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The problem in this study is that learning is dominated by the lecture method by teachers. The purpose of this research is to analyze the use of the mind mapping model in improving the learning outcomes of Islamic Religious Education in grade V students of SD Pesantren Al-Falah Wuluhan Jember. The use of the mind mapping model is very effective to come up with ideas and notes that students make to form a pattern of thinking with the topic and sub-topic of discussion and its branches. The mind mapping model prepares, first to determine learning objectives, second to compile learning tools using the mind mapping learning model, third to prepare cartons and color tools to make mind mapping, and fourth to make evaluation tools. After that, learning is by what you want to achieve or RPP. The research used is Class Action Research where the implementation of research is carried out in 2 cycles of Action treatment. Each cycle is carried out in the presence of planning and execution. The object of study was 22 students consisting of 10 men and 12 women. The results of the study stated that the treatment cycle began with a procyclical which obtained an average of 42.27 from 22 students. This condition was continued on Action Cycles 1 and 2 with an average gain of 64.55 and 85.77, respectively. From the three cyclical actions, the completeness of learning outcomes in cycle 1 was 36.36%, and in cycle 2 it was 77.27%. From the results of the study, it can be concluded that the use of the mind mapping model can improve student learning outcomes in Islamic Religious Education subjects with the subject matter Lesson 2 Knowing Allah and His Book.

Falcataria moluccana is a widespread species that grows rapidly in Indonesia and produces timber used for carpentry. Nonetheless, this species is especially susceptible to gall rust disease. To find plants that can handle rust, a mix of breeding with progeny experiments and forest management methods, like arbuscular mycorrhiza (AM), were used. The point of this study is to find out if adding AM changes how F. moluccana seedlings grow and how they react to gall rust disease, both those that have been improved and those that have not. We will also look at the response by calculating the area under disease progress curves (AUDPC) value for rust disease to grow in F. moluccana seedlings. The experimental design comprised four different treatments, including varying quantities of mycorrhizae, as well as four different seed sources. For the mycorrhizal inoculation experiments, there was a control group and three treatment groups. The treatment groups got 5, 10, and 15 g of mycorrhiza per polybag, respectively. The seeds used in this study were sourced from two unimproved families, namely Java and Solomon, as well as two genetically improved families, F63 and F77. This study revealed that mycorrhizal application affects the growth of F. moluccana seedlings and significantly reduces both disease incidence and severity. The application of mycorrhiza reduces the disease incidence and severity; the AUPDC value of seedlings with mycorrhiza added is four times lower than that of seedlings without mycorrhiza. The disease severity was highest for the unimproved Solomon seedlings, despite the fact that the source of seeds had little impact on the disease incidence. Meanwhile, the genetically improved seedlings demonstrated lower disease incidence and severity rates than seedlings without improvement, with an AUPDC value nearly half that of the unimproved seedling. In terms of diameter and height, F. mollucana seedlings derived from various seed sources were remarkably diverse, and seedlings with improvements grew much better than seedlings without improvements. This study shows how arbuscular mycorrhiza affects how well improved and unimproved F. moluccana seedlings deal with gall rust disease.

The aim of this research is to examine the influence of environmental factors on students' entrepreneurial decisions in Indonesia. Based on theoretical mapping and previous research, the results showed that the environmental factors in question are the internal and external environment. The research design used is quantitative, with the population consisting of alumni of the Master of Sharia Economics UIN SATU Tulungagung. Based on the distribution of questionnaires to 158 alumni, 123 respondents or 78% were obtained and the remaining 22% did not fill out the questionnaire. By analyzing data using regression, the results showed that there was a significant positive internal and external environment on entrepreneurial decisions. Respondents were motivated to become entrepreneurs because it has been their dream since birth, government policies are pro-entrepreneurship, open access to obtain financing, entrepreneurship has become a culture, and promises independence for an entrepreneur.

Karst areas in Indonesia are arid landscapes with water-use limitations because of dissolved carbonates. Long-term water scarcity stunts plant growth and often kills them. For tropical karst forestry-greening, the three best legume and three best non-legume species from a previous trial comprising 20 species were compared. Since October 2011, seedlings of the top three non-legume, species Aleurites mollucana, Sterculia foetida, and Alstonia scholaris, and three legume species, Acacia auriculiformis, Cassea seamea, and Acacia mangium, have been grown for four months. In January 2012, field trials were established at two dry karst locations, i.e., Pracimantoro, Central Java, and Bunder, Gunung Kidul Yogyakarta. A randomized block design was used to raise 1.764 seedlings at the two sites with 7×7 plots, 3×3 spacing between trees, and three blocks. After 10 months, legumes and non-legumes differed greatly in all growth parameters. These disparities lasted up to 30 months, when trees should have adapted to their new surroundings. After seven years of planting, legume trees raised the soil's organic matter concentration from low to medium, making it more fertile, similar to soil from intensive agricultural regions. Thus, early or mixed legume plantings on tropical karst sites may aid in better re-greening than the establishment of non-legumes.

Aims. Osteoarthritis is a degenerative and progressive disease characterized by abrasion of joint cartilage and irregular formation of new bone on the surface of the joints. Pain becomes the main symptom followed by a decrease in joint range of motion, causing disability and interfering with daily activities. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of osteoarthritis exercise on pain and joint range of motion in osteoarthritis patients. Methods. The research design used a quasy experiment with a non-equivalent control group design approach. The sample used was 70 respondents for each intervention group and control group. Intervention in the form of physical exercise osteoarthritis exercise guided by an instructor and using audio-visual media. Exercise is carried out 3 times a week for 2 weeks. For stretching and flexibility exercises using yoga mats and bath towels and for strength building exercises using chairs. The pain scale was measured with a numeric rating scale (NRS) instrument and measurement of joint range of motion using a goniometer. Data analysis used numerical comparative analytic paired-sample t test and independent t test. Findings. The results showed that the results of the paired t test (p) 0.05. Conclusion. The conclusion of the study was that there was an effect of osteoarthritis gymnastics training in reducing the osteoarthritis pain scale and joint range of motion scale. Then there is no difference between the control group and the intervention group who get gymnastic exercises and do not get osteoarthritis gymnastic exercises. Keywords: Osteoarthritis exercise; Osteoarthritis; Pain, Joint range of motion

Numerous conflicts have arisen since the Omnibus Law-based Job Creation Law was passed, particularly in the environmental cluster. In this instance, it is evident in the environmental cluster of Article 22 Number 33 of the Job Creation Law, where the phrase "without the need to prove elements of error" is omitted, leading to ambiguity in its meaning. Subsequently, the legal ramifications for law enforcement, settlement quality, and environmental preservation; following this, the legal ramifications for land fire and forest fire incidents; and last, the indirect legal ramifications for environmental legal politics. As the owner of the authority, the government should review and revise the Job Creation Law in the environmental cluster and strengthen the law enforcement system in order to achieve justice and a sustainable development without ignoring the protection and management of the environment so that its sustainability is always maintained both now and in the future. This is because the government is best suited to manage matters like these, which have connections to law enforcement and other important legal components. It's likely that the data from this study will be useful for future research on the environment or other subjects..

Remote sensing data and USLE models have been used widely for erosion analysis. In Indonesia, the USLE model is a reference in erosion analysis to assess land suitability for agricultural crop development. Erosion analysis using remote sensing data provides various advantages, including good accuracy, lower costs, and can analyze erosion rates quickly compared to direct measurement methods. The aim of this study was to analyze the potential erosion in the Arui watershed - Manokwari Regency – West Papua Province using remote sensing data and USLE models. The research was conducted from April to July 2022, with three main stages i.e data inventory, data analysis, and erosion rate estimation. The research shows that the potential erosion rate in the Arui watershed is 15 tons/ha/year or 3.480 tons/year, thus exceeding the tolerable soil loss (TSL) erosion rate threshold of 9.6 tons/ha/year. Therefore, a conservation and restoration program is needed to control the erosion rate in the Arui watershed.

Mahar is not a necessary component of marriage, but its presence is required. Marriage Law No. 1 of 1974, KHI, and Islamic Law do not address mahar in detail. Community customs are frequently used as a benchmark in determining mahar, as long as they do not conflict with national or Islamic law. In Kudus area, the provision of mahar in valuables form and as a source of initial livelihood is manifested in the form of buffalo. Throughout its history, this mahar's gift has ranged from no provision to a buffalo of unknown origin. This qualitative-empirical study in Kudus area will investigate the philosophical significance of choosing a buffalo as a marriage mahar as well as the process of law enculturation in society. The philosophical basis for selecting a buffalo is that it represents a powerful animal at work and can be used as livestock to sustain life. Because of changing times, animals are no longer able to fulfill people's desires as working animals and sources of income; the shift in changing the marriage mahar from animals to motorbikes is a new alternative form and an unavoidable choice in responding to the challenges of changing times. Keywords: Legal Enculturation; Mahar; Animal; Motorcycle; Marriage Mahar bukan rukun perkawinan tetapi keberadaannya wajib ada. Undang-undang Perkawinan No 1 tahun 1974, KHI dan Hukum Islam tidak mengatur secara detail tentang mahar. Adat kebiasaan yang ada dimasyarakat seringkali dijadikan patokan dalam penentuan mahar selama tidak bertentang dengan hukum nasional dan hukum Islam. Ketentuan mahar berupa barang berharga dan sebagai bentuk nafkah awal diwujudkan dalam bentuk hewan kerbau di daerah Kudus. Dalam sejarahnya pemberian mahar ini berubah dari tidak tidak ada ketentuan menjadi kerbau tidak diketahui asal usulnya. Penelitian kualitatif-empiris didaerah Kudus ini akan melihat makna filosofis dipilihnya hewan kerbau sebagai mahar perkawinan dan proses enkulturasi hukum di masyarakat. Dasar filosofis dipilihnya hewan kerbau adalah sebagai simbol hewan yang kuat dalam bekerja dan dapat dijadikan hewan ternak untuk menopang kehidupan. Perubahan zaman menjadikan hewan tidak lagi mampu memenuhi keinginan masyarakat sebagai hewan pekerja dan menopang penghasilan, pergeseran merubah mahar perkawinan hewan ke motor merupakan bentuk alternatif baru dan pilihan yang tidak bisa dielakkan dalam menjawab tantangan perubahan. Kata kunci: Enkulturasi Hukum; Mahar; Hewan; Motor; Perkawinan

The purpose of this study is to determine the independence of students' learning in distance learning at Madrasah Aliyah Negeri (MAN) Jember Regency. This research method uses a research method based on the philosophy of post positivism, which is used to examine the condition of natural objects. data source sampling was done purposively and snowballed. Data collection techniques with triangulation (combined), data analysis are inductive / qualitative, and the results of qualitative research emphasize meaning more than generalization. The research location is MAN 1 Jember, Jember Regency. The results of this study are in the form of educators at MAN 1 Jember are very dedicated in carrying out existing tasks. It can be seen that during distance learning during the pandemic, the board of educators still came to the school besides that by implementing strict health protocols. In its use, virtual learning brings students who are far away closer to continue learning and are not limited by time and space, but have not been able to be carried out due to existing technical constraints so that there is a need for readiness to use facilities and infrastructure. The conclusion in this study is the independence of student learning in distance learning at MAN 1 Jember in the form of learning activities that are given full flexibility over student learning activities with supervision within the scope of madrasahs. Flexibility is also given to students with the distribution of learning quotas that can be used to carry out student learning activities through room meeting applications such as Zoom meetings, google meet, Microsoft teams, WhatsApp Groups, Telegram, and so on. With the Covid-19 pandemic, it has not dampened the spirit of student learning independence and does not relax students' enthusiasm and learning outcomes

Kambing merupakan sumber daging dan susu di banyak negara berkembang, karena kemampuannya untuk bertahan hidup dan tumbuh di bawah lingkungan iklim yang keras dibandingkan ruminansia lainnya. Fenomena ini memudahkan beternak kambing tanpa fasilitas yang canggih dan kebutuhan nutrisinya dapat dipenuhi dari berbagai jenis pakan atau padang penggembalaan yang tersedia. Tujuan utama dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengevaluasi pengaruh penambahan biji kurma dalam pakan konsentrat terhadap rata-rata pertambahan bobot badan harian dan status gizi kambing Peranakan Etawah. Dua puluh ekor kambing dipilih secara acak dan didistribusikan ke dalam empat perlakuan masing-masing 5 ekor kambing. Kambing diberi pakan hijauan 60% Pennisetum purpureum dan 40% pakan konsentrat yang mengandung 0; 7.5; 15 dan 22,5% tepung biji kurma. Terdapat pengaruh yang nyata (P

This journal aims to find out the design of Islamic religious education learning with the ADDIE model, therefore there are several learning designs, one of which is instructional. In the learning system there is a generic model. One of them is the ADDIE generic model system. The model has to do with learning Islamic religious education. The research method uses a qualitative approach with library research. ADDIE is a generic model that can be applied in education. ADDIE itself is the acronym of Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation and Evaluation which can be applied procedurally, cyclically and integratively. The approach used is ADDIE Procedural, the goal is to require an educator to take steps in sequence. Learning Islamic Religious Education can be known progress and well-validated learning because of the steps that have been well structured.

This study aims to determine the Quantitative and Qualitative Characteristic of Thin and Fat Tail Sheep. The study starts from August 2023 until December 2023 in PT Juara Agroniaga Sejahtera, Jepangrejo Village, Blora City District, Blora Regency. The material used in this study was 39 Thin-tailed Sheep and 28 Fat-tailed Sheep aged 1-2 years. The variables measured where Quantitative data were body height (BH), body length (BL), chest circumference (CC), body weight (BW), and Qualitative data were fur color and horn. Data were analyzed using the Pearson correlation, and regression method. The results of this study showed that the correlation between body height (BH), body length (BL), chest circumference (CC) with body weight (BW) in DET and DEG were 0.62, 0.71, 0.72, 0.27, 0.69, 0.65 respectively. The results of this study showed that the regression between body height (BH), body length (BL), chest circumference (CC) with body weight (BW) in DET and DEG were BW = -14.03 + 0.71 BH; BW = -15.45 + 0.74 BL; BW = -21.95 + 0.65 CC and BW = 8.69 + 0.33 BH; BW = -6.76 ± 0.59 BL; BW = -19.43 ± 0.65 CC respectively. The results of this study showed that the dominant wool color pattern of DET is single white, 74.36% white, 15.38% black, and 5.13% brown and DEG is single white, 67.86% white, 14.29% black, and 7.14% brown. DET was 2.56% with horn then 97.44% without horn and DEG is 100% without horn.

The aim of the study was to evaluate productivity and Land Equivalent Ratio (LER) Napier grass-based intercropping with Legume Cover Crop (LCC). The experiment conducted at Teaching Farm Faculty of Animal Science, Universitas Brawijaya. Three type of LCC (A) were Clitoria ternatea, Centrocema pubescens and Pueraria javanica and number of row of LCC (B) that nested on factor A. Each treatment repeated 4 times. One plot of experiment were 5 × 4 m (30 plants, 5 row). Parameters that observed were productivity (fresh and dry matter forage production) and LER. Data analyzed with Variance Analysis using Completely Randomized Block Nested Design. The result has shown that type of LCC had influenced on fresh and dry matter forage production while row number of LCC had not influenced. Land Equivalent Ratio Napier grass-based intercropping with two row of LCC were higher than one row of LCC, especially intercropping with Clitoria ternatea and Pueraria javanica have LER > 1, in order 1.073 and 1.028. It can be concluded that type of LCC on intercropping had influence on forage production and intercropping Napier grass with two rows of LCC are more effective to maintain forage production and sustainable animal production with high quality forage.

One of the strategies to increase the cattle population in Indonesia is the AI (Artificial Insemination) method. The AI program's improvement of reproductive efficiency can use the oestrus synchronization method. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of body weight and body condition score on the oestrus synchronization response with the brand "lutelyse." This research was conducted in Senggreng Village, Sumberpucung District, Malang Regency, This research method uses experimental field experiments with a sampling technique of purposive sampling. This study took a sample of 21, aged 1,5 –5 years, synchronized with PGF2α as much as 5 ml, which was then carried out by observing oestrus behavior for 24 hours after synchronization. The results showed that, the percentage of oestrus in cows with body condition score (BCS) 4, which is 76.92%, is lower than cows with BCS 5, which is 100%. For the synchronization distance with the onset of oestrus in BCS 4 cattle, namely 3802.92 ± 1007.80 (minutes) and BCS 5, namely 4081 ± 884.91 (minutes) with the results of the conception rate of BCS 4 cattle of 38.46% and BCS 5 of 50%. Based on the results of the study, it was concluded that BCS 5 has a higher success pregnancy rate than BCS 4.

The study aimed to evaluate the production performance of male Limousine Crossbreed cattle with different feed levels with the addition of RD flour. It used nine male Limousine crossbreed cattle, aged 0,05) and on Daily gain, Average daily gain, and IOFC (P

The current research examined the impacts of English cultural awareness on Indonesian EFL students’ grammar knowledge. To achieve this objective, 40 advanced participants were chosen according to their performance on the Oxford Quick Placement Test (OQPT). Then, the participants were equally divided into two groups of 20; an experimental and a control group. A grammar pre-test was administered to assess their knowledge of grammar prior to applying the instruction. After conducting the pre-test, the researchers taught the grammar points to the experimental group through using English cultural materials. On the other side, the grammar points were taught to the control group by using a traditional method. The instruction was conducted in 9 sessions of 45 minutes, and in the last session, the post-test of grammar was given to both groups in order to measure the impacts of the instruction on the participants’ grammar improvement. The findings revealed that the culture group had better performance than the conventional group after the treatment.

Leucaena leucocephala is a potential species for wood-energy production in Indonesia. A study of genetic improvement was initiated with a progeny test of 80 lines from 10 seed sources. Plant height and stem diameter were measured at 6 and 18 months, growth index (GI) calculated at 18 months and wood biomass production measured at 30 months. Differences between seed sources for height and diameter were observed at 6 months but not at 18 months. Significant differences between lines within seed source were observed for height and diameter at 6 months and these differences remained at 18 months. Differences between lines for GI and biomass were significant at 18 and 30 months respectively. At 18 months, line mean heritability for height, diameter and GI were estimated to be moderate, namely 0.62, 0.61 and 0.62 respectively. At 30 months line mean heritability for biomass was moderately low (0.39). Genetic correlations between height and diameter were moderately high at 6 months (0.74) and increased at 18 months (0.82), while correlation between diameters at 6 and 18 months was high (0.93). The expected genetic gain from selecting the 25 and 10 best lines with a high line value for GI was 33.7% and 48.8% respectively, with lines from the Indonesian local seed sources found to be the best performers. Three lines from the newly introduced Tarramba cultivar also had good performance. These results are discussed in relation to the future improvement program of this species for wood energy production.

Sepsis is a medical emergency that describes the body's systemic immunological response to infectious processes that can lead to end-stage organ dysfunction and death. The role of nurses in tackling sepsis patients is critical to identifying the initial condition of sepsis and reducing the continuation of even more severe sepsis. This narrative review aims to identify the role of nurses in treating sepsis patients in critical care units. This research method was the narrative review by analyzing online search databases namely Pubmed, Google Scholar, and Science Direct. The search inclusion criteria were an English-language article, published in 2008-2021, full text, the keywords used were "sepsis", "the role of nurses", "critical care". Our search found 11 articles showed that the role of nurses in treating sepsis patients is early introduction to sepsis to start treatment, team training to ensure a safe and effective approach and the implementation of infection prevention and control measures as prevention of sepsis. So the role of nurses in tackling sepsis patients is critical to identifying the early conditions of sepsis, controlling and preventing sepsis, preventing the progression of the disease and contributing to decreased morbidity and mortality.Keywords: sepsis; the role of nurses; critical care ABSTRAK Sepsis merupakan keadaan darurat medis yang menggambarkan respons imunologi sistemik tubuh terhadap proses infeksi yang dapat menyebabkan disfungsi organ stadium akhir dan kematian. Peran perawat dalam menanggulangi pasien sepsis sangatlah penting untuk mengidentifikasi kondisi awal sepsis serta mengurangi kelanjutan sepsis yang lebih berat lagi. Tinjauan naratif ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi peran perawat dalam merawat pasien sepsis di unit critical care.Metode penelitian ini adalah narrative review dengan menganalisis database online pencarian yaitu Pubmed, Google Scholar, dan Science Direct. Kriteria inklusi pencarian adalah artikel berbahasa inggris, terbit tahun 2008-2021, full text, dengan kata kunci pencarian “sepsis”, “the role of nurses”, “critical care”. Dari hasil penelusuran kami menemukan 11 artikel yang menunjukkan bahwa peran perawat dalam merawat pasien sepsis yaitu adanya pengenalan dini terhadap sepsis untuk memulai pengobatan, pelatihan tim untuk memastikan pendekatan yang aman dan efektif serta penerapan langkah-langkah pencegahan dan pengendalian infeksi sebagai pencegahan sepsis. Sehingga peran perawat dalam menanggulangi pasien sepsis sangatlah penting untuk mengidentifikasi kondisi awal sepsis, pengendalian dan pencegahan sepsis, mencegah perkembangan penyakit dan berkontribusi pada penurunan morbiditas dan mortalitas.Kata kunci: sepsis; peran perawat; perawatan kritis

The hydroponic method could be used as a solution to overcome the difficulty of the availability and continuity of fodder. One of the fodder that can be developed using hydroponic method is sorghum. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the quality of hydroponic sorghum fodder as a feed alternative for ruminants. The treatment used in this study was the use of organic fertilizer as a nitrogen source which was derived from cow and goat manures. The treatments used in this study were P0: 36 ml EM4 + molasses, P1: 36 ml EM4 + molasses + cattle manure, and P2: 36 ml EM4 + molasses + goat manure. Each treatment consisted of 40 g of sorghum seeds. The fodder was harvested at 7, 14 and 21 days of age. The variables observed of this study were nutrient content, in vitro digestibility value, and gas production. Based on the results of the study, it could be concluded that the use of EM4 + molasses + cattle manure as a fertilizer provides the most optimum nutrient content, in vitro digestibility, and gas production of hydroponic sorghum fodder.

This research is based on financial distress or financial distress, which negatively impacts the company, marked by its inability to fulfill its obligations at maturity. This phenomenon can be an early warning related to further problems, and financial distress can be overcome by predicting as early as possible. This prediction is essential for management and company owners to anticipate potential bankruptcy. The formulations in this study include whether inflation affects predicting financial distress in companies in the Infrastructure, Utilities, and Transportation sectors listed on the IDX for the 2015-2020 period. And Whether the financial ratios (Current Ratio, Debt To Equity Ratio, Total Asset Turn Over, Return on Equity, Price Book Value) affects predicting financial distress in Infrastructure, Utilities, and Transportation sector companies listed on the IDX the 2015-2020 period. This study uses a quantitative approach and the type of associative research, and the source data is secondary data with a sample of 10 companies. The sampling technique used purposive sampling. Data processing in this study uses E-Views 9 with Panel Data Regression analysis techniques. This study can conclude that the variables of inflation, current ratio, price-book value, and total turnover significantly affect financial distress in the Infrastructure sector companies: utilities and Transportation. Meanwhile, the debt to equity ratio and return on equity variables did not substantially affect financial distress in the Infrastructure, Utilities, and Transportation sector companies in 2015-2020. DOI: 10.26905/jkdp.v25i3.5858

Desa Gunungrejo merupakan salah satu desa yang berada di Kecamatan Singosari, Kabupaten Malang, Provinsi Jawa Timur. Penduduk Desa Gunungrejo sebagaian besar bermatapencaharian sebagai petani disamping juga sebagai peternak khususnya sapi potong betina dengan tujuan pembibitan. Pemeliharaan ternak di Desa Gunungrejo masih dilakukan secara konvensional yaitu dengan memanfaatkan hijauan dan rumput lapang yang ada disekitar, disisi lain potensi limbah agroindustri sebagai pakan ternak di Desa Gunungrejo cukup melimpah dan belum termanfaatkan secara optimal. Kegiatan ini bertujuan untuk transfer ilmu pengetahuan (IPTEK) berupa introduksi teknologi pengolahan pakan kepada peternak di Desa Gunungrejo. Teknologi yang ditawarkan adalah teknologi aplikatif yaitu teknologi pakan lengkap yang berbasis bahan pakan lokal dan teknologi fermentasi pakan. Pelaksanaan kegiatan ini dimulai dengan sosialisasi kegiatan yang dilanjutkan dengan pemaparan materi dan praktik pengolahan pakan, pendampingan serta evaluasi dilakukan secara berkala untuk memastikan keberlanjutan program. Pengolahan pakan ternak didasarkan pada formulasi pakan yang dirancang sesuai kebutuhan gizi ternak dengan biaya produksi yang terjangkau. Hasil dari kegiatan ini adalah peternak mendapatkan pengetahuan baru mengenai kebutuhan nutrisi ternak, pengolahan pakan ternak yang aplikatif serta strategi pemeliharaan ternak yang efektif dan efisien. Pakan lengkap yang diproduksi untuk ternak betina di Desa Gunungrejo adalah BK 89,27%, BO 90,54%, PK 10,06%, LK 3,60% dan SK 26,72% sedangkan kandungan nutrisi pakan lengkap untuk ternak jantan adalah BK 89,03%, BO 90,12%, PK 12,36%, LK 4,21% dan SK 28,16%. Berdasarkan hasil dari kegiatan, maka diharapkan keberlanjutan dari program pengabdian ini dapat meningkatkan produktivitas ternak, pendapatan dan kesejahteraan peternak di Desa Gunungrejo, Kabupaten Malang.

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengevaluasi pengaruh penambahan beberapa jenis saturated fatty acid pada level yang berbeda terhadap nilai nutrisi dan kecernaan pakan, karakteristik fermentasi rumen, dan produksi gas CH4. Tahapan penelitian ini terdiri dari 2 tahap yaitu tahap 1 (pembuatan pakan perlakuan) dan tahap 2 (pengujian pakan perlakuan). Metode penelitian ini adalah menggunakan adalah RAK (Rancangan Acak Kelompok), yang terdiri dari 7 perlakuan yang meliputi pakan lengkap dengan penambahan 0% fatty acid, myristic acid (10%), myristic acid (20%), lauric acid (10%), lauric acid (20%), palmitic acid (10%) dan palmitic acid (20%) dengan 3 ulangan. Pada penelitian yang berjudul “Pengaruh Penambahan Fatty Acid Pada Pakan Ternak Ruminansia dengan Rasio Berbeda Sebagai Upaya Mengurangi Produksi Gas CH4” ini merupakan inovasi strategi pemberian pakan ternak ruminansia dengan menerapkan teknologi berwawasan lingkungan sebagai upaya mengurangi efek gas rumah kaca dari sektor industri peternakan yang merupakan pendonor gas CH4 terbesar kedua di dunia. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian disimpulkan bahwa kandungan bahan kering pakan perlakuan yaitu berkisar antara 92,09% - 92,90%, kandungan bahan organik pada penelitian ini 86%, sehingga sejumlah 86% nutrient dapat dimanfaatkan ternak untuk hidup pokok dan berproduksi, kandungan protein kasar pada penelitian ini berkisar 14%, hal ini menujukkan bahwa penelitian ini isoprotein, dan semakin tinggi level penambahan asam lemak pada pakan dapat meningkatkan kandungan lemak kasar pakan penelitian, hal ini akan efektif dalam mengurangi produksi gas CH4.

This research aimed to find out the effectiveness of audio-visual media (picture, video, audio) on culinary students’ learning outcomes in chicken carcass material. The researcher implemented a quasi-experimental method with a nonequivalent control group design. The subjects of this study were the 10th-grade students of SMK Negeri 8 Medan, Academic Year 2016/2017. Cluster random sampling was applied in this study, which consisted of one experimental class and one control class. Meanwhile, some hypothetical tests used in this study were n-gain, independent t-test, and dependent t-test. The n-gain score of learning outcomes in the experimental class is higher than the control class, which is 0.5 and categorized as moderate. Furthermore, students’ learning outcomes between those taught using audio-visual media and without audio-visual media in chicken carcass material indicated a significant difference with a significance score of 0.000 ≤ 0.05. Thus, the audiovisual media effectively improves the learning outcomes of the 10th-grade students of the culinary department in Chicken Carcass material.

A company's success in achieving its predetermined goals is possibly resulted from its good managerial skills in planning, organizing, mobilizing, and controlling. Many companies then look for a model or system to achieve those goals.HalalAssurance System (HAS 23000) is one expert management system used as a model by many companies in implementing the halalproduction processes. The HAS 23000 concept certainly has themanagement constructions, such as management functions. This library research used a descriptive-qualitative approach. The results showed that there were 11 criteria in HAS 23000 related to the management functions based on the perspective of George Robert Terryconsisting of planning function, organizing function, mobilizing function, controlling or supervising function, etc. The theoretical approach proposed by George Robert Terry on management functions was used to analyze those contained in HAS 23000 and show the noveltywhen compared to those conducted by the previous researchers

The development of teak clones (Tectona grandis L.f.) is currently being done by industry and farmers to increase productivity. The use of superior teak clones will determine the success of planting; therefore, the superior clones need to be developed. Knowledge of variations in growth and fruiting in the seed orchard of teak clones is important to determine the reproductive capacity of a plant. Therefore, study on variations in the growth and fruiting of teak clones was undertaken. The study was conducted at 11 years old of teak clones, located in Alas Ketu Wonogiri, Central Java. The teak plants measured were planted with a spacing of 2 x 6 m, using a randomized block design, with 100 clones; 3 ramet per clone and consists of 5 blocks as replications. The clones originated from Gunung Kidul, Madiun, Cepu, Wonogiri, Randublatung, Rembang, Muna, Matakidi, Kendari, Buton, and Thailand. All individual tress in the plots were examine for collecting data. Parameters were measured including height of trees, diameter breast height, flower and fruit production. The results showed that height and diameter growth varied significantly between clones, as well as between replications; while flower and fruit production did not show significant differences between clones and between replications. When the clones grouped in height class and diameter class, it showed that the production of flowers and fruits of teak clones were differs significantly. Moreover, the reproductive success of this teak clone seed orchard was very low at 2.15%, suggested due to very little rainfall during the flowering season which causes many flowers to fall out.

Inclusion of tree or shrub legume leaves in the ration of beef cattle improved quality and the main indicators are the increase in crude protein content and digestibility. The present study was done from March to September 2023 involving 30 farmers in Bangkalan regency who raised madura cattle and the information gathered were type and number of feeds offered daily. Tree and shrub legume leaves such as Gliricidia, Moringa, Indigofera, and jackfruit are the most common protein sources used to supplement field grass or straws. Samples of forage were taken and the following rations were formulated to simulate cattle feed: A (grass only); B (60% grass + 40% gliricidia); C (60% grass + 40% moringa); D (60% grass + 40% Indigofera); E (60% grass + 40% jackfruit) leaves. Parameters measured using an in vitro gas production technique showed that supplementation with tree and shrub legume leaves on field grass basal diet improved dry matter digestibility (DMD) and organic matter (OMD) values and this was closely related to improvements of rumen NH3 concentration which also contributed to efficiency of microbial protein synthesis (ESPM) value improvement. It can be concluded that tree and shrub legume leaves have shown important roles in improving the quality of field grass based diet for Madura cattle.

This study aimed to assess the impact of substituting concentrate with leguminous leaf meal as a source of tannins in complete feed on Rumen Degradable Protein (RDP), Rumen Undegradable Protein (UDP), and Digestible Energy (DE) content in vitro. The complete feeds were formulated using ingredients such as corn stover, soybean meal, copra meal, cassava meal, rice bran, pollard, molasses, minerals, calliandra meal, gamal meal, and indigofera meal. The experiment included ten treatments, each replicated three times. The treatments were as follows: T1 complete feed (60% corn stover + 40% concentrate), T2 complete feed (60% corn stover + (35% concentrate + 5% calliandra meal), T3 complete feed (60% corn stover + (35 % concentrate) + 5% indigofera meal), complete feed T4 (60% corn stover + (35% concentrate + 5% gamal meal), T5 complete feed (60% corn stover + (30% concentrate + 10% calliandra meal), T6 complete feed (60% corn stover + (30% concentrate + 10% indigofera meal), complete feed T7 (60% corn stover + (30% concentrate + 10% gamal meal), complete feed T8 (60% corn stover + (25 ) % concentrate + 15% calliandra meal), complete feed T9 (60% corn stover + (25% concentrate + 15% indigofera meal), complete feed T10 (60% corn stover + (25% concentrate + 15% gamal meal). The conclusion of this study reveals that the addition of 15% calliandra meal reduced RDP by 46.56% and increased UDP by 53.44%. Furthermore, the inclusion of 15% gliricidia meal led to an increase in DE value by 3.46 MJ/KgDM.

Swietenia macrophylla King. is an exotic species from Latin America which have been planted in Indonesia since 1870. This species is a good wood source for construction timber which is quite important in Indonesia. This study was conducted to determine the effect of seed source and family on S. macrophylla seedling growth which may be useful for supporting breeding program of this species. The seeds were collected from four seed sources: Banjar - West Java, Samigaluh - Kulonprogro, Bondowoso - East Java and Lombok – West Nusa Tenggara. Every seed source consisting of 10 families, except Bondowoso which had 5 families. The study was arranged in a randomized complete design, five seedlings per plot and repeated 5 times for each family. At 7 months old the seed source had significantly influence on height and stem diameter, while the family significantly influence height, stem diameter and the number of leaf. Banjar seed source had the best height growth (55.8 cm), while Banjar and Lombok seed sources had the best stem diameter, respectively 0.62 cm and 0.61 cm.

Abstrak: Pembelajaran kontekstual merupakan pembelajaran yang berusaha menghubungkan materi yang dipelajari dengan konteks kehidupan nyata. Belajar dengan menghubungkan materi dengan konteks kehidupan nyata siswa, menjadikan materi pendidikan agama Islam dan budi pekerti lebih bermakna bagi siswa. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengeksplorasi praktek pembelajaran pendidikan agama Islam dan budi pekerti pada kurikulum 2013 yang merupakan perwujudan dari komponen contextual teaching and learning. Pendekatan penelitian yang digunakan yaitu kualitatif deskriptif dengan rancangan multisitus yang dilaksanakan di SMPN 2 Jember dan SMPN 3 Jember. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa pembelajaran pendidikan agama Islam dan budi pekerti mencakup delapan komponen yaitu membuat keterkaitan yang bermakna, melakukan kegiatan yang berarti, melakukan pembelajaran yang diatur sendiri, bekerja sama, berpikir kritis dan kreatif, membantu individu untuk tumbuh dan berkembang, mencapai standar yang tinggi, dan menggunakan penilaian autentik. Abstract: Contextual learning is a learning that seeks to relate the material learned to the real-life context. Learning by connecting the instructional materials with the students' real-life context, making the Islamic education and the character materials become more meaningful for students. This study aimed to explore the learning practice of the Islamic education and the character in the 2013 curriculum as the manifestation of the contextual teaching and learning component. The qualitative ddescriptive was used as the research approach with multi-sites design which was implemented at State Junior High School 2 and 3 in Jember. The findings indicated that the Islamic education and the character learning consisted of eight components, namely, creating the meaningful connections, doing the significant works, self-regulated learning, collaborating, the critical and creative thinking, nurturing the individual, reaching the high standards, and using the authentic assessment.

This study aimed to describe and formulate the format of pesantren-based higher education institutions on the aspects of the scientific structure and management at the University of Nurul Jadid Probolinggo and the University of Ibrahimy Situbondo. The data were collected through observation, interviews, and review of documents. Data analysis was performed by reducing data, presenting data, and drawing conclusions. The validity of the data used member check, source, and triangulation method. The results of the study revealed that the pesantren-based higher education institutions had characteristics in scientific integration, such as students had to stay in the boarding school, studied the kitab kuning and join Madrasah Diniyah, and took special compulsory subjects. In the management aspect, the recruitment of educators was based on skills and qualifications, as well as the ability to recite the Qur'an. In terms of higher education policy, the Rector has the highest position but still consults the boarding school caretakers regarding the policies that will be carried out.

Studi ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi kecukupan nilai nutrisi untuk induk sapi potong di Desa Leran Wetan dan Leran Kulon, Kecamatan Palang, Kabupaten Tuban. Data diambil dengan metode survei menggunakan kuisioner kepada 15 responden di masing-masing desa. Sampel pakan diambil di masing-masing peternak responden kemudian dianalisis proksimat dan dilanjutkan uji kecernaan BK dan BO secara in vitro di Laboratorium Nutrisi dan Makanan Ternak, Fakultas Peternakan, Universitas Brawijaya. Analisis data dilakukan secara deskriptif kuantitatif. Hasil survei menunjukkan bahwa rata-rata kepemilikan induk sapi potong di masing-masing desa antara 2-3 ekor, bobot badan 300-350 kg/ekor, dengan tujuan pemeliharaan untuk menghasilkan pedet. Jenis pakan yang sering diberikan bervariasi meliputi rumput gajah, rumput lapang, limbah pertanian seperti jerami padi dan jerami jagung serta dedak padi sebagai pakan tambahan. Konsumsi BK pakan di Desa Leran Wetan rata-rata adalah 5,853 ± 1,663 kg/ekor/hari dan di Desa Leran Kulon adalah 5,943 ± 1,325 kg/ekor/hari sedangkan kebutuhan berdasarkan bobot badannya adalah 7,4 – 8,3 kg/ekor/hari. Ransum dengan pakan basal limbah pertanian di Desa Leran Kulon memiliki KcBK sebesar 27,844 ± 0,679% sedangkan ransum dengan pakan basal rumput memiliki nilai KcBK lebih tinggi yaitu 44,919 ± 1,800%. Nilai KcBK Ransum berbasis jerami di Desa Leran Wetan adalah 27,918 ± 0,692% dan yang berbasis rumput adalah sebesar 44,434 ± 2,026%. Nilai KcBO di Desa Leran Kulon pada ransum berbasis jerami dan rumput berturut-turut adalah 30,234 ± 46,412% dan 46,412 ± 1,778% sedangkan di Desa Leran Wetan berturut-turut adalah 33,689 ± 1,081% dan 52,989 ± 3,139%. Berdasarkan hasil studi tersebut, dapat disimpulkan bahwa pakan yang dikonsumsi oleh ternak masih belum memenuhi kebutuhannya. Penggunaan limbah pertanian dapat menurunkan nilai kecernaan ransum maka sebaiknya diganti dengan hijauan seperti leguminosa dan rumput. Pakan dengan kualitas yang baik akan meningkatkan performa reproduksi induk sapi potong.

Penelitian ditujukan untuk memperoleh tren genetik pertumbuhan Hibiscus macrophyllus dari beberapa populasi pada tingkat semai. Penelitian menggunakan materia genetik dari 7 populasi atau provenans di Pulau Jawa. Rancangan penelitian menggunakan Rancangan Acak Komplet Blok dengan menguji 112 famili perkawinan terbuka dari 7 provenans dari Pulau Jawa (Cipatujah, Tasikmalaya; Ciguha-Pagerageng, Tasikmalaya; and Pamarican, Banjar Patroman, Ciamis; Samigaluh, Kulon Progo, Yogyakarta; Banyuasin, Purworejo, Jawa Tengah; Sumberwrigin, Bondowoso, Jawa Timur; and Senduro, Lumajang, Jawa Timur). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa semua populasi yang diteliti memperlihatkan tren pertumbuhan yang hampir sama. Hertabilitas individu pertumbuhan sangat berfltuasi mulai umur 0,5 bulan sampai dengan umur 2,5 bulan. Estimasi heritabilitas indvidu untuk tinggi semai tergolong tinggi (h2i=0.53) pada umur 2,5 bulan di persemaian. Keragaman genetik pertumbuhan antar populasi maupun antar famili di dalam populasi sangat signifian.

This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of different levels of protein sources in a concentrate cassava peel diet on volatile fatty acid (VFA) concentration and efficiency of microbial protein synthesis (EMPS) by in vitro method. The five diet treatments in this study consisted of cassava meal (CM), cassava peel (CP), cassava leaves (CL) and moringa leaves (ML) with the proportion applied were T1=CM70% + CP20% + CL5% + ML5%; T2=CM60% + CP20% + CL10% + ML10%; T3=CM50% + CP20% + CL15% + ML15%; T4=CM40% + CP20% + CL20% + ML20%; T5=CM30% + CP20% + CL25% + ML25%. The experiment used a randomized block design with five treatments and three replications. The results showed that increasing the level of protein sources in the ration tended to increase the value of total VFA, acetate, propionate, CO2, and CH4 in which T3 had the highest values. However, the effect of treatments were significant in EMPS value (P

The objective of this research was to investigate the effect of Aspergillus oryzae on fermentation of mixture of rumen contents and jackfruit peel on in vitro gas production and digestibility. The method used in this study was an experiment using a randomized block design (RBD) of 4 treatments and 3 replications. The treatments including of T0 = 50% rumen contents + 50% jackfruit peel, T1 = 40 % rumen contents + 60% jackfruit peel + 0,4% Aspergillus oryzae, T2 = 30% rumen contents + 70% jackfruit peel + 0,4% Aspergillus oryzae, T3 = 20% rumen contents + 80% jackfruit peel + 0,4% Aspergillus oryzae. Variables observed were gas production, dry matter digestibility (DMD), and organic matter digestibility (OMD). Data were analyzed by using Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) from Randomized Block Design, if there were significant effect between the treatments then tested with least significant different (LSD). The result showed that fermentation of mixture of rumen contents and jackfruit peel have highly significant effect (P

The research purpose was to determine the nutrient content of dried poultry waste molasses block (DPW-UMB). The use of dried poultry waste in the manufacture of the urea-molasses block was as a substitute of urea and could improve the value added in dry season. The treatments used for research were T1 (15% manure layer chicken and 25% molasses), T2 (10% manure layer chicken and 30% molasses), and T3 (20% manure layer chicken and 30% molasses). Chemical analysis: the dried of poultry waste were analyzed for dry matter, crude protein, crude fiber, ash, fat, and gross energy. The statistical formulation diet composed of Microsoft Excel Ver. 2016. The results showed that the 20% manure layer chicken and 30% molasses (T3) were better than T2 and T1 on nutrient content with 92.04% Dry Matter (DM), 13.34% Crude Protein (CP), 13.39% Crude Fiber (CF), 37.16% ash, 3.44% fat, but low in Gross Energy (GE) (2631.63 kcal/kg). It could be concluded that dpw-umb T3 were dried of poultry waste contained sufficient levels of gross energy, crude protein, crude fiber, ash, and fat it could be used as feedstuff for ruminants for supplementation with the required nutrients.

ABSTRACT. The research purpose was to determine the nutrient content of dried poultry waste molasses block (DPW-UMB). The use of dried poultry waste in the manufacture of the urea-molasses block was as a substitute of urea and could improve the value added in dry season. The treatments used for research were T1 (15% manure layer chicken and 25% molasses), T2 (10% manure layer chicken and 30% molasses), and T3 (20% manure layer chicken and 30% molasses). Chemical analysis: the dried of poultry waste were analyzed for dry matter, crude protein, crude fibre, ash, fat, and gross energy. The statistical formulation diet composed with Microsoft Excel Ver. 2016. The results showed that the 20% manure layer chicken and 30% molasses (T3) were better than T2 and T1 on nutrient content with 92.04% Dry Matter (DM), 13.34% Crude Protein (CP), 13.39% Crude Fiber (CF), 37.16% ash, 3.44% fat, but low in Gross Energy (GE) (2631.63 kcal/kg). It could be concluded that dpw-umb T3 were dried of poultry waste contained sufficient levels of gross energy, crude protein, crude fibre, ash, and fat it could be used as feedstuff for ruminants for supplementation with the required nutrients. (Kotoran Ayam Molasses (Kamblok) Sebagai Potensi Supplementasi Pakan) ABSTRAK. Tujuan penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji kandungan nutrisi dari Kotoran Ayam Molasses Blok (KAMBLOK) dengan analisis proksimat. Sebagai bahan pengganti urea dengan kotoran ayam kering dalam pembuatan urea molasses blok dan meningkatkan nilai tambah dalam suplementasi Kotoran Ayam Molasses Blok (KAMBLOK) pada musim kemarau. Perlakuan yang digunakan pada penelitian ini adalah Kotoran Ayam Molasses Blok (KAMBLOK) dengan T1 (Kotoran Ayam Petelur 15% dan Molasses 25%), T2 (Kotoran Ayam Petelur 10% dan Molasses 30%), T3 (Kotoran Ayam Petelur 20% dan Molasses 30%). Analisis kandungan nutrisi yang dilakukan adalah bahan kering, protein kasar, serat kasar, abu, lemak, dan gross energi. Analisis statistik menggunakan Microsoft excel versi 2016. Hasil Penelitian menunjukan Kotoran Ayam Molasses Blok (KAMBLOK) T3 lebih baik dari T2 dan T1 pada bahan kering (BK) 92, 04%, protein kasar (PK) 13,34%, serat kasar (SK) 13,39%, abu 37,16%, lemak 3,44% tetapi rendah dalam gross energi (GE) adalah 2.631,63 kal/kg. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini adalah kotoran ayam mengandung beberapa kandungan yaitu protein kasar, gross energy, serat kasar, abu, dan lemak yang bisa digunakan sebagai pakan potensial untuk supplementasi.

ABSTRAK Penelitian dilaksanakan pada hutan tanaman mahoni (Swietenia macrophylla King.) umur 2, 5 dan 9 tahun yang berlokasi di Resort Polisi Hutan (RPH) Getas, Bagian Kesatuan Pemangkuan Hutan (BKPH) Monggot, Kesatuan Pemangkuan Hutan (KPH) Gundih, Jawa Tengah. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui kondisi komunitas vegetasi tegakan mahoni pada beberapa fase umur dan potensinya dalam pengendalian limpasan dan erosi. Masing-masing umur tanaman dibangun 2 petak ukur pengamatan limpasan dan erosi dengan ukuran 22,1 m x 4 m per petak ukur. Sebagai kontrol dibangun 2 petak ukur dengan ukuran yang sama pada lahan terbuka (tanpa tanaman). Pengamatan vegetasi juga dilakukan di dalam petak ukur pengamatan erosi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pengendalian erosi dan limpasan permukaan tegakan mahoni lebih banyak dikendalikan oleh keberadaan seresah dan tumbuhan bawah. Tingkat erosi yang terjadi pada tegakan mahoni umur 2, 5 dan 9 tahun menurun, yaitu masing-masing menjadi 49,4, 15,3 dan 8,7 % dibandingkan dengan control (lahan tanpa tanaman). Besar limpasan air permukaan pada tegakan mahoni umur 2, 5 dan 9 tahun yang dicerminkan oleh nilai koefisien erosi masing-masing sebesar 0,24 (4 % terhadap kontrol), 0,19 (24 % terhadap kontrol) dan 0,14 (44 % terhadap kontrol). Kegiatan seleksi pada kegiatan pemuliaan akan menghasilkan benih unggul yang akan meningkatkan produksi kayu (biomasa) dan menurunkan laju limpasan dan erosi. ABSTRACT The research was conducted on mahogany (Swietenia macrophylla King.) plantations at 2, 5 and 9 years old located in RPH Getas, BKPH Monggot, KPH Gundih, Central Java. This study was carried out to determine the condition of vegetation communities of mahogany stand on several phases of age and its potential in controlling runoff and erosion. Two observation plots including runoff and erosion were set up by the size of 22.1 m x 4 m per plot. Two plots of the same size were also set up on open land (without plants) as a control. Observation of vegetation was also carried out in the plot observations of erosion. This study revealed that the erosion and the runoff surface of mahogany stand controlled by the presence of litter and undergrowth. The level of erosion of mahogany at 2, 5 and 9 years old declined respectively from 49.4, 15.3 and 8.7% compared to the control (soil without plants). The runoff coefficient value which showing the water runoff in stands of mahogany age of 2, 5 and 9 years were: 0.24 (4% from the control), 0.19 (24% from the control) and 0.14 (44% from the control). The selection activities in tree breeding will improve seed mahogany therefore, can increase the wood production (biomass) and decrease the runoff and erosion.

Feed is a main factor of sustainable livestock population, where the availability of suitable land for grass growth is urgent. Modern agriculture has dramatically reduced the diversity of forages due to the massive monoculture. This study was aimed to obtain data on the size of the existing land, distribution, potential feed production, and to obtain the carrying capacity based on feed adequacy map. The research was conducted on 6 dairy and beef cattle farms in Pasuruan Regency (7°38′S,112°54′E), East Java Province, Indonesia: Tutur, Puspo, Lumbang, Lekok, Grati, and Purwodadi. Population and distribution are represented spatially through thematic maps. The mapping using the Indonesia land-base map (Rupa Bumi Indonesia-RBI) scale 1: 25,000, GPS handsets, and surveyors. Nguling had the highest beef cattle population (15,519 AU), while Tutur had the highest dairy cattle population (22,033 AU). Farmers were able to provide feed in the form of food-crop waste. Bangil had the highest carrying capacity of feed and safe criteria followed by Pohjentrek, while Lekok, Tutur, Puspo, Lumbang, Purwosari, Nguling, and Prigen subdistricts had very critical criteria. Based on the overall feed index, Pasuruan had a vulnerable criteria. The land carrying capacity status between land availability (SL) and land requirement (DL) was deficit. Less than 15% of land had low water carrying capacity. By carrying capacity index of crops waste (CCICW), the carrying capacity of food crops was high. The land carrying capacity status was deficit.

Salah satu cara untuk menekan angka kemiskinan, orang Islam ingin memanfaatkan dana zakat. Usaha Islam dalam menanggulangi problem kemiskinan ini, bukanlah suatu hal yang mengada-ada, temporer, setengah-setengah bahkan hanya mencari perhatian. Pengurangan angka kemiskinan, bagi Islam, justru menjadi asas yang khas dan sendi-sendi yang kokoh. Untuk kasus di Indonesia, yang secara demoggrafi penduduknya mayoritas umat Islam. Potensi zakat sangat besar harus diimbangi dengan pengelolaan zakat yang professional pula. Sehingga, zakat tersalurkan kepada mustahik tidak bersifat konsumtif atau sesaat. Pengelolaan zakat yang profesional, diharapkan pendistribusiannya lebih produktif. Pemberian pinjaman modal misalnya, dalam rangka peningkatan prekonomian masyrakat

The aim of this research was to evaluate the effect mimosa powder as CT source to protect methionine from degradation using in-vitro gas production technique. Four treatments were assigned in a Randomized Block Design: T0 = methionine + 0% CT; T1 = methionine + 6% CT; T2 = methionine + 8% CT; T3 = methionine + 10% CT. Gas production was measured at time intervals and terminated after 48 hour incubation. The results showed that gas production was decreased as the level CT increased. The corresponding values for gas production at 48 hour were respectively 23.58 ml/500mg (P0); 22.37 ml/500mg (P1); 21.54 ml/500mg (P2); and 20.62 ml/500mg (P3). It can be concluded that mimosa powder can be used as CT source to protect methionine from rumen microbes degradation. It is suggested to do further studies on the effect of adding protected methionine in a complete ration on animal production. Keyword: Methionine, condensed tannin (CT), in-vitro gas production

The objectives of this study were to investigate the effect of wheat pollard (Triticum aestivum) and soybean meal (Glycine max) protected by condensed tannin (CT) on feed intake and organic matter digestibility of lactation Holstein-Friesian Crossbred cows. Twelfth lactation cows were divided into 4 groups based on the month of lactation and each group consist of 4 diet treatments which were supplemented by CT. The using of CT was 6% from total dry matter of wheat pollard and soybean meal depending on the feeding treatments. Feeding treatments consist of T1 : 65% corn leaves (Zea mays)+ 35% concentrate (control 0% CT); T2 : 65% corn leaves + 35% concentrate (soybean meal protected by 6% CT); T3 : 65% corn leaves + 35% concentrate (wheat pollard protected by 6% CT); T4 : 65% corn leaves + 35% concentrate (soybean meal and wheat pollard protected by 6% CT). Cows were allowed a week of adaptation period, 10 days of preliminary period and 30 days of data collection. Dietary supplemented by 6% CT did not affect feed intake and organic matter digestibility. These results suggest continuing the next experiment to determine the effect of CT on ruminant animals with higer level of CT and the other parameters. Keywords : condensed tannin (CT), wheat pollard, soybean meal, feed intake, digestibility, lactation dairy cows

This research describes the formulation want state politics and religious ties with the country according to Yusuf al-Ulama Qardhawy and Classical. The results of the analysis of their thinking as outlined in his works, can be explained that Yusuf al-Qardhawy reformulate the concept of the relationship between religion and the state as well as the state political through and isti'ab syumuli method, a problem of how to resolve the impasse in state politics as well as the relationship between religion and state product classical scholars thought. Reformulation of the concept of the relationship between religion and the state is the solution to the stagnation (stagnation) patterns of thought classical scholars. The concept of state politics by Yusuf al-Ulama Classical Qardhawy and there are points in common with the Indonesian state politics in the context of the present though not totally, so that some can be implemented to control the practice of politics in Indonesia lately away from religious ethics. *** Penelitian ini ingin menjelaskan formulasi politik kenegaraan dan hubungan agama dengan negara menurut Yusuf al-Qardhawy dan Ulama Klasik. Hasil analisis dari pemikiran mereka yang dituangkan dalam karya-karyanya, dapat dijelaskan bahwa Yusuf al-Qardhawy mereformulasi konsep hubungan agama dan negara serta politik kenegaraan tersebut melalui metode shumulī dan isti’ab, suatu cara menyelesaikan kebuntuan problematika politik kenegaraan serta hubungan agama dan negara produk pemikiran ulama klasik. Reformulasi konsep hubungan agama dan Negara tersebut merupakan solusi atas stagnasi (ke­jumud­an) corak pemikiran ulama klasik. Secara teoritis, konsep politik kenegaraan menurut Yusuf al-Qardhawy dan Ulama Klasik terdapat titik kesamaan dengan politik kenegaraan Indonesia dalam konteks sekarang meskipun tidak secara total, sehingga sebagian dapat diimplementasikan untuk mengendalikan praktik perpolitikan di Indonesia yang akhir-akhir ini jauh dari etika agama.

Computational Laboratory work based research and development is an implementation of the study of physics topics of Electromagnetic Waves. In this physical event it will be studied in the treatment of Electromagnetic Waves transmit information. Delivery Information in this study using the XBee modules as media delivery and acceptance of this research will be tested how the XBee modules were subjected to the measurement of the spatial variation influences the efficiency of data transmission. Change the time variation performed three times for each variation of the distance change measurements. The third shows the time variation of the same relative results are collecting data at 5:00 to 7:00 showed the best distance is obtained at a distance of ≤ 75 m, while for a distance of 80 m to 85 m of data at the receiver experiencing annihilation one character at a distance of 90 m and the data can not be accepted at all by the recipient. The data at 14:00 to 16:00 showed similar results also with the data obtained in the 20:00 to 22:00, that all significant data with the data of data at 5:00 to 7:00. The conclusion that can be drawn is that there is no significant effect of changes in -time delivery of data. Keywords: Xbee, Electromagnetic Waves

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui Seberapa besar pengaruh Kepemimpinan dan Kualitas Sumberdaya Manusia Aparatur terhadap Efektivitas Penyelenggaraan Pemerintahan pemerintahan bidang keagamaan di Sumatera Utara. Metode yang digunakan merupakan penelitian survey dengan pendekatan kuantatif dimana data diperoleh dari kuesioner dari sampel penelitian yang berjumlah 130 orang. Untuk mengetahui adanya hubungan antara dua variabel atau lebih maka digunakan analisis korelasi Product Moment (Perason), dan Korelasi Ganda. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa kepemimpinan mempunyai pengaruh yang signifikan terhadap Efektivitas Penyelenggaraan Pemerintahan pemerintahan bidang keagamaan di Sumatera Utara . Hal ini dibuktikan dengan hasil uji signifkansi korelasi product moment diketahui bahwa ternyata r test > r tabel atau 0,681 > 0,176. Secara statistik mempunyai hubungan yang signifikan dan hipotesis kerja dapat diterima. Kualitas Sumberdaya Manusia mempunyai pengaruh yang signifikan terhadap Efektivitas Penyelenggaraan Pemerintahan . Hal ini dibuktikan dengan hasil uji signifkansi korelasi product moment diketahui bahwa ternyata r test > r tabel atau 0,725 > 0,176. Secara statistik mempunyai hubungan yang signifikan dan hipotesis kerja dapat diterima. Kepemimpinan dan Kualitas Sumberdaya Manusia Aparatur secara bersama-sama mempunyai pengaruh yang signifikan terhadap Efektivitas Penyelenggaraan Pemerintahan . Hal ini dibuktikan dengan hasil uji signifkansi korelasi majemuk diketahui bahwa ternyata F test > F tabel atau 76,348 > 3,30. Secara statistik mempunyai hubungan yang signifikan dan hipotesis kerja dapat diterima. Pengaruh Efektivitas Penyelenggaraan Pemerintahan yang disebabkan oleh variabel Kepemimpinan dan Kualitas Sumberdaya Manusia Aparatur dapat diketahui melalui koefisien determinasi, dimana hasil penelitian diperoleh sebesar 54,6%, Sehingga dapat dikatakan bahwa pengaruh Efektivitas Penyelenggaraan Pemerintahan pemerintahan bidang keagamaan di Sumatera Utara yang disebabkan oleh Kepemimpinan dan Kualitas Sumberdaya Manusia Aparatur sangat tinggi, sedangkan 45,4% dipengaruhi oleh faktor/variabel lainnya.