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We previously proposed an open-loop feed-forward (FF)-type digital pre-distortion (DPD) technique to compensate for distortion occurred from the non-linearity in the satellite transponder. Knowing the satellite transponder characteristics is a prerequisite for applying the FF DPD, and it is important to keep track of the satellite transponder characteristics even as the traveling wave tube amplifier (TWTA) ages. In this paper, we propose a technique for estimating the TWTA characteristics by analyzing a modulation signal at the downlink.

We previously proposed a set-partitioning 64APSK coded modulation as a scheme of expanding transmission capacity for satellite broadcasting. Conducting transmission-performance evaluations with a nonlinear satellite transponder model, especially for the 12GHz-band, is very important for 64APSK because of the weakness of the multi-level amplitudes. We evaluated its transmission performance in a non-linear channel by computer simulation and showed it could achieve better transmission performance than other transmission schemes.For this study, we prototyped a transmitter and receiver with our 64APSK coded modulation and evaluated its transmission performance through the "satellite simulator" that has a nonlinear channel with 12GHz-band satellite transponder characteristics, and compared the performance of the prototype with that of computer simulation. The results indicated that the performance of the prototype in the non-linear channel was qualitatively equal to the computer simulation.

In December 2018, satellite broadcasting of ultrahigh definition television will begin in Japan. The broadcasting will be provided with an amplitude and phase shift keying (APSK) modulation scheme. The non-linear characteristics of the satellite broadcasting transponders need to be reduced, and to do this, we have been studying a 120-W gallium-nitride (GaN) high power amplifier (HPA) for broadcasting satellites in the Ku band. In this work, we describe a GaN HPA and linearizer (LNZ) we have developed. The HPA was fabricated with $\pmb{0.15-\mu}\mathbf{m}$ GaN high electron mobility transistor (HEMT) technology and delivered an output power of 120 W while maintaining a power added efficiency (PAE) of 31%. The LNZ was applied to the HPA for improving the linearity of the HPA. By applying LNZ, gain compression within 2 dB and phase modulation within 5 degrees were achieved. As a next step, we will perform transmission experiments with a 16APSK signal.

In December 2018, satellite broadcasting of ultra-high-definition television (UHDTV) will begin in Japan. For broadcasting UHDTV, BSAT-4a satellite was successfully launched. The satellite has not only 12-GHz-band right- and lefthand circular polarization transponders but also a 21-GHz-band experimental transponder. To receive services provided over these two frequency bands and with dual-polarization, we fabricated and tested a dual-circularly polarized parabolic reflector antenna fed by 12- and 21-GHz-band microstrip antenna arrays with a multilayer structure. The measurement results indicate that the proposed antenna performed as a dual-polarized antenna in those two frequency bands.

Reactions of a ruthenium(II) complex containing quinoline-2-carbaldehyde (pyridine-2-carbonyl)hydrazone (HL), trans(P,P)-[RuCl2(PPh3)2(HL)] (1), and 3d-metal(II) chlorides resulted in heterodimetal...

A reaction of [PdCl2(cod)] (cod = 1,5-cyclooctadiene) and an E/Z mixture of quinoline-2-carbaldehyde (pyridine-2-carbonyl)hydrazone (HL) gave two kinds of Pd(II) mononuclear complexes, [PdCl(Z-L-κ(3)N,N',N'')] (1) and [PdCl2(E-HL'-κ(2)N,N')] (2), where L(-) is the deprotonated hydrazonate anion and HL' is the quinolinium-hydrazonate zwitterionic form of HL. Complex 2 is gradually converted to 1 in solution, and complex 1 is a good precursor to prepare a Pd(II)/Ru(II) heterodinuclear complex bridged by hydrazonate, trans(Cl,Cl)-[RuCl2(PPh3)2(μ-L)PdCl] (3).

We propose two van der Pol oscillators with high-order nonlinearities coupled with an inductor and investigate various types of multimode oscillations. We confirm that these oscillations are stably excited by numerical calculations, theoretical analyses and circuit experiments. In particular, we aim to show relations between the multimode oscillations and the number of order nonlinear characteristics.

A chiral complex, [Fe(HL)2](PF6)2 (1), where HL denotes 2-pyridylmethylidenehydrazono-4-(2-methylimidazolyl)methane, was prepared. X-ray structure analysis revealed that it crystallizes as a kryptoracemate of sesquihydrate chiral crystals in the orthorhombic noncentrosymmetric space group P212121 (Z = 8, Z′ = 2). Two diastereomeric cationic complexes with opposite configuration reside within the asymmetric unit. KBr pellets prepared using selected single crystals showed enantiomorphous circular dichroism patterns.

Coupled oscillator systems with nonlinear characteristics have shown some interesting phenomena and brought improvement to natural science and fundamental research. It is known that two oscillators coupled with an inductor excite two different modes: In-phase single-mode and anti-phase single-mode coexist for some range of parameter values. Both of negative resistors within these oscillators are normal. Such an oscillator is called a soft oscillator or one with soft nonlinearity. In comparison with soft oscillator, hard oscillator has a nonlinear negative resistor whose i v characteristics contain both negative and positive. The characteristics near the origin act as a positive resistor. Therefore the oscillator converges on the origin for small initial values. Greater initial values than the origin stable regions are required to generate the oscillation. Such an oscillator is called hard oscillator or one with hard nonlinearities. Two oscillators with hard nonlinearities coupled with an inductor excite four different modes: Zero (non-oscillation), in-phase single-mode, anti-phase single-mode and double-mode coexist for some range of parameter values [1]. The double-mode shows simultaneous asynchronous oscillations with in-phase and anti-phase frequency components. In particular, the double-mode oscillations are stably excited although they do not occur in the case of common negative resistors with soft nonlinearities. On the basis of this study, we have proposed two coupled chaotic circuits with hard nonlinearities for the purpose of looking for the interesting phenomena as double-mode chaotic oscillations [2][3]. We have confirmed doublemode chaos with one-periodic in-phase and chaotic antiphase single-modes [2] and that with torus and chaos [3], respectively. However, we have not found that with chaos and chaos in these systems. We are considering the reason that phenomena do not exist could be caused by their single circuit architecture. Bifurcation phenomena to chaos depend on the circuit architecture. In this study, we propose two chaotic circuits with hard nonlinearities coupled with an inductor and look for the expected double-mode chaos. Especially, we have adopted a different type of single circuit from the previous studies [2][3].

We investigate multiple circuits with fifthpower nonlinear characteristics coupled by a time-varying resistor. In particular, we confirm some different types of double-mode (simultaneous asynchronous) oscillations which do not occur for the systems with third-power nonlinear characteristics.

Oxidation of a blue ethanolic mixture containing Co(BF4)2·6H2O and PClPh2 by tetramethylthiuram disulfide afforded a red-colored complex having a cis-[CoIII(Me2dtc)2(P)2] environment (Me2dtc− = N,N-dimethyldithiocarbamate), although the yield was relatively low. Single-crystal X-ray crystallography revealed that the product was [Co(Me2dtc)2{(Ph2PO)2BF2}] (1), where bis(diphenylphosphinito)difluoroborate was probably formed by hydrolysis of PClPh2 followed by reaction with BF4− in ethanol. The same complex was also prepared by hydrolysis of cis-[Co(Me2dtc)2(PHPh2)2]BF4 in a mixture of acetonitrile, methanol and water. The molecular structure and spectroscopic properties of complex 1 were compared with those of the corresponding Ph2POMe complex, cis-[Co(Me2dtc)2(Ph2POMe)2]BF4.

Test satellite broadcastings for 4K/8K modulated by 16ASPK were launched in August 2016. The 16APSK transmission system requires higher linearity than the current one. We have developed an on-board 100 W class SSPA to stably transmit 16APSK. In this study, we conducted transmission experiments and evaluated the receiving performance for 16APSK over the SSPA at different operating points.

The reactions of quinoline-2-carbaldehyde (pyridine-2-carbonyl)hydrazone (HL) and [RuCl2(PPh3)3] in various solvents at different temperatures gave the three geometrical isomers trans(Cl,Cl)-, cis(Cl,Cl),trans(P,N)-, and trans(P,P)-[RuCl2(PPh3)2{HL-κO(amide),κN(imine)}] (1, 2, and 3, respectively) as well as a linkage isomer trans(P,P)-[RuCl2(PPh3)2{HL-κN(imine),κN(quin)}] (4). The molecular and crystal structures of 1–4, together with both E and Z configurational isomers (with respect to the C=N double bond) of the free ligand HL, were determined by X-ray analysis. The ligand HL adopted a Z form and acted as a κO(amide),κN(imine) bidentate ligand in 1–3, whereas it was an E isomer with a κN(imine),κN(quin) coordination mode in 4. The gradual thermal conversions of 1 to 2 and of 2 to 3 were observed in dichloromethane and ethanol, respectively, but an interconversion between 3 and 4 was not detected. In dichloromethane, all complexes have a reversible RuIII/II redox couple in the range 110–412 mV (vs. Ag/Ag+), and the redox potential was largely dependent on the coordination mode of HL and on the mutual configuration of the two PPh3 ligands. Such a potential shift can be interpreted as a combination of Cl–/amide O π-donor and PPh3/quinoline N π-acceptor orbital contributions to the RuII dπ orbitals [highest occupied molecular orbitals (HOMOs)]. Complexes 3 and 4 in acetonitrile showed a gradual spectral change, probably because of the substitution of the Cl– ligand by the acetonitrile solvent. In addition, 2–4 showed solvatochromic behavior even in noncoordinating solvents that resulted from a blueshift of the metal-to-ligand charge-transfer (MLCT) transition band in polar solvents. These electrochemical and spectroscopic properties are also supported by DFT and time-dependent DFT (TD-DFT) calculations.

Three iron(II) complexes with a linear symmetrical pentadentate ligand H 2 L 1 and a monodentate ligand X (X = N 3 − , NCS − , NCSe − ), [Fe II N 3 (H 2 L 1 )]BPh 4 ( 1 ), [Fe II NCS(H 2 L 1 )]BPh 4 ( 2 ), and [Fe II NCSe(H 2 L 1 )]BPh 4 ( 3 ), were synthesized and characterized, where H 2 L 1 denotes bis( N , N ′-2-methylimidazol-4-yl-methylideneaminopropyl)methylamine. Compounds 1 , 2 and 3 consist of a mononuclear complex-cation of [Fe II X(H 2 L 1 )] + (X = N 3 − , NCS − , NCSe − ) and a tetraphylborate (BPh 4 − ) anion. Each complex-cation has an octahedral coordination geometry with N 6 donor atoms of a linear pentadentate ligand of H 2 L 1 and a nitrogen atom of N 3 − , NCS − , or NCSe − , in which the linear pentadentate ligand is folded to coordinate to Fe II ion in a cis -form. One of two imidazole groups of a complex-cation is hydrogen bonded to N 3 − , NCS − , or NCSe − of the adjacent complex-cation to form a cyclic dimer structure for 1 and a zigzag-chain structure for 2 and 3 . The temperature dependence of the magnetic data revealed that 1 , 2 and 3 are high-spin (HS) complexes.

Four cobalt(III) complexes with the formula of [Co(Ln)2]− bearing tridentate amine-amidato-phenolato-type ligands (Ln: n = 1–4) were synthesized. All of the complexes were characterized by 1H NMR spectroscopy and X-ray analysis. The geometrical selectivity was found to depend on the flexibility of the amine-amidato chelate in combination with the planar 2-oxybenzamido 6-membered chelate; that is, the amine-amidato 5-membered chelate took the mer-type geometry, and the 6-membered chelate took the fac-type geometry. In most of the mer-type complexes, intermolecular double hydrogen bonds via amidato(O) and amino group were selectively formed between their enantiomeric pairs of mononuclear complexes. In the case of two chiral ligands {L22– = 2-amino-1-(2-oxybenzamido)propane; L32− = trans-1-amino-2-(2-oxybenzamido)cyclohexane}, [Co(L3)2]− showed diastereoselectivity while [Co(L2)2]− did not. Furthermore, PPh4[Co(L1)2] (L12− = 2-amino-1-(2-oxybenzamido)-2-methylpropane) showed an apparent solvatochromic behavior in several solvents. Although the molecular structures of [Co(L2 or L3)2]− are quite similar to that of [Co(L1)2]−, these complexes did not exhibit such a solvatochromic behavior.

A spin-crossover iron(II) complex, fac-[FeII(HLn-Hx)3]Cl·PF6 (1), that exhibits stepwise spin transition and thermal hysteresis was synthesized by using the ligand 2-methylimidazol-4-ylmethylidene-n-hexylamine (HLn-Hx). Four complex cations (fac-[FeII(HLn-Hx)3]2+) and four Cl– anions associate through twelve imidazole···Cl– H bonds to give a tetrameric cubane-like assembly, and one PF6– anion is encapsulated within the cavity of the cubane. Magnetic susceptibility measurements showed a three-step spin transition, and the spin-crossover profile became less pronounced as the sweep rate increased. At a sweep rate of 0.5 K min–1, the midpoint temperatures of the three steps are Tc() = 131.2, 144.2, and 154.2 K in the heating mode and Tc() = 116.8, 137.8, and 151.8 K in the cooling mode. The respective thermal hystereses were evaluated to be 14.4, 6.3, and 2.4 K wide.

In a new satellite broadcasting standard (ARIB STD-B44 ver.2.0) in 2014, 16APSK modulation schemes and a roll-off factor of 0.03 were adopted. Aiming at improving the transmission performance for 16APSK over satellite, we have developed an equalization technique using satellite transponder characteristics. We report the effect of this technique for 16APSK at each Output Back Off.

A series of cobalt(III) complexes containing 2-cyanoethylphosphines, [Co(Me2dtc)2{P(CH2CH2CN)nPh3−n}2]BF4 {Me2dtc−: N,N-dimethyldithiocarbamate; n = 1 (1), 2 (2), and 3 (3)} have been prepared, and...

A bidentate 2-methylimidazol-4-yl-methylideneaminobenzyl ligand (HLMe-Benz) reacts with FeIICl2·4H2O and NaPF6 at a 3:1:1 molar ratio to yield a tris(2-methylimidazol-4-yl-methylideneaminobenzyl)iron(II) chloride hexafluorophosphate solvate with the formula of [FeII(HLMe-Benz)3]Cl·PF6·solvent. Meridional and facial geometrical isomers, i.e., mer-[FeII (HLMe-Benz)3]Cl·PF6·1.5H2O (1·PF6·1.5H2O) and fac-[FeII(HLMe-Benz)3]Cl·PF6·EtOH·H2O (2·PF6·EtOH·H2O), were selectively crystallized from methanol and ethanol solutions, respectively. fac-[FeII(HLMe-Benz)3]Cl·SbF6·H2O (2·SbF6·H2O) and fac-[FeII(HLMe-Benz)3]Cl·ClO4·EtOH·H2O (2·ClO4·EtOH·H2O) are synthesized in ethanol, using the corresponding anions. Each FeII ion has an octahedral coordination geometry with N6 donor atoms from three bidentate ligands. All three imidazole groups in both the fac- and mer-[FeII(HLMe-Benz)3]2+ cations are hydrogen-bonded to neighboring three Cl− ions, and each Cl− ion is hydrogen-bonded to three imidazole groups of three neighboring complex cations; this results in the formation of hydrogen-bonded assembly structures. mer-Complex 1·PF6·1.5H2O forms a heterochiral two-dimensional (2D) network structure comprised of cyclic {mer-[FeII(HLMe-Benz)3]2+⋯Cl−}3 units with an ΔΔΛ or ΛΛΔ configuration; the PF6− ions occupy the spaces between the 2D layers. All the fac-complexes have isomorphous cubane-like tetrameric structures, i.e., {fac-[FeII(HLMe-Benz)3]2+⋯Cl−}4. The tetranuclear structure comprises four homo-chiral fac-Δ- or fac-Λ-[FeII(HLMe-Benz)3]2+ cations and four Cl− ions interconnected by twelve imidazole-chloride hydrogen bonds to form a chiral cubane supramolecule that encapsulates one counter anion. In the crystal lattice, the cubane-like tetramers with opposite chiralities are alternately arrayed. The temperature dependence of the magnetic susceptibilities and Mossbauer spectra reveal that the fac-complexes show incomplete spin crossover behavior, while the mer-complex shows a gradual spin crossover between high-spin (HS, S = 2) and low-spin (LS, S = 0) states.

Objectives To determine whether the number of teeth lost can predict the risk of subsequent hip fracture. Methods We followed up 9992 male Japanese dentists aged 50 years or more (mean age ± standard deviation [SD], 61.1 ± 9.6 years) for incidence of hip fracture. From 2001 through 2006, they completed a baseline questionnaire on lifestyle and health factors including the number of teeth lost (excluding third molars). Incidence rate ratios (IRRs) were estimated by fitting proportional hazard models. Results During the mean follow-up period of 6.0 years, 20 new cases of hip fracture occurred. Participants who had lost 15 or more teeth at baseline were at a significantly increased risk of hip fracture: the multivariate-adjusted IRRs were 4.1 (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.2–14.2) for loss of 15–27 teeth and 4.5 (1.1–18.0) for edentulousness relative to loss of 0–14 teeth (trend P, 0.028). Overall, the risk of hip fracture was weakly associated with the number of teeth lost: the IRR per tooth was 1.06 (95% CI, 1.01–1.12). Conclusions Tooth loss was slightly associated with a higher risk of subsequent hip fracture. The number of teeth lost might be informative in predicting this risk.

The tetrafluoroborate salt of bis{8-(diphenylphosphino)quinoline}copper(I), [Cu(Ph(2)Pqn)(2)]BF(4), afforded orange prismatic (2O) or yellow columnar (2Y) crystals, dependent on the solvent and concentration of the recrystallization solution used. X-ray analysis revealed that crystals of 2O and 2Y had the same composition and exhibited different crystal systems: 2O was triclinic, with space group P ̅1 and Z = 2, and 2Y was monoclinic with space group P2(1)/c and Z = 4. In these crystals, the tetrahedral copper(I) complex exhibited a strong "rocking distortion" toward a trigonal pyramidal coordination geometry (by a slide translation of one of the unsymmetrical bidentate chelating ligands along the tetrahedral edge). In addition, both the 2O and 2Y complexes showed a "flattening distortion", meaning that the dihedral angle between the two chelate planes were off-perpendicular and oriented toward opposite directions, which resulted in a pair of distortion isomers: syn clinal (sc: 2O) and anti clinal (ac: 2Y). (31)P CP-MAS NMR spectroscopy indicated that 2O and 2Y could be distinguished. Both isomers exhibited inequivalent P atoms, but a larger difference in chemical shift was observed in 2Y. TD-DFT calculations reproduced the difference in spectra between the orange- and yellow-colored complexes, which originated from metal-to-ligand charge-transfer transitions.

A low-spin FeIII complex, [FeIII(H2L5-Me)(HL5-Me)](ClO4)2·EtOH, was prepared by the reaction of FeII(ClO4)2·6H2O and H2L5-Me in ethanol with 1:2 molar ratio and in air, where H2L5-Me: N-[(5-methyli...

A iron(II) complex of the linear hexadentate N6 ligand H2L2-3-2, [Fe(H2L2-3-2)](ClO4)2, was synthesized and the spin crossover properties were investigated, where H2L2-3-2 denotes bis[N-(2-methylimidazol-4-yl)methylidene-2-aminoethyl]propanediamine. The complex showed a gradual and reversible one-step spin crossover (SCO) between the high-spin (S = 2) and low-spin (S = 0) states at T1/2 = 208 K without hysteresis. The crystal structures were determined at 296 and 250 K (HS state), 230, 210, and 200 K (intermediate between the HS and LS states) and 150 and 110 K (LS state). The spin transition from 296 to 150 K accompanies with the conformation change of the chelate rings at the triamine moiety and the formation of the hydrogen bond network in the same space group of orthorhombic Pbcn (no. 60). However, in the LS state at 110 K, the space group changed from orthorhombic Pbcn at 150 K (Pcan when the same axial setting to 110 K was used) to monoclinic P21/a (no. 14) at 110 K, although no spin transition and no change of assembly structure between 150 and 110 K were observed. It give us an idea that the space group transformation is mainly related to the conformational thermodynamic stability of the chelate rings at the triamine moiety and is not directly correlated with the spin transition.

A series of compounds [FeIIH3LMe]Br·Y·nMeOH ( Y = PF 6 - (1), AsF 6 - (2), SbF 6 - (3), CF 3 SO 3 - (4); n = 0 or 1) were synthesized, where H3LMe is a hexadentate N6 tripodal ligand of the neutral form, tris[2-(((2-methylimidazol-4-yl)methylidene)amino)ethyl]amine, and their structures and magnetic properties were investigated. The compounds 1−3 with counter anions Y = PF 6 - , AsF 6 - , and SbF 6 - contain methanol as a crystal solvent, and show no SCO behaviors, while the corresponding Cl− compounds have no crystal solvent and show a variety of SCO behaviors. The compound [FeIIH3LMe]Br·CF3SO3 (4) has no crystal solvent and has isomorphous structure to the Cl− compounds, and shows an abrupt spin transition between the HS (S = 2) and LS (S = 0) states with a hysteresis about 2 K and large frozen-in effect below 72 K. The T1/2↑ and T1/2↓ values are 98 and 96 K, whose values are higher than those of corresponding Cl− compound about 15 K and the width of hysteresis is narrower than that of corresponding Cl− compound about 2 K. The crystal structures of 4 were determined at 296 and 93 K, where the crystal system and space group showed no change between these temperatures. The structures at both temperatures have a same 2D layered structure, which is composed of NH⋯Br− hydrogen bonds between the Br− ion and the imidazole NH groups of three neighboring cations [FeIIH3LMe]2+. This network structure is the same as that of corresponding Cl− compound. The 600 nm light irradiation at 5 K induced the LIESST effect.

Metal complexes with tripodal hexadentate ligands containing three bidentate arms have a pair of optical isomers, that is Δ form and Λ form. We have prepared the metal complexes with two types of tripodal ligands. The complexes are not only mononuclear ones but also multinuclear and self-assembled supramolecular ones. Here, we describe the structures and properties with the emphasis on chirality-related features of them.

Mononuclear [Fe(H2LR)2]X2 (R = H, 2-Me, 5-Me, 2-Et-5-Me; X = ClO4, BF4) and dinuclear [Fe2(H2LR)3]X4 complexes containing imidazole-4-carbaldehyde azine (H2LH) and its derivatives prepared by condensation of 4-formylimidazole, 2-methyl- or 5-methyl-4-formylimidazole, or 2-ethyl-4-methyl-5-formylimidazole, with hydrazine in a 2:1 mole ratio in methanol, were prepared and their magnetostructural relationships were studied. In the mononuclear complexes, H2LR acts as an unsymmetrical tridentate ligand with two imidazole nitrogen atoms and one azine nitrogen atom, while in the dinuclear complexes, H2LR acts as a dinucleating ligand employing four nitrogen atoms to form a triple helicate structure. At room temperature, [Fe2(H2LH)3](ClO4)4 and [Fe2(H2L2-Me)3](ClO4)4 were in the high-spin (HS) and low-spin (LS) states, respectively. The results are in accordance with the ligand field strength of H2L2-Me with electron-donating methyl groups being stronger than H2LH, with the order of the ligand field strengths being H2L2-Me > H2LH. However, in the mononuclear [Fe(H2LH)2](ClO4)2 and [Fe(H2L2-Me)2](ClO4)2 complexes, a different order of ligand field strengths, H2LH > H2L2-Me, was observed because [Fe(H2LH)2](ClO4)2 was in the LS state while [Fe(H2L2-Me)2](ClO4)2 was in the HS state at room temperature. X-ray structural studies revealed that the interligand steric repulsion between a methyl group of an H2L2-Me ligand and the other ligand in [Fe(H2L2-Me)2](ClO4)2 is responsible for the observed change in the spin state. The same is true for [Fe(H2L2-Et-5-Me)2](ClO4)2, while [Fe(H2L5-Me)2](ClO4)2 does not involve such a steric congestion and stays in the LS state over the temperature range 5–300 K. Two kinds of crystals (polymorphs) were isolated for [Fe2(H2LH)3](BF4)4 and [Fe2(H2L2-Et-5-Me)3](ClO4)4, and they exhibited different magnetic behaviors.

Wakai K, Naito M, Naito T, Kojima M, Nakagaki H, Umemura O, Yokota M, Hanada N, Kawamura T. Tooth loss and intakes of nutrients and foods: a nationwide survey of Japanese dentists. Community Dent Oral Epidemiol 2010; 38: 43–49. © 2009 John Wiley & Sons A/S Abstract – Objectives: To clarify the association of tooth loss with dietary intakes among dentists, for whom sufficient dental care is available. Methods: We analyzed the data from 20 366 Japanese dentists (mean age ± SD, 52.2 ± 12.1 years; women 8.0%) who participated in a nationwide cohort study from 2001 to 2006. The baseline questionnaire included a validated food-frequency questionnaire to estimate intakes of foods and nutrients. We computed the geometric means of daily intakes by the number of teeth, adjusting for age, sex, smoking, physical activity, and history of diabetes. Results: The mean intakes of some key nutrients and food groups, such as carotene, vitamins A and C, milk and dairy products, and vegetables including green-yellow vegetables, decreased with the increasing number of teeth lost (P for trend

2-Methylimidazol-4-yl-methylideneamino-2-ethylpyridine (abbreviated as HLMe) is the 1:1 condensation product of 2-methyl-4-formylimidazole and 2-aminoethylpyridine and functions as a bidentate ligand to the iron(II) ion to produce the 3:1 complexes together with anions, [Fe(HLMe)3]X2 (X = PF6 (1), ClO4 (2), BF4 (3)). The magnetic susceptibilities, differential scanning calorimetric measurements, and Mossbauer spectral measurements demonstrated that complexes 1, 2, and 3 showed a steep one-step spin crossover (SCO) between the high-spin (HS, S = 2) and low-spin (LS, S = 0) states with small thermal hysteresis. Three complexes have an isomorphous structure and are crystallized in the same monoclinic space group, C2/c, both in the HS and LS states. The iron(II) ion has the octahedral coordination geometry of a facial isomer with N6 donor atoms of three bidentate ligands, in which an imidazole and an imine nitrogen atom per ligand participate in the formation of the coordination bond, but the pyridine nitroge...