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This paper explores the complex interplay between narratives of American masculinity, nationalism, and environmentalism in novels by Michael Crichton (State of Fear) and Kim Stanley Robinson (Science in the Capital trilogy). Considered in the context of public debates about climate change as well as the discourse of the 'war on terror,' this article argues that these novels enlist climate change as an occasion to dramatize the recovery of an imperiled national masculinity, adding to the crowded stage of perceived challenges to the privileges of an elite majority whose supposed 'citizen trauma' (Berlant) threatens to overshadow the real consequences of environmental calamity., In the first decade of the new millennium, public debates about global climate change have taken place more and more often in the context of the global 'war on terror,' [...]

The purpose of this research is to investigate the masculinity politics of the ex-gay movement, a loose-knit network of religious, scientific, and political organizations that advocates change for homosexuals. Guided by Risman's gender structure theory, the authors analyze the individual, interactional, and institutional dimensions of gender in ex-gay discourses. The authors employ critical discourse analysis of representative ex-gay texts to deconstruct the movement's gender ideology and to discuss the social implications of its masculinity, politics. They argue that gender is one of the ex-gay movement's most potent social movement resources, enabling it to consolidate power by enlisting new populations and to globalize by adapting to cultural contexts beyond the United States. The authors conclude that the ex-gay movement is an antigay countermovement and an antifeminist Christian Right men's movement. Keywords: masculinity; gender; sexuality; social movements; religion

Arnold Schwarzenegger's celebrity status allowed him to project a symbolic masculine persona that was effective in gaining political power as California governor. The well-known violent tough-guy persona that Schwarzenegger developed in the mid-1980s contributed to a post-Vietnam era cultural remasculinization of the American man. But this narrow hyper-masculinity was often caricatured in popular culture and delegitimized. In the 1990s and 2000s, Schwarzenegger forged a credible masculine imagery by introducing characters who were humorously self-mocking and focused on care and protection of children. Schwarzenegger's resultant hybrid masculinity, the 'Kindergarten Commando,' represents an ascendant hegemonic masculinity always foregrounding muscle, toughness, and the threat of violence and following with situationally appropriate symbolic displays of compassion. The equation of toughness plus compassion composing the Kindergarten Commando is asymmetrical with toughness eclipsing compassion; this has implications for the kinds of policies that U.S. elected leaders advocate. Republicans utilize this masculine imagery in national politics to gain voters' trust in times of fear and insecurity and continue to employ a strategy that projects a devalued feminized stigma onto more liberal candidates. Keywords: masculinity; electoral politics; Arnold Schwarzenegger; gender and film

Abstract In this article I discuss three of Lebanese filmmaker Maroun Baghdadi's films that were made during the Lebanese Civil War: Little Wars, Land of Honey of Incense and Outside [...]

This article explores mid Georgian debates about the nature of citizenship by focusing on a key political scandal that has hitherto been overlooked by modern historians. In 1756, one of the many Hanoverian soldiers who were stationed in England was arrested for theft in Maidstone. The subsequent efforts to release him on the part of his military superiors and the British government created a political controversy that highlighted issues such as legal liberty, the abuse of executive power, home defence policy, and the moral state of the nation. In particular, this article, argues that the furore gave weight to contemporary calls to reform the militia, not so much for instrumental military reasons, but for the supposed social and political benefits of an organization that relied upon the patriotic zeal and masculine virtue of the indigenous citizen. This article is therefore a contribution to the new cultural histories of politics that emphasize the roles of nation and gender in conceptions of citizenship, and argues that the Seven Years War was in this respect a moment of crucial importance.

This essay discusses the significance of masculinity in Cold War politics. Topics include symbolic representations of gender in politics and its influence on widespread identity crises, McCarthyism, and political leadership in the United States.

The 1953 'conquest' of Mt Everest by a British expedition led by Colonel John Hunt, with Edmund Hillary from New Zealand and Tenzing Norgay, a Sherpa from Nepal and India, is discussed in relation to nationalism, postcolonialism, masculinities and subaltern agency. Topics include the first descent of Everest, and the response in Nepal, India, Britain, and New Zealand.

This article investigates the early twentieth century discourse of tropical medicine as a site in which 'whiteness' became the object of biomedical scrutiny. Australian tropical medicine is notable in that it reversed the usual raced and gendered dynamics of Western medico-scientific research. Rather than studying the black body, it studied the white body, and rather than pathologizing women, it pathologized men. In the early to mid twentieth century tropical medicine was one of the primary sites for the formation of Australian governmental racism and nationalism, and for discussion and implementation of the infamous 'white Australia policy'. It was a response to European science which had long argued that 'white man' and white populations would degenerate in the tropics. I examine tropical medicine and public health more generally as a mode of colonization of northern Australia, in which Aboriginal people were governed and managed through health measures. I also examine the specific ways in which whiteness was constituted by tropical medicine, and the class and gender issues which shaped the representational possibilities of this whiteness. Keywords: Whiteness; tropical medicine; Australian nationalism; history; masculinity.

This paper examines the role of gender in the north of Ireland. This is not to imply that a study of gender relations on its own is adequate to explain recent political developments. Indeed, there is a need to challenge all one-dimensional and reductionist analyses such as those which concentrate solely on ethnicity and including Marxist approaches which are excessively economistic. Whilst giving special attention to gender issues, therefore, the paper will also recognise that these cannot be fully understood unless they are located within the context of social and economic change as well as the politics of ethnic and national identities.

Supporters of John Wilkes in 1764 regarded the French diplomat, the Chevalier d'Eon, as a hero who fought against tyrannical governments. However, by 1771, rumor about his gender spread all over Europe. By studying these developments in the 18th century, historians can better understand how notions of masculinity and femininity affect the politics of a certain era. It should be noted that although women were regarded as inferior versions of men, they were also regarded as complementary to men.

John F. Kennedy rose to power on the basis of his 'ideologies of masculinity.' He asserted that America had lost its prestige abroad and used gender-based policies to lead the country. He ran for office promising to empower America against the threat of Soviet expansion. The Kennedy Administration was composed of men who were brought up in the tradition of the upper class, where toughness, courage, endurance, and manliness were rewarded.

The male hysterical threat posed by the political gestures of Manuel Noriega towards George Bush is presented as a major cause for the U.S. invasion of Panama in 1989. The statements of Bush can be substituted for a geopolitical studies on frustrated desires and emasculation. A symptomatic study of geopolitical factors surrounding the U.S. invasion in terms of body politics is presented. The study draws a lot of inspiration from the work of Lucy Irigary.

The essay examines the intersection of the Korean War and American culture in the crime novel 'Sin in Their Blood' by Ed Lacy. The book offers a critique of the political and social repression that characterized the era.