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La crise climatique et environnementale n’est plus à notre porte. Elle est bien présente : rapports, études, mouvements citoyens ne cessent de la constater. Depuis le premier rapport du GIEC publié en 1990, le réchauffement planétaire n’a pas diminué, et, en 2023, l’optimisme climatique n’est pas à l’ordre du jour. Les États, les gouvernements, les institutions diverses et variées et les populations doivent impérativement en prendre conscience parce que, comme le soulignent les Nations Unies : « Les changements climatiques sont la question déterminante de notre époque et nous sommes à un moment décisif. De l’évolution des conditions météorologiques, qui ont des effets sur la production agricole et alimentaire, à l’élévation du niveau des mers, qui augmente les risques d’inondations, les conséquences des changements climatiques sont mondiales en termes d’effets et d’échelle. Sans action immédiate, il sera beaucoup plus difficile et coûteux de s’adapter aux conséquences futures de ces changements ».Face à cette urgence, quel rôle peuvent jouer les Sciences humaines ? En quoi peuvent-elles aider à repenser la relation que nous entretenons individuellement et collectivement avec l’environnement ? Comment peuvent-elles travailler à modifier les représentations et les comportements ? Sur le front de la prise de conscience, aux côtés de l’histoire, de la géographie, de la linguistique et des écritures de création, la littérature sous toutes ses formes et tous ses genres, en explorant les savoirs scientifiques sur le terrain des imaginaires, monte, de toute évidence, en première ligne.

The terrorist attacks on European cities in recent years have reconfigured significantly ordinary urban life. They concern the production of urban space, which increasingly integrates the material and symbolic constraints of the counter-terrorism, and situated ordinary practices that experience increased logics of control, and whose regimes of use of space are potentially transformed in relation to the search for a greater feeling of security. From this, we propose that the atmosphere of European cities has changed.We have built a survey to assess these questions. Conducted in early 2022 on a representative sample of 15,000 people from UK, Germany and France, it focuses on ordinary practices and perceptions of urban space and the feeling of security and their relationship to past terrorist attacks, as well as the relationship to the fight against terrorism.This paper will address first the elaboration of the survey, the management of the ethical issues, and the contributions of critical research to such methodologies for the investigation of emotions and experiences of violence and fear. Secondly, the comparative results of this international survey will be presented. They show that the relationship to security issues, as well as the evolution of practices, differs from one country to another, and according to social, territorial profiles. Finally, this paper will question the capacity of such a method to address this theme, as most of atmospheric research is carried out using situated qualitative methodologies.

International audience; The functioning of the heart muscle is particularly sensitive to iron deficiency, the easily curable comorbidity most frequently associated with heart failure. Iron-deficient heart failure patients are more often rehospitalized and have reduced survival. Heart muscle function is particularly susceptible to martial deficiency. Recent randomized studies have shown that exogenous iron intake is accompanied by improved functional capacity (walking test), quality of life, and re-hospitalization rate in these patients. The symptoms of iron deficiency are not very specific and often confused with those of heart failure or other comorbidities, which explains why management is often too late. Anemia is only a late consequence of this iron deficiency. Due to the inflammatory state associated with chronic heart failure, only the parenteral route can bypass the macrophage tissue sequestration of iron and inhibit its intestinal absorption. Recent European guidelines recommend screening for iron deficiency (serum ferritin and transferrin saturation coefficient) in all patients with suspected heart failure, routine iron parameters assessment in all patients with heart failure, and intravenous iron supplementation in case of deficiency in symptomatic patients. Given the pejorative nature of iron deficiency on disease progression, the frequency and financial impact of hospitalizations linked to episodes of decompensation, as well as the effectiveness of simple supplementation, screening for this comorbidity, screening for this frequent comorbidity should now be part of routine testing in all heart failure patients.

Ce billet s’inscrit dans la table-ronde « Ambiance – Milieu – Paysage » qui s’est tenue lors de la seconde Rencontre AAU : Situer les approches en termes d’ambiance. Faisant suite aux interventions de Pascal Amphoux, Théa Manola, Yann Nussaume et Frédéric Pousin. On y synthétise un ensemble de réactions faites « à chaud » relatives à celles-ci et propose quelques pistes d’ouverture des réflexions.

International audience; Iron deficiency is a significant comorbidity of heart failure (HF), defined as the inability of the myocardium to provide sufficient blood flow. However, iron deficiency remains insufficiently detected. Iron-deficiency anemia, defined as a decrease in hemoglobin caused by iron deficiency, is a late consequence of iron deficiency, and the symptoms of iron deficiency, which are not specific, are often confused with those of HF or comorbidities. HF patients with iron deficiency are often rehospitalized and present reduced survival. The correction of iron deficiency in HF patients is associated with improved functional capacity, quality of life, and rehospitalization rates. Because of the inflammation associated with chronic HF, which complicates the picture of nutritional deficiency, only the parenteral route can bypass the tissue sequestration of iron and the inhibition of intestinal iron absorption. Given the negative impact of iron deficiency on HF progression, the frequency and financial implications of rehospitalizations due to decompensation episodes, and the efficacy of this supplementation, screening for this frequent comorbidity should be part of routine testing in all HF patients. Indeed, recent European guidelines recommend screening for iron deficiency (serum ferritin and transferrin saturation coefficient) in all patients with suspected HF, regular iron parameters assessment in all patients with HF, and intravenous iron supplementation in symptomatic patients with proven deficiency. We thus aim to summarize all currently available data regarding this common and easily improvable comorbidity.

International audience; Quelles sont les conséquences des mesures antiterroristes dans la façon de sentir la ville, d’y agir et de s’y sentir ? Plus précisément, comment les actions et dispositifs sécuritaires influencent les ambiances urbaines ordinaires. Cette communication expose des réflexions théoriques et épistémologiques issues d’une démarche mobilisant des approches géographiques, sociologiques et urbanistiques. La problématique articule la notion d’ambiance pour saisir l’expérience subjective du sensible (Kazig, Masson 2017) dans l’espace urbain, à la sociologie des émotions collectives (Bernard, 2013 ; 2017) pour interroger les effets du terrorisme et de sa prévention sur les affects et émotions quotidiennes. La méthodologie accorde une place importante aux approches qualitatives situées : ethnographies sensibles (Pink, 2009) combinant la méthode des itinéraires (Petiteau 2001) et des parcours commentés (Thibaud, 2001) ; entretiens semi-directifs avec des habitant.e.s d’Île de France, des aménageurs, des acteurs de politiques publiques et de sécurité ; et des observations non participantes des espaces publics fortement sécurisés.Cette approche assemblant ambiances et émotions permet d’aller au-delà de la terreur comme catégorie affective d’emblée associée aux actes terroristes et à la sécurisation de l’espace public (Adey et al. 2013) et d’accéder à la saisie du sens affectif (Anderson, 2009) des « panoramas émotionnels » (Drongiti, 2019) liés à ces phénomènes.

Several RF Superconductive LINAC projects are underway in different laboratories around the world, with various objectives such as research in physics, irradiation tests, production of radioisotopes for medical purposes. Superconducting operation of the accelerating cavities requires them to be maintained at cryogenic temperatures (2K - 4K) by the use of cryogenic fluids. This requires a complete cryogenic control system, including sensors, actuators, local controllers and PLCs. We describe the process by which the preliminary design of the cryogenic control system for the accelerator’s cryomodules and valve boxes may be built. It starts with the functional and performance requirements of the system, followed by the definition of use cases and the study of the necessary cryogenic instrumentation. This leads to a preliminary design of the architecture of the cryogenic control system using Siemens hardware, as well as cryogenic sequences describing standard phases of operation of the LINAC. We also discuss how to take advantage of the modularity of cryomodules for control system implementation and some recent developments in PLC simulation., Proceedings of the 31st International Linear Accelerator Conference, LINAC2022, Liverpool, UK