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4. Structure géologique superficielle et évolution récente de la dorsale Apulienne (mer lonienne). Superficial Geological Structure and Recent Evolution of the Apulian Swell (Ionian Sea)

Author

Mascle J., Auroux C., and Rossi S.

Subjects
Chemical technology, TP1-1185, Energy industries. Energy policy. Fuel trade, HD9502-9502.5
Abstract

La dorsale des Pouilles sépare, suivant une direction NW-SE, le Bassin Adriatique du Bassin Ionien. Un grand nombre de relevés de sismique réflexion a permis d'étudier les caractéristiques de sa couverture sédimentaire récente et les directions des accidents distensifs (essentiellement NW-SE, NS et EW) qui la découpent. Cette étude permet de distinguer deux grands secteurs ayant une évolution tectonique différente à partir du Miocène supérieur. Sa marge Adriatique est sédimentée et faiblement tectonisée. Sa marge Ionienne ne possède qu'une mince couverture récente et est découpée par un dense réseau d'accidents distensifs encore actifs pour la plupart. The submerged Apulian swell constitutes a wide, dissymmetric NW-SE trending topographic high extending from Apulia to Kephalinia in the northern lonian Sea. It separates the relatively shallow southern Adriatic basic from te deeper lonian Sea. In recent years a systematic survey (including dredging and seismic profiling) has been made by IGM Bologna across the whole area to study its sedimentary cover and shallow structure and to, determine its general recent evolution. The different maps of the swell show two margins. Toward the NE (Adriatic margin) the Apulian slope is gentle, wide and sedimented. Toward the SW (lonian margin) the slope comprises a series of steep scarps facing the deep lonian basin and the Taranto valley. This asymmetry reflects a comparable opposition between the two margins at the Ievel of both the sedimentary cover and the structural framework.

Published
2006
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12. Mud volcanoes and mud domes of the Central Mediterranean Ridge: Near-bottom and in situ observations

Author

Huguen, C., Mascle, J., Zitter, T., Foucher, J.P., and Woodside, J.

Subjects
Mediterranean region -- Environmental aspects, Volcanoes -- Models, Earth sciences
Abstract

The first high-resolution mapping of mud volcanoes and mud domes of the Central Mediterranean Ridge is presented based on successive in situ observations from the Nautile submersible and near-bottom side-scan data. From an integration of high-resolution results to the Central Mediterranean Ridge geologic and structural setting, a qualitative model is finally proposed to explain the mud volcano and mud dome emplacement.

Published
2005

21. Mapping the progressive geologic history at the junction of the Alpine Mountain Belt and the Western Mediterranean Ocean

Author

Gosso, G., Zanoni, D., Corsini, M., Mascle, J., Spalla, M.I, Giannerini, G., Lardeaux, J-Marc, Volante, S., Bersezio, R., Spaggiari, L., Zucali, M., Camera, L., Université de Milan, Géoazur (GEOAZUR 7329), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de la Côte d'Azur, COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud]), Curtin University [Perth], Planning and Transport Research Centre (PATREC), and EniTecnologie SpA

Subjects
[SDU]Sciences of the Universe [physics], [SDU.STU]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences
Abstract

International audience; This contribution illustrates a new type of map, the “geological event map” (1:250,000 scale), which highlights the progressive steps of the geologic history recorded in the polycyclic orogenic belt of the European Alps, at their southwestern termination facing the western Mediterranean Sea. The formula of historical progression simplifies comprehension of significant phenomenal visions and reorients public curiosity towards geologic processes. This part of the Alpine belt records a geologic history starting with the Variscan convergence during Devonian, throughout the opening of the Tethys Ocean, Alpine convergence, followed by Apennine subduction driving the opening of the Ligurian-Provençal Ocean. Finally, from late Miocene to Present a progressive tectonic inversion characterizes the Ligurian-Provençal continental margin. This geologic history, over a time period of 400 million years, which includes three successive Wilson Cycles, is displayed in 8 plates composed of maps and illustrations. Each map explains the effects of successive tectonic events by adding geologic changes that modify the petrogenetic and structural configurations. The last plate shows the finite state of the geologic history at present-time. The map legend is based on ten major geodynamic events of which rock associations, and their genetic environment, are described in simple divulgation terms, to stimulate interest of neophytes. Illustration of the evolution of rocks and structures side of each map aims at conveying to non specialists in tectonics and petrology the impact of mechanisms associated with the Earth’s deep engine upon surface changes.

Published
2019

31. Submarine canyon dynamics - Executive Summary

Author

Ceramicola, S., Amaro, T., Amblas, D., Cagatay, N., Carniel, S., Chiocci, F.L., Fabri, Marie-Claire, Gamberi, F., Harris, P.T., Lo-Iacono, Claudio, Jispa, D., Kontoyiannis, H., Krastel, S., Mascle, J., Puig, P., Vázquez, Juan Tomás, Briand, F., and Briand, F.

Subjects
Centro Oceanográfico de Málaga, Mediterranean sea, Medio Marino, Submarine canyon, Dynamics
Abstract

Discussing submarine canyons dynamics through a multidisciplinary approach allowed to identify both advances in knowledge and remaining gaps concerning the controlling factors underlying the formation, development, ecological functioning and vulnerability of canyons at various time scales. As a result, we identified a number of recommendations for future research and actions that the interested reader will discover in this synthetic chapter, drafted as a collective effort in the months following our meeting. The subsequent chapters, each written by a workshop participant, detail the specificities and dynamics of of submarine canyons within and beyond the Mediterranean domain. Versión del editor

Published
2015

33. Life at cold seeps: a synthesis of biogeochemical and ecological data from Kazan mud volcano, eastern Mediterranean Sea

Author

Werne, J.P., Haese, R.R., Zitter, T.A.C., Aloisi, G, Bouloubassi, I., Heijs, S., Fiala-Medioni, A., Pancost, R.D., Sinninghe Damste, J.S., de Lange, G., Forney, L.J., Gottschal, J.C., Foucher, J.-P., Mascle, J., Woodside, J.M., MEDINAUT and MEDINETH, Party, Sedimentology, Department of Marine Biogeochemistry and Toxicology, Royal Netherlands Institute for Sea Research (NIOZ), Department of Earth Sciences - Geochemistry [Utrecht], Utrecht University [Utrecht], Department of Sedimentology and Marine Geology Faculty of Earth and Life Sciences, Free University of Amsterdam, Laboratoire d'océanographie dynamique et de climatologie (LODYC), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de biogéochimie et chimie marines (LBCM), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Department of Microbiology, University of Groningen [Groningen]-Center for Ecological and Evolutionary Studies, Laboratoire d'océanographie biologique de Banyuls (LOBB), Observatoire océanologique de Banyuls (OOB), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Unité de recherche Géosciences Marines (Ifremer) (GM), Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER), Géoazur (GEOAZUR 6526), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de la Côte d'Azur, Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Center for Marine Earth Sciences [Amsterdam], Géosciences Marines (GM), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (1965 - 2019) (UNS), and COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
GAS HYDRATE, Biogeochemical cycle, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Aardwetenschappen, MARINE-SEDIMENTS, Clathrate hydrate, MID-ATLANTIC RIDGE, Geochemistry, FLUID-FLOW, 010502 geochemistry & geophysics, 01 natural sciences, Methane, chemistry.chemical_compound, mud volcano, biogeochemistry, Geochemistry and Petrology, cold seep fauna, ARCHAEA, SDG 14 - Life Below Water, 14. Life underwater, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, AUTHIGENIC CARBONATES, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, [SDU.OCEAN]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Ocean, Atmosphere, IN-SITU, microbiology, Geology, Authigenic, anaerobic oxidation of methane, 15. Life on land, Cold seep, Petroleum seep, Oceanography, chemistry, 13. Climate action, Anaerobic oxidation of methane, ALEUTIAN SUBDUCTION ZONE, ANAEROBIC METHANE OXIDATION, LIPIDS, Mud volcano
Abstract

Recent field observations have identified the widespread occurrence of fluid seepage through the eastern Mediterranean Sea floor in association with mud volcanism or along deep faults. Gas hydrates and methane seeps are frequently found in cold seep areas and were anticipated targets of the MEDINAUT/MEDINETH initiatives. The study presented herein has utilized a multi-disciplinary approach incorporating observations and sampling of visually selected sites by the manned submersible Nautile and by ship-based sediment coring and geophysical surveys. The study focuses on the biogeochemical and ecological processes and conditions related to methane seepage, especially the anaerobic oxidation of methane (AOM), associated with ascending fluids on Kazan mud volcano in the eastern Mediterranean. Sampling of adjacent box cores for studies on the microbiology, biomarkers, pore water and solid phase geochemistry allowed us to integrate different biogeochemical data within a spatially highly heterogeneous system. Geophysical results clearly indicate the spatial heterogeneity of mud volcano environments. Results from pore water geochemistry and modeling efforts indicate that the rate of AOM is similar to 6 mol m(-2) year(-1), which is lower than at active seep sites associated with conditions of focused flow, but greater than diffusion-dominated sites. Furthermore, under the non-focused flow conditions at Kazan mud volcano advective flow velocities are of the order of a few centimeters per year and gas hydrate formation is predicted to occur at a sediment depth of about 2 m and below. The methane flux through these sediments supports a large and diverse community of micro- and macrobiota, as demonstrated by carbon isotopic measurements on bulk organic matter, authigenic carbonates, specific biomarker compounds, and macrofaunal tissues. Because the AOM community appears to be able to completely oxidize methane at the rate it is seeping through the sediments, ultimate sinks for methane in this environment are authigenic carbonates and biomass. Significant differences in organic geochemical data between this site and those of other cold seep environments, even within the eastern Mediterranean mud volcanoes, indicate that the microbiological communities carrying out AOM varies depending on specific conditions such as methane flux and salinity. (C) 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Published
2004

34. The Calabrian Arc cold seep province: from cold seeps to hot spots

Author

Praeg D., Ceramicola S., Pierre C., Mascle J., Dupré S., Accettella D., Andersen A., Bayon G., Bouloubassi I., Camera L., Cova A., de Lange G., Ducassou E., Duperron S., Freiwald A., Harmegnies F., Hebbeln D., Loncke L., Mastalerz V., Migeon S., Mostafa A., Taviani M., Vanreusel A., Wardell N., BARBIERI, ROBERTO, Praeg D., Ceramicola S., Pierre C., Mascle J., Dupré S., Accettella D., Andersen A., Barbieri R., Bayon G., Bouloubassi I., Camera L., Cova A., de Lange G., Ducassou E., Duperron S., Freiwald A., Harmegnies F., Hebbeln D., Loncke L., Mastalerz V., Migeon S., Mostafa A., Taviani M., Vanreusel A., and Wardell N.

Published
2009

35. Past and present cold seep activity on the Calabrian accretionary prism, Jonian Sea

Author

Praeg D., Ceramicola S., Accettella D., Andersen A., Cova A., Dupré S., Harmegnies F., Mascle J., Pierre C., Unnithan V., Wardell N., BARBIERI, ROBERTO, Praeg D., Ceramicola S., Accettella D., Andersen A., Barbieri R., Cova A., Dupré S., Harmegnies F., Mascle J., Pierre C., Unnithan V., and Wardell N.

Published
2009

36. The Peloponnese continental margin from Zakynthos Island to Pylos: morphology and recent sedimentary processes

Author

Mascle, J., Camera, L., Wardell, N., Accettella, D., Géoazur (GEOAZUR 7329), Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire de la Côte d'Azur, Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA), Observatoire océanologique de Villefranche-sur-mer (OOVM), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e di Oceanografia Sperimentale (OGS), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de la Côte d'Azur, COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud]), and Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])

Subjects
[SDU.STU]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences
Abstract

International audience; Funded by the EEC Sixth Framework Program, the SEAHELLARC project was aimed to evaluate, and better understand the causes, of the various natural geohazards (chiefly earthquakes and tsunamis), which frequently affect the western Peloponnese area and particularly its coastal domain; this region is one of the most seismically active of Greece and therefore of the Mediterranean Sea. Based on a set of new geophysical data, such as detailed swath bathymetry and high-resolution sub-bottom Chirp, we have distinguished and studied four contrasted domains along this area of the Peloponnese active continental margin underlined by intense crustal seismicity and marked by very contrasted and often sharp continental slopes; from east to west these are: (1) an area including the continental shelf and the upper slope; there sedimentary overload and destabilizations, syn-sedimentary faults, mass transport deposits and active sedimentary by-pass mechanisms are the main risk factors. (2) The middle to lower continental slopes, is mainly expressed by two, N-S trending, fault-related, depressions, where active deformations, well recorded by actual tilting of the sedimentary blanket, occur. (3) West of this deep structural depressions exists a poorly sedimented ridge area (from which merges the small Strophades Islands) also showing N-S and E-W trending lineaments resulting in a dense network of fractures and scarps and leading too a particularly complex sub-marine morphology; this area, together with the westernmost deep domain (4), which bounds the continental margin, clearly records the effects of significant active tectonic. Our studies of the shallow and recent sedimentary cover of the continental margin off western Peloponnese, confirm that this active margin segment is an area where geohazards can be expected. In addition to fault ruptures, generated at depth by the specific tectonic framework, sedimentary collapses, particularly along the shelf break nearby Cape Katakolo, may trigger significant local tsunamis, which may in turn induce strong damages all along the nearby coasts up to the town of Pylos.

Published
2014

37. A new seismogenic model for the Kyparissiakos Gulf and western Peloponnese (SW Hellenic Arc)

Author

Papoulia, J., Nicolich, R., Makris, J., Slejko, D., Mascle, J., Papadopoulos, G., Anagnostou, Ch., Camera, L., Daskalaki, E., Fasoulaka, Ch., Fokaefs, A., Fountoulis, I., Garcia, J., Gülkan, P., Mariolakos, I., Pomonis, A., Santulin, M., Tsambas, A., Wardell, N., Yalçiner, A., Hellenic Centre for Marine Research (HCMR), University of Trieste, University of Hamburg, Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e di Oceanografia Sperimentale (OGS), Géoazur (GEOAZUR 7329), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de la Côte d'Azur, Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud]), National Observatory of Athens (NOA), University of Athens [Greece] (UOA), Middle East Technical University [Ankara] (METU), Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire de la Côte d'Azur, Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA), and National and Kapodistrian University of Athens (NKUA)

Subjects
[SDU.STU]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract

International audience

Published
2014

38. A new seismogenic model for the Kyparissiakos Gulf and western Peloponnese (SW Hellenic Arc)

Author

Papoulia, J. Nicolich, R. Makris, J. Slejko, D. Mascle, J. Papadopoulos, G. Anagnostou, C.H. Camera, L. Daskalaki, E. Fasoulaka, C.H. Fokaefs, A. Fountoulis, I. Garcia, J. Gülkan, P. Mariolakos, I. Pomonis, A. Santulin, M. Tsambas, A. Wardell, N. Yalçiner, A.

Abstract

In order to define seismic hazard with sufficient accuracy required for engineering applications, we initiated a multidisciplinary geoscientific study offshore western Peloponnese, focusing on the Kyparissiakos Gulf. Multibeam swath bathymetry localised unstable coastal slopes, which were later investigated by high resolution seismic profiles. Sediments and crustal structures were studied by multi-channel seismic recordings and active large-offsets seismic profiling. We established an onshore/offshore local seismic array that recorded 3500 micro-earthquakes in two months, and combined the results with historical and digital seismicity data in order to understand the active crustal deformation. These findings were further combined with geological mapping and tectonic observations from onshore Peloponnese and available offshore data. All this geologic and tectonic information was coupled with evidence from the analysis of historical and recent seismicity with the aim of identifying the seismogenic sources. We have defined nine seismogenic zones in western Peloponnese that are significantly different from those published in the literature. The new zonation addresses more accurately the deformation of the crust and sediments, and is the basis for a reliable seismic hazard analysis and seismic risk assessment. We identified a large area of the northern Peloponnese and the lonian islands of Lefkas, Cephalonia, Zakynthos and Strophades, to be involved in a SW-ward oriented crustal extrusion, dominated by two major dextral deforming strike slip faults: Cephalonia and Andravida with their offshore prolongation. Some changes with respect to the Greek zonation in the literature have been introduced in the region surrounding the new nine seismogenic zones to reach a homogeneous cover of the whole Peloponnese. © 2014 - OGS.

Published
2014

39. Post-failure Processes on the Continental Slope of the Central Nile Deep-Sea Fan: Interactions Between Fluid Seepage, Sediment Deformation and Sediment-Wave Construction

Author

Migeon, S., Ceramicola, S., Praeg, D., Ducassou, E., Dano, A., Ketzer, J.Marcelo, Mary, F., Mascle, J., Géoazur (GEOAZUR 7329), Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire de la Côte d'Azur, Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA), Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e di Oceanografia Sperimentale (OGS), Environnements et Paléoenvironnements OCéaniques (EPOC), Observatoire aquitain des sciences de l'univers (OASU), Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), CEPAC, Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de la Côte d'Azur, Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud]), and Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
[SDU.STU]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences
Abstract

International audience; Voluminous mass-transport deposits (MTD) have been identified on seismic profiles across the central Nile Deep-Sea Fan (NDSF). The youngest MTDs are buried under 30-100 m of well-stratified slope deposits that, in water depths of 1,800-2,600 m, are characterized by undulating reflectors correlated with slope-parallel seabed ridges and troughs. Seabed imagery shows that, in the western part of the central NDSF, short, arcuate undulations are associated with fluid venting (carbonate pavements, gas flares), while to the east, long, linear undulations have erosional furrows on their downslope flanks and fluid seeps are less common. Sub-bottom profiles suggest that the western undulations correspond to rotated fault-blocks above the buried MTDs, while those in the east are sediment waves generated by gravity flows. We suggest that fluids coming from dewatering of MTDs and/or from deeper layers generate overpressures along the boundary between MTDs and overlying fine-grained sediment, resulting in a slow downslope movement of the sediment cover and formation of tilted blocks separated by faults. Fluids can migrate to the seafloor, leading to the construction of carbonate pavements. Where the sediment cover stabilizes, sediment deposition by gravity flows may continue building sediment waves. These results suggest that complex processes may follow the emplacement of large MTDs, significantly impacting continental-slope evolution.

Published
2014

41. Submarine canyon dynamics - Executive Summary

Author

Briand, F., Ceramicola, S., Amaro, T., Amblas, D., Cagatay, N., Carniel, S., Chiocci, F.L., Fabri, Marie-Claire, Gamberi, F., Harris, P.T., Lo-Iacono, Claudio, Jispa, D., Kontoyiannis, H., Krastel, S., Mascle, J., Puig, P., Vázquez, Juan Tomás, Briand, F., Ceramicola, S., Amaro, T., Amblas, D., Cagatay, N., Carniel, S., Chiocci, F.L., Fabri, Marie-Claire, Gamberi, F., Harris, P.T., Lo-Iacono, Claudio, Jispa, D., Kontoyiannis, H., Krastel, S., Mascle, J., Puig, P., and Vázquez, Juan Tomás

Abstract

Discussing submarine canyons dynamics through a multidisciplinary approach allowed to identify both advances in knowledge and remaining gaps concerning the controlling factors underlying the formation, development, ecological functioning and vulnerability of canyons at various time scales. As a result, we identified a number of recommendations for future research and actions that the interested reader will discover in this synthetic chapter, drafted as a collective effort in the months following our meeting. The subsequent chapters, each written by a workshop participant, detail the specificities and dynamics of of submarine canyons within and beyond the Mediterranean domain.

Published
2015

44. The EU SEAHELLARC project: aims and main results

Author

Papoulia, J., Makris, J., Mascle, J., Slejko, Dario, Yalciner, A. C., Hellenic Center for Marine Research (HCMR), GeoPro, Géoazur (GEOAZUR 7329), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire de la Côte d'Azur, Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA), Istituto Nazionale di Oceanografica e di Geofisica Sperimentale Trieste, Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e di Oceanografia Sperimentale (OGS), Technical university, Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de la Côte d'Azur, Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud]), Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire de la Côte d'Azur, and Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)

Subjects
[SDU.STU.GC]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Geochemistry, [SDU.STU]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences
Abstract

International audience; The SEAHELLARC project, supported by the European Commission, aimed at evaluating and computing seismic hazard and risk, as well as modelling tsunamis for the town of Pylos, in the western Peloponnese and neighboring region. This paper describes the main scopes and results of the project.

Published
2013

45. Mediterranean submarine canyons and channels: Morphological and geological backgrounds

Author

Migeon, S., Mascle, J., Coste, M., Rouillard, P., Géoazur (GEOAZUR 6526), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (1965 - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de la Côte d'Azur, COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Géoazur (GEOAZUR 7329), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de la Côte d'Azur, COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud]), Würtz, M. (Ed.), Switzerland and Malaga, Spain: IUCN, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])

Subjects
[SDU.STU]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences
Abstract

International audience; Although there is a common agreement on the importance of conservation of Mediterranean submarine canyons amongst international organizations, their governance is complex: the canyons' extension covers waters and seabeds under various types of jurisdictions (territorial waters, Fisheries Protection Zone, Ecological Protection Zone, including delimitation issues). Conservation of deep-sea features, such as canyons, requires improving our understanding of the biological and ecological role of these ecosystems, threats and conservation issues, limits and chances of national and international jurisdictions. This report has been written with the intention of meeting this need by reviewing interdisciplinary contributions of experts from various Mediterranean countries.

Published
2012

46. Seismic stratigraphy and deformational styles of the offshore Cyrenaica (Libya) and bordering Mediterranean Ridge

Author

L. Mbida, Yem, Camera, L., Mascle, J., Ribodetti, A., Géoazur (GEOAZUR 6526), Observatoire de la Côte d'Azur, Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Applied Geology Laboratory UYI, Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (1965 - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de la Côte d'Azur, and COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
Europe, divergent [Continental margins], Image processing, convergent [Continental margins], Africa, [SDU.STU]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences
Abstract

International audience; Off northwest Libya the Cyrenaica foreland basin domain and its Pan-African continental crust, which constitute the African promontory, are overthrusted by the Mediterranean Ridge Complex. The thrust belt contact and its seismic stratigraphy have been analysed using pre-stack depth-migrated multichannel seismic (MCS) lines recorded during the MEDISIS survey (2002). The geometry and sedimentary distribution analysis through the wedge-top depocentres allow reconstruction of schematic cross-sections of the tectono-sedimentary wedge that includes two major thrust sequences separated by an apparently poorly deformed transition zone. Based on time-space variation of several piggyback basins, we propose that these thrust sequences relate to distinct phases of shortening. (1) A first event, which probably occurred just prior to the Messinian crisis in latest Miocene (Tortonian times?) and (2) A second event, that has finally led to the present-day overthrusting of the Mediterranean Ridge over the Libyan continental slope.

Published
2011

47. Marine geohazards in the Mediterranean: Executive Summary

Author

Lange, G.J. de, Mascle, J., Sakellariou, D., Salamon, A., Rosen, D., Panyides, I., Ceramicola, S., Migeon, S., Sultan, N., De Martini, P.M., Gamberi, F., Sallares, V., Tinti, S., Papadopoulos, G.A., Okay, N., and Briand, F.

Subjects
Aardwetenschappen
Published
2011

48. Deep structure and seismic stratigraphy of the Egyptian Margin from Multichannel seismic data

Author

Camera, L., Ribodetti, A., Mascle, J., Géoazur (GEOAZUR 6526), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de la Côte d'Azur, Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (1965 - 2019) (UNS), and COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Abstract

International audience; Regional multichannel seismic reflection (MCS) profiles across the Egyptian continental slope, offshore the Nile delta, were recorded during the MEDISIS survey (conducted in 2002 on board the R/V Nadir). The results of this survey allow an interpretation of the overall structure and evolution of this passive continental margin. The MCS data were processed using an amplitude preserving pre-stack depth migration technique, which has the advantage of providing a quantitative, and geometrically correct, image of seismic horizons. Well-defined reflecting events allow the identification of three main seismic units. The upper unit (a 7 km thick) is interpreted as the post-rift sedimentary cover of the margin; it includes an undisturbed Middle Cretaceous to Upper Miocene sedimentary pile, covered by thick Messinian (latest Miocene) salt-rich layers and by Pliocene to Quaternary sediments, locally intensively deformed by gravity tectonics. The underlying intermediate acoustic unit (6 km thick on average) is interpreted as the Mesozoic syn-rift sedimentary cover of the margin; the end of the last rifting event is marked by a strong angular unconformity, tentatively of Aptian age. The lower unit may correspond to the thinned continental crust of Africa (12 km thick on average in the study area) and its pre-rift cover. Its base is identified by strong, discontinuous reflector packages about 23–25 km below sea floor, interpreted as indicative of the Moho.

Published
2010

49. High-resolution mapping of large gas emitting mud volcanoes on the Egyptian continental margin (Nile Deep Sea Fan) by AUV surveys

Author

Dupré, S., Buffet, G., Mascle, J., Foucher, J.P., Gauger, S., Boetius, A., Marfia, C., The, Asterx, Auv, Team, The, Quest, Rov, Team, The, Bionil, Scientific, Party, Géoazur (GEOAZUR 6526), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (1965 - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de la Côte d'Azur, COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Observatoire de la Côte d'Azur, Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), and COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Eastern Mediterranean, Nile Deep Sea Fan, 010502 geochemistry & geophysics, Oceanography, 01 natural sciences, Backscatter, Echo sounding, Continental margin, Geochemistry and Petrology, Mud volcanoes, Bathymetry, 14. Life underwater, AUV, Geomorphology, Seabed, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, geography, geography.geographical_feature_category, Continental shelf, Seafloor morphology, Seafloor spreading, Tectonics, Geophysics, [SDU]Sciences of the Universe [physics], Seismology, Geology, Mud volcano
Abstract

Two highly active mud volcanoes located in 990-1,265 m water depths were mapped on the northern Egyptian continental slope during the BIONIL expedition of R/V Meteor in October 2006. High-resolution swath bathymetry and backscatter imagery were acquired with an autonomous underwater vehicle (AUV)-mounted multibeam echosounder, operating at a frequency of 200 kHz. Data allowed for the construction of similar to 1 m pixel bathymetry and backscatter maps. The newly produced maps provide details of the seabed morphology and texture, and insights into the formation of the two mud volcanoes. They also contain key indicators on the distribution of seepage and its tectonic control. The acquisition of high-resolution seafloor bathymetry and acoustic imagery maps with an AUV-mounted multibeam echosounder fills the gap in spatial scale between conventional multibeam data collected from a surface vessel and in situ video observations made from a manned submersible or a remotely operating vehicle.

Published
2009

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