-solving process, which is a condition in which the subject feels that the math problem at hand contains errors. The error in question is, the subject stutters the squares on the chessboard that are not the same size, but in reality they are not.

This autoethnography explores a fictional character known as “Sarah” who represents the Black woman’s leadership experience in the U.S. federal government. Sarah is professional, loyal, and passionate in her pursuit of authentic leadership. Yet, she continues to struggle to find acceptance in her authentic identity and leadership style amongst her peers. Sarah has learned to create a balance of personal harmony and professional success and seeks to pass this wisdom on to the next generation. This paper contributes to the field of qualitative inquiry by providing poetic musings and insight into the work culture, race, and gender barriers that often impact Black women. Black women’s voices were silenced during slavery, and they continue to seek a platform from which they can speak, be heard, and be equally included in modern conversations. Sarah’s story seeks to provide voice, wisdom, and a unique forum to share four women’s leadership journeys, in a palatable manner, to all audiences.

Na forma de uma reflexão filosófica, nosso objetivo, neste artigo, é fazer um comparativo entre duas situações hipotéticas de uma aula de matemática, diante de um suposto problema de matemática proposto aos alunos. A primeira situação hipotética é a mais corriqueira e muito difundida entre nós; ela apresenta traços de uma aula tradicional, em que as soluções são dadas, predominantemente, pelo professor, o qual talvez desconsidere o trabalho matemático da maioria dos alunos. Uma herança de um modelo pedagógico que predominou no ensino da matemática durante muito tempo e que ainda assim apresenta alguns de seus traços. A segunda situação hipotética representa uma outra possibilidade, uma aula centrada no agir comunicativo onde os alunos interagem uns com os outros e, cooperativamente, buscam uma solução para um problema; situação oposta à primeira, em que os atos de fala não são mais predominantemente os do professor, passando a serem considerados todos os atores no entorno da comunicação; Portanto, um encontro distinto do tradicional em que os alunos adquirem a possibilidade de se constituírem em um ser matemático, uns para os outros, alunos para outros alunos, alunos para o seu professor. As duas situações comparadas neste texto, embora de maneira hipotética, idealizada, exemplificativa, refletem distintas representações de nosso fazer pedagógico e permitem uma reflexão sobre nossas relações interpessoais estabelecidas. Estamos de acordo com a segunda situação, pois entendemos que a constituição do ser matemático adquire grande possibilidade se aproximada do agir comunicativo.

This study aims to determine the effect of the Problem Based Learning (PBL) learning model on the mathematics problem solving ability of students in 4th grade primary school Pasi Pinang. This research uses a quantitative approach, with the type of research is quasi experimental. The population in this study were all fourth grade students of primary school Pasi Pinang and the sampling technique in this study was selected by total sampling of two classes. The experimental class was treated with the Problem Based Learning (PBL) learning model and the control class was treated with the expository learning model. The instruments used consisted of a learning motivation questionnaire and a math problem solving ability test. Data analysis was carried out using two-way ANOVA. From the results of this study, it was obtained that the average result of the mathematics problem solving ability taught by the Problem Based Learning (PBL) learning model was 82.16 while the average result of the mathematics problem solving ability taught by the expository learning model was 71. , 36. So it can be concluded that the results of the mathematics problem solving ability of students who are taught with the Problem Based Learning (PBL) learning model are higher than students who are taught with the Expository learning model.

The purpose of this research study was to examine the effectiveness of culturally appropriate problem-solving instruction (CAPSI) incorporating elements from schema instruction, video modeling, and...

The purpose of this study is to describe the process and results of the development of a grade VII math problem package using the quiz faber of lines and angles material. This type of research is a research development with qualitative and quantitative approach. The data collecting methods that used in the form of test, observation, interviews and documentation. The research results are the level of validity based on the evaluation of the validator showed a very good category, with details of learning mathematics experts at 0.96 and display experts at 0.95. The level of practicality based on the user response questionnaire shows a very practical category with an average value of 86%. Thus it can be concluded that successfully developed a package of questions using a great quiz of lines and angles in seventh grade students. Keywords: problem pakage, quiz faber, lines nd angles

Aim of this research to describe: 1) There are difference between math learning stake and ability solution to math problem which taught by Course Review Horay method Adobe Flashes aided, 2) Math learning stake and ability solution to math problem which taught by Course Review Horay method Adobe Flashes aided better than only Course Review Horay method. Data analysis technique that used are Right Side Proportion Test, T-tes One Right Side, Manova Test, and τ^2- Hotelling. Result of this research are: 1) There are difference between math learning stake and ability solution to math problem which taught by Course Review Horay method Adobe Flashes aided with only Course Review Horay method, 2) Math learning stake and ability solution to math problem which taught by Course Review Horay method Adobe Flashes aided better than only Course Review Horay method.

Efforts to increase moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) in school-age children are associated with improved health, cognitive, and academic outcomes. However, questions remain about whether similar benefits are observed in early childhood. We hypothesized that motor competence, not MVPA, would be related to improved cognitive and academic skill development in early childhood. For this study, 283 children were recruited from 13 community-based preschools (55% female; M = 4.2 years old, SD = .6; 41% non-Hispanic White, 37% non-Hispanic Black; 10% Hispanic, 10% mixed race, 2% Asian, 1% American Indian). Children's physical activity, motor competence, executive function (EF), and math problem-solving skills were measured using the same protocol in three assessments in a single academic year (i.e., fall, winter, spring). Although motor competence was strongly correlated with contemporaneous measures of EF and math problem-solving skills (rs = .51-.63), MVPA was weakly correlated with EF and math problem-solving skills (rs = .03-.18). Mixed linear models demonstrated that improvements in children's motor competence were related to improvements in their EF and math problem-solving skills (ps.001), their improvements in MVPA were not statistically significant related to any of the outcomes. These within-child associations provide a stronger basis of inference by controlling for all time-invariant confounders. The results of this study suggest that efforts to improve motor competence skills in young children may improve EF and math problem-solving skills, though experimental studies are required to rigorously test this idea. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2021 APA, all rights reserved).

Metacognition theory has been interested in research since the 70s of the twentieth century in the world. It can be seen that the thinking process, perception and metacognition of students and mathematical competence is one of the focus of research on mathematics education. However, the problem that is always interested by researchers in mathematics education is how to develop mathematical competence? What factors influence this capacity development process? How to support students to become better math problem solvers, especially in math? To find solutions to the problems posed above, a number of studies in the world and in Vietnam have focused on the relationship between metacognition and problem solving; At the same time, find ways to apply metacognition in the process of teaching mathematics. This study focuses on the goal of developing learners' competencies; Especially for the goal of developing mathematical competence for high school students through Mathematics, there is a need to research and exploit the thinking and cognitive factors in learning Mathematics to find solutions to overcome these problems.

Math anxiety is a common correlate of math performance for adults. Research on young children’s emotional reactions to math is limited, but critical for determining how math anxiety develops. Students (N = 244) completed math measures (i.e., number comparison, arithmetic fluency, and math problem solving) and math anxiety assessments twice, in grade 2 (Mage = 7.10) and a year later in grade 3. Math anxiety was significantly related to arithmetic fluency, but not to others. Longitudinally, arithmetic fluency in grade 2 predicted the change in math anxiety from grades 2 to 3, but not vice versa. The growth in math anxiety was related to arithmetic fluency for students with higher working memory scores, but this moderation effect of working memory was not significant after a multiple-comparisons correction. In sum, these findings are consistent with the view that math anxiety develops in some children in response to their experiences with mathematics.

Cognitive processes that underlie individual differences in mathematical problem-solution accuracy in elementary emerging bilingual children (English Learners) at risk and not at risk for math problem-solving difficulties (MD) were examined. A battery of tests was administered in both English and Spanish that assessed problem-solving, achievement, and cognitive processing in children in first (

The current study examined the role of implicitly measured associations (henceforth referred to as associations) between math and anxiety in adolescents’ math anxiety. Previous research has shown that associations predicted behavior independent of explicit measures. In this study, it was investigated whether math–anxiety associations would be related to math anxiety and whether they predicted math behavior as well as state math anxiety independent of explicitly measured math anxiety. In addition, the domain specificity of math–anxiety associations for predicting math behavior was investigated. Adolescents’ anxiety associations and self-reported anxiety were assessed for three domains: math anxiety, foreign language (English) anxiety, and trait anxiety. A sample of 189 secondary school students performed three single-target implicit association tests, performed a math problem solving task, and filled out questionnaires. Overall, adolescents showed stronger math–anxiety associations in comparison with math–calmness associations. In contrast to our hypotheses, math–anxiety associations were not related and did not uniquely or specifically predict math behavior and state math anxiety. Explicit anxiety measures demonstrated specificity in predicting math and English grades as well as state math anxiety. The innovative aspects of this study are the investigation of implicitly measured math–anxiety associations and the relation to math anxiety and math behavior. Further research is needed to develop tasks that are better able to capture the most relevant math–threat associations and to investigate which math behavior might be most strongly influenced by these associations.

According to the United Nations (UN), nearly 1 billion of the 8 billion people in the world live in slums (1). These dense and disordered communities form in urban areas without a formal plan; their residents frequently lack addresses. Often they don’t have immediate access to water, power, or emergency services. Researchers hope applying the principles of topology to the layout of slums similar to this one in Cape Town will improve the lives of residents. Image credit: Shutterstock/Moobatto. Slums stem from all sorts of complex social and economic ills that don’t have easy solutions. But these chaotic communities share a common trait: a lack of connectivity. “Many parcels aren’t connected to a broader urban infrastructure—roads, power, telecommunications, sewer lines,” explains Christa Brelsford, a fellow at the Oak Ridge National Laboratory in Oak Ridge, TN. Brelsford’s research examines ways that people interact with urban environments. That lack of connectivity, she says, is essentially a math problem. For the last 5 years, she has been working with interdisciplinary researchers to analyze data, collected firsthand by residents, to define mathematical ways in which slums differ from more functional neighborhoods. The researchers are seeking efficient and nondisruptive ways to improve lives. But scholars who’ve studied slums and their multifaceted origins are skeptical that applying such mathematical approaches will help. Some fear they could even make the problem worse. Topologists study surfaces and spaces; they want to know what properties remain after transformations such as stretching, squashing, or twisting. If two surfaces can be deformed into one another without tearing, ripping, or stitching, then they’re topologically equivalent. Topologists, according to an old math joke, don’t know the difference between a coffee cup and a donut. But the field’s roots can be traced back to geography. “There’s a long history of using mathematics to describe …

In this article, we study the problem of parsing a math problem into logical forms. It is an essential pre-processing step for automatically solving math problems. Most of the existing studies about semantic parsing mainly focused on the single-sentence level. However, for parsing math problems, we need to take the information of multiple sentences into consideration. To achieve the task, we formulate the task as a machine translation problem and extend the sequence-to-sequence model with a novel two-encoder architecture and a word-level selective mechanism. For training and evaluating the proposed method, we construct a large-scale dataset. Experimental results show that the proposed two-encoder architecture and word-level selective mechanism could bring significant improvement. The proposed method can achieve better performance than the state-of-the-art methods.

As students create and analyze mathematical knots, they develop their ability to reason spatially and engage in concepts not typically part of a geometry curriculum. Originally published in the May 2018 issue of TCM, this problem allows students to expand their understanding of mathematics by exploring knot theory.

To improve the logical thinking ability of Papuan students, this research was conducted. The material subject of this research is how to solve the wide of the area under the normal curve . The subject of the research is Papuan students in Class of Statistika Dasar in Mathematics Education major in STKIP Surya Tangerang 2016/2017 academic year. The methods of this research are Qualitative . Data had collected with Test and interview and to data analysis was using Descriptive Qualitative. The design of this research used Action Research. The result showed that 1) Students with the high math problem-solving skill the area under the normal curve have been able to think coherently, as well as could completion of the work in consecutively and correctly. 2) Students with the math problem-solving ability, have been able to think coherently already did the problem in order, but still make errors in final calculation, because careless. 3) Students with low ability in math problem solving, have been able to think coherently already do the problem in order, but there was still a lot of mistake calculations in basic calculations like a division of integer, and as well as the final calculations . Kata Kunci: action, logical, thinking, curve, normal

The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of cognitive strategies and metacognitive functions of students with learning disabilities (LD), students with low-achieving (LA), and students with average-achieving (AA) over their math problem-solving performance. The study sample consisted of 150 students with 50 students from each group. Study data were collected through Think-Aloud Protocols, Metacognitive Experiences Questionnaire, Math Problem Solving Assessment-Short Form, and 10 math problems. Study findings revealed that the significant predictors of math problem-solving performance were metacognitive strategies and experiences regarding students with LD, metacognitive strategies and knowledge considering students with LA, and metacognitive strategies in students with AA. A statistically significant relationship was found between problem-solving performance of students with LD and their metacognitive strategies and metacognitive experiences. Problem-solving performance and metacognitive strategies of students with LA were found to be close to a high level, and their metacognitive knowledge had a moderate relationship. It was also observed to be moderately related to problem-solving performance and metacognitive strategies in students with AA. The findings were discussed within the relevant literature scope, and suggestions were made for teachers in terms of implementation and researchers for further studies.