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1. Consistency, completeness and external validity of ethnicity recording in NHS primary care records: a cohort study in 25 million patients’ records at source using OpenSAFELY

Author

Andrews, Colm D., Mathur, Rohini, Massey, Jon, Park, Robin, Curtis, Helen J., Hopcroft, Lisa, Mehrkar, Amir, Bacon, Seb, Hickman, George, Smith, Rebecca, Evans, David, Ward, Tom, Davy, Simon, Inglesby, Peter, Dillingham, Iain, Maude, Steven, O’Dwyer, Thomas, Butler-Cole, Ben F. C., Bridges, Lucy, Bates, Chris, Parry, John, Hester, Frank, Harper, Sam, Cockburn, Jonathan, Goldacre, Ben, MacKenna, Brian, Tomlinson, Laurie A., Walker, Alex J., and Hulme, William J.

Published
2024
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3. Impact of vaccination on the association of COVID-19 with cardiovascular diseases: An OpenSAFELY cohort study

Author

Cezard, Genevieve I., Denholm, Rachel E., Knight, Rochelle, Wei, Yinghui, Teece, Lucy, Toms, Renin, Forbes, Harriet J., Walker, Alex J., Fisher, Louis, Massey, Jon, Hopcroft, Lisa E. M., Horne, Elsie M. F., Taylor, Kurt, Palmer, Tom, Arab, Marwa Al, Cuitun Coronado, Jose Ignacio, Ip, Samantha H. Y., Davy, Simon, Dillingham, Iain, Bacon, Sebastian, Mehrkar, Amir, Morton, Caroline E., Greaves, Felix, Hyams, Catherine, Davey Smith, George, Macleod, John, Chaturvedi, Nishi, Goldacre, Ben, Whiteley, William N., Wood, Angela M., Sterne, Jonathan A. C., and Walker, Venexia

Published
2024
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4. Incidence of diabetes after SARS-CoV-2 infection in England and the implications of COVID-19 vaccination: a retrospective cohort study of 16 million people

Author

Al Arab, Marwa, Almaghrabi, Fatima, Andrews, Colm, Badrick, Ellena, Baz, Sarah, Beckford, Chelsea, Berman, Samantha, Bolton, Tom, Booth, Charlotte, Bowyer, Ruth, Boyd, Andy, Bridger-Staatz, Charis, Brophy, Sinead, Campbell, Archie, Campbell, Kirsteen C, Carnemolla, Alisia, Carpentieri, Jd, Cezard, Genevieve, Chaturvedi, Nishi, Cheetham, Nathan, Costello, Ruth, Cowling, Thomas, Crane, Matthew, Cuitun Coronado, Jose Ignacio, Curtis, Helen, Denaxas, Spiros, Denholm, Rachel, Di Gessa, Giorgio, Dobson, Richard, Douglas, Ian, Evans, Katharine M, Fang, Chao, Ferreira, Vanessa, Finnigan, Lucy, Fisher, Louis, Flaig, Robin, Folarin, Amos, Forbes, Harriet, Foster, Diane, Fox, Laura, Freydin, Maxim, Garcia, Paz, Gibson, Andy, Glen, Fiona, Goldacre, Ben, Goncalves Soares, Ana, Greaves, Felix, Green, Amelia, Green, Mark, Green, Michael, Griffith, Gareth, Hamill Howes, Lee, Hamilton, Olivia, Herbet, Annie, Herrett, Emily, Hopcroft, Lisa, Horne, Elsie, Hou, Bo, Hughes, Alun, Hulme, William, Huntley, Lizzie, Ip, Samantha, Jacques, Wels, Jezzard, Peter, Jones, Louise, Kanagaratnam, Arun, Karthikeyan Suseeladevi, Arun, Katikireddi, Vittal, Kellas, John, Kennedy, Jonathan I, Kibble, Milla, Knight, Rochelle, Knueppel, Anika, Kopasker, Daniel, Kromydas, Theocharis, Kwong, Alex, Langan, Sinead, Lemanska, Agnieszka, Lukaschuk, Elena, Mackenna, Brain, Macleod, John, Maddock, Jane, Mahalingasivam, Viyaasan, Mansfield, Kathryn, McArdle, Fintan, McCartney, Daniel, McEachan, Rosie, McElroy, Eoin, McLachlan, Stela, Mitchell, Ruth, Moltrecht, Bettina, Morley, Jess, Nab, Linda, Neubauer, Stefan, Nigrelli, Lidia, North, Teri, Northstone, Kate, Oakley, Jacqui, Palmer, Tom, Park, Chloe, Parker, Michael, Parsons, Sam, Patalay, Praveetha, Patel, Kishan, Perez-Reche, Francisco, Piechnik, Stefan, Piehlmaier, Dominik, Ploubidis, George, Rafeti, Elena, Raman, Betty, Ranjan, Yatharth, Rapala, Alicja, Rhead, Rebecca, Roberts, Amy, Sampri, Alexia, Sanders, Zeena-Britt, Santorelli, Gillian, Saunders, Laura C, Shah, Anoop, Shah, Syed Ahmar, Sharp, Steve, Shaw, Richard, Sheard, Laura, Sheikh, Aziz, Silverwood, Richard, Smeeth, Liam, Smith, Stephen, Stafford, Jean, Steptoe, Andrew, Sterne, Jonathan, Steves, Claire, Stewart, Callum, Taylor, Kurt, Tazare, John, Teece, Lucy, Thomas, Richard, Thompson, Ellen, Tilling, Kate, Timpson, Nicholas, Tomlinson, Laurie, Toms, Renin, Tunnicliffe, Elizabeth, Turner, Emma L, Walker, Alex, Walker, Venexia, Walter, Scott, Wang, Kevin, Wei, Yinghui, Whitehorn, Rebecca, Wielgoszewska, Bozena, Wild, James M, Willan, Kathryn, Willans, Robert, Williams, Dylan, Wong, Andrew, Wood, Angela, Woodward, Hannah, Wright, John, Yang, Tiffany, Zaninotto, Paola, Zheng, Bang, Zhu, Jingmin, Eastwood, Sophie, Horne, Elsie M F, Massey, Jon, Hopcroft, Lisa E M, Cuitun Coronado, Jose, Davy, Simon, Dillingham, Iain, Morton, Caroline, and Sterne, Jonathan A C

Published
2024
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5. Changes in opioid prescribing during the COVID-19 pandemic in England: an interrupted time-series analysis in the OpenSAFELY-TPP cohort

Author

Bridges, Lucy, Butler-Cole, Benjamin FC, Davy, Simon, Dillingham, Iain, Evans, David, Fisher, Louis, Green, Amelia, Hart, Liam, Hickman, George, Maude, Steven, O'Dwyer, Thomas, Smith, Rebecca M, Stokes, Pete, Ward, Tom, Cockburn, Johnathan, Harper, Sam, Hester, Frank, Parry, John, Schaffer, Andrea L, Andrews, Colm D, Brown, Andrew D, Croker, Richard, Hulme, William J, Nab, Linda, Quinlan, Jane, Speed, Victoria, Wood, Christopher, Wiedemann, Milan, Massey, Jon, Inglesby, Peter, Bacon, Seb C J, Mehrkar, Amir, Bates, Chris, Goldacre, Ben, Walker, Alex J, and MacKenna, Brian

Published
2024
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6. Clinical coding of long COVID in primary care 2020–2023 in a cohort of 19 million adults: an OpenSAFELY analysis

Author

Walker, Alex, Green, Amelia, Mehrkar, Amir, Schaffer, Andrea, Brown, Andrew, Goldacre, Ben, Butler-Cole, Ben, MacKenna, Brian, Morton, Caroline, Walters, Caroline, Stables, Catherine, Cunningham, Christine, Wood, Christopher, Andrews, Colm, Evans, David, Hickman, George, Curtis, Helen, Drysdale, Henry, Dillingham, Iain, Morley, Jessica, Massey, Jon, Nab, Linda, Hopcroft, Lisa, Fisher, Louis, Bridges, Lucy, Wiedemann, Milan, DeVito, Nicholas, Macdonald, Orla, Inglesby, Peter, Smith, Rebecca, Croker, Richard, Park, Robin, Higgins, Rose, Bacon, Sebastian, Davy, Simon, Maude, Steven, O'Dwyer, Thomas, Ward, Tom, Speed, Victoria, Hulme, William, Hart, Liam, Stokes, Pete, Bhaskaran, Krishnan, Costello, Ruth, Cowling, Thomas, Douglas, Ian, Eggo, Rosalind, Evans, Stephen, Forbes, Harriet, Grieve, Richard, Grint, Daniel, Herrett, Emily, Langan, Sinead, Mahalingasivam, Viyaasan, Mansfield, Kathryn, Mathur, Rohini, McDonald, Helen, Parker, Edward, Rentsch, Christopher, Schultze, Anna, Smeeth, Liam, Tazare, John, Tomlinson, Laurie, Walker, Jemma, Williamson, Elizabeth, Wing, Kevin, Wong, Angel, Zheng, Bang, Bates, Christopher, Cockburn, Jonathan, Parry, John, Hester, Frank, Harper, Sam, O'Hanlon, Shaun, Eavis, Alex, Jarvis, Richard, Avramov, Dima, Griffiths, Paul, Fowles, Aaron, Parkes, Nasreen, Perera, Rafael, Harrison, David, Khunti, Kamlesh, Sterne, Jonathan, Quint, Jennifer, Henderson, Alasdair D., Butler-Cole, Ben FC., Tomlinson, Laurie A., Marks, Michael, Jit, Mark, Briggs, Andrew, Lin, Liang-Yu, Carlile, Oliver, Bates, Chris, Bacon, Sebastian CJ., Dennison, William A., Costello, Ruth E., Wei, Yinghui, Walker, Alex J., and Eggo, Rosalind M.

Published
2024
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8. Impact of long COVID on health-related quality-of-life: an OpenSAFELY population cohort study using patient-reported outcome measures (OpenPROMPT)

Author

Walker, Alex, Green, Amelia, Mehrkar, Amir, Schaffer, Andrea, Brown, Andrew, Goldacre, Ben, Butler-Cole, Ben, MacKenna, Brian, Morton, Caroline, Walters, Caroline, Stables, Catherine, Cunningham, Christine, Wood, Christopher, Andrews, Colm, Evans, David, Hickman, George, Curtis, Helen, Drysdale, Henry, Dillingham, Iain, Morley, Jessica, Massey, Jon, Nab, Linda, Hopcroft, Lisa, Fisher, Louis, Bridges, Lucy, Wiedemann, Milan, DeVito, Nicholas, Macdonald, Orla, Inglesby, Peter, Smith, Rebecca, Croker, Richard, Park, Robin, Higgins, Rose, Bacon, Sebastian, Davy, Simon, Maude, Steven, O'Dwyer, Thomas, Ward, Tom, Speed, Victoria, Hulme, William, Hart, Liam, Stokes, Pete, Bhaskaran, Krishnan, Costello, Ruth, Cowling, Thomas, Douglas, Ian, Eggo, Rosalind, Evans, Stephen, Forbes, Harriet, Grieve, Richard, Grint, Daniel, Herrett, Emily, Langan, Sinead, Mahalingasivam, Viyaasan, Mansfield, Kathryn, Mathur, Rohini, McDonald, Helen, Parker, Edward, Rentsch, Christopher, Schultze, Anna, Smeeth, Liam, Tazare, John, Tomlinson, Laurie, Walker, Jemma, Williamson, Elizabeth, Wing, Kevin, Wong, Angel, Zheng, Bang, Bates, Christopher, Cockburn, Jonathan, Parry, John, Hester, Frank, Harper, Sam, O'Hanlon, Shaun, Eavis, Alex, Jarvis, Richard, Avramov, Dima, Griffiths, Paul, Fowles, Aaron, Parkes, Nasreen, Perera, Rafael, Harrison, David, Khunti, Kamlesh, Sterne, Jonathan, Quint, Jennifer, Carlile, Oliver, Briggs, Andrew, Henderson, Alasdair D., Butler-Cole, Ben F.C., Tomlinson, Laurie A., Marks, Michael, Jit, Mark, Lin, Liang-Yu, Bates, Chris, Bacon, Sebastian C.J., Dennison, William A., Costello, Ruth E., Walker, Alex J., and Eggo, Rosalind M.

Published
2024
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9. Clinical and health inequality risk factors for non-COVID-related sepsis during the global COVID-19 pandemic: a national case-control and cohort study

Author

Walker, Alex J., MacKenna, Brian, Inglesby, Peter, Goldacre, Ben, Curtis, Helen J., Morley, Jessica, Mehrkar, Amir, Bacon, Sebastian C.J., Hickman, George, Croker, Richard, Evans, David, Ward, Tom, DeVito, Nicholas J., Fisher, Louis, Green, Amelia C.A., Massey, Jon, Smith, Rebecca M., Hulme, William J., Davy, Simon, Andrews, Colm D., Hopcroft, Lisa E.M., Dillingham, Iain, Higgins, Rose, Cunningham, Christine, Wiedemann, Milan, Nab, Linda, Maude, Steven, Macdonald, Orla, Butler-Cole, Ben F.C., O'Dwyer, Thomas, Stables, Catherine L., Wood, Christopher, Brown, Andrew D., Speed, Victoria, Bridges, Lucy, Schaffer, Andrea L., Walters, Caroline E., Bates, Christopher, Cockburn, Jonathan, Parry, John, Hester, Frank, Harper, Sam, Zhong, Xiaomin, Ashiru-Oredope, Diane, Pate, Alexander, Martin, Glen P., Sharma, Anita, Dark, Paul, Felton, Tim, Lake, Claire, Hand, Kieran, Bladon, Sian, Cunningham, Neil, Gilham, Ellie, Brown, Colin S., Mirfenderesky, Mariyam, Palin, Victoria, and van Staa, Tjeerd Pieter

Published
2023
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10. Barriers to population level AMR research in UK livestock and opportunities for data science

Author

Massey, Jon, Reyher, Kristen, Dowsey, Andrew, and Bullock, Seth

Abstract

Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) presents a significant threat to animal and human health the world over. The role that animal agriculture plays in this threat is not yet fully knownbut greater knowledge may be found through analysis of routinelycollected data sets. Examples of such routine data regarding UK livestock are veterinary treatment records, clinical diagnoses, animal movements, and production records. Work towards building an open access research databank for One Health AMR research revealed barriers to using such data for research purposes, manifesting from interactions of social, legal, and technological issues. Detailed examination of three problem areas -identification and quantification of veterinary medicines usage, mismatches in conceptualisation and representation of key entities across domains, and sharing of privacy-constrained data -revealed opportunities for data science to overcome these barriers. To do sorequires consideration of the whole data lifecycle and the social, legal, and technological contexts of its activities. Drawing on existing work in the fields of natural language processing, privacy-preserving record linkage, and open data standards, novel solutionsare provided for the highlighted problem areas. Proposedsolutions are imperfect yetreadily-implementable, or more sustainable and complete yet requiring of significant engagement from key stakeholders and not fully realised during this study. A real-world example of what analysis of routine UK livestock data may provide is demonstrated througha highly predictive machine learned model of milk antibiotic residue test results, based on results from a UK-wide cohort of dairy farmers over a 3-yearperiod. Implementation of analytical tools based on this modelling work and adoption of data standards proposed in this thesis are examples of high impact outcomes from this thesis. Continuation of this impact for population-level livestock AMR research requires further study into both its data challenges and the complex social and legal domains in which they exist.

Published
2021

11. Gout incidence and management during the COVID-19 pandemic in England, UK: a nationwide observational study using OpenSAFELY

Author

Russell, Mark D, Massey, Jon, Roddy, Edward, MacKenna, Brian, Bacon, Seb, Goldacre, Ben, Andrews, Colm D, Hickman, George, Mehrkar, Amir, Mahto, Arti, Rutherford, Andrew I, Patel, Samir, Adas, Maryam A, Alveyn, Edward, Nagra, Deepak, Bechman, Katie, Ledingham, Joanna M, Hudson, Joanna, Norton, Sam, Cope, Andrew P, and Galloway, James B

Published
2023
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13. Ethnic differences in the indirect effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on clinical monitoring and hospitalisations for non-COVID conditions in England: a population-based, observational cohort study using the OpenSAFELY platform

Author

Chaturvedi, Nishi, Park, Chloe, Carnemolla, Alisia, Williams, Dylan, Knueppel, Anika, Boyd, Andy, Turner, Emma L., Evans, Katharine M., Thomas, Richard, Berman, Samantha, McLachlan, Stela, Crane, Matthew, Whitehorn, Rebecca, Oakley, Jacqui, Foster, Diane, Woodward, Hannah, Campbell, Kirsteen C., Timpson, Nicholas, Kwong, Alex, Soares, Ana Goncalves, Griffith, Gareth, Toms, Renin, Jones, Louise, Annie, Herbert, Mitchell, Ruth, Palmer, Tom, Sterne, Jonathan, Walker, Venexia, Huntley, Lizzie, Fox, Laura, Denholm, Rachel, Knight, Rochelle, Northstone, Kate, Kanagaratnam, Arun, Horne, Elsie, Forbes, Harriet, North, Teri, Taylor, Kurt, Arab, Marwa A.L., Walker, Scott, Coronado, Jose I.C., Karthikeyan, Arun S., Ploubidis, George, Moltrecht, Bettina, Booth, Charlotte, Parsons, Sam, Wielgoszewska, Bozena, Bridger-Staatz, Charis, Steves, Claire, Thompson, Ellen, Garcia, Paz, Cheetham, Nathan, Bowyer, Ruth, Freydin, Maxim, Roberts, Amy, Goldacre, Ben, Walker, Alex, Morley, Jess, Hulme, William, Nab, Linda, Fisher, Louis, MacKenna, Brian, Andrews, Colm, Curtis, Helen, Hopcroft, Lisa, Green, Amelia, Patalay, Praveetha, Maddock, Jane, Patel, Kishan, Stafford, Jean, Jacques, Wels, Tilling, Kate, Macleod, John, McElroy, Eoin, Shah, Anoop, Silverwood, Richard, Denaxas, Spiros, Flaig, Robin, McCartney, Daniel, Campbell, Archie, Tomlinson, Laurie, Tazare, John, Zheng, Bang, Smeeth, Liam, Herrett, Emily, Cowling, Thomas, Mansfield, Kate, Costello, Ruth E., Wang, Kevin, Mansfield, Kathryn, Mahalingasivam, Viyaasan, Douglas, Ian, Langan, Sinead, Brophy, Sinead, Parker, Michael, Kennedy, Jonathan, McEachan, Rosie, Wright, John, Willan, Kathryn, Badrick, Ellena, Santorelli, Gillian, Yang, Tiffany, Hou, Bo, Steptoe, Andrew, Giorgio, Di Gessa, Zhu, Jingmin, Zaninotto, Paola, Wood, Angela, Cezard, Genevieve, Ip, Samantha, Bolton, Tom, Sampri, Alexia, Rafeti, Elena, Almaghrabi, Fatima, Sheikh, Aziz, Shah, Syed A., Katikireddi, Vittal, Shaw, Richard, Hamilton, Olivia, Green, Michael, Kromydas, Theocharis, Kopasker, Daniel, Greaves, Felix, Willans, Robert, Glen, Fiona, Sharp, Steve, Hughes, Alun, Wong, Andrew, Howes, Lee Hamill, Rapala, Alicja, Nigrelli, Lidia, McArdle, Fintan, Beckford, Chelsea, Raman, Betty, Dobson, Richard, Folarin, Amos, Stewart, Callum, Ranjan, Yatharth, Carpentieri, Jd, Sheard, Laura, Fang, Chao, Baz, Sarah, Gibson, Andy, Kellas, John, Neubauer, Stefan, Piechnik, Stefan, Lukaschuk, Elena, Saunders, Laura C., Wild, James M., Smith, Stephen, Jezzard, Peter, Tunnicliffe, Elizabeth, Sanders, Zeena-Britt, Finnigan, Lucy, Ferreira, Vanessa, Green, Mark, Rhead, Rebecca, Kibble, Milla, Wei, Yinghui, Lemanska, Agnieszka, Perez-Reche, Francisco, Piehlmaier, Dominik, Teece, Lucy, Parker, Edward, Walker, Alex J., Inglesby, Peter, Curtis, Helen J., Morton, Caroline E., Morley, Jessica, Mehrkar, Amir, Bacon, Sebastian C.J., Hickman, George, Croker, Richard, Evans, David, Ward, Tom, DeVito, Nicholas J., Green, Amelia C.A., Massey, Jon, Smith, Rebecca M., Hulme, William J., Davy, Simon, Andrews, Colm D., Hopcroft, Lisa E.M., Drysdale, Henry, Dillingham, Iain, Park, Robin Y., Higgins, Rose, Cunningham, Christine, Wiedemann, Milan, Maude, Steven, Macdonald, Orla, Butler-Cole, Ben F.C., O'Dwyer, Thomas, Stables, Catherine L., Wood, Christopher, Brown, Andrew D., Speed, Victoria, Bridges, Lucy, Schaffer, Andrea L., Walters, Caroline E., Rentsch, Christopher T., Bhaskaran, Krishnan, Schultze, Anna, Williamson, Elizabeth J., McDonald, Helen I., Tomlinson, Laurie A., Mathur, Rohini, Eggo, Rosalind M., Wing, Kevin, Wong, Angel Y.S., Grieve, Richard, Grint, Daniel J., Mansfield, Kathryn E., Douglas, Ian J., Evans, Stephen J.W., Walker, Jemma L., Cowling, Thomas E., Herrett, Emily L., Parker, Edward P.K., Bates, Christopher, Cockburn, Jonathan, Parry, John, Hester, Frank, Harper, Sam, O'Hanlon, Shaun, Eavis, Alex, Jarvis, Richard, Avramov, Dima, Griffiths, Paul, Fowles, Aaron, Parkes, Nasreen, Nicholson, Brian, Perera, Rafael, Harrison, David, Khunti, Kamlesh, Sterne, Jonathan AC., Quint, Jennifer, Henderson, Alasdair D., Carreira, Helena, Bidulka, Patrick, Warren-Gash, Charlotte, Hayes, Joseph F., Quint, Jennifer K., Katikireddi, Srinivasa Vittal, and Langan, Sinéad M.

Published
2023
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15. Describing the population experiencing COVID-19 vaccine breakthrough following second vaccination in England: a cohort study from OpenSAFELY

Author

Green, Amelia, Curtis, Helen, Hulme, William, Williamson, Elizabeth, McDonald, Helen, Bhaskaran, Krishnan, Rentsch, Christopher, Schultze, Anna, MacKenna, Brian, Mahalingasivam, Viyaasan, Tomlinson, Laurie, Walker, Alex, Fisher, Louis, Massey, Jon, Andrews, Colm, Hopcroft, Lisa, Morton, Caroline, Croker, Richard, Morley, Jessica, Mehrkar, Amir, Bacon, Seb, Evans, David, Inglesby, Peter, Hickman, George, Ward, Tom, Davy, Simon, Mathur, Rohini, Tazare, John, Eggo, Rosalind, Wing, Kevin, Wong, Angel, Forbes, Harriet, Bates, Chris, Cockburn, Jonathan, Parry, John, Hester, Frank, Harper, Sam, Douglas, Ian, Evans, Stephen, Smeeth, Liam, and Goldacre, Ben

Published
2022
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16. OpenSAFELY: A platform for analysing electronic health records designed for reproducible research

Author

Nab, Linda, primary, Schaffer, Andrea L., additional, Hulme, William, additional, DeVito, Nicholas J., additional, Dillingham, Iain, additional, Wiedemann, Milan, additional, Andrews, Colm D., additional, Curtis, Helen, additional, Fisher, Louis, additional, Green, Amelia, additional, Massey, Jon, additional, Walters, Caroline E., additional, Higgins, Rose, additional, Cunningham, Christine, additional, Morley, Jessica, additional, Mehrkar, Amir, additional, Hart, Liam, additional, Davy, Simon, additional, Evans, David, additional, Hickman, George, additional, Inglesby, Peter, additional, Morton, Caroline E., additional, Smith, Rebecca M., additional, Ward, Tom, additional, O'Dwyer, Thomas, additional, Maude, Steven, additional, Bridges, Lucy, additional, Butler‐Cole, Ben F. C., additional, Stables, Catherine L., additional, Stokes, Pete, additional, Bates, Chris, additional, Cockburn, Jonny, additional, Hester, Frank, additional, Parry, John, additional, Bhaskaran, Krishnan, additional, Schultze, Anna, additional, Rentsch, Christopher T., additional, Mathur, Rohini, additional, Tomlinson, Laurie A., additional, Williamson, Elizabeth J., additional, Smeeth, Liam, additional, Walker, Alex, additional, Bacon, Sebastian, additional, MacKenna, Brian, additional, and Goldacre, Ben, additional

Published
2024
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17. P086 Trends in the Incidence and Management of Gout in England: A Nationwide Study using the OpenSAFELY Platform

Author

Russell, Mark D, primary, Massey, Jon, additional, Roddy, Edward, additional, MacKenna, Brian, additional, Bacon, Seb, additional, Goldacre, Ben, additional, Andrews, Colm D, additional, Hickman, George, additional, Mehrkar, Amir, additional, Mahto, Arti, additional, Rutherford, Andrew I, additional, Patel, Samir, additional, Adas, Maryam A, additional, Alveyn, Edward, additional, Nagra, Deepak, additional, Bechman, Katie, additional, Ledingham, Jo M, additional, Hudson, Joanna, additional, Norton, Sam, additional, Cope, Andrew, additional, and Galloway, James, additional

Published
2024
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18. Exploring Prior Antibiotic Exposure Characteristics for COVID-19 Hospital Admission Patients: OpenSAFELY.

Author

Yang, Ya-Ting, Wong, David, Zhong, Xiaomin, Fahmi, Ali, Ashcroft, Darren M., Hand, Kieran, Massey, Jon, Mackenna, Brian, Mehrkar, Amir, Bacon, Sebastian, Goldacre, Ben, Palin, Victoria, and van Staa, Tjeerd

Subjects
MACHINE learning, HOSPITAL admission & discharge, HOSPITAL patients, ANTIBIOTICS, COVID-19
Abstract

Previous studies have demonstrated the association between antibiotic use and severe COVID-19 outcomes. This study aimed to explore detailed antibiotic exposure characteristics among COVID-19 patients. Using the OpenSAFELY platform, which integrates extensive health data and covers 40% of the population in England, the study analysed 3.16 million COVID-19 patients with at least two prior antibiotic prescriptions. These patients were compared to up to six matched controls without hospitalisation records. A machine learning model categorised patients into ten groups based on their antibiotic exposure history over the three years before their COVID-19 diagnosis. The study found that for COVID-19 patients, the total number of prior antibiotic prescriptions, diversity of antibiotic types, broad-spectrum antibiotic prescriptions, time between first and last antibiotics, and recent antibiotic use were associated with an increased risk of severe COVID-19 outcomes. Patients in the highest decile of antibiotic exposure had an adjusted odds ratio of 4.8 for severe outcomes compared to those in the lowest decile. These findings suggest a potential link between extensive antibiotic use and the risk of severe COVID-19. This highlights the need for more judicious antibiotic prescribing in primary care, primarily for patients with higher risks of infection-related complications, which may better offset the potential adverse effects of repeated antibiotic use. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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19. Impact of COVID-19 on mental illness in vaccinated and unvaccinated people: a population-based cohort study in OpenSAFELY

Author

Walker, Venexia, primary, Patalay, Praveetha, additional, Cuitin Coronado, Jose Ignacio, additional, Denholm, Rachel, additional, Forbes, Harriet, additional, Stafford, Jean, additional, Moltrecht, Bettina, additional, Palmer, Tom, additional, Walker, Alex, additional, Thompson, Ellen J, additional, Taylor, Kurt, additional, Cezard, Genevieve, additional, Horne, Elsie MF, additional, Wei, Yinghui, additional, Al Arab, Marwa, additional, Knight, Rochelle, additional, Fisher, Louis, additional, Massey, Jon, additional, Davy, Simon, additional, Mehrkar, Amir, additional, Bacon, Seb, additional, Goldacre, Ben, additional, Wood, Angela, additional, Chaturvedi, Nishi, additional, Macleod, John, additional, John, Ann, additional, and Sterne, Jonathan AC, additional

Published
2023
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20. Incidence of diabetes after SARS-CoV-2 infection in England and the implications of COVID-19 vaccination: a retrospective cohort study of 16 million people

Author

Taylor, Kurt, Eastwood, Sophie, Walker, Venexia, Cezard, Genevieve, Knight, Rochelle, Al Arab, Marwa, Wei, Yinghui, Horne, Elsie M F, Teece, Lucy, Forbes, Harriet, Walker, Alex, Fisher, Louis, Massey, Jon, Hopcroft, Lisa E M, Palmer, Tom, Cuitun Coronado, Jose, Ip, Samantha, Davy, Simon, Dillingham, Iain, Morton, Caroline, Greaves, Felix, Macleod, John, Goldacre, Ben, Wood, Angela, Chaturvedi, Nishi, Sterne, Jonathan A C, Denholm, Rachel, Al Arab, Marwa, Almaghrabi, Fatima, Andrews, Colm, Badrick, Ellena, Baz, Sarah, Beckford, Chelsea, Berman, Samantha, Bolton, Tom, Booth, Charlotte, Bowyer, Ruth, Boyd, Andy, Bridger-Staatz, Charis, Brophy, Sinead, Campbell, Archie, Campbell, Kirsteen C, Carnemolla, Alisia, Carpentieri, Jd, Cezard, Genevieve, Chaturvedi, Nishi, Cheetham, Nathan, Costello, Ruth, Cowling, Thomas, Crane, Matthew, Cuitun Coronado, Jose Ignacio, Curtis, Helen, Denaxas, Spiros, Denholm, Rachel, Di Gessa, Giorgio, Dobson, Richard, Douglas, Ian, Evans, Katharine M, Fang, Chao, Ferreira, Vanessa, Finnigan, Lucy, Fisher, Louis, Flaig, Robin, Folarin, Amos, Forbes, Harriet, Foster, Diane, Fox, Laura, Freydin, Maxim, Garcia, Paz, Gibson, Andy, Glen, Fiona, Goldacre, Ben, Goncalves Soares, Ana, Greaves, Felix, Green, Amelia, Green, Mark, Green, Michael, Griffith, Gareth, Hamill Howes, Lee, Hamilton, Olivia, Herbet, Annie, Herrett, Emily, Hopcroft, Lisa, Horne, Elsie, Hou, Bo, Hughes, Alun, Hulme, William, Huntley, Lizzie, Ip, Samantha, Jacques, Wels, Jezzard, Peter, Jones, Louise, Kanagaratnam, Arun, Karthikeyan Suseeladevi, Arun, Katikireddi, Vittal, Kellas, John, Kennedy, Jonathan I, Kibble, Milla, Knight, Rochelle, Knueppel, Anika, Kopasker, Daniel, Kromydas, Theocharis, Kwong, Alex, Langan, Sinead, Lemanska, Agnieszka, Lukaschuk, Elena, Mackenna, Brain, Macleod, John, Maddock, Jane, Mahalingasivam, Viyaasan, Mansfield, Kathryn, McArdle, Fintan, McCartney, Daniel, McEachan, Rosie, McElroy, Eoin, McLachlan, Stela, Mitchell, Ruth, Moltrecht, Bettina, Morley, Jess, Nab, Linda, Neubauer, Stefan, Nigrelli, Lidia, North, Teri, Northstone, Kate, Oakley, Jacqui, Palmer, Tom, Park, Chloe, Parker, Michael, Parsons, Sam, Patalay, Praveetha, Patel, Kishan, Perez-Reche, Francisco, Piechnik, Stefan, Piehlmaier, Dominik, Ploubidis, George, Rafeti, Elena, Raman, Betty, Ranjan, Yatharth, Rapala, Alicja, Rhead, Rebecca, Roberts, Amy, Sampri, Alexia, Sanders, Zeena-Britt, Santorelli, Gillian, Saunders, Laura C, Shah, Anoop, Shah, Syed Ahmar, Sharp, Steve, Shaw, Richard, Sheard, Laura, Sheikh, Aziz, Silverwood, Richard, Smeeth, Liam, Smith, Stephen, Stafford, Jean, Steptoe, Andrew, Sterne, Jonathan, Steves, Claire, Stewart, Callum, Taylor, Kurt, Tazare, John, Teece, Lucy, Thomas, Richard, Thompson, Ellen, Tilling, Kate, Timpson, Nicholas, Tomlinson, Laurie, Toms, Renin, Tunnicliffe, Elizabeth, Turner, Emma L, Walker, Alex, Walker, Venexia, Walter, Scott, Wang, Kevin, Wei, Yinghui, Whitehorn, Rebecca, Wielgoszewska, Bozena, Wild, James M, Willan, Kathryn, Willans, Robert, Williams, Dylan, Wong, Andrew, Wood, Angela, Woodward, Hannah, Wright, John, Yang, Tiffany, Zaninotto, Paola, Zheng, Bang, and Zhu, Jingmin

Abstract

Some studies have shown that the incidence of type 2 diabetes increases after a diagnosis of COVID-19, although the evidence is not conclusive. However, the effects of the COVID-19 vaccine on this association, or the effect on other diabetes subtypes, are not clear. We aimed to investigate the association between COVID-19 and incidence of type 2, type 1, gestational and non-specific diabetes, and the effect of COVID- 19 vaccination, up to 52 weeks after diagnosis.

Published
2024
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21. Clinical and health inequality risk factors for non-COVID-related sepsis during the global COVID-19 pandemic: a national case-control and cohort study

Author

Zhong, Xiaomin, primary, Ashiru-Oredope, Diane, additional, Pate, Alexander, additional, Martin, Glen P., additional, Sharma, Anita, additional, Dark, Paul, additional, Felton, Tim, additional, Lake, Claire, additional, MacKenna, Brian, additional, Mehrkar, Amir, additional, Bacon, Sebastian C.J., additional, Massey, Jon, additional, Inglesby, Peter, additional, Goldacre, Ben, additional, Hand, Kieran, additional, Bladon, Sian, additional, Cunningham, Neil, additional, Gilham, Ellie, additional, Brown, Colin S., additional, Mirfenderesky, Mariyam, additional, Palin, Victoria, additional, van Staa, Tjeerd Pieter, additional, Walker, Alex J., additional, Curtis, Helen J., additional, Morley, Jessica, additional, Hickman, George, additional, Croker, Richard, additional, Evans, David, additional, Ward, Tom, additional, DeVito, Nicholas J., additional, Fisher, Louis, additional, Green, Amelia C.A., additional, Smith, Rebecca M., additional, Hulme, William J., additional, Davy, Simon, additional, Andrews, Colm D., additional, Hopcroft, Lisa E.M., additional, Dillingham, Iain, additional, Higgins, Rose, additional, Cunningham, Christine, additional, Wiedemann, Milan, additional, Nab, Linda, additional, Maude, Steven, additional, Macdonald, Orla, additional, Butler-Cole, Ben F.C., additional, O'Dwyer, Thomas, additional, Stables, Catherine L., additional, Wood, Christopher, additional, Brown, Andrew D., additional, Speed, Victoria, additional, Bridges, Lucy, additional, Schaffer, Andrea L., additional, Walters, Caroline E., additional, Bates, Christopher, additional, Cockburn, Jonathan, additional, Parry, John, additional, Hester, Frank, additional, and Harper, Sam, additional

Published
2023
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22. Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on antipsychotic prescribing in individuals with autism, dementia, learning disability, serious mental illness or living in a care home: a federated analysis of 59 million patients’ primary care records in situ using OpenSAFELY

Author

Macdonald, Orla, primary, Green, Amelia, additional, Walker, Alex, additional, Curtis, Helen, additional, Croker, Richard, additional, Brown, Andrew, additional, Butler-Cole, Ben, additional, Andrews, Colm, additional, Massey, Jon, additional, Inglesby, Peter, additional, Morton, Caroline, additional, Fisher, Louis, additional, Morley, Jessica, additional, Mehrkar, Amir, additional, Bacon, Sebastian, additional, Davy, Simon, additional, Evans, David, additional, Dillingham, Iain, additional, Ward, Tom, additional, Hulme, William, additional, Bates, Chris, additional, Cockburn, Jonathan, additional, Parry, John, additional, Hester, Frank, additional, Harper, Sam, additional, O'Hanlon, Shaun, additional, Eavis, Alex, additional, Jarvis, Richard, additional, Avramov, Dima, additional, Parkes, Nasreen, additional, Wood, Ian, additional, Goldacre, Ben, additional, and Mackenna, Brian, additional

Published
2023
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23. Eleven key measures for monitoring general practice clinical activity during COVID-19: A retrospective cohort study using 48 million adults’ primary care records in England through OpenSAFELY

Author

Fisher, Louis, primary, Curtis, Helen J, additional, Croker, Richard, additional, Wiedemann, Milan, additional, Speed, Victoria, additional, Wood, Christopher, additional, Brown, Andrew, additional, Hopcroft, Lisa EM, additional, Higgins, Rose, additional, Massey, Jon, additional, Inglesby, Peter, additional, Morton, Caroline E, additional, Walker, Alex J, additional, Morley, Jessica, additional, Mehrkar, Amir, additional, Bacon, Seb, additional, Hickman, George, additional, Macdonald, Orla, additional, Lewis, Tom, additional, Wood, Marion, additional, Myers, Martin, additional, Samuel, Miriam, additional, Conibere, Robin, additional, Baqir, Wasim, additional, Sood, Harpreet, additional, Drury, Charles, additional, Collison, Kiren, additional, Bates, Chris, additional, Evans, David, additional, Dillingham, Iain, additional, Ward, Tom, additional, Davy, Simon, additional, Smith, Rebecca M, additional, Hulme, William, additional, Green, Amelia, additional, Parry, John, additional, Hester, Frank, additional, Harper, Sam, additional, Cockburn, Jonathan, additional, O'Hanlon, Shaun, additional, Eavis, Alex, additional, Jarvis, Richard, additional, Avramov, Dima, additional, Griffiths, Paul, additional, Fowles, Aaron, additional, Parkes, Nasreen, additional, MacKenna, Brian, additional, and Goldacre, Ben, additional

Published
2023
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24. Impact of vaccination on the association of COVID-19 with arterial and venous thrombotic diseases: an OpenSAFELY cohort study using linked electronic health records

Author

Cezard, Genevieve, primary, Denholm, Rachel, additional, Knight, Rochelle, additional, Wei, Yinghui, additional, Teece, Lucy, additional, Toms, Renin, additional, Forbes, Harriet, additional, Walker, Alex, additional, Fisher, Louis, additional, Massey, Jon, additional, Hopcroft, Lisa, additional, Horne, Elsie, additional, Taylor, Kurt, additional, Palmer, Tom, additional, Arab, Marwa Al, additional, Coronado, Jose Cuitun, additional, Ip, Samantha, additional, Davy, Simon, additional, Dillingham, Iain, additional, Bacon, Sebastian, additional, Mehrkar, Amir, additional, Morton, Caroline, additional, Greaves, Felix, additional, Hyams, Catherine, additional, Smith, George Davey, additional, MacLeod, John, additional, Chaturvedi, Nishi, additional, Goldacre, Ben, additional, Whiteley, William, additional, Wood, Angela, additional, Sterne, Jonathan, additional, and Walker, Venexia, additional

Published
2023
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25. Ethnic differences in the indirect effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on clinical monitoring and hospitalisations for non-COVID conditions in England: a population-based, observational cohort study using the OpenSAFELY platform

Author

Costello, Ruth E., primary, Tazare, John, additional, Piehlmaier, Dominik, additional, Herrett, Emily, additional, Parker, Edward P.K., additional, Zheng, Bang, additional, Mansfield, Kathryn E., additional, Henderson, Alasdair D., additional, Carreira, Helena, additional, Bidulka, Patrick, additional, Wong, Angel Y.S., additional, Warren-Gash, Charlotte, additional, Hayes, Joseph F., additional, Quint, Jennifer K., additional, MacKenna, Brian, additional, Mehrkar, Amir, additional, Eggo, Rosalind M., additional, Katikireddi, Srinivasa Vittal, additional, Tomlinson, Laurie, additional, Langan, Sinéad M., additional, Mathur, Rohini, additional, Chaturvedi, Nishi, additional, Park, Chloe, additional, Carnemolla, Alisia, additional, Williams, Dylan, additional, Knueppel, Anika, additional, Boyd, Andy, additional, Turner, Emma L., additional, Evans, Katharine M., additional, Thomas, Richard, additional, Berman, Samantha, additional, McLachlan, Stela, additional, Crane, Matthew, additional, Whitehorn, Rebecca, additional, Oakley, Jacqui, additional, Foster, Diane, additional, Woodward, Hannah, additional, Campbell, Kirsteen C., additional, Timpson, Nicholas, additional, Kwong, Alex, additional, Soares, Ana Goncalves, additional, Griffith, Gareth, additional, Toms, Renin, additional, Jones, Louise, additional, Annie, Herbert, additional, Mitchell, Ruth, additional, Palmer, Tom, additional, Sterne, Jonathan, additional, Walker, Venexia, additional, Huntley, Lizzie, additional, Fox, Laura, additional, Denholm, Rachel, additional, Knight, Rochelle, additional, Northstone, Kate, additional, Kanagaratnam, Arun, additional, Horne, Elsie, additional, Forbes, Harriet, additional, North, Teri, additional, Taylor, Kurt, additional, Arab, Marwa A.L., additional, Walker, Scott, additional, Coronado, Jose I.C., additional, Karthikeyan, Arun S., additional, Ploubidis, George, additional, Moltrecht, Bettina, additional, Booth, Charlotte, additional, Parsons, Sam, additional, Wielgoszewska, Bozena, additional, Bridger-Staatz, Charis, additional, Steves, Claire, additional, Thompson, Ellen, additional, Garcia, Paz, additional, Cheetham, Nathan, additional, Bowyer, Ruth, additional, Freydin, Maxim, additional, Roberts, Amy, additional, Goldacre, Ben, additional, Walker, Alex, additional, Morley, Jess, additional, Hulme, William, additional, Nab, Linda, additional, Fisher, Louis, additional, Andrews, Colm, additional, Curtis, Helen, additional, Hopcroft, Lisa, additional, Green, Amelia, additional, Patalay, Praveetha, additional, Maddock, Jane, additional, Patel, Kishan, additional, Stafford, Jean, additional, Jacques, Wels, additional, Tilling, Kate, additional, Macleod, John, additional, McElroy, Eoin, additional, Shah, Anoop, additional, Silverwood, Richard, additional, Denaxas, Spiros, additional, Flaig, Robin, additional, McCartney, Daniel, additional, Campbell, Archie, additional, Smeeth, Liam, additional, Cowling, Thomas, additional, Mansfield, Kate, additional, Costello, Ruth E., additional, Wang, Kevin, additional, Mansfield, Kathryn, additional, Mahalingasivam, Viyaasan, additional, Douglas, Ian, additional, Langan, Sinead, additional, Brophy, Sinead, additional, Parker, Michael, additional, Kennedy, Jonathan, additional, McEachan, Rosie, additional, Wright, John, additional, Willan, Kathryn, additional, Badrick, Ellena, additional, Santorelli, Gillian, additional, Yang, Tiffany, additional, Hou, Bo, additional, Steptoe, Andrew, additional, Giorgio, Di Gessa, additional, Zhu, Jingmin, additional, Zaninotto, Paola, additional, Wood, Angela, additional, Cezard, Genevieve, additional, Ip, Samantha, additional, Bolton, Tom, additional, Sampri, Alexia, additional, Rafeti, Elena, additional, Almaghrabi, Fatima, additional, Sheikh, Aziz, additional, Shah, Syed A., additional, Katikireddi, Vittal, additional, Shaw, Richard, additional, Hamilton, Olivia, additional, Green, Michael, additional, Kromydas, Theocharis, additional, Kopasker, Daniel, additional, Greaves, Felix, additional, Willans, Robert, additional, Glen, Fiona, additional, Sharp, Steve, additional, Hughes, Alun, additional, Wong, Andrew, additional, Howes, Lee Hamill, additional, Rapala, Alicja, additional, Nigrelli, Lidia, additional, McArdle, Fintan, additional, Beckford, Chelsea, additional, Raman, Betty, additional, Dobson, Richard, additional, Folarin, Amos, additional, Stewart, Callum, additional, Ranjan, Yatharth, additional, Carpentieri, Jd, additional, Sheard, Laura, additional, Fang, Chao, additional, Baz, Sarah, additional, Gibson, Andy, additional, Kellas, John, additional, Neubauer, Stefan, additional, Piechnik, Stefan, additional, Lukaschuk, Elena, additional, Saunders, Laura C., additional, Wild, James M., additional, Smith, Stephen, additional, Jezzard, Peter, additional, Tunnicliffe, Elizabeth, additional, Sanders, Zeena-Britt, additional, Finnigan, Lucy, additional, Ferreira, Vanessa, additional, Green, Mark, additional, Rhead, Rebecca, additional, Kibble, Milla, additional, Wei, Yinghui, additional, Lemanska, Agnieszka, additional, Perez-Reche, Francisco, additional, Teece, Lucy, additional, Parker, Edward, additional, Walker, Alex J., additional, Inglesby, Peter, additional, Curtis, Helen J., additional, Morton, Caroline E., additional, Morley, Jessica, additional, Bacon, Sebastian C.J., additional, Hickman, George, additional, Croker, Richard, additional, Evans, David, additional, Ward, Tom, additional, DeVito, Nicholas J., additional, Green, Amelia C.A., additional, Massey, Jon, additional, Smith, Rebecca M., additional, Hulme, William J., additional, Davy, Simon, additional, Andrews, Colm D., additional, Hopcroft, Lisa E.M., additional, Drysdale, Henry, additional, Dillingham, Iain, additional, Park, Robin Y., additional, Higgins, Rose, additional, Cunningham, Christine, additional, Wiedemann, Milan, additional, Maude, Steven, additional, Macdonald, Orla, additional, Butler-Cole, Ben F.C., additional, O'Dwyer, Thomas, additional, Stables, Catherine L., additional, Wood, Christopher, additional, Brown, Andrew D., additional, Speed, Victoria, additional, Bridges, Lucy, additional, Schaffer, Andrea L., additional, Walters, Caroline E., additional, Rentsch, Christopher T., additional, Bhaskaran, Krishnan, additional, Schultze, Anna, additional, Williamson, Elizabeth J., additional, McDonald, Helen I., additional, Tomlinson, Laurie A., additional, Wing, Kevin, additional, Grieve, Richard, additional, Grint, Daniel J., additional, Douglas, Ian J., additional, Evans, Stephen J.W., additional, Walker, Jemma L., additional, Cowling, Thomas E., additional, Herrett, Emily L., additional, Bates, Christopher, additional, Cockburn, Jonathan, additional, Parry, John, additional, Hester, Frank, additional, Harper, Sam, additional, O'Hanlon, Shaun, additional, Eavis, Alex, additional, Jarvis, Richard, additional, Avramov, Dima, additional, Griffiths, Paul, additional, Fowles, Aaron, additional, Parkes, Nasreen, additional, Nicholson, Brian, additional, Perera, Rafael, additional, Harrison, David, additional, Khunti, Kamlesh, additional, Sterne, Jonathan AC., additional, and Quint, Jennifer, additional

Published
2023
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26. Impact of COVID-19 on broad-spectrum antibiotic prescribing for common infections in primary care in England: a time-series analyses using OpenSAFELY and effects of predictors including deprivation

Author

Zhong, Xiaomin, primary, Pate, Alexander, additional, Yang, Ya-Ting, additional, Fahmi, Ali, additional, Ashcroft, Darren M., additional, Goldacre, Ben, additional, MacKenna, Brian, additional, Mehrkar, Amir, additional, Bacon, Sebastian CJ., additional, Massey, Jon, additional, Fisher, Louis, additional, Inglesby, Peter, additional, Hand, Kieran, additional, van Staa, Tjeerd, additional, and Palin, Victoria, additional

Published
2023
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27. Changes in medication safety indicators in England throughout the covid-19 pandemic using OpenSAFELY: population based, retrospective cohort study of 57 million patients using federated analytics

Author

Fisher, Louis, primary, Hopcroft, Lisa EM, additional, Rodgers, Sarah, additional, Barrett, James, additional, Oliver, Kerry, additional, Avery, Anthony J, additional, Evans, Dai, additional, Curtis, Helen, additional, Croker, Richard, additional, Macdonald, Orla, additional, Morley, Jessica, additional, Mehrkar, Amir, additional, Bacon, Sebastian, additional, Davy, Simon, additional, Dillingham, Iain, additional, Evans, David, additional, Hickman, George, additional, Inglesby, Peter, additional, Morton, Caroline E, additional, Smith, Becky, additional, Ward, Tom, additional, Hulme, William, additional, Green, Amelia, additional, Massey, Jon, additional, Walker, Alex J, additional, Bates, Christopher, additional, Cockburn, Jonathan, additional, Parry, John, additional, Hester, Frank, additional, Harper, Sam, additional, O’Hanlon, Shaun, additional, Eavis, Alex, additional, Jarvis, Richard, additional, Avramov, Dima, additional, Griffiths, Paul, additional, Fowles, Aaron, additional, Parkes, Nasreen, additional, Goldacre, Ben, additional, and MacKenna, Brian, additional

Published
2023
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28. Data-Driven Identification of Unusual Prescribing Behavior: Analysis and Use of an Interactive Data Tool Using 6 Months of Primary Care Data From 6500 Practices in England

Author

Hopcroft, Lisa EM, primary, Massey, Jon, additional, Curtis, Helen J, additional, Mackenna, Brian, additional, Croker, Richard, additional, Brown, Andrew D, additional, O'Dwyer, Thomas, additional, Macdonald, Orla, additional, Evans, David, additional, Inglesby, Peter, additional, Bacon, Sebastian CJ, additional, Goldacre, Ben, additional, and Walker, Alex J, additional

Published
2023
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29. The Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Anti-Psychotic Prescribing in Individuals with Autism, Dementia, Learning Disability, Serious Mental Illness or Living in a Care Home: A Federated Analysis of 59 Million Patients’ Primary Care Records in Situ Using OpenSAFELY

Author

Macdonald, Orla, primary, Green, Amelia, additional, Walker, Alex, additional, Curtis, Helen, additional, Croker, Richard, additional, Brown, Andrew, additional, Butler-Cole, Ben, additional, Andrews, Colm, additional, Massey, Jon, additional, Inglesby, Peter, additional, Morton, Caroline, additional, Fisher, Louis, additional, Morley, Jessica, additional, Mehrkar, Amir, additional, Bacon, Sebastian, additional, Davy, Simon, additional, Evans, David, additional, Dillingham, Iain, additional, Ward, Tom, additional, Hulme, William, additional, Bates, Chris, additional, Cockburn, Jonathan, additional, Parry, John, additional, Hester, Frank, additional, Harper, Sam, additional, O'Hanlon, Shaun, additional, Eavis, Alex, additional, Jarvis, Richard, additional, Avramov, Dima, additional, Parkes, Nasreen, additional, Goldacre, Ben, additional, and Mackenna, Brian, additional

Published
2023
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30. Trends, variation, and clinical characteristics of recipients of antiviral drugs and neutralising monoclonal antibodies for covid-19 in community settings: retrospective, descriptive cohort study of 23.4 million people in OpenSAFELY

Author

Green, Amelia C A, primary, Curtis, Helen J, additional, Higgins, Rose, additional, Nab, Linda, additional, Mahalingasivam, Viyaasan, additional, Smith, Rebecca M, additional, Mehrkar, Amir, additional, Inglesby, Peter, additional, Drysdale, Henry, additional, DeVito, Nicholas J, additional, Croker, Richard, additional, Rentsch, Christopher T, additional, Bhaskaran, Krishnan, additional, Tazare, John, additional, Zheng, Bang, additional, Andrews, Colm D, additional, Bacon, Sebastian C J, additional, Davy, Simon, additional, Dillingham, Iain, additional, Evans, David, additional, Fisher, Louis, additional, Hickman, George, additional, Hopcroft, Lisa E M, additional, Hulme, William J, additional, Massey, Jon, additional, MacDonald, Orla, additional, Morley, Jessica, additional, Morton, Caroline E, additional, Park, Robin Y, additional, Walker, Alex J, additional, Ward, Tom, additional, Wiedemann, Milan, additional, Bates, Christopher, additional, Cockburn, Jonathan, additional, Parry, John, additional, Hester, Frank, additional, Harper, Sam, additional, Douglas, Ian J, additional, Evans, Stephen J W, additional, Goldacre, Ben, additional, Tomlinson, Laurie A, additional, and MacKenna, Brian, additional

Published
2023
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31. Antibiotics for Common Infections in Primary Care Before, During and after the COVID-19 Pandemic and Extent of Risk-Based Prescribing: Need for Personalised Guidelines

Author

Fahmi, Ali, primary, Yang, Ya-Ting, additional, Zhong, Xiaomin, additional, Pate, Alexander, additional, Sharma, Anita, additional, Watts, Simon, additional, Ashcroft, Darren, additional, Goldacre, Ben, additional, Mackenna, Brian, additional, Massey, Jon, additional, Mehrkar, Amir, additional, Bacon, Sebastian, additional, Dark, Paul, additional, Hand, Kieran, additional, Palin, Victoria, additional, and Van Staa, Tjeerd P., additional

Published
2023
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32. Eleven key measures for monitoring general practice clinical activity during COVID-19 using federated analytics on 48 million adults’ primary care records through OpenSAFELY

Author

Fisher, Louis, primary, Curtis, Helen J., additional, Croker, Richard, additional, Wiedemann, Milan, additional, Speed, Victoria, additional, Wood, Christopher, additional, Brown, Andrew, additional, Hopcroft, Lisa EM, additional, Higgins, Rose, additional, Massey, Jon, additional, Inglesby, Peter, additional, Morton, Caroline E., additional, Walker, Alex J., additional, Morley, Jessica, additional, Mehrkar, Amir, additional, Bacon, Seb, additional, Hickman, George, additional, Macdonald, Orla, additional, Lewis, Tom, additional, Wood, Marion, additional, Myers, Martin, additional, Samuel, Miriam, additional, Conibere, Robin, additional, Baqir, Wasim, additional, Sood, Harpreet, additional, Drury, Charles, additional, Collison, Kiren, additional, Bates, Chris, additional, Evans, David, additional, Dillingham, Iain, additional, Ward, Tom, additional, Davy, Simon, additional, Smith, Rebecca M., additional, Hulme, William, additional, Green, Amelia, additional, Parry, John, additional, Hester, Frank, additional, Harper, Sam, additional, Cockburn, Jonathan, additional, O’Hanlon, Shaun, additional, Eavis, Alex, additional, Jarvis, Richard, additional, Avramov, Dima, additional, Griffiths, Paul, additional, Fowles, Aaron, additional, Parkes, Nasreen, additional, MacKenna, Brian, additional, and Goldacre, Ben, additional

Published
2022
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33. Data-driven identification of unusual prescribing behaviour: an analysis and interactive data tool using six months of primary care data from 6500 practices in England

Author

Hopcroft, Lisa EM, primary, Massey, Jon, additional, Curtis, Helen, additional, MacKenna, Brian, additional, Croker, Richard, additional, Macdonald, Orla, additional, Evans, David, additional, Inglesby, Peter, additional, Bacon, Seb, additional, O’Dwyer, Tom, additional, Goldacre, Ben, additional, and Walker, Alex J, additional

Published
2022
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34. Describing the population experiencing COVID-19 vaccine breakthrough following second vaccination in England: a cohort study from OpenSAFELY

Author

OpenSAFELY Collaborative, Green, Amelia, Curtis, Helen, Hulme, William, Williamson, Elizabeth, McDonald, Helen, Bhaskaran, Krishnan, Rentsch, Christopher, Schultze, Anna, MacKenna, Brian, Mahalingasivam, Viyaasan, Tomlinson, Laurie, Walker, Alex, Fisher, Louis, Massey, Jon, Andrews, Colm, Hopcroft, Lisa, Morton, Caroline, Croker, Richard, Morley, Jessica, Mehrkar, Amir, Bacon, Seb, Evans, David, Inglesby, Peter, Hickman, George, Ward, Tom, Davy, Simon, Mathur, Rohini, Tazare, John, Eggo, Rosalind, Wing, Kevin, Wong, Angel, Forbes, Harriet, Bates, Chris, Cockburn, Jonathan, Parry, John, Hester, Frank, Harper, Sam, Douglas, Ian, Evans, Stephen, Smeeth, Liam, and Goldacre, Ben

Abstract

BACKGROUND: While the vaccines against COVID-19 are highly effective, COVID-19 vaccine breakthrough is possible despite being fully vaccinated. With SARS-CoV-2 variants still circulating, describing the characteristics of individuals who have experienced COVID-19 vaccine breakthroughs could be hugely important in helping to determine who may be at greatest risk. METHODS: With the approval of NHS England, we conducted a retrospective cohort study using routine clinical data from the OpenSAFELY-TPP database of fully vaccinated individuals, linked to secondary care and death registry data and described the characteristics of those experiencing COVID-19 vaccine breakthroughs. RESULTS: As of 1st November 2021, a total of 15,501,550 individuals were identified as being fully vaccinated against COVID-19, with a median follow-up time of 149 days (IQR: ​107-179). From within this population, a total of 579,780 (

Published
2022

35. Waning effectiveness of BNT162b2 and ChAdOx1 covid-19 vaccines over six months since second dose: OpenSAFELY cohort study using linked electronic health records

Author

Horne, Elsie M F, primary, Hulme, William J, additional, Keogh, Ruth H, additional, Palmer, Tom M, additional, Williamson, Elizabeth J, additional, Parker, Edward P K, additional, Green, Amelia, additional, Walker, Venexia, additional, Walker, Alex J, additional, Curtis, Helen, additional, Fisher, Louis, additional, MacKenna, Brian, additional, Croker, Richard, additional, Hopcroft, Lisa, additional, Park, Robin Y, additional, Massey, Jon, additional, Morley, Jessica, additional, Mehrkar, Amir, additional, Bacon, Sebastian, additional, Evans, David, additional, Inglesby, Peter, additional, Morton, Caroline E, additional, Hickman, George, additional, Davy, Simon, additional, Ward, Tom, additional, Dillingham, Iain, additional, Goldacre, Ben, additional, Hernán, Miguel A, additional, and Sterne, Jonathan A C, additional

Published
2022
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36. Effectiveness of BNT162b2 booster doses in England: an observational study in OpenSAFELY-TPP

Author

Hulme, William J, primary, Williamson, Elizabeth J, additional, Horne, Elsie, additional, Green, Amelia, additional, Nab, Linda, additional, Keogh, Ruth, additional, Parker, Edward PK, additional, Walker, Venexia, additional, Palmer, Tom, additional, Curtis, Helen, additional, Wiedemann, Milan, additional, Cunningham, Christine, additional, Walker, Alex J, additional, Fisher, Louis, additional, MacKenna, Brian, additional, Rentsch, Christopher T, additional, Schultze, Anna, additional, Bhaskaran, Krishnan, additional, Tazare, John, additional, Tomlinson, Laurie, additional, McDonald, Helen I, additional, Morton, Caroline E, additional, Croker, Richard, additional, Andrews, Colm, additional, Parks, Robin, additional, Hopcroft, Lisa, additional, Massey, Jon, additional, Morley, Jessica, additional, Mehrkar, Amir, additional, Bacon, Seb, additional, Evans, Dave, additional, Inglesby, Peter, additional, Hickman, George, additional, Davy, Simon, additional, Dillingham, Iain, additional, Ward, Tom, additional, Mahalingasivam, Viyasaan, additional, Zheng, Bang, additional, Douglas, Ian J, additional, Evans, Stephen JW, additional, Bates, Chris, additional, Sterne, Jonathan AC, additional, Hernán, Miguel A, additional, and Goldacre, Ben, additional

Published
2022
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37. Changes in English medication safety indicators throughout the COVID-19 pandemic: a federated analysis of 57 million patients’ primary care records in situ using OpenSAFELY

Author

Fisher, Louis, primary, Hopcroft, Lisa E. M., additional, Rodgers, Sarah, additional, Barrett, James, additional, Oliver, Kerry, additional, Avery, Anthony J., additional, Evans, Dai, additional, Curtis, Helen, additional, Croker, Richard, additional, Macdonald, Orla, additional, Morley, Jessica, additional, Mehrkar, Amir, additional, Bacon, Seb, additional, Davy, Simon, additional, Dillingham, Iain, additional, Evans, David, additional, Hickman, George, additional, Inglesby, Peter, additional, Morton, Caroline E., additional, Smith, Becky, additional, Ward, Tom, additional, Hulme, William, additional, Green, Amelia, additional, Massey, Jon, additional, Walker, Alex J., additional, Bates, Chris, additional, Cockburn, Jonathan, additional, Parry, John, additional, Hester, Frank, additional, Harper, Sam, additional, O’Hanlon, Shaun, additional, Eavis, Alex, additional, Jarvis, Richard, additional, Avramov, Dima, additional, Griffiths, Paul, additional, Fowles, Aaron, additional, Parkes, Nasreen, additional, Goldacre, Ben, additional, and MacKenna, Brian, additional

Published
2022
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38. Waning effectiveness of BNT162b2 and ChAdOx1 COVID-19 vaccines over six months since second dose: a cohort study using linked electronic health records

Author

Horne, Elsie MF, primary, Hulme, William J, additional, Keogh, Ruth H, additional, Palmer, Tom M, additional, Williamson, Elizabeth J, additional, Parker, Edward PK, additional, Green, Amelia, additional, Walker, Venexia, additional, Walker, Alex J, additional, Curtis, Helen, additional, Fisher, Louis, additional, MacKenna, Brian, additional, Croker, Richard, additional, Hopcroft, Lisa, additional, Park, Robin Y, additional, Massey, Jon, additional, Morely, Jessica, additional, Mehrkar, Amir, additional, Bacon, Sebastian, additional, Evans, David, additional, Inglesby, Peter, additional, Morton, Caroline E, additional, Hickman, George, additional, Davy, Simon, additional, Ward, Tom, additional, Dillingham, Iain, additional, Goldacre, Ben, additional, Hernan, Miguel A, additional, and Sterne, Jonathan AC, additional

Published
2022
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39. Potentially inappropriate prescribing of DOACs to people with mechanical heart valves: A federated analysis of 57.9 million patients' primary care records in situ using OpenSAFELY

Author

Fisher, Louis, primary, Speed, Victoria, additional, Curtis, Helen J., additional, Rentsch, Christopher T., additional, Wong, Angel Y.S., additional, Schultze, Anna, additional, Massey, Jon, additional, Inglesby, Peter, additional, Morton, Caroline E., additional, Wood, Marion, additional, Walker, Alex J., additional, Morley, Jessica, additional, Mehrkar, Amir, additional, Bacon, Seb, additional, Hickman, George, additional, Bates, Chris, additional, Croker, Richard, additional, Evans, David, additional, Ward, Tom, additional, Cockburn, Jonathan, additional, Davy, Simon, additional, Bhaskaran, Krishnan, additional, Smith, Becky, additional, Williamson, Elizabeth, additional, Hulme, William, additional, Green, Amelia, additional, Eggo, Rosalind M., additional, Forbes, Harriet, additional, Tazare, John, additional, Parry, John, additional, Hester, Frank, additional, Harper, Sam, additional, Meadows, Jonathan, additional, O'Hanlon, Shaun, additional, Eavis, Alex, additional, Jarvis, Richard, additional, Avramov, Dima, additional, Griffiths, Paul, additional, Fowles, Aaron, additional, Parkes, Nasreen, additional, Douglas, Ian J., additional, Evans, Stephen J.W., additional, Smeeth, Liam, additional, MacKenna, Brian, additional, Tomlinson, Laurie, additional, and Goldacre, Ben, additional

Published
2022
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40. Additional file 1 of Describing the population experiencing COVID-19 vaccine breakthrough following second vaccination in England: a cohort study from OpenSAFELY

Author

Green, Amelia, Curtis, Helen, Hulme, William, Williamson, Elizabeth, McDonald, Helen, Bhaskaran, Krishnan, Rentsch, Christopher, Schultze, Anna, MacKenna, Brian, Mahalingasivam, Viyaasan, Tomlinson, Laurie, Walker, Alex, Fisher, Louis, Massey, Jon, Andrews, Colm, Hopcroft, Lisa, Morton, Caroline, Croker, Richard, Morley, Jessica, Mehrkar, Amir, Bacon, Seb, Evans, David, Inglesby, Peter, Hickman, George, Ward, Tom, Davy, Simon, Mathur, Rohini, Tazare, John, Eggo, Rosalind, Wing, Kevin, Wong, Angel, Forbes, Harriet, Bates, Chris, Cockburn, Jonathan, Parry, John, Hester, Frank, Harper, Sam, Douglas, Ian, Evans, Stephen, Smeeth, Liam, and Goldacre, Ben

Abstract

Additional file 1. This additional piece of analysis uses patients with chronic kidney disease to show how rates can be adjusted to demonstrate the public health burden and to help inform decisions around rollout of vaccine/booster programme for patients at high risk of adverse outcomes, Table S1. Number of fully vaccinated (2 doses + 2 weeks) patients with chronic kidney disease by stage, in OpenSAFELY-TPP, and associated crude and adjusted rates of positive SARS-CoV-2 swab test, COVID-19 related hospital admissions, COVID-19 related critical care admissions and COVID-19 related death, broken down by CKD stage.

Published
2022
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41. Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on antipsychotic prescribing in individuals with autism, dementia, learning disability, serious mental illness or living in a care home: a federated analysis of 59 million patients’ primary care records in situ using OpenSAFELY

Author

Macdonald, Orla, Green, Amelia, Walker, Alex, Curtis, Helen, Croker, Richard, Brown, Andrew, Butler-Cole, Ben, Andrews, Colm, Massey, Jon, Inglesby, Peter, Morton, Caroline, Fisher, Louis, Morley, Jessica, Mehrkar, Amir, Bacon, Sebastian, Davy, Simon, Evans, David, Dillingham, Iain, Ward, Tom, Hulme, William, Bates, Chris, Cockburn, Jonathan, Parry, John, Hester, Frank, Harper, Sam, O'Hanlon, Shaun, Eavis, Alex, Jarvis, Richard, Avramov, Dima, Parkes, Nasreen, Wood, Ian, Goldacre, Ben, and Mackenna, Brian

Abstract

BackgroundThe COVID-19 pandemic affected how care was delivered to vulnerable patients, such as those with dementia or learning disability.ObjectiveTo explore whether this affected antipsychotic prescribing in at-risk populations.MethodsWith the approval of NHS England, we completed a retrospective cohort study, using the OpenSAFELY platform to explore primary care data of 59 million patients. We identified patients in five at-risk groups: autism, dementia, learning disability, serious mental illness and care home residents. We calculated the monthly prevalence of antipsychotic prescribing in these groups, as well as the incidence of new prescriptions in each month.FindingsThe average monthly rate of antipsychotic prescribing increased in dementia from 82.75 patients prescribed an antipsychotic per 1000 patients (95% CI 82.30 to 83.19) in January–March 2019 to 90.1 (95% CI 89.68 to 90.60) in October–December 2021 and from 154.61 (95% CI 153.79 to 155.43) to 166.95 (95% CI 166.23 to 167.67) in care homes. There were notable spikes in the rate of new prescriptions issued to patients with dementia and in care homes. In learning disability and autism groups, the rate of prescribing per 1000 decreased from 122.97 (95% CI 122.29 to 123.66) to 119.29 (95% CI 118.68 to 119.91) and from 54.91 (95% CI 54.52 to 55.29) to 51.04 (95% CI 50.74 to 51.35), respectively.Conclusion and implicationsWe observed a spike in antipsychotic prescribing in the dementia and care home groups, which correlated with lockdowns and was likely due to prescribing of antipsychotics for palliative care. We observed gradual increases in antipsychotic use in dementia and care home patients and decreases in their use in patients with learning disability or autism.

Published
2023
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42. Search for those seeking a new life

Author

Massey, Jon

Subjects
Business, Business, international, Food and beverage industries
Abstract

SIR; Are any of your readers about to up sticks, pack in their job, and do what they've always wanted to do? If so, the makers of a new TV [...]

Published
2004

43. COVID-19 and Mental Illnesses in Vaccinated and Unvaccinated People.

Author

Walker VM, Patalay P, Cuitun Coronado JI, Denholm R, Forbes H, Stafford J, Moltrecht B, Palmer T, Walker A, Thompson EJ, Taylor K, Cezard G, Horne EMF, Wei Y, Al Arab M, Knight R, Fisher L, Massey J, Davy S, Mehrkar A, Bacon S, Goldacre B, Wood A, Chaturvedi N, Macleod J, John A, and Sterne JAC

Abstract

Importance: Associations have been found between COVID-19 and subsequent mental illness in both hospital- and population-based studies. However, evidence regarding which mental illnesses are associated with COVID-19 by vaccination status in these populations is limited., Objective: To determine which mental illnesses are associated with diagnosed COVID-19 by vaccination status in both hospitalized patients and the general population., Design, Setting, and Participants: This study was conducted in 3 cohorts, 1 before vaccine availability followed during the wild-type/Alpha variant eras (January 2020-June 2021) and 2 (vaccinated and unvaccinated) during the Delta variant era (June-December 2021). With National Health Service England approval, OpenSAFELY-TPP was used to access linked data from 24 million people registered with general practices in England using TPP SystmOne. People registered with a GP in England for at least 6 months and alive with known age between 18 and 110 years, sex, deprivation index information, and region at baseline were included. People were excluded if they had COVID-19 before baseline. Data were analyzed from July 2022 to June 2024., Exposure: Confirmed COVID-19 diagnosis recorded in primary care secondary care, testing data, or the death registry., Main Outcomes and Measures: Adjusted hazard ratios (aHRs) comparing the incidence of mental illnesses after diagnosis of COVID-19 with the incidence before or without COVID-19 for depression, serious mental illness, general anxiety, posttraumatic stress disorder, eating disorders, addiction, self-harm, and suicide., Results: The largest cohort, the pre-vaccine availability cohort, included 18 648 606 people (9 363 710 [50.2%] female and 9 284 896 [49.8%] male) with a median (IQR) age of 49 (34-64) years. The vaccinated cohort included 14 035 286 individuals (7 308 556 [52.1%] female and 6 726 730 [47.9%] male) with a median (IQR) age of 53 (38-67) years. The unvaccinated cohort included 3 242 215 individuals (1 363 401 [42.1%] female and 1 878 814 [57.9%] male) with a median (IQR) age of 35 (27-46) years. Incidence of most outcomes was elevated during weeks 1 through 4 after COVID-19 diagnosis, compared with before or without COVID-19, in each cohort. Incidence of mental illnesses was lower in the vaccinated cohort compared with the pre-vaccine availability and unvaccinated cohorts: aHRs for depression and serious mental illness during weeks 1 through 4 after COVID-19 were 1.93 (95% CI, 1.88-1.98) and 1.49 (95% CI, 1.41-1.57) in the pre-vaccine availability cohort and 1.79 (95% CI, 1.68-1.90) and 1.45 (95% CI, 1.27-1.65) in the unvaccinated cohort compared with 1.16 (95% CI, 1.12-1.20) and 0.91 (95% CI, 0.85-0.98) in the vaccinated cohort. Elevation in incidence was higher and persisted longer after hospitalization for COVID-19., Conclusions and Relevance: In this study, incidence of mental illnesses was elevated for up to a year following severe COVID-19 in unvaccinated people. These findings suggest that vaccination may mitigate the adverse effects of COVID-19 on mental health.

Published
2024
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44. Changes in opioid prescribing during the COVID-19 pandemic in England: an interrupted time-series analysis in the OpenSAFELY-TTP cohort.

Author

Schaffer AL, Andrews CD, Brown AD, Croker R, Hulme WJ, Nab L, Quinlan J, Speed V, Wood C, Wiedemann M, Massey J, Inglesby P, Bacon SCJ, Mehrkar A, Bates C, Goldacre B, Walker AJ, and MacKenna B

Subjects
Humans, England epidemiology, Male, Female, Middle Aged, Aged, Adult, Drug Prescriptions statistics & numerical data, Young Adult, Cohort Studies, Adolescent, Aged, 80 and over, Pandemics, COVID-19 epidemiology, Interrupted Time Series Analysis, Analgesics, Opioid therapeutic use, Practice Patterns, Physicians' statistics & numerical data
Abstract

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic disrupted health-care delivery, including difficulty accessing in-person care, which could have increased the need for strong pharmacological pain relief. Due to the risks associated with overprescribing of opioids, especially to vulnerable populations, we aimed to quantify changes to measures during the COVID-19 pandemic, overall, and by key subgroups., Methods: For this interrupted time-series analysis study conducted in England, with National Health Service England approval, we used routine clinical data from more than 20 million general practice adult patients in OpenSAFELY-TPP, which is a a secure software platform for analysis of electronic health records. We included all adults registered with a primary care practice using TPP-SystmOne software. Using interrupted time-series analysis, we quantified prevalent and new opioid prescribing before the COVID-19 pandemic (January, 2018-February, 2020), during the lockdown (March, 2020-March, 2021), and recovery periods (April, 2021-June, 2022), overall and stratified by demographics (age, sex, deprivation, ethnicity, and geographical region) and in people in care homes identified via an address-matching algorithm., Findings: There was little change in prevalent prescribing during the pandemic, except for a temporary increase in March, 2020. We observed a 9·8% (95% CI -14·5 to -6·5) reduction in new opioid prescribing from March, 2020, with a levelling of the downward trend, and rebounding slightly after April, 2021 (4·1%, 95% CI -0·9 to 9·4). Opioid prescribing rates varied by demographics, but we found a reduction in new prescribing for all subgroups except people aged 80 years or older. Among care home residents, in April, 2020, parenteral opioid prescribing increased by 186·3% (153·1 to 223·9)., Interpretation: Opioid prescribing increased temporarily among older people and care home residents, likely reflecting use to treat end-of-life COVID-19 symptoms. Despite vulnerable populations being more affected by health-care disruptions, disparities in opioid prescribing by most demographic subgroups did not widen during the pandemic. Further research is needed to understand what is driving the changes in new opioid prescribing and its relation to changes to health-care provision during the pandemic., Funding: The Wellcome Trust, Medical Research Council, The National Institute for Health and Care Research, UK Research and Innovation, and Health Data Research UK., Competing Interests: Declaration of interests BG has received research funding from the Bennett Foundation, the Laura and John Arnold Foundation, the National Health Service (NHS), The National Institute for Health and Care Research (NIHR), the NIHR School of Primary Care Research, NHS England, the NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, the Mohn–Westlake Foundation, NIHR Applied Research Collaboration Oxford and Thames Valley, the Wellcome Trust, the Good Thinking Foundation, Health Data Research UK, the Health Foundation, WHO, UK Research and Innovation Medical Research Council, Asthma UK, the British Lung Foundation, and the Longitudinal Health and Wellbeing strand of the National Core Studies programme; has previously been a Non-Executive Director at NHS Digital; and has received personal income from speaking and writing for lay audiences on the misuse of science. BM is employed by NHS England working on medicines policy and is clinical lead for primary care medicines data. AM has represented the Royal College of General Practitioners in the health informatics group and the Profession Advisory Group that advises on access to GP Data for Pandemic Planning and Research, of which the latter was a paid role. AM is a former employee and interim Chief Medical Officer of NHS Digital; and has consulted for health-care vendors, the last time being in 2022. The companies consulted in the last 3 years have no relationship to OpenSAFELY., (Copyright © 2024 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Ltd. This is an Open Access article under the CC BY 4.0 license. Published by Elsevier Ltd.. All rights reserved.)

Published
2024
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45. Trends in inequalities in avoidable hospitalisations across the COVID-19 pandemic: a cohort study of 23.5 million people in England.

Author

Green MA, McKee M, Massey J, Mackenna B, Mehrkar A, Bacon S, Macleod J, Sheikh A, Shah SA, and Katikireddi SV

Subjects
Humans, Cohort Studies, Communicable Disease Control, Cross-Sectional Studies, Pandemics, England epidemiology, Hospitalization, COVID-19 epidemiology
Abstract

Objective: To determine whether periods of disruption were associated with increased 'avoidable' hospital admissions and wider social inequalities in England., Design: Observational repeated cross-sectional study., Setting: England (January 2019 to March 2022)., Participants: With the approval of NHS England we used individual-level electronic health records from OpenSAFELY, which covered ~40% of general practices in England (mean monthly population size 23.5 million people)., Primary and Secondary Outcome Measures: We estimated crude and directly age-standardised rates for potentially preventable unplanned hospital admissions: ambulatory care sensitive conditions and urgent emergency sensitive conditions. We considered how trends in these outcomes varied by three measures of social and spatial inequality: neighbourhood socioeconomic deprivation, ethnicity and geographical region., Results: There were large declines in avoidable hospitalisations during the first national lockdown (March to May 2020). Trends increased post-lockdown but never reached 2019 levels. The exception to these trends was for vaccine-preventable ambulatory care sensitive admissions which remained low throughout 2020-2021. While trends were consistent by each measure of inequality, absolute levels of inequalities narrowed across levels of neighbourhood socioeconomic deprivation, Asian ethnicity (compared with white ethnicity) and geographical region (especially in northern regions)., Conclusions: We found no evidence that periods of healthcare disruption from the COVID-19 pandemic resulted in more avoidable hospitalisations. Falling avoidable hospital admissions has coincided with declining inequalities most strongly by level of deprivation, but also for Asian ethnic groups and northern regions of England., Competing Interests: Competing interests: None declared., (© Author(s) (or their employer(s)) 2024. Re-use permitted under CC BY. Published by BMJ.)

Published
2024
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