35,802 results on '"Masi, A"'
Search Results
2. Spectral Imaging with QUBIC: building astrophysical components from Time-Ordered-Data using Bolometric Interferometry
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Regnier, M., Laclavere, T., Hamilton, J-Ch., Bunn, E., Chabirand, V., Chanial, P., Goetz, L., Kardum, L., Masson, P., Granese, N. Miron, Scóccola, C. G., Torchinsky, S. A., Battistelli, E., Bersanelli, M., Columbro, F., Coppolecchia, A., Costanza, B., De Bernardis, P., De Gasperis, G., Ferazzoli, S., Flood, A., Ganga, K., Gervasi, M., Grandsire, L., Manzan, E ., Masi, S., Mennella, A., Mousset, L., O'Sullivan, C., Paiella, A., Piacentini, F., Piat, M., Piccirillo, L., Rasztocky, E., Stolpovskiy, M., and Zannoni, M.
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Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics - Abstract
The detection of B-modes in the CMB polarization pattern is a major issue in modern cosmology and must therefore be handled with analytical methods that produce reliable results. We describe a method that uses the frequency dependency of the QUBIC synthesized beam to perform component separation at the map-making stage, to obtain more precise results. We aim to demonstrate the feasibility of component separation during the map-making stage in time domain space. This new technique leads to a more accurate description of the data and reduces the biases in cosmological analysis. The method uses a library for highly parallel computation which facilitates the programming and permits the description of experiments as easily manipulated operators. These operators can be combined to obtain a joint analysis using several experiments leading to maximized precision. The results show that the method works well and permits end-to-end analysis for the CMB experiments, and in particular, for QUBIC. The method includes astrophysical foregrounds, and also systematic effects like gain variation in the detectors. We developed a software pipeline that produces uncertainties on tensor-to-scalar ratio at the level of $\sigma(r) \sim 0.023$ using only QUBIC simulated data., Comment: 15 pages, 13 figures
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- 2024
3. Spectral Imaging with QUBIC: building frequency maps from Time-Ordered-Data using Bolometric Interferometry
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Chanial, P., Regnier, M., Hamilton, J-Ch., Bunn, E., Chabirand, V., Flood, A., Lerena, M. M. Gamboa, Kardum, L., Laclavere, T., Manzan, E ., Mousset, L., Stolpovskiy, M., Torchinsky, S. A., Battistelli, E., Bersanelli, M., Columbro, F., Coppolecchia, A., Costanza, B., De Bernardis, P., De Gasperis, G., Ferazzoli, S., Ganga, K., Gervasi, M., Grandsire, L., Masi, S., Mennella, A., Granese, N. Miron, O'Sullivan, C., Paiella, A., Piacentini, F., Piat, M., Piccirillo, L., Rasztocky, E., Scóccola, C. G., and Zannoni, M.
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Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics - Abstract
The search for relics from the inflation era in the form of B-mode polarization of the CMB is a major challenge in cosmology. The main obstacle appears to come from the complexity of Galactic foregrounds that need to be removed. Multi-frequency observations are key to mitigating their contamination and mapping primordial fluctuations. We present "Spectral-Imaging", a method to reconstruct sub-frequency maps of the CMB polarization within the instrument's physical bandwidth, a unique feature of Bolometric Interferometry that could be crucial for foreground mitigation as it provides an increased spectral resolution. Our technique uses the frequency evolution of the shape of the Bolometric Interferometer's synthesized beam to reconstruct frequency information from the time domain data. We reconstruct sub-frequency maps using an inverse problem approach based on detailed modeling of the instrument acquisition. We use external data to regularize the convergence of the estimator and account for bandpass mismatch and varying angular resolution. The reconstructed maps are unbiased and allow exploiting the spectral-imaging capacity of QUBIC. Using end-to-end simulations of the QUBIC instrument, we perform a cross-spectra analysis to extract a forecast on the tensor-to-scalar ratio constraint of $\sigma(r) = 0.0225$ after component separation., Comment: 14 pages, 8 figures
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- 2024
4. Perturb, Attend, Detect and Localize (PADL): Robust Proactive Image Defense
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Bartolucci, Filippo, Masi, Iacopo, and Lisanti, Giuseppe
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Computer Science - Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition - Abstract
Image manipulation detection and localization have received considerable attention from the research community given the blooming of Generative Models (GMs). Detection methods that follow a passive approach may overfit to specific GMs, limiting their application in real-world scenarios, due to the growing diversity of generative models. Recently, approaches based on a proactive framework have shown the possibility of dealing with this limitation. However, these methods suffer from two main limitations, which raises concerns about potential vulnerabilities: i) the manipulation detector is not robust to noise and hence can be easily fooled; ii) the fact that they rely on fixed perturbations for image protection offers a predictable exploit for malicious attackers, enabling them to reverse-engineer and evade detection. To overcome this issue we propose PADL, a new solution able to generate image-specific perturbations using a symmetric scheme of encoding and decoding based on cross-attention, which drastically reduces the possibility of reverse engineering, even when evaluated with adaptive attack [31]. Additionally, PADL is able to pinpoint manipulated areas, facilitating the identification of specific regions that have undergone alterations, and has more generalization power than prior art on held-out generative models. Indeed, although being trained only on an attribute manipulation GAN model [15], our method generalizes to a range of unseen models with diverse architectural designs, such as StarGANv2, BlendGAN, DiffAE, StableDiffusion and StableDiffusionXL. Additionally, we introduce a novel evaluation protocol, which offers a fair evaluation of localisation performance in function of detection accuracy and better captures real-world scenarios.
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- 2024
5. Multi-dimensional optimisation of the scanning strategy for the LiteBIRD space mission
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Takase, Y., Vacher, L., Ishino, H., Patanchon, G., Montier, L., Stever, S. L., Ishizaka, K., Nagano, Y., Wang, W., Aumont, J., Aizawa, K., Anand, A., Baccigalupi, C., Ballardini, M., Banday, A. J., Barreiro, R. B., Bartolo, N., Basak, S., Bersanelli, M., Bortolami, M., Brinckmann, T., Calabrese, E., Campeti, P., Carinos, E., Carones, A., Casas, F. J., Cheung, K., Clermont, L., Columbro, F., Coppolecchia, A., Cuttaia, F., de Bernardis, P., de Haan, T., de la Hoz, E., Della Torre, S., Diego-Palazuelos, P., D'Alessandro, G., Eriksen, H. K., Errard, J., Finelli, F., Fuskeland, U., Galloni, G., Galloway, M., Gervasi, M., Ghigna, T., Giardiello, S., Gimeno-Amo, C., Gjerløw, E., González, R. González, Gruppuso, A., Hazumi, M., Henrot-Versillé, S., Hergt, L. T., Ikuma, K., Kohri, K., Lamagna, L., Lattanzi, M., Leloup, C., Lembo, M., Levrier, F., Lonappan, A. I., López-Caniego, M., Luzzi, G., Maffei, B., Martínez-González, E., Masi, S., Matarrese, S., Matsuda, F. T., Matsumura, T., Micheli, S., Migliaccio, M., Monelli, M., Morgante, G., Mot, B., Nagata, R., Namikawa, T., Novelli, A., Odagiri, K., Oguri, S., Omae, R., Pagano, L., Paoletti, D., Piacentini, F., Pinchera, M., Polenta, G., Porcelli, L., Raffuzzi, N., Remazeilles, M., Ritacco, A., Ruiz-Granda, M., Sakurai, Y., Scott, D., Sekimoto, Y., Shiraishi, M., Signorelli, G., Sullivan, R. M., Takakura, H., Terenzi, L., Tomasi, M., Tristram, M., van Tent, B., Vielva, P., Wehus, I. K., Westbrook, B., Weymann-Despres, G., Wollack, E. J., Zannoni, M., and Zhou, Y.
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Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics ,Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics - Abstract
Large angular scale surveys in the absence of atmosphere are essential for measuring the primordial $B$-mode power spectrum of the Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB). Since this proposed measurement is about three to four orders of magnitude fainter than the temperature anisotropies of the CMB, in-flight calibration of the instruments and active suppression of systematic effects are crucial. We investigate the effect of changing the parameters of the scanning strategy on the in-flight calibration effectiveness, the suppression of the systematic effects themselves, and the ability to distinguish systematic effects by null-tests. Next-generation missions such as LiteBIRD, modulated by a Half-Wave Plate (HWP), will be able to observe polarisation using a single detector, eliminating the need to combine several detectors to measure polarisation, as done in many previous experiments and hence avoiding the consequent systematic effects. While the HWP is expected to suppress many systematic effects, some of them will remain. We use an analytical approach to comprehensively address the mitigation of these systematic effects and identify the characteristics of scanning strategies that are the most effective for implementing a variety of calibration strategies in the multi-dimensional space of common spacecraft scan parameters. We also present Falcons, a fast spacecraft scanning simulator that we developed to investigate this scanning parameter space.
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- 2024
6. miniBLAST: a novel experimental setup for laboratory testing of structures under blast loads
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Morsel, Ahmad, Masi, Filippo, Marché, Emmanuel, Racineux, Guillaume, Kotronis, Panagiotis, and Stefanou, Ioannis
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Physics - Classical Physics ,Physics - Fluid Dynamics - Abstract
We present a novel experimental setup called miniBLAST, which enables systematic and repeatable laboratory tests of structures subjected to blast loads. The explosive source is based on the discharge of high electrical loads on a thin conductor, producing repeatable blast-type shock waves of controlled intensity. Conducting blast experiments under safe laboratory conditions offers significant advantages over large-scale experiments, which are expensive, require specialized personnel, are limited in number, and face repeatability issues. In this work, we provide a comprehensive description of the setup's design rationale and technical characteristics. Moreover, we place particular emphasis on the installation phases, safety, and metrology. The explosive source is analyzed and the signature of blast shock waves is retrieved. Finally, we present an example of a masonry wall subjected to blast loads of varying intensity. We then report its dynamic response in three dimensions and at different time instances. This new experimental setup offers a cost-effective, safe, and repeatable method to study structural dynamics under blast loads, with results that can be upscaled to real structures. It also aids in evaluating numerical models and lays the groundwork for further investigations into blast effects and mitigation.
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- 2024
7. Restore Public Trust by Navigating Information Challenges
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Page, Sarah E, Fennell, Benjamin D, Fulmer, Alice H, Lee‐Masi, Monica, Dixit, Fuhar, and Vlad, Silvia
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Environmental Management ,Engineering ,Environmental Sciences ,Chemical Engineering ,Civil Engineering ,Environmental Engineering ,Chemical engineering ,Civil engineering ,Environmental management - Published
- 2024
8. LiteBIRD Science Goals and Forecasts. Mapping the Hot Gas in the Universe
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Remazeilles, M., Douspis, M., Rubiño-Martín, J. A., Banday, A. J., Chluba, J., de Bernardis, P., De Petris, M., Hernández-Monteagudo, C., Luzzi, G., Macias-Perez, J., Masi, S., Namikawa, T., Salvati, L., Tanimura, H., Aizawa, K., Anand, A., Aumont, J., Baccigalupi, C., Ballardini, M., Barreiro, R. B., Bartolo, N., Basak, S., Bersanelli, M., Blinov, D., Bortolami, M., Brinckmann, T., Calabrese, E., Campeti, P., Carinos, E., Carones, A., Casas, F. J., Cheung, K., Clermont, L., Columbro, F., Coppolecchia, A., Cuttaia, F., de Haan, T., de la Hoz, E., Della Torre, S., Diego-Palazuelos, P., D'Alessandro, G., Eriksen, H. K., Fuskeland, U., Galloni, G., Galloway, M., Gervasi, M., Génova-Santos, R. T., Ghigna, T., Giardiello, S., Gimeno-Amo, C., Gjerløw, E., González, R. González, Gruppuso, A., Hazumi, M., Henrot-Versillé, S., Hergt, L. T., Herranz, D., Kohri, K., Komatsu, E., Lamagna, L., Lattanzi, M., Leloup, C., Levrier, F., Lonappan, A. I., López-Caniego, M., Maffei, B., Martínez-González, E., Matarrese, S., Matsumura, T., Micheli, S., Migliaccio, M., Monelli, M., Montier, L., Morgante, G., Nagano, Y., Nagata, R., Novelli, A., Omae, R., Pagano, L., Paoletti, D., Pavlidou, V., Piacentini, F., Pinchera, M., Polenta, G., Porcelli, L., Ritacco, A., Ruiz-Granda, M., Sakurai, Y., Scott, D., Shiraishi, M., Stever, S. L., Sullivan, R. M., Takase, Y., Tassis, K., Terenzi, L., Tomasi, M., Tristram, M., Vacher, L., van Tent, B., Vielva, P., Wehus, I. K., Westbrook, B., Weymann-Despres, G., Wollack, E. J., Zannoni, M., and Zhou, Y.
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Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics - Abstract
We assess the capabilities of the LiteBIRD mission to map the hot gas distribution in the Universe through the thermal Sunyaev-Zeldovich (SZ) effect. Our analysis relies on comprehensive simulations incorporating various sources of Galactic and extragalactic foreground emission, while accounting for specific instrumental characteristics of LiteBIRD, such as detector sensitivities, frequency-dependent beam convolution, inhomogeneous sky scanning, and $1/f$ noise. We implement a tailored component-separation pipeline to map the thermal SZ Compton $y$-parameter over 98% of the sky. Despite lower angular resolution for galaxy cluster science, LiteBIRD provides full-sky coverage and, compared to the Planck satellite, enhanced sensitivity, as well as more frequency bands to enable the construction of an all-sky $y$-map, with reduced foreground contamination at large and intermediate angular scales. By combining LiteBIRD and Planck channels in the component-separation pipeline, we obtain an optimal $y$-map that leverages the advantages of both experiments, with the higher angular resolution of the Planck channels enabling the recovery of compact clusters beyond the LiteBIRD beam limitations, and the numerous sensitive LiteBIRD channels further mitigating foregrounds. The added value of LiteBIRD is highlighted through the examination of maps, power spectra, and one-point statistics of the various sky components. After component separation, the $1/f$ noise from LiteBIRD is effectively mitigated below the thermal SZ signal at all multipoles. Cosmological constraints on $S_8=\sigma_8\left(\Omega_{\rm m}/0.3\right)^{0.5}$ obtained from the LiteBIRD-Planck combined $y$-map power spectrum exhibits a 15% reduction in uncertainty compared to constraints from Planck alone. This improvement can be attributed to the increased portion of uncontaminated sky available in the LiteBIRD-Planck combined $y$-map., Comment: 38 pages, 13 figures, abstract shortened, submitted to JCAP
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- 2024
9. Systematic effects induced by half-wave plate differential optical load and TES nonlinearity for LiteBIRD
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Micheli, Silvia, de Haan, Tijmen, Ghigna, Tommaso, Novelli, Alessandro, Piacentini, Francesco, Pisano, Giampaolo, Columbro, Fabio, Coppolecchia, Alessandro, D'Alessandro, Giuseppe, de Bernardis, Paolo, Lamagna, Luca, Marchitelli, Elisabetta, Masi, Silvia, Occhiuzzi, Andrea, and Paiella, Alessandro
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Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics ,Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics - Abstract
LiteBIRD, a forthcoming satellite mission, aims to measure the polarization of the Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) across the entire sky. The experiment will employ three telescopes, Transition-Edge Sensor (TES) bolometers and rotating Half-Wave Plates (HWPs) at cryogenic temperatures to ensure high sensitivity and systematic effects mitigation. This study is focused on the Mid- and High-Frequency Telescopes (MHFT), which will use rotating metal mesh HWPs. We investigate how power variations due to HWP differential emissivity and transmittance combine with TES nonlinear responsivity, resulting in an effective instrumental polarization. We present the results of simulations for the current HWP design, modeling the TES deviation from linearity as a second-order response. We quantify the level of acceptable residual nonlinearity assuming the mission requirement on the tensor-to-scalar ratio, $\delta r < 0.001$. Moreover, we provide an accuracy requirement on the measurement of TES responsivity nonlinearity level for MHFT channels. Lastly, we present possible mitigation methods that will be developed in future studies., Comment: Proceedings of SPIE Astronomical Telescopes + Instrumentation 2024
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- 2024
10. Measurement and analysis of the $^{246}$Cm and $^{248}$Cm neutron capture cross-sections at the EAR2 of the n TOF facility
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Alcayne, V., Kimura, A., Mendoza, E., Cano-Ott, D., Aberle, O., Álvarez-Velarde, F., Amaducci, S., Andrzejewski, J., Audouin, L., Bécares, V., Babiano-Suarez, V., Bacak, M., Barbagallo, M., Bečvář, F., Bellia, G., Berthoumieux, E., Billowes, J., Bosnar, D., Brown, A., Busso, M., Caamaño, M., Caballero-Ontanaya, L., Calviño, F., Calviani, M., Casanovas, A., Cerutti, F., Chen, Y. H., Chiaveri, E., Colonna, N., Cortés, G., Cortés-Giraldo, M. A., Cosentino, L., Cristallo, S., Damone, L. A., Diakaki, M., Dietz, M., Domingo-Pardo, C., Dressler, R., Dupont, E., Durán, I., Eleme, Z., Fernández-Domınguez, B., Ferrari, A., Finocchiaro, P., Furman, V., Göbel, K., Garg, R., Gawlik-Ramiega, A., Gilardoni, S., Glodariu, T., Gonçalves, I. F., González-Romero, E., Guerrero, C., Gunsing, F., Harada, H., Heinitz, S., Heyse, J., Jenkins, D. G., Jericha, E., Käppeler, F., Kadi, Y., Kivel, N., Kokkoris, M., Kopatch, Y., Krtička, M., Kurtulgil, D., Ladarescu, I., Lederer-Woods, C., Leeb, H., Lerendegui-Marco, J., Meo, S. Lo, Lonsdale, S. J., Macina, D., Manna, A., Martınez, T., Masi, A., Massimi, C., Mastinu, P., Mastromarco, M., Matteucci, F., Maugeri, E. A., Mazzone, A., Mengoni, A., Michalopoulou, V., Milazzo, P. M., Mingrone, F., Musumarra, A., Negret, A., Nolte, R., Ogállar, F., Oprea, A., Patronis, N., Pavlik, A., de Rada, A. Pérez, Perkowski, J., Persanti, L., Porras, I., Praena, J., Quesada, J. M., Radeck, D., Ramos-Doval, D., Rauscher, T., Reifarth, R., Rochman, D., Romanets, Y., Rubbia, C., Sabaté-Gilarte, M., Saxena, A., Schillebeeckx, P., Schumann, D., Smith, A. G., Sosnin, N. V., Stamatopoulos, A., Tagliente, G., Tain, J. L., Talip, T., Tarifeño-Saldivia, A., Tassan-Got, L., Torres-Sánchez, P., Tsinganis, A., Ulrich, J., Urlass, S., Valenta, S., Vannini, G., Variale, V., Vaz, P., Ventura, A., Vlachoudis, V., Vlastou, R., Wallner, A., Woods, P. J., Wright, T., and Žugec, P.
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Nuclear Experiment - Abstract
The $^{246}$Cm(n,$\gamma$) and $^{248}$Cm(n,$\gamma$) cross-sections have been measured at the Experimental Area 2 (EAR2) of the n_TOF facility at CERN with three C$_6$D$_6$ detectors. This measurement is part of a collective effort to improve the capture cross-section data for Minor Actinides (MAs), which are required to estimate the production and transmutation rates of these isotopes in light water reactors and innovative reactor systems. In particular, the neutron capture in $^{246}$Cm and $^{248}$Cm open the path for the formation of other Cm isotopes and heavier elements such as Bk and Cf and the knowledge of (n,$\gamma$) cross-sections of these Cm isotopes plays an important role in the transport, transmutation and storage of the spent nuclear fuel. The reactions $^{246}$Cm(n,$\gamma$) and $^{248}$Cm(n,$\gamma$) have been the two first capture measurements analyzed at n_TOF EAR2. Until this experiment and two recent measurements performed at J-PARC, there was only one set of data of the capture cross-sections of $^{246}$Cm and $^{248}$Cm, that was obtained in 1969 in an underground nuclear explosion experiment. In the measurement at n_TOF a total of 13 resonances of $^{246}$Cm between 4 and 400 eV and 5 of $^{248}$Cm between 7 and 100 eV have been identified and fitted. The radiative kernels obtained for $^{246}$Cm are compatible with JENDL-5, but some of them are not with JENDL-4, which has been adopted by JEFF-3.3 and ENDF/B-VIII.0. The radiative kernels obtained for the first three $^{248}$Cm resonances are compatible with JENDL-5, however, the other two are not compatible with any other evaluation and are 20% and 60% larger than JENDL-5.
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- 2024
11. Shedding More Light on Robust Classifiers under the lens of Energy-based Models
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Mirza, Mujtaba Hussain, Briglia, Maria Rosaria, Beadini, Senad, and Masi, Iacopo
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Computer Science - Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition ,Computer Science - Machine Learning - Abstract
By reinterpreting a robust discriminative classifier as Energy-based Model (EBM), we offer a new take on the dynamics of adversarial training (AT). Our analysis of the energy landscape during AT reveals that untargeted attacks generate adversarial images much more in-distribution (lower energy) than the original data from the point of view of the model. Conversely, we observe the opposite for targeted attacks. On the ground of our thorough analysis, we present new theoretical and practical results that show how interpreting AT energy dynamics unlocks a better understanding: (1) AT dynamic is governed by three phases and robust overfitting occurs in the third phase with a drastic divergence between natural and adversarial energies (2) by rewriting the loss of TRadeoff-inspired Adversarial DEfense via Surrogate-loss minimization (TRADES) in terms of energies, we show that TRADES implicitly alleviates overfitting by means of aligning the natural energy with the adversarial one (3) we empirically show that all recent state-of-the-art robust classifiers are smoothing the energy landscape and we reconcile a variety of studies about understanding AT and weighting the loss function under the umbrella of EBMs. Motivated by rigorous evidence, we propose Weighted Energy Adversarial Training (WEAT), a novel sample weighting scheme that yields robust accuracy matching the state-of-the-art on multiple benchmarks such as CIFAR-10 and SVHN and going beyond in CIFAR-100 and Tiny-ImageNet. We further show that robust classifiers vary in the intensity and quality of their generative capabilities, and offer a simple method to push this capability, reaching a remarkable Inception Score (IS) and FID using a robust classifier without training for generative modeling. The code to reproduce our results is available at http://github.com/OmnAI-Lab/Robust-Classifiers-under-the-lens-of-EBM/ ., Comment: Accepted at European Conference on Computer Vision (ECCV) 2024
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- 2024
12. Wireless teleoperation of HSURF artificial fish in complex paths
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Iacoponi, Saverio, Mankovskii, Nikita, Hanbaly, Mohammed El, Infanti, Andrea, Alhajeri, Shamma, Renda, Federico, Stefanini, Cesare, and De Masi, Giulia
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Computer Science - Robotics - Abstract
In this paper we show the application of the new robotic multi-platform system HSURF to a specific use case of teleoperation, aimed at monitoring and inspection. The HSURF system, consists of 3 different kinds of platforms: floater, sinker and robotic fishes. The collaborative control of the 3 platforms allows a remotely based operator to control the fish in order to visit and inspect several targets underwater following a complex trajectory. A shared autonomy solution shows to be the most suitable, in order to minimize the effect of limited bandwidth and relevant delay intrinsic to acoustic communications. The control architecture is described and preliminary results of the acoustically teleoperated visits of multiple targets in a testing pool are provided.
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- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
13. Underwater Human-Robot and Human-Swarm Interaction: A Review and Perspective
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Aldhaheri, Sara, Renda, Federico, and De Masi, Giulia
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Computer Science - Robotics - Abstract
There has been a growing interest in extending the capabilities of autonomous underwater vehicles (AUVs) in subsea missions, particularly in integrating underwater human-robot interaction (UHRI) for control. UHRI and its subfield,underwater gesture recognition (UGR), play a significant role in enhancing diver-robot communication for marine research. This review explores the latest developments in UHRI and examines its promising applications for multi-robot systems. With the developments in UGR, opportunities are presented for underwater robots to work alongside human divers to increase their functionality. Human gestures creates a seamless and safe collaborative environment where divers and robots can interact more efficiently. By highlighting the state-of-the-art in this field, we can potentially encourage advancements in underwater multi-robot system (UMRS) blending the natural communication channels of human-robot interaction with the multi-faceted coordination capabilities of underwater swarms,thus enhancing robustness in complex aquatic environments., Comment: OCEANS 2024-Singapore, 1-9
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- 2024
14. Measuring the CMB spectral distortions with COSMO: the multi-mode antenna system
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Manzan, E., Albano, L., Franceschet, C., Battistelli, E. S., de Bernardis, P., Bersanelli, M., Cacciotti, F., Capponi, A., Columbro, F., Conenna, G., Coppi, G., Coppolecchia, A., D'Alessandro, G., De Gasperis, G., De Petris, M., Gervasi, M., Isopi, G., Lamagna, L., Limonta, A., Marchitelli, E., Masi, S., Mennella, A., Montonati, F., Nati, F., Occhiuzzi, A., Paiella, A., Pettinari, G., Piacentini, F., Piccirillo, L., Pisano, G., Tucker, C., and Zannoni, M.
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Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics ,Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics - Abstract
In this work, we present the design and manufacturing of the two multi-mode antenna arrays of the COSMO experiment and the preliminary beam pattern measurements of their fundamental mode compared with simulations. COSMO is a cryogenic Martin-Puplett Fourier Transform Spectrometer that aims at measuring the isotropic y-type spectral distortion of the Cosmic Microwave Background from Antarctica, by performing differential measurements between the sky and an internal, cryogenic reference blackbody. To reduce the atmospheric contribution, a spinning wedge mirror performs fast sky-dips at varying elevations while fast, low-noise Kinetic Inductance detectors scan the interferogram. Two arrays of antennas couple the radiation to the detectors. Each array consists of nine smooth-walled multi-mode feed-horns, operating in the $120-180$ GHz and $210-300$ GHz range, respectively. The multi-mode propagation helps increase the instrumental sensitivity without employing large focal planes with hundreds of detectors. The two arrays have a step-linear and a linear profile, respectively, and are obtained by superimposing aluminum plates made with CNC milling. The simulated multi-mode beam pattern has a $\sim 20^{\circ} - 26^{\circ}$ FWHM for the low-frequency array and $\sim 16^{\circ}$ FWHM for the high-frequency one. The side lobes are below $-15$ dB. To characterize the antenna response, we measured the beam pattern of the fundamental mode using a Vector Network Analyzer, in far-field conditions inside an anechoic chamber at room temperature. We completed the measurements of the low-frequency array and found a good agreement with the simulations. We also identified a few non-idealities that we attribute to the measuring setup and will further investigate. A comprehensive multi-mode measurement will be feasible at cryogenic temperature once the full receiver is integrated., Comment: To appear in Proceedings of the SPIE Astronomical Telescopes + Instrumentation, 2024
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- 2024
15. The LiteBIRD mission to explore cosmic inflation
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Ghigna, T., Adler, A., Aizawa, K., Akamatsu, H., Akizawa, R., Allys, E., Anand, A., Aumont, J., Austermann, J., Azzoni, S., Baccigalupi, C., Ballardini, M., Banday, A. J., Barreiro, R. B., Bartolo, N., Basak, S., Basyrov, A., Beckman, S., Bersanelli, M., Bortolami, M., Bouchet, F., Brinckmann, T., Campeti, P., Carinos, E., Carones, A., Casas, F. J., Cheung, K., Chinone, Y., Clermont, L., Columbro, F., Coppolecchia, A., Curtis, D., de Bernardis, P., de Haan, T., de la Hoz, E., De Petris, M., Della Torre, S., Monache, G. Delle, Di Giorgi, E., Dickinson, C., Diego-Palazuelos, P., García, J. J. Díaz, Dobbs, M., Dotani, T., D'Alessandro, G., Eriksen, H. K., Errard, J., Essinger-Hileman, T., Farias, N., Ferreira, E., Franceschet, C., Fuskeland, U., Galloni, G., Galloway, M., Ganga, K., Gerbino, M., Gervasi, M., Génova-Santos, R. T., Giardiello, S., Gimeno-Amo, C., Gjerløw, E., González, R. González, Grandsire, L., Gruppuso, A., Halverson, N. W., Hargrave, P., Harper, S. E., Hazumi, M., Henrot-Versillé, S., Hergt, L. T., Herranz, D., Hivon, E., Hlozek, R. A., Hoang, T. D., Hubmayr, J., Ichiki, K., Ikuma, K., Ishino, H., Jaehnig, G., Jost, B., Kohri, K., Konishi, K., Lamagna, L., Lattanzi, M., Leloup, C., Levrier, F., Lonappan, A. I., Luzzi, G., Macias-Perez, J., Maffei, B., Marchitelli, E., Martínez-González, E., Masi, S., Matarrese, S., Matsumura, T., Micheli, S., Migliaccio, M., Monelli, M., Montier, L., Morgante, G., Mousset, L., Nagano, Y., Nagata, R., Natoli, P., Novelli, A., Noviello, F., Obata, I., Occhiuzzi, A., Odagiri, K., Omae, R., Pagano, L., Paiella, A., Paoletti, D., Pascual-Cisneros, G., Patanchon, G., Pavlidou, V., Piacentini, F., Piat, M., Piccirilli, G., Pinchera, M., Pisano, G., Porcelli, L., Raffuzzi, N., Raum, C., Remazeilles, M., Ritacco, A., Rubino-Martin, J., Ruiz-Granda, M., Sakurai, Y., Savini, G., Scott, D., Sekimoto, Y., Shiraishi, M., Signorelli, G., Stever, S. L., Sullivan, R. M., Suzuki, A., Takaku, R., Takakura, H., Takakura, S., Tartari, Y. Takase. A., Tassis, K., Thompson, K. L., Tomasi, M., Tristram, M., Tucker, C., Vacher, L., van Tent, B., Vielva, P., Watanuki, K., Wehus, I. K., Westbrook, B., Weymann-Despres, G., Winter, B., Wollack, E. J., Zacchei, A., Zannoni, M., Zhou, Y., and Collaboration, the LiteBIRD
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Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics ,Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics ,Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors - Abstract
LiteBIRD, the next-generation cosmic microwave background (CMB) experiment, aims for a launch in Japan's fiscal year 2032, marking a major advancement in the exploration of primordial cosmology and fundamental physics. Orbiting the Sun-Earth Lagrangian point L2, this JAXA-led strategic L-class mission will conduct a comprehensive mapping of the CMB polarization across the entire sky. During its 3-year mission, LiteBIRD will employ three telescopes within 15 unique frequency bands (ranging from 34 through 448 GHz), targeting a sensitivity of 2.2\,$\mu$K-arcmin and a resolution of 0.5$^\circ$ at 100\,GHz. Its primary goal is to measure the tensor-to-scalar ratio $r$ with an uncertainty $\delta r = 0.001$, including systematic errors and margin. If $r \geq 0.01$, LiteBIRD expects to achieve a $>5\sigma$ detection in the $\ell=$2-10 and $\ell=$11-200 ranges separately, providing crucial insight into the early Universe. We describe LiteBIRD's scientific objectives, the application of systems engineering to mission requirements, the anticipated scientific impact, and the operations and scanning strategies vital to minimizing systematic effects. We will also highlight LiteBIRD's synergies with concurrent CMB projects., Comment: 23 pages, 9 figures, 1 table, SPIE Astronomical Telescopes + Instrumentation 2024
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- 2024
16. Regularity of minimal surfaces with capillary boundary conditions
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De Masi, Luigi, Edelen, Nick, Gasparetto, Carlo, and Li, Chao
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Mathematics - Differential Geometry ,Mathematics - Analysis of PDEs - Abstract
We prove $\varepsilon$-regularity theorems for varifolds with capillary boundary condition in a Riemannian manifold. These varifolds were first introduced by Kagaya-Tonegawa \cite{KaTo}. We establish a uniform first variation control for all such varifolds (and free-boundary varifolds generally) satisfying a sharp density bound and prove that if a capillary varifold has bounded mean curvature and is close to a capillary half-plane with angle not equal to $\tfrac{\pi}{2}$, then it coincides with a $C^{1,\alpha}$ properly embedded hypersurface. We apply our theorem to deduce regularity at a generic point along the boundary in the region where the density is strictly less than $1$.
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- 2024
17. The Resurgence of the G(2) Group for the Strong Sector and the Emergence of Dark Matter
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Masi, Nicolò
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High Energy Physics - Phenomenology ,High Energy Physics - Theory - Abstract
G(2) is the smallest exceptional group and it is the simplest and viable gauge group to minimally extend the strong interaction sector: G(2) includes the group SU(3) of Quantum Chromodynamics (QCD) as a maximal subgroup and it is equipped with six additional gluons that can acquire mass via a Higgs mechanism driven by a new Higgs particle and constitute dark matter. In this article I want to describe how the exceptional G(2) group can be a physical gauge group, capable of extending the Standard Model (SM) of particles and including a versatile dark sector, which is compatible with experimental observations. In fact, due to its peculiar mathematical features, the group G(2) manifests some complex features, not properly considered in literature, which guarantee its correct use in physics, as its {3}+anti{3} decompositions w.r.t. SU(3) can acquire a complex structure. The resulting framework can be a solid Beyond Standard Model (BSM) solution for the dark matter (DM) problem, in the form of massive complex scalar glueballs, and it includes the proper color representations for quarks and leptons. Several quantum field theory features are discussed, like the G(2) coupling constant running and its spectrum before and after the phase transition, along with all the DM astrophysical realizations, in order to present the unexpected potential of this gauge group., Comment: arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:2111.11849
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- 2024
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18. OLIMPO: a Balloon-Borne SZE Imager to Probe ICM Dynamics and the WHIM
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Sayers, Jack, Avestruz, Camille, Thakur, Ritoban Basu, Battistelli, Elia Stefano, Bulbul, Esra, Caccioti, Federico, Columbro, Fabio, Coppolecchia, Alessandro, Cray, Scott, D'Alessandro, Giuseppe, de Bernardis, Paolo, de Petris, Marco, Hanany, Shaul, Lamagna, Luca, Lau, Erwin, Masi, Silvia, Paiella, Allesandro, Pettinari, Giorgio, Piacentini, Francesco, Rapaport, Eitan, Rudnick, Larry, Zhuravleva, Irina, and ZuHuone, John
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Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics - Abstract
OLIMPO is a proposed Antarctic balloon-borne Sunyaev-Zel'dovich effect (SZE) imager to study gas dynamics associated with structure formation along with the properties of the warm-hot intergalactic medium (WHIM) residing in the connective filaments. During a 25 day flight OLIMPO will image a total of 10 z~0.05 galaxy clusters and 8 bridges at 145, 250, 365, and 460 GHz at an angular resolution of 1.0'-3.3'. The maps will be significantly deeper than those planned from CMB-S4 and CCAT-P, and will have excellent fidelity to the large angular scales of our low-z targets, which are difficult to probe from the ground. In combination with X-ray data from eROSITA and XRISM we will transform our current static view of galaxy clusters into a full dynamic picture by measuring the internal intra-cluster medium (ICM) velocity structure with the kinematic SZE, X-ray spectroscopy, and the power spectrum of ICM fluctuations. Radio observations from ASKAP and MeerKAT will be used to better understand the connection between ICM turbulence and shocks with the relativistic plasma. Beyond the cluster boundary, we will combine thermal SZE maps from OLIMPO with X-ray imaging from eROSITA to measure the thermodynamics of the WHIM residing in filaments, providing a better understanding of its properties and its contribution to the total baryon budget., Comment: From the proceedings of the mm Universe 2023
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- 2024
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19. LiteBIRD Science Goals and Forecasts: Primordial Magnetic Fields
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Paoletti, D., Rubino-Martin, J., Shiraishi, M., Molinari, D., Chluba, J., Finelli, F., Baccigalupi, C., Errard, J., Gruppuso, A., Lonappan, A. I., Tartari, A., Allys, E., Anand, A., Aumont, J., Ballardini, M., Banday, A. J., Barreiro, R. B., Bartolo, N., Bersanelli, M., Bortolami, M., Brinckmann, T., Calabrese, E., Campeti, P., Carones, A., Casas, F. J., Cheung, K., Clermont, L., Columbro, F., Conenna, G., Coppolecchia, A., Cuttaia, F., D'Alessandro, G., de Bernardis, P., Della Torre, S., Diego-Palazuelos, P., Eriksen, H. K., Fuskeland, U., Galloni, G., Galloway, M., Gerbino, M., Gervasi, M., Ghigna, T., Giardiello, S., Gimeno-Amo, C., Gjerløw, E., Grupp, F., Hazumi, M., Henrot-Versillé, S., Hergt, L. T., Hivon, E., Ichiki, K., Ishino, H., Kohri, K., Komatsu, E., Krachmalnicoff, N., Lamagna, L., Lattanzi, M., Lembo, M., Levrier, F., López-Caniego, M., Luzzi, G., Martínez-González, E., Masi, S., Matarrese, S., Micheli, S., Migliaccio, M., Monelli, M., Montier, L., Morgante, G., Mousset, L., Nagata, R., Namikawa, T., Natoli, P., Novelli, A., Obata, I., Occhiuzzi, A., Odagiri, K., Pagano, L., Paiella, A., Pascual-Cisneros, G., Piacentini, F., Piccirilli, G., Remazeilles, M., Ritacco, A., Ruiz-Granda, M., Sakurai, Y., Scott, D., Stever, S. L., Sullivan, R. M., Takase, Y., Tassis, K., Terenzi, L., Tristram, M., Vacher, L., van Tent, B., Vielva, P., Wehus, I. K., Weymann-Despres, G., Zannoni, M., and Zhou, Y.
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Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics - Abstract
We present detailed forecasts for the constraints on primordial magnetic fields (PMFs) that will be obtained with the LiteBIRD satellite. The constraints are driven by the effects of PMFs on the CMB anisotropies: the gravitational effects of magnetically-induced perturbations; the effects on the thermal and ionization history of the Universe; the Faraday rotation imprint on the CMB polarization; and the non-Gaussianities induced in polarization anisotropies. LiteBIRD represents a sensitive probe for PMFs and by exploiting all the physical effects, it will be able to improve the current limit coming from Planck. In particular, thanks to its accurate $B$-mode polarization measurement, LiteBIRD will improve the constraints on infrared configurations for the gravitational effect, giving $B_{\rm 1\,Mpc}^{n_{\rm B} =-2.9} < 0.8$ nG at 95% C.L., potentially opening the possibility to detect nanogauss fields with high significance. We also observe a significant improvement in the limits when marginalized over the spectral index, $B_{1\,{\rm Mpc}}^{\rm marg}< 2.2$ nG at 95% C.L. From the thermal history effect, which relies mainly on $E$-mode polarization data, we obtain a significant improvement for all PMF configurations, with the marginalized case, $\sqrt{\langle B^2\rangle}^{\rm marg}<0.50$ nG at 95% C.L. Faraday rotation constraints will take advantage of the wide frequency coverage of LiteBIRD and the high sensitivity in $B$ modes, improving the limits by orders of magnitude with respect to current results, $B_{1\,{\rm Mpc}}^{n_{\rm B} =-2.9} < 3.2$ nG at 95% C.L. Finally, non-Gaussianities of the $B$-mode polarization can probe PMFs at the level of 1 nG, again significantly improving the current bounds from Planck. Altogether our forecasts represent a broad collection of complementary probes, providing conservative limits on PMF characteristics that will be achieved with LiteBIRD., Comment: 51 pages, 24 figures, abstract shortened
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- 2024
20. Role of human plasma metabolites in prediabetes and type 2 diabetes from the IMI-DIRECT study
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Sharma, Sapna, Dong, Qiuling, Haid, Mark, Adam, Jonathan, Bizzotto, Roberto, Fernandez-Tajes, Juan J., Jones, Angus G., Tura, Andrea, Artati, Anna, Prehn, Cornelia, Kastenmüller, Gabi, Koivula, Robert W., Franks, Paul W., Walker, Mark, Forgie, Ian M., Giordano, Giuseppe, Pavo, Imre, Ruetten, Hartmut, Dermitzakis, Manolis, McCarthy, Mark I., Pedersen, Oluf, Schwenk, Jochen M., Tsirigos, Konstantinos D., De Masi, Federico, Brunak, Soren, Viñuela, Ana, Mari, Andrea, McDonald, Timothy J., Kokkola, Tarja, Adamski, Jerzy, Pearson, Ewan R., and Grallert, Harald
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- 2024
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21. The MISTRAL Instrument and the Characterization of Its Detector Array
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Paiella, A., Cacciotti, F., Isopi, G., Barbavara, E., Battistelli, E. S., de Bernardis, P., Capalbo, V., Carbone, A., Carretti, E., Ciccalotti, E., Columbro, F., Coppolecchia, A., Cruciani, A., D’Alessandro, G., De Petris, M., Govoni, F., Lamagna, L., Levati, E., Marongiu, P., Mascia, A., Masi, S., Molinari, E., Murgia, M., Navarrini, A., Novelli, A., Occhiuzzi, A., Orlati, A., Pappalardo, E., Pettinari, G., Piacentini, F., Pisanu, T., Poppi, S., Porceddu, I., Ritacco, A., Schirru, M. R., and Vargiu, G.
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- 2024
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22. Integrative assessment of congestion in heart failure using ultrasound imaging
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Di Fiore, Valerio, Del Punta, Lavinia, De Biase, Nicolò, Pellicori, Pierpaolo, Gargani, Luna, Dini, Frank Lloyd, Armenia, Silvia, Li Vigni, Myriam, Maremmani, Davide, Masi, Stefano, Taddei, Stefano, and Pugliese, Nicola Riccardo
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- 2024
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23. Disseminated Echovirus 11 infection in a newborn in the Province of Bolzano, Italy
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Bianconi, Irene, Battisti, Laura, Staffler, Alex, Giacobazzi, Elisabetta, Masi, Elisa, Incrocci, Elisabetta, Bellutti, Marion, Fontana, Stefano, Stefanelli, Paola, Buttinelli, Gabriele, and Pagani, Elisabetta
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- 2024
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24. A Cryogenic Testbed for Polarization Modulators and Cryogenic Mechanisms
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Columbro, F., de Bernardis, P., Coppolecchia, A., Marchitelli, E., Masi, S., and Occhiuzzi, A.
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- 2024
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25. Screening for central precocious puberty by single basal Luteinizing Hormone levels
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Li Pomi, Alessandra, Scalini, Perla, De Masi, Salvatore, Corica, Domenico, Pepe, Giorgia, Wasniewska, Malgorzata, and Stagi, Stefano
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- 2024
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26. Closed and open superconducting microwave waveguide networks as a model for quantum graphs
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Dietz, Barbara, Klaus, Tobias, Masi, Marco, Miski-Oglu, Maksym, Richter, Achim, Skipa, Tatjana, and Wunderle, Marcus
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Condensed Matter - Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics ,Nonlinear Sciences - Chaotic Dynamics ,Quantum Physics - Abstract
We report on high-precision measurements that were performed with superconducting waveguide networks with the geometry of a tetrahedral and a honeycomb graph. They consist of junctions of valency three that connect straight rectangular waveguides of incommensurable lengths. The experiments were performed in the frequency range of a single transversal mode, where the associated Helmholtz equation is effectively one dimensional and waveguide networks may serve as models of quantum graphs with the joints and waveguides corresponding to the vertices and bonds. The tetrahedral network comprises T junctions, while the honeycomb network exclusively consists of Y junctions, that join waveguides with relative angles 90 degree and 120 degree, respectively. We demonstrate that the vertex scattering matrix, which describes the propagation of the modes through the junctions strongly depends on frequency and is non-symmetric at a T junction and thus differs from that of a quantum graph with Neumann boundary conditions at the vertices. On the contrary, at a Y junction, similarity can be achieved in a certain frequeny range. We investigate the spectral properties of closed waveguide networks and fluctuation properties of the scattering matrix of open ones and find good agreement with random matrix theory predictions for the honeycomb waveguide graph.
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- 2024
27. Dynamic Spiking Framework for Graph Neural Networks
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Yin, Nan, Wang, Mengzhu, Chen, Zhenghan, De Masi, Giulia, Gu, Bin, and Xiong, Huan
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Computer Science - Neural and Evolutionary Computing ,Computer Science - Artificial Intelligence ,Computer Science - Machine Learning - Abstract
The integration of Spiking Neural Networks (SNNs) and Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) is gradually attracting attention due to the low power consumption and high efficiency in processing the non-Euclidean data represented by graphs. However, as a common problem, dynamic graph representation learning faces challenges such as high complexity and large memory overheads. Current work often uses SNNs instead of Recurrent Neural Networks (RNNs) by using binary features instead of continuous ones for efficient training, which would overlooks graph structure information and leads to the loss of details during propagation. Additionally, optimizing dynamic spiking models typically requires propagation of information across time steps, which increases memory requirements. To address these challenges, we present a framework named \underline{Dy}namic \underline{S}p\underline{i}king \underline{G}raph \underline{N}eural Networks (\method{}). To mitigate the information loss problem, \method{} propagates early-layer information directly to the last layer for information compensation. To accommodate the memory requirements, we apply the implicit differentiation on the equilibrium state, which does not rely on the exact reverse of the forward computation. While traditional implicit differentiation methods are usually used for static situations, \method{} extends it to the dynamic graph setting. Extensive experiments on three large-scale real-world dynamic graph datasets validate the effectiveness of \method{} on dynamic node classification tasks with lower computational costs.
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- 2023
28. Impact of beam far side-lobe knowledge in the presence of foregrounds for LiteBIRD
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Leloup, C., Patanchon, G., Errard, J., Franceschet, C., Gudmundsson, J. E., Henrot-Versillé, S., Imada, H., Ishino, H., Matsumura, T., Puglisi, G., Wang, W., Adler, A., Aumont, J., Aurlien, R., Baccigalupi, C., Ballardini, M., Banday, A. J., Barreiro, R. B., Bartolo, N., Basyrov, A., Bersanelli, M., Blinov, D., Bortolami, M., Brinckmann, T., Campeti, P., Carones, A., Carralot, F., Casas, F. J., Cheung, K., Clermont, L., Columbro, F., Conenna, G., Coppolecchia, A., Cuttaia, F., D'Alessandro, G., de Bernardis, P., de Haan, T., De Petris, M., Della Torre, S., Diego-Palazuelos, P., Eriksen, H. K., Finelli, F., Fuskeland, U., Galloni, G., Galloway, M., Georges, M., Gerbino, M., Gervasi, M., Génova-Santos, R. T., Ghigna, T., Giardiello, S., Gimeno-Amo, C., Gjerløw, E., Gruppuso, A., Hazumi, M., Hergt, L. T., Herranz, D., Hivon, E., Hoang, T. D., Jost, B., Kohri, K., Krachmalnicoff, N., Lee, A. T., Lembo, M., Levrier, F., Lonappan, A. I., López-Caniego, M., Macias-Perez, J., Martínez-González, E., Masi, S., Matarrese, S., Micheli, S., Monelli, M., Montier, L., Morgante, G., Mot, B., Mousset, L., Namikawa, T., Natoli, P., Novelli, A., Noviello, F., Obata, I., Odagiri, K., Pagano, L., Paiella, A., Paoletti, D., Pascual-Cisneros, G., Pavlidou, V., Piacentini, F., Piccirilli, G., Pisano, G., Polenta, G., Raffuzzi, N., Remazeilles, M., Ritacco, A., Rizzieri, A., Ruiz-Granda, M., Sakurai, Y., Shiraishi, M., Stever, S. L., Takase, Y., Tassis, K., Terenzi, L., Thompson, K. L., Tristram, M., Vacher, L., Vielva, P., Wehus, I. K., Weymann-Despres, G., Zannoni, M., and Zhou, Y.
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Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics - Abstract
We present a study of the impact of an uncertainty in the beam far side-lobe knowledge on the measurement of the Cosmic Microwave Background $B$-mode signal at large scale. It is expected to be one of the main source of systematic effects in future CMB observations. Because it is crucial for all-sky survey missions to take into account the interplays between beam systematic effects and all the data analysis steps, the primary goal of this paper is to provide the methodology to carry out the end-to-end study of their effect for a space-borne CMB polarization experiment, up to the cosmological results in the form of a bias $\delta r$ on the tensor-to-scalar ratio $r$. LiteBIRD is dedicated to target the measurement of CMB primordial $B$ modes by reaching a sensitivity of $\sigma \left( r \right) \leq 10^{-3}$ assuming $r=0$. As a demonstration of our framework, we derive the relationship between the knowledge of the beam far side-lobes and the tentatively allocated error budget under given assumptions on design, simulation and component separation method. We assume no mitigation of the far side-lobes effect at any stage of the analysis pipeline. We show that $\delta r$ is mostly due to the integrated fractional power difference between the estimated beams and the true beams in the far side-lobes region, with little dependence on the actual shape of the beams, for low enough $\delta r$. Under our set of assumptions, in particular considering the specific foreground cleaning method we used, we find that the integrated fractional power in the far side-lobes should be known at a level as tight as $\sim 10^{-4}$, to achieve the required limit on the bias $\delta r < 1.9 \times 10^{-5}$. The framework and tools developed for this study can be easily adapted to provide requirements under different design, data analysis frameworks and for other future space-borne experiments beyond LiteBIRD.
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- 2023
29. Non-rigidity of the absolutely continuous part of $\mathcal{A}$-free measures
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De Masi, Luigi and Gasparetto, Carlo
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Mathematics - Analysis of PDEs - Abstract
We generalize a result by Alberti, showing that, if a first-order linear differential operator $\mathcal{A}$ belongs to a certain class, then any $L^1$ function is the absolutely continuous part of a measure $\mu$ satisfying $\mathcal{A}\mu=0$. When $\mathcal{A}$ is scalar valued, we provide a necessary and sufficient condition for the above property to hold true and we prove dimensional estimates on the singular part of $\mu$. Finally, we show that operators in the above class satisfy a Lusin-type property., Comment: 18 pages, 3 figures, more general Proposition 2.2, shorter proof of Proposition 4.3, updated Figure 3
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- 2023
30. LiteBIRD Science Goals and Forecasts: Improving Sensitivity to Inflationary Gravitational Waves with Multitracer Delensing
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Namikawa, T., Lonappan, A. I., Baccigalupi, C., Bartolo, N., Beck, D., Benabed, K., Challinor, A., Diego-Palazuelos, P., Errard, J., Farrens, S., Gruppuso, A., Krachmalnicoff, N., Migliaccio, M., Martínez-González, E., Pettorino, V., Piccirilli, G., Ruiz-Granda, M., Sherwin, B., Starck, J., Vielva, P., Akizawa, R., Anand, A., Aumont, J., Aurlien, R., Azzoni, S., Ballardini, M., Banday, A. J., Barreiro, R. B., Bersanelli, M., Blinov, D., Bortolami, M., Brinckmann, T., Calabrese, E., Campeti, P., Carones, A., Carralot, F., Casas, F. J., Cheung, K., Clermont, L., Columbro, F., Conenna, G., Coppolecchia, A., Cuttaia, F., D'Alessandro, G., de Bernardis, P., de Haan, T., De Petris, M., Della Torre, S., Di Giorgi, E., Eriksen, H. K., Finelli, F., Franceschet, C., Fuskeland, U., Galloni, G., Galloway, M., Georges, M., Gerbino, M., Gervasi, M., Ghigna, T., Giardiello, S., Gimeno-Amo, C., Gjerløw, E., Hazumi, M., Henrot-Versillé, S., Hergt, L. T., Hivon, E., Kohri, K., Komatsu, E., Lamagna, L., Lattanzi, M., Leloup, C., Lembo, M., López-Caniego, M., Luzzi, G., Maffei, B., Masi, S., Massa, M., Matarrese, S., Matsumura, T., Micheli, S., Moggi, A., Monelli, M., Montier, L., Morgante, G., Mot, B., Mousset, L., Nagata, R., Natoli, P., Novelli, A., Obata, I., Occhiuzzi, A., Pagano, L., Paiella, A., Paoletti, D., Pascual-Cisneros, G., Pavlidou, V., Piacentini, F., Pinchera, M., Pisano, G., Polenta, G., Puglisi, G., Remazeilles, M., Ritacco, A., Rizzieri, A., Rubino-Martin, J., Sakurai, Y., Scott, D., Shiraishi, M., Signorelli, G., Stever, S. L., Takase, Y., Tanimura, H., Tartari, A., Tassis, K., Terenzi, L., Tristram, M., Vacher, L., van Tent, B., Wehus, I. K., Weymann-Despres, G., Zannoni, M., and Zhou, Y.
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Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics - Abstract
We estimate the efficiency of mitigating the lensing $B$-mode polarization, the so-called delensing, for the $LiteBIRD$ experiment with multiple external data sets of lensing-mass tracers. The current best bound on the tensor-to-scalar ratio, $r$, is limited by lensing rather than Galactic foregrounds. Delensing will be a critical step to improve sensitivity to $r$ as measurements of $r$ become more and more limited by lensing. In this paper, we extend the analysis of the recent $LiteBIRD$ forecast paper to include multiple mass tracers, i.e., the CMB lensing maps from $LiteBIRD$ and CMB-S4-like experiment, cosmic infrared background, and galaxy number density from $Euclid$- and LSST-like survey. We find that multi-tracer delensing will further improve the constraint on $r$ by about $20\%$. In $LiteBIRD$, the residual Galactic foregrounds also significantly contribute to uncertainties of the $B$-modes, and delensing becomes more important if the residual foregrounds are further reduced by an improved component separation method., Comment: 21 pages, 7 figures
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- 2023
31. LiteBIRD Science Goals and Forecasts: A full-sky measurement of gravitational lensing of the CMB
- Author
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Lonappan, A. I., Namikawa, T., Piccirilli, G., Diego-Palazuelos, P., Ruiz-Granda, M., Migliaccio, M., Baccigalupi, C., Bartolo, N., Beck, D., Benabed, K., Challinor, A., Errard, J., Farrens, S., Gruppuso, A., Krachmalnicoff, N., Martínez-González, E., Pettorino, V., Sherwin, B., Starck, J., Vielva, P., Akizawa, R., Anand, A., Aumont, J., Aurlien, R., Azzoni, S., Ballardini, M., Banday, A. J., Barreiro, R. B., Bersanelli, M., Blinov, D., Bortolami, M., Brinckmann, T., Calabrese, E., Campeti, P., Carones, A., Carralot, F., Casas, F. J., Cheung, K., Clermont, L., Columbro, F., Conenna, G., Coppolecchia, A., Cuttaia, F., D'Alessandro, G., de Bernardis, P., De Petris, M., Della Torre, S., Di Giorgi, E., Eriksen, H. K., Finelli, F., Franceschet, C., Fuskeland, U., Galloni, G., Galloway, M., Georges, M., Gerbino, M., Gervasi, M., Génova-Santos, R. T., Ghigna, T., Giardiello, S., Gimeno-Amo, C., Gjerløw, E., Hazumi, M., Henrot-Versillé, S., Hergt, L. T., Hivon, E., Kohri, K., Komatsu, E., Lamagna, L., Lattanzi, M., Leloup, C., Lembo, M., López-Caniego, M., Luzzi, G., Macias-Perez, J., Maffei, B., Masi, S., Massa, M., Matarrese, S., Matsumura, T., Micheli, S., Moggi, A., Monelli, M., Montier, L., Morgante, G., Mot, B., Mousset, L., Nagata, R., Natoli, P., Novelli, A., Obata, I., Occhiuzzi, A., Pagano, L., Paiella, A., Paoletti, D., Pascual-Cisneros, G., Pavlidou, V., Piacentini, F., Pinchera, M., Pisano, G., Polenta, G., Puglisi, G., Remazeilles, M., Ritacco, A., Rizzieri, A., Sakurai, Y., Scott, D., Shiraishi, M., Signorelli, G., Stever, S. L., Takase, Y., Tanimura, H., Tartari, A., Tassis, K., Terenzi, L., Tristram, M., Vacher, L., van Tent, B., Wehus, I. K., Weymann-Despres, G., Zannoni, M., and Zhou, Y.
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Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics - Abstract
We explore the capability of measuring lensing signals in $LiteBIRD$ full-sky polarization maps. With a $30$ arcmin beam width and an impressively low polarization noise of $2.16\,\mu$K-arcmin, $LiteBIRD$ will be able to measure the full-sky polarization of the cosmic microwave background (CMB) very precisely. This unique sensitivity also enables the reconstruction of a nearly full-sky lensing map using only polarization data, even considering its limited capability to capture small-scale CMB anisotropies. In this paper, we investigate the ability to construct a full-sky lensing measurement in the presence of Galactic foregrounds, finding that several possible biases from Galactic foregrounds should be negligible after component separation by harmonic-space internal linear combination. We find that the signal-to-noise ratio of the lensing is approximately $40$ using only polarization data measured over $90\%$ of the sky. This achievement is comparable to $Planck$'s recent lensing measurement with both temperature and polarization and represents a four-fold improvement over $Planck$'s polarization-only lensing measurement. The $LiteBIRD$ lensing map will complement the $Planck$ lensing map and provide several opportunities for cross-correlation science, especially in the northern hemisphere.
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- 2023
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32. LiteBIRD Science Goals and Forecasts. A Case Study of the Origin of Primordial Gravitational Waves using Large-Scale CMB Polarization
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Campeti, P., Komatsu, E., Baccigalupi, C., Ballardini, M., Bartolo, N., Carones, A., Errard, J., Finelli, F., Flauger, R., Galli, S., Galloni, G., Giardiello, S., Hazumi, M., Henrot-Versillé, S., Hergt, L. T., Kohri, K., Leloup, C., Lesgourgues, J., Macias-Perez, J., Martínez-González, E., Matarrese, S., Matsumura, T., Montier, L., Namikawa, T., Paoletti, D., Poletti, D., Remazeilles, M., Shiraishi, M., van Tent, B., Tristram, M., Vacher, L., Vittorio, N., Weymann-Despres, G., Anand, A., Aumont, J., Aurlien, R., Banday, A. J., Barreiro, R. B., Basyrov, A., Bersanelli, M., Blinov, D., Bortolami, M., Brinckmann, T., Calabrese, E., Carralot, F., Casas, F. J., Clermont, L., Columbro, F., Conenna, G., Coppolecchia, A., Cuttaia, F., D'Alessandro, G., de Bernardis, P., De Petris, M., Della Torre, S., Di Giorgi, E., Diego-Palazuelos, P., Eriksen, H. K., Franceschet, C., Fuskeland, U., Galloway, M., Georges, M., Gerbino, M., Gervasi, M., Ghigna, T., Gimeno-Amo, C., Gjerløw, E., Gruppuso, A., Gudmundsson, J., Krachmalnicoff, N., Lamagna, L., Lattanzi, M., Lembo, M., Lonappan, A. I., Masi, S., Massa, M., Micheli, S., Moggi, A., Monelli, M., Morgante, G., Mot, B., Mousset, L., Nagata, R., Natoli, P., Novelli, A., Obata, I., Pagano, L., Paiella, A., Pavlidou, V., Piacentini, F., Pinchera, M., Pisano, G., Puglisi, G., Raffuzzi, N., Ritacco, A., Rizzieri, A., Ruiz-Granda, M., Savini, G., Scott, D., Signorelli, G., Stever, S. L., Stutzer, N., Sullivan, R. M., Tartari, A., Tassis, K., Terenzi, L., Thompson, K. L., Vielva, P., Wehus, I. K., and Zhou, Y.
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Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics ,General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology - Abstract
We study the possibility of using the $LiteBIRD$ satellite $B$-mode survey to constrain models of inflation producing specific features in CMB angular power spectra. We explore a particular model example, i.e. spectator axion-SU(2) gauge field inflation. This model can source parity-violating gravitational waves from the amplification of gauge field fluctuations driven by a pseudoscalar "axionlike" field, rolling for a few e-folds during inflation. The sourced gravitational waves can exceed the vacuum contribution at reionization bump scales by about an order of magnitude and can be comparable to the vacuum contribution at recombination bump scales. We argue that a satellite mission with full sky coverage and access to the reionization bump scales is necessary to understand the origin of the primordial gravitational wave signal and distinguish among two production mechanisms: quantum vacuum fluctuations of spacetime and matter sources during inflation. We present the expected constraints on model parameters from $LiteBIRD$ satellite simulations, which complement and expand previous studies in the literature. We find that $LiteBIRD$ will be able to exclude with high significance standard single-field slow-roll models, such as the Starobinsky model, if the true model is the axion-SU(2) model with a feature at CMB scales. We further investigate the possibility of using the parity-violating signature of the model, such as the $TB$ and $EB$ angular power spectra, to disentangle it from the standard single-field slow-roll scenario. We find that most of the discriminating power of $LiteBIRD$ will reside in $BB$ angular power spectra rather than in $TB$ and $EB$ correlations., Comment: 22 pages, 13 figures. Submitted to JCAP
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- 2023
33. Neural integration for constitutive equations using small data
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Masi, Filippo and Einav, Itai
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Condensed Matter - Materials Science ,Physics - Computational Physics - Abstract
Data-driven models based on deep learning algorithms intend to overcome the limitations of traditional constitutive modelling by directly learning from data. However, the need for extensive data that collate the full state of the material is hindered by traditional experimental observations, which typically provide only small data - sparse and partial material state observations. To address this issue, we develop a novel deep learning algorithm referred to as Neural Integration for Constitutive Equations to discover constitutive models at the material point level from scarce and incomplete observations. It builds upon the solution of the initial value problem describing the time evolution of the material state, unlike the majority of data-driven approaches for constitutive modelling that require large data of increments of state variables. Numerical benchmarks demonstrate that the method can learn accurate, consistent, and robust constitutive models from incomplete, sparse, and noisy data collecting simple conventional experimental protocols.
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- 2023
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34. Measuring the CMB primordial B-modes with Bolometric Interferometry
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Mennella, A., Ade, P., Almela, A., Amico, G., Arnaldi, L. H., Aumont, J., Banfi, S., Battistelli, E. S., Bélier, B., Bergé, L., Bernard, J. -Ph., de Bernardis, P., Bersanelli, M., Bonaparte, J., Bonilla, J. D., Bunn, E., Buzi, D., Cacciotti, F., Camilieri, D., Cavaliere, F., Chanial, P., Chapron, C., Colombo, L., Columbro, F., Coppolecchia, A., Costanza, M. B., D'Alessandro, G., De Gasperis, G., De Leo, M., De Petris, M., Del Castillo, N., Dheilly, S., Etchegoyen, A., Ferazzoli, S., Ferreyro, L. P., Franceschet, C., Lerena, M. M. Gamboa, Ganga, K., García, B., Redondo, M. E. García, Gayer, D., Geria, J. M., Gervasi, M., Giard, M., Gilles, V., Berisso, M. Gómez, Gonzalez, M., Gradziel, M., Grandsire, L., Hamilton, J. -Ch., Hampel, M. R., Isopi, G., Kaplan, J., Lamagna, L., Lazarte, F., Loucatos, S., Maffei, B., Mancilla, A., Mandelli, S., Manzan, E., Marchitelli, E., Marnieros, S., Marty, W., Masi, S., May, A., Maya, J., McCulloch, M., Mele, L., Melo, D., Mirón-Granese, N., Montier, L., Mousset, L., Müller, N., Nati, F., O'Sullivan, C., Paiella, A., Pajot, F., Paradiso, S., Pascale, E., Passerini, A., Pelosi, A., Perciballi, M., Pezzotta, F., Piacentini, F., Piat, M., Piccirillo, L., Pisano, G., Platino, M., Polenta, G., Prêle, D., Rambaud, D., Ramos, G., Rasztocky, E., Régnier, M., Reyes, C., Rodríguez, F., Rodríguez, C. A., Romero, G. E., Salum, J. M., Schillaci, A., Scóccola, C., Stankowiak, G., Tartari, A., Thermeau, J. -P., Timbie, P., Tomasi, M., Torchinsky, S., Tucker, G., Tucker, C., Vacher, L., Voisin, F., Wright, M., Zannoni, M., and Zullo, A.
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Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics ,Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics - Abstract
The Q&U Bolometric Interferometer for Cosmology (QUBIC) is the first bolometric interferometer designed to measure the primordial B-mode polarization of the Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB). Bolometric interferometry is a novel technique that combines the sensitivity of bolometric detectors with the control of systematic effects that is typical of interferometry, both key features in the quest for the faint signal of the primordial B-modes. A unique feature is the so-called "spectral imaging", i.e., the ability to recover the sky signal in several sub-bands within the physical band during data analysis. This feature provides an in-band spectral resolution of \Delta{\nu}/{\nu} \sim 0.04 that is unattainable by a traditional imager. This is a key tool for controlling the Galactic foregrounds contamination. In this paper, we describe the principles of bolometric interferometry, the current status of the QUBIC experiment and future prospects., Comment: To appear in Proc. of the mm Universe 2023 conference, Grenoble (France), June 2023, published by F. Mayet et al. (Eds), EPJ Web of conferences, EDP Sciences
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- 2023
35. The advantage of Bolometric Interferometry for controlling Galactic foreground contamination in CMB primordial B-modes measurements
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Manzan, E., Regnier, M., Hamilton, J-Ch., Mennella, A., Errard, J., Zapelli, L., Torchinsky, S. A., Paradiso, S., Battistelli, E., Bersanelli, M., De Bernardis, P., De Petris, M., D'Alessandro, G., Gervasi, M., Masi, S., Piat, M., Rasztocky, E., Romero, G. E, Scoccola, C. G., Zannoni, M., and Collaboration, the QUBIC
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Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics - Abstract
In the quest for the faint primordial B-mode polarization of the Cosmic Microwave Background, three are the key requirements for any present or future experiment: an utmost sensitivity, excellent control over instrumental systematic effects and over Galactic foreground contamination. Bolometric Interferometry (BI) is a novel technique that matches them all by combining the sensitivity of bolometric detectors, the control of instrumental systematics from interferometry and a software-based, tunable, in-band spectral resolution due to its ability to perform band-splitting during data analysis (spectral imaging). In this paper, we investigate how the spectral imaging capability of BI can help in detecting residual contamination in case an over-simplified model of foreground emission is assumed in the analysis. To mimic this situation, we focus on the next generation of ground-based CMB experiment, CMB-S4, and compare its anticipated sensitivities, frequency and sky coverage with a hypothetical version of the same experiment based on BI, CMB-S4/BI, assuming that line-of-sight (LOS) frequency decorrelation is present in dust emission but is not accounted for during component separation. We show results from a Monte-Carlo analysis based on a parametric component separation method (FGBuster), highlighting how BI has the potential to diagnose the presence of foreground residuals in estimates of the tensor-to-scalar ratio $r$ in the case of unaccounted Galactic dust LOS frequency decorrelation., Comment: To appear in Proc. of the mm Universe 2023 conference, Grenoble (France), June 2023, published by F. Mayet et al. (Eds), EPJ Web of conferences, EDP Sciences
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- 2023
36. Pushing the high count rate limits of scintillation detectors for challenging neutron-capture experiments
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Correa, J. Balibrea, Lerendegui-Marco, J., Babiano-Suarez, V., Domingo-Pardo, C., Ladarescu, I., Tarifeño-Saldivia, A., Alcayne, V., Cano-Ott, D., González-Romero, E., Martínez, T., Mendoza, E., de Rada, A. Pérez, del Olmo, J. Plaza, Sánchez-Caballero, A., Casanovas, A., Calviño, F., Valenta, S., Aberle, O., Altieri, S., Amaducci, S., Andrzejewski, J., Bacak, M., Beltrami, C., Bennett, S., Bernardes, A. P., Berthoumieux, E., Beyer, R., Boromiza, M., Bosnar, D., Caamaño, M., Calviani, M., Castelluccio, D. M., Cerutti, F., Cescutti, G., Chasapoglou, S., Chiaveri, E., Colombetti, P., Colonna, N., Camprini, P. Console, Cortés, G., Cortés-Giraldo, M. A., Cosentino, L., Cristallo, S., Dellmann, S., Di Castro, M., Di Maria, S., Diakaki, M., Dietz, M., Dressler, R., Dupont, E., Durán, I., Eleme, Z., Fargier, S., Fernández, B., Fernández-Domínguez, B., Finocchiaro, P., Fiore, S., Furman, V., García-Infantes, F., Gawlik-Ramikega, A., Gervino, G., Gilardoni, S., Guerrero, C., Gunsing, F., Gustavino, C., Heyse, J., Hillman, W., Jenkins, D. G., Jericha, E., Junghans, A., Kadi, Y., Kaperoni, K., Kaur, G., Kimura, A., Knapová, I., Kokkoris, M., Kopatch, Y., Krtička, M., Kyritsis, N., Lederer-Woods, C., Lerner, G., Manna, A., Masi, A., Massimi, C., Mastinu, P., Mastromarco, M., Maugeri, E. A., Mazzone, A., Mengoni, A., Michalopoulou, V., Milazzo, P. M., Mucciola, R., Murtas, F., Musacchio-Gonzalez, E., Musumarra, A., Negret, A., Pérez-Maroto, P., Patronis, N., Pavón-Rodríguez, J. A., Pellegriti, M. G., Perkowski, J., Petrone, C., Pirovano, E., Pomp, S., Porras, I., Praena, J., Quesada, J. M., Reifarth, R., Rochman, D., Romanets, Y., Rubbia, C., Sabaté-Gilarte, M., Schillebeeckx, P., Schumann, D., Sekhar, A., Smith, A. G., Sosnin, N. V., Stamati, M. E., Sturniolo, A., Tagliente, G., Tarrío, D., Torres-Sánchez, P., Vagena, E., Variale, V., Vaz, P., Vecchio, G., Vescovi, D., Vlachoudis, V., Vlastou, R., Wallner, A., Woods, P. J., Wright, T., Zarrella, R., and Žugec, P.
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Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors ,Nuclear Experiment - Abstract
One of the critical aspects for the accurate determination of neutron capture cross sections when combining time-of-flight and total energy detector techniques is the characterization and control of systematic uncertainties associated to the measuring devices. In this work we explore the most conspicuous effects associated to harsh count rate conditions: dead-time and pile-up effects. Both effects, when not properly treated, can lead to large systematic uncertainties and bias in the determination of neutron cross sections. In the majority of neutron capture measurements carried out at the CERN n\_TOF facility, the detectors of choice are the C$_{6}$D$_{6}$ liquid-based either in form of large-volume cells or recently commissioned sTED detector array, consisting of much smaller-volume modules. To account for the aforementioned effects, we introduce a Monte Carlo model for these detectors mimicking harsh count rate conditions similar to those happening at the CERN n\_TOF 20~m fligth path vertical measuring station. The model parameters are extracted by comparison with the experimental data taken at the same facility during 2022 experimental campaign. We propose a novel methodology to consider both, dead-time and pile-up effects simultaneously for these fast detectors and check the applicability to experimental data from $^{197}$Au($n$,$\gamma$), including the saturated 4.9~eV resonance which is an important component of normalization for neutron cross section measurements.
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- 2023
37. Impact of COVID-19 vaccines in patients on hemodialysis: an Italian multicentre cohort study
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De Masi, Salvatore, Da Cas, Roberto, Ippolito, Francesca Menniti, Baglio, Giovanni, Zoccali, Carmine, Chiarotti, Flavia, Fabiani, Massimo, Colavita, Francesca, Castilletti, Concetta, Salomone, Mario, Mele, Alfonso, and Messa, Piergiorgio
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- 2024
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38. Adverse Events as Potential Predictive Factors of Activity in Patients with Advanced HCC Treated with Atezolizumab Plus Bevacizumab
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Persano, Mara, Rimini, Margherita, Tada, Toshifumi, Suda, Goki, Shimose, Shigeo, Kudo, Masatoshi, Rossari, Federico, Yoo, Changhoon, Cheon, Jaekyung, Finkelmeier, Fabian, Lim, Ho Yeong, Presa, José, Masi, Gianluca, Bergamo, Francesca, Amadeo, Elisabeth, Vitiello, Francesco, Kumada, Takashi, Sakamoto, Naoya, Iwamoto, Hideki, Aoki, Tomoko, Chon, Hong Jae, Himmelsbach, Vera, Iavarone, Massimo Alberto, Cabibbo, Giuseppe, Montes, Margarida, Foschi, Francesco Giuseppe, Vivaldi, Caterina, Soldà, Caterina, Sho, Takuya, Niizeki, Takashi, Nishida, Naoshi, Steup, Christoph, Bruccoleri, Mariangela, Hirooka, Masashi, Kariyama, Kazuya, Tani, Joji, Atsukawa, Masanori, Takaguchi, Koichi, Itobayashi, Ei, Fukunishi, Shinya, Tsuji, Kunihiko, Ishikawa, Toru, Tajiri, Kazuto, Ochi, Hironori, Yasuda, Satoshi, Toyoda, Hidenori, Ogawa, Chikara, Nishimura, Takashi, Hatanaka, Takeshi, Kakizaki, Satoru, Shimada, Noritomo, Kawata, Kazuhito, Hiraoka, Atsushi, Tada, Fujimasa, Ohama, Hideko, Nouso, Kazuhiro, Morishita, Asahiro, Tsutsui, Akemi, Nagano, Takuya, Itokawa, Norio, Okubo, Tomomi, Imai, Michitaka, Kosaka, Hisashi, Naganuma, Atsushi, Koizumi, Yohei, Nakamura, Shinichiro, Kaibori, Masaki, Iijima, Hiroko, Hiasa, Yoichi, Foti, Silvia, Camera, Silvia, Piscaglia, Fabio, Scartozzi, Mario, Cascinu, Stefano, and Casadei-Gardini, Andrea
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- 2024
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39. The current status on secondary metabolites produced by fungi of the genus Diplodia associated with plants
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Salvatore, Maria Michela, Masi, Marco, and Andolfi, Anna
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- 2024
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40. Percutaneous radiofrequency ablation of ovarian cancer metastasis in the spleen: a therapeutic option to consider
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Boccatonda, Andrea, Mauloni, Paula Antonia, Cevenini, Monica, Masi, Livia, Bakken, Sofia Maria, and Serra, Carla
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- 2024
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41. Technology-Based Interventions for Preventing Youth Violence: A Systematic Review of Programs, Tools, and Evidence
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Esposito, Concetta, De Masi, Federica, Dragone, Mirella, and Bacchini, Dario
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- 2024
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42. Durvalumab Plus Gemcitabine and Cisplatin Versus Gemcitabine and Cisplatin in Biliary Tract Cancer: a Real-World Retrospective, Multicenter Study
- Author
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Rimini, Margherita, Masi, Gianluca, Lonardi, Sara, Nichetti, Federico, Pressiani, Tiziana, Lavacchi, Daniele, Jessica, Lucchetti, Giordano, Guido, Scartozzi, Mario, Tamburini, Emiliano, Pastorino, Alessandro, Rapposelli, Ilario Giovanni, Daniele, Bruno, Martinelli, Erika, Garajova, Ingrid, Aprile, Giuseppe, Schirripa, Marta, Formica, Vincenzo, Salani, Francesca, Winchler, Costanza, Bergamo, Francesca, Balsano, Rita, Gusmaroli, Eleonora, Lorenzo, Angotti, Landriscina, Matteo, Pretta, Andrea, Toma, Ilaria, Pirrone, Chiara, Diana, Anna, Leone, Francesco, Brunetti, Oronzo, Brandi, Giovanni, Garattini, Silvio Ken, Satolli, Maria Antonietta, Rossari, Federico, Fornaro, Lorenzo, Niger, Monica, Zanuso, Valentina, De Rosa, Antonio, Ratti, Francesca, Aldrighetti, Luca, De Braud, Filippo, Foti, Silvia, Rizzato, Mario Domenico, Vivaldi, Caterina, Stefano, Cascinu, Rimassa, Lorenza, Antonuzzo, Lorenzo, and Casadei-Gardini, Andrea
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- 2024
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43. Observing galaxy clusters and the cosmic web through the Sunyaev Zel'dovich effect with MISTRAL
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Battistelli, E. S., Barbavara, E., de Bernardis, P., Cacciotti, F., Capalbo, V., Carbone, A., Carretti, E., Ciccalotti, D., Columbro, F., Coppolecchia, A., Cruciani, A., D'Alessandro, G., De Petris, M., Govoni, F., Isopi, G., Lamagna, L., Levati, E., Marongiu, P., Mascia, A., Masi, S., Molinari, E., Murgia, M., Navarrini, A., Novelli, A., Occhiuzzi, A., Orlati, A., Pappalardo, E., Paiella, A., Pettinari, G., Piacentini, F., Pisanu, T., Poppi, S., Porceddu, I., Ritacco, A., Schirru, M. R., and Vargiu, G. P.
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Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics ,Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics - Abstract
Galaxy clusters and surrounding medium, can be studied using X-ray bremsstrahlung emission and Sunyaev Zel'dovich (SZ) effect. Both astrophysical probes, sample the same environment with different parameters dependance. The SZ effect is relatively more sensitive in low density environments and thus is useful to study the filamentary structures of the cosmic web. In addition, observations of the matter distribution require high angular resolution in order to be able to map the matter distribution within and around galaxy clusters. MISTRAL is a camera working at 90GHz which, once coupled to the Sardinia Radio Telescope, can reach $12''$ angular resolution over $4'$ field of view (f.o.v.). The forecasted sensitivity is $NEFD \simeq 10-15mJy \sqrt{s}$ and the mapping speed is $MS= 380'^{2}/mJy^{2}/h$. MISTRAL was recently installed at the focus of the SRT and soon will take its first photons., Comment: To appear in Proc. of the mm Universe 2023 conference, Grenoble (France), June 2023, published by F. Mayet et al. (Eds), EPJ Web of conferences, EDP Sciences
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- 2023
44. Hidden temperature in the KMP model
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De Masi, Anna, Ferrari, Pablo A., and Gabrielli, Davide
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Mathematics - Probability ,Condensed Matter - Statistical Mechanics ,37B15, 37K40, 60C05 - Abstract
In the Kipnis Marchioro Presutti (KMP) model a positive energy $\zeta_i$ is associated with each vertex $i$ of a finite graph with a boundary. When a Poisson clock rings at an edge $ij$ with energies $\zeta_i,\zeta_j$, those values are substituted by $U(\zeta_i+\zeta_j)$ and $(1-U)(\zeta_i+\zeta_j)$, respectively, where $U$ is a uniform random variable in $(0,1)$. A value $T_j\ge 0$ is fixed at each boundary vertex $j$. The dynamics is defined in such way that the resulting Markov process $\zeta(t)$, satisfies that $\zeta_j(t)$ is exponential with mean $T_j$, for each boundary vertex $j$, for all $t$. We show that the invariant measure is the distribution of a vector $\zeta$ with coordinates $\zeta_i=T_i X_i$, where $X_i$ are iid exponential$(1)$ random variables, the law of $T$ is the invariant measure for an opinion random averaging/gossip model with the same boundary conditions of $\zeta$, and the vectors $X$ and $T$ are independent. The result confirms a conjecture based on the large deviations of the model. When the graph is one-dimensional, we bound the correlations of the invariant measure and perform the hydrostatic limit. We show that the empirical measure of a configuration chosen with the invariant measure converges to the linear interpolation of the boundary values., Comment: 35 pages, 4 figures
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- 2023
45. Identifying frequency decorrelated dust residuals in B-mode maps by exploiting the spectral capability of bolometric interferometry
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Regnier, M., Manzan, E., Hamilton, J. -Ch, Mennella, A., Errard, J., Zapelli, L., Torchinsky, S. A., Paradiso, S., Battistelli, E., De Bernardis, P., Colombo, L., De Petris, M., D'Alessandro, G., Garcia, B., Gervasi, M., Masi, S., Mousset, L., Granese, N. Miron, O'Sullivan, C., Piat, M., Rasztocky, E., Romero, G. E., Scoccola, C. G., and Zannoni, M.
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Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics - Abstract
Astrophysical polarized foregrounds represent the most critical challenge in Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) B-mode experiments. Multi-frequency observations can be used to constrain astrophysical foregrounds to isolate the CMB contribution. However, recent observations indicate that foreground emission may be more complex than anticipated. We investigate how the increased spectral resolution provided by band splitting in Bolometric Interferometry (BI) through a technique called spectral imaging can help control the foreground contamination in the case of unaccounted Galactic dust frequency decorrelation along the line-of-sight. We focus on the next generation ground-based CMB experiment CMB-S4, and compare its anticipated sensitivities, frequency and sky coverage with a hypothetical version of the same experiment based on BI. We perform a Monte-Carlo analysis based on parametric component separation methods (FGBuster and Commander) and compute the likelihood on the recovered tensor-to-scalar ratio. The main result of this analysis is that spectral imaging allows us to detect systematic uncertainties on r from frequency decorrelation when this effect is not accounted for in component separation. Conversely, an imager would detect a biased value of r and would be unable to spot the presence of a systematic effect. We find a similar result in the reconstruction of the dust spectral index, where we show that with BI we can measure more precisely the dust spectral index also when frequency decorrelation is present. The in-band frequency resolution provided by BI allows us to identify dust LOS frequency decorrelation residuals where an imager of similar performance would fail. This opens the prospect to exploit this potential in the context of future CMB polarization experiments that will be challenged by complex foregrounds in their quest for B-modes detection., Comment: 13 Pages, 15 figures, 4 tables. Accepted by A&A
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- 2023
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46. A large topographic feature on the surface of the trans-Neptunian object (307261) 2002 MS$_4$ measured from stellar occultations
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Rommel, F. L., Braga-Ribas, F., Ortiz, J. L., Sicardy, B., Santos-Sanz, P., Desmars, J., Camargo, J. I. B., Vieira-Martins, R., Assafin, M., Morgado, B. E., Boufleur, R. C., Benedetti-Rossi, G., Gomes-Júnior, A. R., Fernández-Valenzuela, E., Holler, B. J., Souami, D., Duffard, R., Margoti, G., Vara-Lubiano, M., Lecacheux, J., Plouvier, J. L., Morales, N., Maury, A., Fabrega, J., Ceravolo, P., Jehin, E., Albanese, D., Mariey, H., Cikota, S., Ruždjak, D., Cikota, A., Szakáts, R., Aissa, D. Baba, Gringahcene, Z., Kashuba, V., Koshkin, N., Zhukov, V., Fişek, S., Çakır, O., Özer, S., Schnabel, C., Schnabel, M., Signoret, F., Morrone, L., Santana-Ros, T., Pereira, C. L., Emilio, M., Burdanov, A. Y., de Wit, J., Barkaoui, K., Gillon, M., Leto, G., Frasca, A., Catanzaro, G., Sanchez, R. Zanmar, Tagliaferri, U., Di Sora, M., Isopi, G., Krugly, Y., Slyusarev, I., Chiorny, V., Mikuž, H., Bacci, P., Maestripieri, M., Grazia, M. D., de la Cueva, I., Yuste-Moreno, M., Ciabattari, F., Kozhukhov, O. M., Serra-Ricart, M., Alarcon, M. R., Licandro, J., Masi, G., Bacci, R., Bosch, J. M., Behem, R., Prost, J. -P., Renner, S., Conjat, M., Bachini, M., Succi, G., Stoian, L., Juravle, A., Carosati, D., Gowe, B., Carrillo, J., Zheleznyak, A. P., Montigiani, N., Foster, C. R., Mannucci, M., Ruocco, N., Cuevas, F., Di Marcantonio, P., Coretti, I., Iafrate, G., Baldini, V., Collins, M., Pál, A., Csák, B., Fernández-Garcia, E., Castro-Tirado, A. J., Hudin, L., Madiedo, J. M., Anghel, R. M., Calvo-Fernández, J. F., Valvasori, A., Guido, E., Gherase, R. M., Kamoun, S., Fafet, R., Sánchez-González, M., Curelaru, L., Vîntdevară, C. D., Danescu, C. A., Gout, J. -F., Schmitz, C. J., Sota, A., Belskaya, I., Rodríguez-Marco, M., Kilic, Y., Frappa, E., Klotz, A., Lavayssière, M., Oliveira, J. Marques, Popescu, M., Mammana, L. A., Fernández-Lajús, E., Schmidt, M., Hopp, U., Komžík, R., Pribulla, T., Tomko, D., Husárik, M., Erece, O., Eryilmaz, S., Buzzi, L., Gährken, B., Nardiello, D., Hornoch, K., Sonbas, E., Er, H., Burwitz, V., Sybilski, P. Waldemar, Bykowski, W., Müller, T. G., Ogloza, W., Gonçalves, R., Ferreira, J. F., Ferreira, M., Bento, M., Meister, S., Bagiran, M. N., Tekeş, M., Marciniak, A., Moravec, Z., Delinčák, P., Gianni, G., Casalnuovo, G. B., Boutet, M., Sanchez, J., Klemt, B., Wuensche, N., Burzynski, W., Borkowski, M., Serrau, M., Dangl, G., Klös, O., Weber, C., Urbaník, M., Rousselot, L., Kubánek, J., André, P., Colazo, C., Spagnotto, J., Sickafoose, A. A., Hueso, R., Sánchez-Lavega, A., Fisher, R. S., Rengstorf, A. W., Perelló, C., Dascalu, M., Altan, M., Gazeas, K., de Santana, T., Sfair, R., Winter, O. C., Kalkan, S., Canales-Moreno, O., Trigo-Rodríguez, J. M., Tsamis, V., Tigani, K., Sioulas, N., Lekkas, G., Bertesteanu, D. N., Dumitrescu, V., Wilberger, A. J., Barnes, J. W., Fieber-Beyer, S. K., Swaney, R. L., Fuentes, C., Mendez, R. A., Dumitru, B. D., Flynn, R. L., and Wake, D. A.
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Astrophysics - Earth and Planetary Astrophysics - Abstract
This work aims at constraining the size, shape, and geometric albedo of the dwarf planet candidate 2002 MS4 through the analysis of nine stellar occultation events. Using multichord detection, we also studied the object's topography by analyzing the obtained limb and the residuals between observed chords and the best-fitted ellipse. We predicted and organized the observational campaigns of nine stellar occultations by 2002 MS4 between 2019 and 2022, resulting in two single-chord events, four double-chord detections, and three events with three to up to sixty-one positive chords. Using 13 selected chords from the 8 August 2020 event, we determined the global elliptical limb of 2002 MS4. The best-fitted ellipse, combined with the object's rotational information from the literature, constrains the object's size, shape, and albedo. Additionally, we developed a new method to characterize topography features on the object's limb. The global limb has a semi-major axis of 412 $\pm$ 10 km, a semi-minor axis of 385 $\pm$ 17 km, and the position angle of the minor axis is 121 $^\circ$ $\pm$ 16$^\circ$. From this instantaneous limb, we obtained 2002 MS4's geometric albedo and the projected area-equivalent diameter. Significant deviations from the fitted ellipse in the northernmost limb are detected from multiple sites highlighting three distinct topographic features: one 11 km depth depression followed by a 25$^{+4}_{-5}$ km height elevation next to a crater-like depression with an extension of 322 $\pm$ 39 km and 45.1 $\pm$ 1.5 km deep. Our results present an object that is $\approx$138 km smaller in diameter than derived from thermal data, possibly indicating the presence of a so-far unknown satellite. However, within the error bars, the geometric albedo in the V-band agrees with the results published in the literature, even with the radiometric-derived albedo.
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- 2023
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47. Hand tracking for clinical applications: validation of the Google MediaPipe Hand (GMH) and the depth-enhanced GMH-D frameworks
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Amprimo, Gianluca, Masi, Giulia, Pettiti, Giuseppe, Olmo, Gabriella, Priano, Lorenzo, and Ferraris, Claudia
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Computer Science - Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition ,Computer Science - Artificial Intelligence - Abstract
Accurate 3D tracking of hand and fingers movements poses significant challenges in computer vision. The potential applications span across multiple domains, including human-computer interaction, virtual reality, industry, and medicine. While gesture recognition has achieved remarkable accuracy, quantifying fine movements remains a hurdle, particularly in clinical applications where the assessment of hand dysfunctions and rehabilitation training outcomes necessitate precise measurements. Several novel and lightweight frameworks based on Deep Learning have emerged to address this issue; however, their performance in accurately and reliably measuring fingers movements requires validation against well-established gold standard systems. In this paper, the aim is to validate the handtracking framework implemented by Google MediaPipe Hand (GMH) and an innovative enhanced version, GMH-D, that exploits the depth estimation of an RGB-Depth camera to achieve more accurate tracking of 3D movements. Three dynamic exercises commonly administered by clinicians to assess hand dysfunctions, namely Hand Opening-Closing, Single Finger Tapping and Multiple Finger Tapping are considered. Results demonstrate high temporal and spectral consistency of both frameworks with the gold standard. However, the enhanced GMH-D framework exhibits superior accuracy in spatial measurements compared to the baseline GMH, for both slow and fast movements. Overall, our study contributes to the advancement of hand tracking technology, the establishment of a validation procedure as a good-practice to prove efficacy of deep-learning-based hand-tracking, and proves the effectiveness of GMH-D as a reliable framework for assessing 3D hand movements in clinical applications.
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- 2023
48. Use of Antioxidants to Reduce Chromium (VI) Formation during the Leather Tanning Process
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Omar Salmi, Alessandro Molinelli, Simone Gelosa, Alessandro Sacchetti, Filippo Rossi, and Maurizio Masi
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chromium (III) oxidizing ,antioxidants ,fatliquoring agents ,chromium tanning ,leather ,Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering ,TD1-1066 ,Chemical technology ,TP1-1185 - Abstract
For a long time, the leather industry has considered the chromium tanning process to be the easiest and fastest way to treat raw hides and transform them into valuable products. In the last few decades, increasing attention has been paid to the potential oxidation of the trivalent chromium in tanned leather. This happens for many reasons, such as the quality of the tanning agent or the adoption of good manufacturing practices. Anyway, the main problem, which is difficult to solve, is the sensibility of the free residual chromium tanned leather, which is high enough for possible harmful activity. Given this scenario, this work proposes a solution to decrease hexavalent chromium formation by using antioxidants during the leather tanning process. In this regard, a screening work was started, to find the worst-case scenario for trivalent chromium oxidation. To do this, commercial tanning products were employed, especially fatliquoring agents, which, in some cases, are the main source that could easily react with ROS (Reactive Oxygen Species) to drive chromium oxidation. After the determination of conditions, different groups of common antioxidants were tested to analyse the antioxidation performances and their possible use in the chromium-based tanning process. The results underline the efficient action of the antioxidants studied, paving the way for some interesting perspectives to limit the drawbacks of chromium tanned leather.
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- 2024
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49. Impact of metformin, statin, aspirin and insulin on the prognosis of uHCC patients receiving first line Lenvatinib or Atezolizumab plus Bevacizumab
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Margherita Rimini, Margarida Montes, Elisabeth Amadeo, Francesco Vitiello, Masatoshi Kudo, Toshifumi Tada, Goki Suda, Shigeo Shimose, Sara Lonardi, Fabian Finkelmeier, Francesca Salani, Lorenzo Antonuzzo, Fabio Marra, Massimo Iavarone, Giuseppe Cabibbo, Francesco Giuseppe Foschi, Marianna Silletta, Rodolfo Sacco, Ilario Giovanni Rapposelli, Mario Scartozzi, Pella Nicoletta, Luca Aldrighetti, Mara Persano, Silvia Camera, Federico Rossari, Silvia Foti, Takashi Kumada, Atsushi Hiraoka, Hideki Iwamoto, Mario Domenico Rizzato, Vera Himmelsbach, Gianluca Masi, Mattia Corradi, Ciro Celsa, Conti Fabio, Giovanni Luca Frassineti, Stefano Cascinu, Andrea Casadei-Gardini, and Jose Presa
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Advanced HCC ,Atezolizumab ,Bevacizumab ,Lenvatinib BMI ,Medicine ,Science - Abstract
Abstract Recently, in Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) setting, the use of metformin has been associated to a trend toward worse response rate, overall survival and progression free survival in patients who received immunotherapy. The study population included individuals from both Eastern and Western regions with a confirmed diagnosis of HCC and receiving first line treatment with Atezolizumab plus bevacizumab or Lenvatinib. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed by Cox proportional. For the analysis, patients were stratified based on their use of concomitant medication or not. At the time of database lock, 319 deaths were observed: 209 in the Lenvatinib cohort, 110 in the Atezolizumab plus bevacizumab cohort. In the Atezolizumab plus Bevacizumab arm, 50 (16.5%) patients were on chronic metformin use. At the univariate analysis for OS, patients who used metformin showed significantly shorter OS compared to patients who did not use metformin (HR 1.9, 95% CI 1.1–3.2). Multivariate analysis confirmed that patients in metformin group had significantly shorter OS compared to patients in no-metformin group (HR 1.9; 95% CI 1.1–3.1). At the univariate analysis for PFS, patients in metformin group had significantly shorter PFS compared to patients in no-metformin group (HR 1.6, 95% CI 1.0–2.6). Multivariate analysis confirmed that patients in metformin group had significantly shorter PFS compared to patients in no-metformin group (HR 1.7; 95% CI 1.1–2.7; p = 0.0147). No differences were reported in terms of ORR and DCR between patients in metformin group and those in no-metformin group. In the Lenvatinib cohort, 65 (15%) patients were recorded to chronically use metformin. No statistically significant differences in terms of both OS and PFS were found between patients in metformin group and patients in no-metformin group. This analysis unveils a negative prognostic role associated with metformin use specifically within the Atezolizumab plus Bevacizumab group.
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- 2024
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50. Sex-difference of multifactorial intervention on cardiovascular and mortality risk in DKD: post-hoc analysis of a randomised clinical trial
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Roberto Minutolo, Vittorio Simeon, Luca De Nicola, Paolo Chiodini, Raffaele Galiero, Luca Rinaldi, Alfredo Caturano, Erica Vetrano, Celestino Sardu, Raffaele Marfella, Ferdinando Carlo Sasso, NID-2 Study Group Investigators, A. Lampitella Jr, A. Lampitella, A. Lanzilli, N. Lascar, S. Masi, P. Mattei, V. Mastrilli, P. Memoli, R. Minutolo, R. Nasti, A. Pagano, M. Pentangelo, E. Pisa, E. Rossi, F. C Sasso, S. Sorrentino, R. Torella, R. Troise, P. Trucillo, A. A. Turco, S. Turco,, F. Zibella, and L. Zirpoli
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Diseases of the circulatory (Cardiovascular) system ,RC666-701 - Abstract
Abstract Objective Women with type 2 diabetes experience higher cardiovascular and mortality risk than men possibly because of a sub-optimal cardio-protective treatment. We evaluated whether an intensive multifactorial therapy (MT) produces similar protective effect on development of adverse outcomes in women and men. Research design and methods Nephropathy in Diabetes type 2 study is an open-label cluster randomized trial comparing the effect of Usual Care (UC) or MT of main cardiovascular risk factors (blood pressure
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- 2024
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