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Tomato bacterial canker caused by Clavibacter michiganensis (Cm) is considered to be one of the most destructive bacterial diseases of tomato. To date, no resistance to the pathogen has been identified. While several molecular studies have identified (Cm) bacterial factors involved in disease development, the plant genes and mechanisms associated with susceptibility of tomato to the bacterium remain largely unknown. Here, we show for the first time that tomato gene SlWAT1 is a susceptibility gene to Cm. We inactivated the gene SlWAT1 through RNAi and CRISPR/Cas9 to study changes in tomato susceptibility to Cm. Furthermore, we analysed the role of the gene in the molecular interaction with the pathogen. Our findings demonstrate that SlWAT1 functions as an S gene to genetically diverse Cm strains. Inactivation of SlWAT1 reduced free auxin contents and ethylene synthesis in tomato stems and suppressed the expression of specific bacterial virulence factors. However, CRISPR/Cas9 slwat1 mutants exhibited severe growth defects. The observed reduced susceptibility is possibly a result of downregulation of bacterial virulence factors and reduced auxin contents in transgenic plants. This shows that inactivation of an S gene may affect the expression of bacterial virulence factors.

Physical activity sculpts our bodies, boosts health, and enhances our well-being as we age. But what if your facial skin could also benefit from a similar workout? Imagine achieving such effects through cosmetic products alone. Recent studies have shown the potential for targeted exercises to rejuvenate facial muscles, impacting the skin's internal structure and biological functions, from collagen production to enhancing skin firmness and density. These findings have spurred interest in new methods and technologies for facial toning. Vytrus Biotech has ventured into this innovative field, developing a unique biological synergy designed to strengthen and rejuvenate facial skin by mimicking the natural benefits of physical exercise. This approach enhances appearance and vitality without the need for traditional exercise routines. Using sustainable plant biotechnology, this new cosmetic ingredient activates the skin's exercise-like molecular mechanisms, improving muscle tone for a visibly lifted and rejuvenated complexion. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Natural plant exosomes are transforming the landscape of skin and hair care with their remarkable bioactive properties. These small extracellular vesicles (EVs), secreted by plant cells, are rich in DNA, RNA, proteins, and lipids, acting as natural biological communicators. Unlike synthetic alternatives, plant exosomes offer a sustainable, natural, and highly effective solution, aligning with the growing consumer demand for eco-friendly and efficacious beauty products. By facilitating cross-kingdom communication, these plant-derived exosomes introduce a new era in cosmetic innovation, offering a unique and potent approach to enhancing skin and hair health. The ability to customize and guide the production of different types of exosomes further underscores their potential, making natural plant exosomes a groundbreaking advancement in the pursuit of advanced and sustainable cosmetic solutions. By leveraging sustainable and innovative biotechnology, companies like Vytrus Biotech are pioneering the use of plant exosomes, offering a natural and effective alternative to synthetic cosmetic ingredients. The biotech company has harnessed this potential by developing high-concentration plant-derived exosomes from Curcuma longa and Centella asiatica cell cultures. These exosomes significantly enhance skin hydration, regeneration, and hair growth, effectively promoting anti-aging, anti-inflammatory, and regenerative effects, making them powerful allies in cosmetic formulations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of SOFW Journal (German version) is the property of Verlag fuer chemische Industrie H. Ziolkowsky GmbH and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Antonio Chacón, 1 Manuela Pérez-Chacón, 1 Mercedes Borda-Mas, 2 María Luisa Avargues-Navarro, 2 Ana María López-Jiménez 3 1International School of Doctoral Studies, University of Seville, Seville, 41013, Spain; 2Department of Personality, Assessment, and Psychological Treatment, University of Seville, Seville, 41018, Spain; 3Department of Experimental Psychology, University of Seville, Seville, SpainCorrespondence: María Luisa Avargues-NavarroDepartment of Personality, Assessment, and Psychological Treatment, Faculty of Psychology, University of Seville, C/Camilo José Cela s/n, Seville, 41018, SpainTel +34 954 557 806Email avargues@us.esManuela Pérez-ChacónInternational School of Doctoral Studies, University of Seville, México Pavillion, Paseo de las Delicias s/n, Seville, 41013, SpainTel +34 672 239 205Email manpercha@alum.us.esPurpose: This article describes a cross-cultural adaptation of the Highly Sensitive Person Scale (HSPS) to the adult Spanish population, and psychometric analysis of its validation and reliability.Methods: Convenience sampling by participant accessibility was used. The original version was adapted culturally and linguistically using the back-translation method, and a pilot study was done with 88 participants. Data processing and analysis was performed with the SPSS v.25 and LISREL v.9.2 statistical packages. The psychometric properties were studied in a sample of 8358 participants using exploratory factor analysis and confirmatory factor analysis, and examining factorial invariance and internal consistency.Results: The results confirmed a Spanish version with 27 items in five-dimensions: sensitivity to overstimulation (SOS), aesthetic sensitivity (AES), low sensory threshold (LST), fine psychophysiological discrimination (FPD) and harm avoidance (HA). Invariance across gender of this factor structure was demonstrated and reliability indices were good.Conclusion: These findings demonstrate that the HSPS is an appropriate tool for evaluating high sensitivity in the adult Spanish population.Keywords: sensory processing sensitivity, sensitivity to overstimulation, aesthetic sensitivity, low sensory threshold, fine psychophysiological discrimination, harm avoidance

Organic hydromulches can be an interesting alternative for weed control in perennial crops, but can also reduce soil water evaporation. To examine the effect of a hydromulch layer on soil water content in dry conditions laboratory experiments were conducted at constant 25°C, 40% air RH. Both for small soil containers with a short time course and for larger soil columns (with two sensors at depths of 6 cm and 11 cm) with a longer time course, the presence and also the thickness of hydromulch were significant factors for the temporal evolution of soil water content. Two distinct stages of the evaporation process, the first or initial stage and the last or final stage, were identified, analysed and compared for these experiments. General linear models performed on the soil water content temporal evolutions showed significant differences for the first and last stages at the top and bottom of the soil columns with and without hydromulch. Hydromulch application delayed the evaporation process in comparison with the control. Moreover, the hydromulch layer, which was tested for mechanical resistance to punching, offered enough resistance to prevent its perforation by the sprouts of weed rhizomes.

Vytrus Biotech harnesses its extensive expertise in plant regeneration science, built over a decade, to tap into the power of totipotent plant cell cultures for innovative cosmetic solutions. Based on in-house knowledge, Vytrus has shown many similarities in tissue regeneration processes between plants and animals, also identifying several small signalling peptides from Centella asiatica stem cells (plant oligopeptides) involved in growth and division processes. These plant-derived peptides are particularly effective in rejuvenating ageing human dermal fibroblasts, showcasing growth factor-like activities that are pivotal for skin renewal and anti-ageing effects. The profound impact of these phyto-peptidic fractions on ageing skin cells is evident in their ability to not only slow down the ageing process but also to promote cell proliferation. This breakthrough signifies a monumental leap in anti-ageing skincare, bridging the gap between natural plant science and cutting-edge biotechnological advancements. In vitro and in vivo studies confirm the potential of these peptides to reverse the ageing signs in fibroblasts, offering a natural yet powerful approach to combat skin ageing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of SOFW Journal (German version) is the property of Verlag fuer chemische Industrie H. Ziolkowsky GmbH and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)