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10. Aseptic peritonitis due to peptidoglycan

Author

Goffin, Eric, Tintillier, Michel, Devuyst, Olivier, Martis, Leo, Verger, Christian, and Owen, William F., Jr.

Subjects
Peptidoglycans -- Research, Peritonitis -- Diagnosis, Peritonitis -- Drug therapy, Continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis, Peritoneal dialysis
Published
2005

15. Effects of Intraperitoneal Hyaluronan on Peritoneal Fluid and Solute Transport in Peritoneal Dialysis Patients

Author

Moberly, James B., primary, Sorkin, Michael, additional, Kucharski, Andrew, additional, Ogle, Kristen, additional, Mongoven, James, additional, Skoufos, Line, additional, Lin, Lawrence, additional, Bailey, Susan, additional, Rodela, Helen, additional, Mupas, Lou, additional, Walele, Aziz, additional, Ogrinc, Francis, additional, White, Darci, additional, Wolfson, Marsha, additional, Martis, Leo, additional, Breborowicz, Andrzej, additional, and Oreopoulos, Dimitrios G., additional

Published
2003
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28. Treatment of malnourished CAPD patients with an amino acid based dialysate

Author

Kopple, Joel D., primary, Bernard, David, additional, Messana, Joseph, additional, Swartz, Richard, additional, Bergström, Jonas, additional, Lindholm, Bengt, additional, Lim, Victoria, additional, Brunori, Giuliano, additional, Leiserowitz, Marc, additional, Bier, Dennis M., additional, Stegink, Lewis D., additional, Martis, Leo, additional, Boyle, Corrine Algrim, additional, Serkes, Kenneth D., additional, Vonesh, Edward, additional, and Jones, Michael R., additional

Published
1995
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40. The Impact of Sterilization Methods on the Quality of Peritoneal Dialysis Solutions.

Author

Henderson, Lee W., Thuma, Richard S., and Martis, Leo

Abstract

Regulatory agencies around the world granting approvals to market medical products place a great deal of emphasis on assuring that products purporting to be sterile are indeed sterile. In its strictest definition, the term sterile refers to complete absence of viable microorganisms. Therefore, sterility is an abstract concept of negative state, and as such, is not capable of practical demonstration. In practice, however, sterility is defined in a probabilistic term as Sterility Assurance Level (SAL). Because sterility failures are recognized as being among the most critical and dangerous of product defects, the regulatory agencies generally recommend a sterilization process that ensures minimum risk of surviving organisms. In this chapter we will review the primary methods of sterilization, the impact of these methods on the quality of current peritoneal dialysis (PD) solutions, and potential approaches for improving the quality of these fluids. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
1998
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42. Nutritional Assessment of Continuous Ambulatory Peritoneal Dialysis Patients: An International Study

Author

Young, Gerald A., primary, Kopple, Joel D., additional, Lindholm, Bengt, additional, Vonesh, Edward F., additional, De Vecchi, Amedeo, additional, Scalamogna, Antonio, additional, Castelnova, Claudia, additional, Oreopoulos, Dimitrios G., additional, Anderson, G. Harvey, additional, Bergstrom, Jonas, additional, DiChiro, Janet, additional, Gentile, Dominic, additional, Nissenson, Allen, additional, Sakhrani, Lakhi, additional, Brownjohn, Aleck M., additional, Nolph, Karl D., additional, Prowant, Barbara F., additional, Algrim, Corrine E., additional, Martis, Leo, additional, and Serkes, Kenneth D., additional

Published
1991
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45. Calcium Carbonate as a Phosphate Binder: Is There a Need to Adjust Peritoneal Dialysate Calcium Concentrations for Patients Using CaCO3?

Author

Martis, Leo, Serkes, Kenneth D., and Nolph, Karl D.

Abstract

The widespread use of calcium carbonate as a phosphate binder is limited by its tendency to develop hypercalcemia in some patients using effective dosages needed to control hyperphosphatemia. Most common continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD) regimens using dialysis solutions containing 3.5 mEqlL of calcium result in net absorption of calcium from the dialysis solution and, hence limit the amount of oral calcium that can be administered. Peritoneal dialysis solutions with reduced calcium levels are needed for effective use of CaCO3 to control hyperphosphatemia in some dialysis patients.

Published
1989
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46. Assessment of the toxicity of cyclohexanone administered intravenously to Wistar and Gunn rats

Author

Greener, Yigal, Martis, Leo, and Indacochea-Redmond, Ninfa

Abstract

The toxicity of cyclohexanone, used as a solvent cement in polyvinyl chloride medical devices, was assessed in Wistar and Gunn rats. The Gunn rat was used because it has a negligible activity of UDP glucuronosyltransferase toward bilirubin and certain other aglycones. Cyclohexanone was administered iv for 28 consecutive days to Wistar and Gunn rats in two doses (50 and 100 mg/kg), using solutions containing 0.25 and 0.50 g per 100 ml, respectively, at a constant volume of 20 mg/kg. Saline (0.9% NaCI) was used as the control. Daily observations for signs of toxicity showed no adverse effects in Wistar or Gunn rats injected with either dose. Daily weight changes of control and test animals were similar. Ophthalmologic examinations revealed no treatment-related structural lesions. No adverse effects were noted when the data from the hemogram or clinical chemistry parameters were evaluated. Gross pathological and histopathologic assessment showed no alterations due to cyclohexanone treatment. Urinary excretions of total and glucuronide conjugates of cyclohexanol were similar for Wistar and Gunn rats; less than 1% was excreted as free cyclohexanone and cyclohexanol. It is concluded that the Gunn rat is capable of forming glucuronides of cyclohexanol and that cyclohexanone at these doses has a negligible toxic potential.

Published
1982
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47. GLC Determination of Meprobamate in Water, Plasma, and Urine

Author

Martis, Leo and Levy, René H.

Abstract

A GLC method for the determination of meprobamate in water, plasma, and urine is described. The procedure is based on alkaline hydrolysis of meprobamate followed by silylation of the hydrolysis product to give a trimethylsilyl derivative. Quantitation of the drug was effected using a homolog of the hydrolysis product as an internal standard, which is also silylated during the procedure. The method is specific, sensitive, and reproducible and has been used for the routine analysis of biological samples obtained from meprobamate-treated dogs and humans.

Published
1974
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48. Tissue distribution and excretion of tri-(2-ethylhexyl)trimellitate in rats

Author

Martis, Leo, Freid, E., and Woods, E.

Abstract

The disposition kinetics of tri-(2-ethylhexyl)trimellitate (TEHTM), a new plasticizer for polyvinyl chloride (PVC) plastic, was studied in rats following intravenous administration of (14C-carbonyl]tri-(2-ethylhexyl)trimellitate using an oil in water emulsion as the vehicle. The distribution half-life, elimination half-life, and clearance values estimated from the plasma concentration of radioactivity data obtained following iv administration of 10.5 mg/kg of TEHTM (59.9 μCilkg), were 46.2 min, 5.34 d, and 40.5 ml/kg • h, respectively. Following iv dosage of 15.6 mg/kg of TEHTM (28.0 μCilkg), significant accumulation of radioactivity was found in the liver, lungs, and spleen, with liver accounting for 72% of the administered dosage at 24 h. Excretion of TEHTM and its biotransformation products was slow, with 21.3% of the administered radioactivity found in the feces and 2.8% in the urine during the 14-d collection period. Biliary excretion seems to be the major route of elimination of TEHTM. The pharma-cokinetic data gathered in the present investigation are compared to di-(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate (DEHP), a widely used plasticizer for PVC.

Published
1987
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49. Micelle Formation and Testosterone Solubilization by Sodium Glycocholate

Author

Martis, Leo, Hall, Nathan A., and Thakkar, Arvind L.

Abstract

Surface tension and light-scattering studies on aqueous solutions of sodium glycocholate gave CMC values of 0.0129 and 0.0138 mole/1., respectively. Light-scattering studies in 0.1 MNaCl gave a weight-average micellar weight of about 1950, indicating that four monomers of glycocholate aggregate to form the primary micelle. Preferential broadening of the angular methyl signals in the NMR spectra suggests that glycocholate micelles are formed by back-to-back hydrophobic association of the steroid nuclei. The signal due to the glycine methylene protons in the hydrophilic region of the molecule showed little broadening. Solubility studies showed that testosterone is solubilized by glycocholate below the apparent binary CMC. The solubilizing capacity is quite low. The complex association between testosterone and glycocholate suggests mixed micelle formation.

Published
1972
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