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4. Molecular characterization of 39 de novo sSMC: contribution to prognosis and genetic counselling, a prospective study

Author

Marle, N., Martinet, D., Aboura, A., Joly-Helas, G., Andrieux, J., Flori, E., Puechberty, J., Vialard, F., Sanlaville, D., Fert Ferrer, S., Bourrouillou, G., Tabet, A. C., Quilichini, B., Simon-Bouy, B., Bazin, A., Becker, M., Stora, H., Amblard, S., Doco-Fenzy, M., Molina Gomes, D., Girard-Lemaire, F., Cordier, M. P., Satre, V., Schneider, A., Lemeur, N., Chambon, P., Jacquemont, S., Fellmann, F., Vigouroux-Castera, A., Molignier, R., Delaye, A., Pipiras, E., Liquier, A., Rousseau, T., Mosca, A. L., Kremer, V., Payet, M., Rangon, C., Mugneret, F., Aho, S., Faivre, L., and Callier, P.

Published
2014
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7. Defining the Effect of the 16p11.2 Duplication on Cognition, Behavior, and Medical Comorbidities

Author

D'Angelo, D., Lebon, S., Chen, Q., Martin-Brevet, S., Snyder, L. G., Hippolyte, L., Hanson, E., Maillard, A. M., Faucett, W. A., Mace, A., Pain, A., Bernier, R., Chawner, S. J. R. A., David, A., Andrieux, J., Aylward, E., Baujat, G., Caldeira, I., Conus, P., Ferrari, C., Forzano, F., Gerard, M., Goin-Kochel, R. P., Grant, E., Hunter, J. V., Isidor, B., Jacquette, A., Jonch, A. E., Keren, B., Lacombe, D., Le Caignec, C., Martin, C. L., Mannik, K., Metspalu, A., Mignot, C., Mukherjee, P., Owen, M. J., Passeggeri, M., Rooryck-Thambo, C., Rosenfeld, J. A., Spence, S. J., Steinman, K. J., Tjernagel, J., Van Haelst, M., Shen, Y., Draganski, B., Sherr, E. H., Ledbetter, D. H., van den Bree, M. B. M., Beckmann, J. S., Spiro, J. E., Reymond, A., Jacquemont, S., Chung, W. K., Knoers, N. V. A. M., Martinet, D., Belfiore, M., Cuvellier, J. -C., Devries, B., Delrue, M. -A., Doco-Fenzy, M., Lebel, R., Leheup, B., Lewis, S., Mencarelli, M. A., Minet, J. -C., Vincent-Delorme, C., Moerman, A., Mucciolo, M., Ounap, K., Rajcan-Separovic, E., Renieri, A., Sanlaville, D., Faas, B. H., Koolen, D. A., Vulto-Van Silfhout, A., de Leeuw, N., Rosanfeld, J. A., Filges, I., Achatz, E., Roetzer, K. M., Bonneau, D., Guichet, A., Lazaro, L., Plessis, G., Kroisel, P. M., Reis, A., Jonveaux, P., Chantot-Bastaraud, S., Rauch, A., Demeer, B., Nordgren, A., Labalme, A., Ferrarini, A., Ramelli, G. P., Guilmatre, A., Joly-Helas, G., Haize, S., Layet, V., Le Gallic, S., de Freminville, B., Touraine, R., Van Binsbergen, E., Mathieu-Dramard, M., Barth, M., Blaumeiser, B., Masurel, A., Cailler, P., Olivier-Faivre, L., Malacarne, M., Coutton, C., Dieterich, K., Satre, V., Wallgren-Pettersson, C., Tensgrom, C., Kaksonen, S., Duban-Bedu, B., Holder, M., Rossi, M., Gaillard, D., Bock, D., Bednarek, N., Guillin, O., Bizzarri, V., Flori, E., Silengo, M., Kooy, R. F., Aboura, A., Beri, M., Delobel, B., Drunat, S., Jaros, Z., Kolk, A., Reigo, A., Zufferey, F., Beckmann, N., Faravelli, F., Alupay, H., Aaronson, B., Ackerman, S., Ankenman, K., Anwar, A., Atwell, C., Bowe, A., Beaudet, A. L., Benedetti, M., Berg, J., Berman, J., Berry, L. N., Bibb, A. L., Blaskey, L., Brennan, J., Brewton, C. M., Buckner, R., Bukshpun, P., Burko, J., Cali, P., Cerban, B., Chang, Y., Cheong, M., Chow, V., Chu, Z., Chudnovskaya, D., Cornew, L., Dale, C., Dell, J., Dempsey, A. G., Deschamps, T., Earl, R., Edgar, J., Elgin, J., Endre, J., Evans, Y. L., Findlay, A., Fischbach, G. D., Fisk, C., Fregeau, B., Gaetz, B., Gaetz, L., Garza, S., Gerdts, J., Glenn, O., Gobuty, S. E., Golembski, R., Greenup, M., Heiken, K., Hines, K., Hinkley, L., Jackson, F. I., Jenkins, J., Jeremy, R. J., Johnson, K., Kanne, S. M., Kessler, S., Khan, S. Y., Ku, M., Kuschner, E., Laakman, A. L., Lam, P., Lasala, M. W., Lee, H., La, K., Levy, S., Lian, A., Llorens, A. V., Loftus, K., Luks, T. L., Marco, E. J., Martin, S., Martin, A. J., Marzano, G., Masson, C., Mcgovern, K. E., Keehn, R. M., Miller, D. T., Miller, F. K., Moss, T. J., Murray, R., Nagarajan, S. S., Nowell, K. P., Owen, J., Paal, A. M., Packer, A., Page, P. Z., Paul, B. M., Peters, A., Peterson, D., Poduri, A., Pojman, N. J., Porche, K., Proud, M. B., Qasmieh, S., Ramocki, M. B., Reilly, B., Roberts, T. P. L., Shaw, D., Sinha, T., Smith, B., Snow, A., Swarnakar, V., Thieu, T., Triantafallou, C., Vaughan, R., Wakahiro, M., Wallace, A., Ward, T., Wenegrat, J., Wolken, A., Blaumeiser, Bettina, Kooy, Frank, Other departments, Cardiff University Experiences of Children With Copy Number Variants (ECHO) Study, 16p11.2 European Consortium, Simons Variation in Individuals Project (VIP) Consortium, Knoers, VA., Martinet, D., Belfiore, M., Cuvellier, JC., de Vries, B., Delrue, MA., Doco-Fenzy, M., Lebel, R., Leheup, B., Lewis, S., Mencarelli, MA., Minet, JC., Vincent-Delorme, C., Moerman, A., Mucciolo, M., Ounap, K., Rajcan-Separovic, E., Renieri, A., Sanlaville, D., Faas, BH., Koolen, DA., Vulto-van Silfhout, A., de Leeuw, N., Rosenfeld, JA., Filges, I., Achatz, E., Roetzer, KM., Bonneau, D., Guichet, A., Lazaro, L., Plessis, G., Kroisel, PM., Reis, A., Jonveaux, P., Chantot-Bastaraud, S., Rauch, A., Demeer, B., Nordgren, A., Labalme, A., Ferrarini, A., Ramelli, GP., Guilmatre, A., Joly-Helas, G., Haize, S., Layet, V., Le Gallic, S., de Fréminville, B., Touraine, R., Van Binsbergen, E., Mathieu-Dramard, M., Barth, M., Blaumeiser, B., Masurel, A., Cailler, P., Olivier-Faivre, L., Malacarne, M., Coutton, C., Dieterich, K., Satre, V., Wallgren-Pettersson, C., Tensgrom, C., Kaksonen, S., Duban-Bedu, B., Holder, M., Rossi, M., Gaillard, D., Bock, D., Bednarek, N., Guillin, O., Bizzarri, V., Flori, E., Silengo, M., Kooy, RF., Aboura, A., Beri, M., Delobel, B., Drunat, S., Jaros, Z., Kolk, A., Reigo, A., Zufferey, F., Beckmann, N., Faravelli, F., Alupay, H., Aaronson, B., Ackerman, S., Ankenman, K., Anwar, A., Atwell, C., Bowe, A., Beaudet, AL., Benedetti, M., Berg, J., Berman, J., Berry, LN., Bibb, AL., Blaskey, L., Brennan, J., Brewton, CM., Buckner, R., Bukshpun, P., Burko, J., Cali, P., Cerban, B., Chang, Y., Cheong, M., Chow, V., Chu, Z., Chudnovskaya, D., Cornew, L., Dale, C., Dell, J., Dempsey, AG., Deschamps, T., Earl, R., Edgar, J., Elgin, J., Olson, JE., Evans, YL., Findlay, A., Fischbach, GD., Fisk, C., Fregeau, B., Gaetz, B., Gaetz, L., Garza, S., Gerdts, J., Glenn, O., Gobuty, SE., Golembski, R., Greenup, M., Heiken, K., Hines, K., Hinkley, L., Jackson, FI., Jenkins J.<Suffix>3rd</Suffix>, Jeremy, RJ., Johnson, K., Kanne, SM., Kessler, S., Khan, SY., Ku, M., Kuschner, E., Laakman, AL., Lam, P., Lasala, MW., Lee, H., LaGuerre, K., Levy, S., Lian Cavanagh, A., Llorens, AV., Loftus Campe, K., Luks, TL., Marco, EJ., Martin, S., Martin, AJ., Marzano, G., Masson, C., McGovern, KE., McNally Keehn, R., Miller, DT., Miller, FK., Moss, TJ., Murray, R., Nagarajan, SS., Nowell, KP., Owen, J., Paal, AM., Packer, A., Page, PZ., Paul, BM., Peters, A., Peterson, D., Poduri, A., Pojman, NJ., Porche, K., Proud, MB., Qasmieh, S., Ramocki, MB., Reilly, B., Roberts, TP., Shaw, D., Sinha, T., Smith-Packard, B., Snow Gallagher, A., Swarnakar, V., Thieu, T., Triantafallou, C., Vaughan, R., Wakahiro, M., Wallace, A., Ward, T., Wenegrat, J., Wolken, A., Human genetics, Amsterdam Neuroscience - Complex Trait Genetics, and Amsterdam Reproduction & Development (AR&D)

Subjects
Male, 0301 basic medicine, Proband, Pediatrics, Autism Spectrum Disorder, Developmental Disabilities, Chromosome Disorders, Comorbidity, Nonverbal learning disorder, Cohort Studies, Cognition, 0302 clinical medicine, Cerebellum, Chromosome Duplication, Gene duplication, Copy-number variation, Non-U.S. Gov't, Child, 2. Zero hunger, Intelligence quotient, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't, Middle Aged, Psychiatry and Mental health, Microcephaly, Female, Schizophrenic Psychology, Chromosome Deletion, Psychology, Rare cancers Radboud Institute for Health Sciences [Radboudumc 9], Human, Adult, medicine.medical_specialty, Adolescent, DNA Copy Number Variations, Research Support, Nervous System Malformations, Article, Chromosomes, Young Adult, 03 medical and health sciences, Intellectual Disability, Journal Article, medicine, Humans, Autistic Disorder, Preschool, Psychiatry, Neurodevelopmental disorders Donders Center for Medical Neuroscience [Radboudumc 7], Epilepsy, Pair 16, Other Research Radboud Institute for Health Sciences [Radboudumc 0], Case-control study, Autism Spectrum Disorder/epidemiology, Autism Spectrum Disorder/genetics, Autistic Disorder/epidemiology, Autistic Disorder/genetics, Case-Control Studies, Cerebellum/abnormalities, Child, Preschool, Chromosome Disorders/epidemiology, Chromosome Disorders/genetics, Chromosomes, Human, Pair 16/genetics, Developmental Disabilities/epidemiology, Developmental Disabilities/genetics, Epilepsy/epidemiology, Epilepsy/genetics, Intellectual Disability/epidemiology, Intellectual Disability/genetics, Microcephaly/epidemiology, Microcephaly/genetics, Nervous System Malformations/epidemiology, Nervous System Malformations/genetics, Schizophrenia/epidemiology, Schizophrenia/genetics, medicine.disease, 030104 developmental biology, Chromosomes, Human, Pair 16, Schizophrenia, Autism, Human medicine, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Abstract

Contains fulltext : 167711.pdf (Publisher’s version ) (Closed access) IMPORTANCE: The 16p11.2 BP4-BP5 duplication is the copy number variant most frequently associated with autism spectrum disorder (ASD), schizophrenia, and comorbidities such as decreased body mass index (BMI). OBJECTIVES: To characterize the effects of the 16p11.2 duplication on cognitive, behavioral, medical, and anthropometric traits and to understand the specificity of these effects by systematically comparing results in duplication carriers and reciprocal deletion carriers, who are also at risk for ASD. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: This international cohort study of 1006 study participants compared 270 duplication carriers with their 102 intrafamilial control individuals, 390 reciprocal deletion carriers, and 244 deletion controls from European and North American cohorts. Data were collected from August 1, 2010, to May 31, 2015 and analyzed from January 1 to August 14, 2015. Linear mixed models were used to estimate the effect of the duplication and deletion on clinical traits by comparison with noncarrier relatives. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES: Findings on the Full-Scale IQ (FSIQ), Nonverbal IQ, and Verbal IQ; the presence of ASD or other DSM-IV diagnoses; BMI; head circumference; and medical data. RESULTS: Among the 1006 study participants, the duplication was associated with a mean FSIQ score that was lower by 26.3 points between proband carriers and noncarrier relatives and a lower mean FSIQ score (16.2-11.4 points) in nonproband carriers. The mean overall effect of the deletion was similar (-22.1 points; P < .001). However, broad variation in FSIQ was found, with a 19.4- and 2.0-fold increase in the proportion of FSIQ scores that were very low (100) compared with the deletion group (P < .001). Parental FSIQ predicted part of this variation (approximately 36.0% in hereditary probands). Although the frequency of ASD was similar in deletion and duplication proband carriers (16.0% and 20.0%, respectively), the FSIQ was significantly lower (by 26.3 points) in the duplication probands with ASD. There also were lower head circumference and BMI measurements among duplication carriers, which is consistent with the findings of previous studies. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE: The mean effect of the duplication on cognition is similar to that of the reciprocal deletion, but the variance in the duplication is significantly higher, with severe and mild subgroups not observed with the deletion. These results suggest that additional genetic and familial factors contribute to this variability. Additional studies will be necessary to characterize the predictors of cognitive deficits.

Published
2016
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10. A new highly penetrant form of obesity due to deletions on chromosome 16p11.2

Author

Walters, R. G., Jacquemont, S., Valsesia, A., de Smith, A. J., Martinet, D., Andersson, J., Falchi, M., Chen, F., Andrieux, J., Lobbens, S., Delobel, B., Stutzmann, F., El-Sayed Moustafa, J. S., Chèvre, J.-C., Lecoeur, C., Vatin, V., Bouquillon, S., Buxton, J. L., Boute, O., Holder-Espinasse, M., Cuisset, J.-M., Lemaitre, M.-P., Ambresin, A.-E., Brioschi, A., Gaillard, M., Giusti, V., Fellmann, F., Ferrarini, A., Hadjikhani, N., Campion, D., Guilmatre, A., Goldenberg, A., Calmels, N., Mandel, J.-L., Le Caignec, C., David, A., Isidor, B., Cordier, M.-P., Dupuis-Girod, S., Labalme, A., Sanlaville, D., Béri-Dexheimer, M., Jonveaux, P., Leheup, B., Õunap, K., Bochukova, E. G., Henning, E., Keogh, J., Ellis, R. J., MacDermot, K. D., van Haelst, M. M., Vincent-Delorme, C., Plessis, G., Touraine, R., Philippe, A., Malan, V., Mathieu-Dramard, M., Chiesa, J., Blaumeiser, B., Kooy, R. F., Caiazzo, R., Pigeyre, M., Balkau, B., Sladek, R., Bergmann, S., Mooser, V., Waterworth, D., Reymond, A., Vollenweider, P., Waeber, G., Kurg, A., Palta, P., Esko, T., Metspalu, A., Nelis, M., Elliott, P., Hartikainen, A.-L., McCarthy, M. I., Peltonen, L., Carlsson, L., Jacobson, P., Sjöström, L., Huang, N., Hurles, M. E., OʼRahilly, S., Farooqi, I. S., Männik, K., Jarvelin, M.-R., Pattou, F., Meyre, D., Walley, A. J., Coin, L. J. M., Blakemore, A. I. F., Froguel, P., and Beckmann, J. S.

Published
2010
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12. Extent and patterns of MGMT promoter methylation in glioblastoma- and respective glioblastoma-derived spheres

Author

Sciuscio D., Diserens A. C., van Dommelen K., Martinet D., Jones G., Janzer R. C., Pollo C., Hamou M. F., Kaina B., Stupp R., Levivier M., and Hegi M. E.

Subjects
neoplasms, digestive system diseases
Abstract

PURPOSE: Quantitative methylation specific tests suggest that not all cells in a glioblastoma with detectable promoter methylation of the O6 methylguanine DNA methyltransferase (MGMT) gene carry a methylated MGMT allele. This observation may indicate cell subpopulations with distinct MGMT status raising the question of the clinically relevant cutoff of MGMT methylation therapy. Epigenetic silencing of the MGMT gene by promoter methylation blunts repair of O6 methyl guanine and has been shown to be a predictive factor for benefit from alkylating agent therapy in glioblastoma. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN: Ten paired samples of glioblastoma and respective glioblastoma derived spheres (GS) cultured under stem cell conditions were analyzed for the degree and pattern of MGMT promoter methylation by methylation specific clone sequencing MGMT gene dosage chromatin status and respective effects on MGMT expression and MGMT activity. RESULTS: In glioblastoma MGMT methylated alleles ranged from 10 to 90. In contrast methylated alleles were highly enriched (100 of clones) in respective GS even when 2 MGMT alleles were present with 1 exception (

Published
2010

13. Xq28 duplication includingMECP2in six unreported affected females: what can we learn for diagnosis and genetic counselling?

Author

El Chehadeh, S., primary, Touraine, R., additional, Prieur, F., additional, Reardon, W., additional, Bienvenu, T., additional, Chantot-Bastaraud, S., additional, Doco-Fenzy, M., additional, Landais, E., additional, Philippe, C., additional, Marle, N., additional, Callier, P., additional, Mosca-Boidron, A.-L., additional, Mugneret, F., additional, Le Meur, N., additional, Goldenberg, A., additional, Guerrot, A.-M., additional, Chambon, P., additional, Satre, V., additional, Coutton, C., additional, Jouk, P.-S., additional, Devillard, F., additional, Dieterich, K., additional, Afenjar, A., additional, Burglen, L., additional, Moutard, M.-L., additional, Addor, M.-C., additional, Lebon, S., additional, Martinet, D., additional, Alessandri, J.-L., additional, Doray, B., additional, Miguet, M., additional, Devys, D., additional, Saugier-Veber, P., additional, Drunat, S., additional, Aral, B., additional, Kremer, V., additional, Rondeau, S., additional, Tabet, A.-C., additional, Thevenon, J., additional, Thauvin-Robinet, C., additional, Perreton, N., additional, Des Portes, V., additional, and Faivre, L., additional

Published
2017
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19. Rare Genomic Structural Variants in Complex Disease: Lessons from the Replication of Associations with Obesity

Author

Timpson, NJ, Walters, RG, Coin, LJM, Ruokonen, A, de Smith, AJ, Moustafa, JSE-S, Jacquemont, S, Elliott, P, Esko, T, Hartikainen, A-L, Laitinen, J, Maennik, K, Martinet, D, Meyre, D, Nauck, M, Schurmann, C, Sladek, R, Thorleifsson, G, Thorsteinsdottir, U, Valsesia, A, Waeber, G, Zufferey, F, Balkau, B, Pattou, F, Metspalu, A, Voelzke, H, Vollenweider, P, Stefansson, K, Jarvelin, M-R, Beckmann, JS, Froguel, P, Blakemore, AIF, Timpson, NJ, Walters, RG, Coin, LJM, Ruokonen, A, de Smith, AJ, Moustafa, JSE-S, Jacquemont, S, Elliott, P, Esko, T, Hartikainen, A-L, Laitinen, J, Maennik, K, Martinet, D, Meyre, D, Nauck, M, Schurmann, C, Sladek, R, Thorleifsson, G, Thorsteinsdottir, U, Valsesia, A, Waeber, G, Zufferey, F, Balkau, B, Pattou, F, Metspalu, A, Voelzke, H, Vollenweider, P, Stefansson, K, Jarvelin, M-R, Beckmann, JS, Froguel, P, and Blakemore, AIF

Abstract

The limited ability of common variants to account for the genetic contribution to complex disease has prompted searches for rare variants of large effect, to partly explain the 'missing heritability'. Analyses of genome-wide genotyping data have identified genomic structural variants (GSVs) as a source of such rare causal variants. Recent studies have reported multiple GSV loci associated with risk of obesity. We attempted to replicate these associations by similar analysis of two familial-obesity case-control cohorts and a population cohort, and detected GSVs at 11 out of 18 loci, at frequencies similar to those previously reported. Based on their reported frequencies and effect sizes (OR≥25), we had sufficient statistical power to detect the large majority (80%) of genuine associations at these loci. However, only one obesity association was replicated. Deletion of a 220 kb region on chromosome 16p11.2 has a carrier population frequency of 2×10(-4) (95% confidence interval [9.6×10(-5)-3.1×10(-4)]); accounts overall for 0.5% [0.19%-0.82%] of severe childhood obesity cases (P = 3.8×10(-10); odds ratio = 25.0 [9.9-60.6]); and results in a mean body mass index (BMI) increase of 5.8 kg.m(-2) [1.8-10.3] in adults from the general population. We also attempted replication using BMI as a quantitative trait in our population cohort; associations with BMI at or near nominal significance were detected at two further loci near KIF2B and within FOXP2, but these did not survive correction for multiple testing. These findings emphasise several issues of importance when conducting rare GSV association, including the need for careful cohort selection and replication strategy, accurate GSV identification, and appropriate correction for multiple testing and/or control of false discovery rate. Moreover, they highlight the potential difficulty in replicating rare CNV associations across different populations. Nevertheless, we show that such studies are potentially valuable for the ide

Published
2013

20. Presence of an oligodendroglioma-like component in newly diagnosed glioblastoma identifies a pathogenetically heterogeneous subgroup and lacks prognostic value: central pathology review of the EORTC_26981/NCIC_CE.3 trial.

Author

Hegi, M.E., Janzer, R.C., Lambiv, W.L., Gorlia, T., Kouwenhoven, M.C., Hartmann, C., Deimling, A. Von, Martinet, D., Besuchet Schmutz, N., Diserens, A.C., Hamou, M.F., Bady, P., Weller, M., Bent, M.J. van den, Mason, W.P., Mirimanoff, R.O., Stupp, R., Mokhtari, K., Wesseling, P., Hegi, M.E., Janzer, R.C., Lambiv, W.L., Gorlia, T., Kouwenhoven, M.C., Hartmann, C., Deimling, A. Von, Martinet, D., Besuchet Schmutz, N., Diserens, A.C., Hamou, M.F., Bady, P., Weller, M., Bent, M.J. van den, Mason, W.P., Mirimanoff, R.O., Stupp, R., Mokhtari, K., and Wesseling, P.

Abstract

1 juni 2012, Item does not contain fulltext, Glioblastoma (GBM) is a morphologically heterogeneous tumor type with a median survival of only 15 months in clinical trial populations. However, survival varies greatly among patients. As part of a central pathology review, we addressed the question if patients with GBM displaying distinct morphologic features respond differently to combined chemo-radiotherapy with temozolomide. Morphologic features were systematically recorded for 360 cases with particular focus on the presence of an oligodendroglioma-like component and respective correlations with outcome and relevant molecular markers. GBM with an oligodendroglioma-like component (GBM-O) represented 15% of all confirmed GBM (52/339) and was not associated with a more favorable outcome. GBM-O encompassed a pathogenetically heterogeneous group, significantly enriched for IDH1 mutations (19 vs. 3%, p = 0.003) and EGFR amplifications (71 vs. 48%, p = 0.04) compared with other GBM, while co-deletion of 1p/19q was found in only one case and the MGMT methylation frequency was alike (47 vs. 46%). Expression profiles classified most of the GBM-O into two subtypes, 36% (5/14 evaluable) as proneural and 43% as classical GBM. The detection of pseudo-palisading necrosis (PPN) was associated with benefit from chemotherapy (p = 0.0002), while no such effect was present in the absence of PPN (p = 0.86). In the adjusted interaction model including clinical prognostic factors and MGMT status, PPN was borderline nonsignificant (p = 0.063). Taken together, recognition of an oligodendroglioma-like component in an otherwise classic GBM identifies a pathogenetically mixed group without prognostic significance. However, the presence of PPN may indicate biological features of clinical relevance for further improvement of therapy.

Published
2012

21. A 600 kb deletion syndrome at 16p11.2 leads to energy imbalance and neuropsychiatric disorders

Author

Zufferey, F, Sherr, EH, Beckmann, ND, Hanson, E, Maillard, AM, Hippolyte, L, Mace, A, Ferrari, C, Kutalik, Z, Andrieux, J, Aylward, E, Barker, M, Bernier, R, Bouquillon, S, Conus, P, Delobel, B, Faucett, W, Goin-Kochel, RP, Grant, E, Harewood, L, Hunter, JV, Lebon, S, Ledbetter, DH, Martin, CL, Maennik, K, Martinet, D, Mukherjee, P, Ramocki, MB, Spence, SJ, Steinman, KJ, Tjernagel, J, Spiro, JE, Reymond, A, Beckmann, JS, Chung, WK, Jacquemont, S, Zufferey, F, Sherr, EH, Beckmann, ND, Hanson, E, Maillard, AM, Hippolyte, L, Mace, A, Ferrari, C, Kutalik, Z, Andrieux, J, Aylward, E, Barker, M, Bernier, R, Bouquillon, S, Conus, P, Delobel, B, Faucett, W, Goin-Kochel, RP, Grant, E, Harewood, L, Hunter, JV, Lebon, S, Ledbetter, DH, Martin, CL, Maennik, K, Martinet, D, Mukherjee, P, Ramocki, MB, Spence, SJ, Steinman, KJ, Tjernagel, J, Spiro, JE, Reymond, A, Beckmann, JS, Chung, WK, and Jacquemont, S

Abstract

BACKGROUND: The recurrent ~600 kb 16p11.2 BP4-BP5 deletion is among the most frequent known genetic aetiologies of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and related neurodevelopmental disorders. OBJECTIVE: To define the medical, neuropsychological, and behavioural phenotypes in carriers of this deletion. METHODS: We collected clinical data on 285 deletion carriers and performed detailed evaluations on 72 carriers and 68 intrafamilial non-carrier controls. RESULTS: When compared to intrafamilial controls, full scale intelligence quotient (FSIQ) is two standard deviations lower in carriers, and there is no difference between carriers referred for neurodevelopmental disorders and carriers identified through cascade family testing. Verbal IQ (mean 74) is lower than non-verbal IQ (mean 83) and a majority of carriers require speech therapy. Over 80% of individuals exhibit psychiatric disorders including ASD, which is present in 15% of the paediatric carriers. Increase in head circumference (HC) during infancy is similar to the HC and brain growth patterns observed in idiopathic ASD. Obesity, a major comorbidity present in 50% of the carriers by the age of 7 years, does not correlate with FSIQ or any behavioural trait. Seizures are present in 24% of carriers and occur independently of other symptoms. Malformations are infrequently found, confirming only a few of the previously reported associations. CONCLUSIONS: The 16p11.2 deletion impacts in a quantitative and independent manner FSIQ, behaviour and body mass index, possibly through direct influences on neural circuitry. Although non-specific, these features are clinically significant and reproducible. Lastly, this study demonstrates the necessity of studying large patient cohorts ascertained through multiple methods to characterise the clinical consequences of rare variants involved in common diseases.

Published
2012

22. Presence of an oligodendroglioma-like component in newly diagnosed glioblastoma identifies a pathogenetically heterogeneous subgroup and lacks prognostic value: central pathology review of the EORTC_26981/NCIC_CE.3 trial

Author

Hegi, M E, Janzer, R C, Lambiv, W L, Gorlia, T, Kouwenhoven, M C M, Hartmann, C, von Deimling, A, Martinet, D, Besuchet Schmutz, N, Diserens, A C, Hamou, M F, Bady, P, Weller, M, van den Bent, M J, Mason, W P, Mirimanoff, R O, Stupp, R, Mokhtari, K, Wesseling, P, Hegi, M E, Janzer, R C, Lambiv, W L, Gorlia, T, Kouwenhoven, M C M, Hartmann, C, von Deimling, A, Martinet, D, Besuchet Schmutz, N, Diserens, A C, Hamou, M F, Bady, P, Weller, M, van den Bent, M J, Mason, W P, Mirimanoff, R O, Stupp, R, Mokhtari, K, and Wesseling, P

Abstract

Glioblastoma (GBM) is a morphologically heterogeneous tumor type with a median survival of only 15 months in clinical trial populations. However, survival varies greatly among patients. As part of a central pathology review, we addressed the question if patients with GBM displaying distinct morphologic features respond differently to combined chemo-radiotherapy with temozolomide. Morphologic features were systematically recorded for 360 cases with particular focus on the presence of an oligodendroglioma-like component and respective correlations with outcome and relevant molecular markers. GBM with an oligodendroglioma-like component (GBM-O) represented 15% of all confirmed GBM (52/339) and was not associated with a more favorable outcome. GBM-O encompassed a pathogenetically heterogeneous group, significantly enriched for IDH1 mutations (19 vs. 3%, p = 0.003) and EGFR amplifications (71 vs. 48%, p = 0.04) compared with other GBM, while co-deletion of 1p/19q was found in only one case and the MGMT methylation frequency was alike (47 vs. 46%). Expression profiles classified most of the GBM-O into two subtypes, 36% (5/14 evaluable) as proneural and 43% as classical GBM. The detection of pseudo-palisading necrosis (PPN) was associated with benefit from chemotherapy (p = 0.0002), while no such effect was present in the absence of PPN (p = 0.86). In the adjusted interaction model including clinical prognostic factors and MGMT status, PPN was borderline nonsignificant (p = 0.063). Taken together, recognition of an oligodendroglioma-like component in an otherwise classic GBM identifies a pathogenetically mixed group without prognostic significance. However, the presence of PPN may indicate biological features of clinical relevance for further improvement of therapy.

Published
2012

23. La réhabilitation des ouvrages du génie civil de l'eau et de l'environnement, guide méthodologique

Author

Lacroix, C., Boireau, Axel, Charoy, B., Coudray, M., Frimat, J.C., Germond, C., Jenny, A., Juge, J.L., Leca, G., Maquennehan, F., Martinet, D., Mathieu, G., Mauvais, F., Muteau, F., Pech, V., Toupenet, J.P., Valente, P., FREYSSINET FRANCE, Partenaires IRSTEA, Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA), COMPAGNIE GENERALE DES EAUX, DDE MEUSE, PINTO, BERTHOLD, SOTRAIB, QUILLE, SRS ISPO, RESINA, SAGEP, Ouvrages hydrauliques et équipements pour l'irrigation (UR OIAX), Centre national du machinisme agricole, du génie rural, des eaux et forêts (CEMAGREF), CGGREF PARIS, MAX PERLES ET COMPAGNIE, PERMATEX FRANCE, and DDAF SEINE ET MARNE

Subjects
[SDE]Environmental Sciences
Abstract

This methodological guide for the rehabilitation of the works of the civil engineering of water and the environment is intended to the building owners and to the managers of work of the civil engineering of water and the environment. The objective of this guide is to provide an assistance and consultings in the management of the inheritance of the civil engineering of water and the environment, from the inventory the rehabilitation of the works and their maintenance. This inheritance is indeed significant in a number and value; it also plays an economic and social role fundamental for the community.; Ce guide méthodologique pour la réhabilitation des ouvrages du génie civil de l'eau et de l'environnement est destiné aux maîtres d'ouvrage et aux gestionnaires d'ouvrages du génie civil de l'eau et de l'environnement. L'objectif de ce guide est de fournir une assistance et des conseils dans la gestion du patrimoine du génie civil de l'eau et de l'environnement, depuis l'inventaire jusqu'à la réhabilitation des ouvrages et leur entretien. Ce patrimoine est en effet important en nombre et en valeur; il joue également un rôle économique et social fondamental pour la collectivité.

Published
2000

24. The phenotype of recurrent 10q22q23 deletions and duplications

Author

Bon, B.W. van, Balciuniene, J., Fruhman, G., Nagamani, S.C., Broome, D.L., Cameron, E., Martinet, D., Roulet, E., Jacquemont, S., Beckmann, J.S., Irons, M., Potocki, L., Lee, B., Cheung, S.W., Patel, A., Bellini, M., Selicorni, A., Ciccone, R., Silengo, M., Vetro, A., Knoers, N.V.A.M., Leeuw, N. de, Pfundt, R., Wolf, B., Jira, P., Aradhya, S., Stankiewicz, P., Brunner, H.G., Zuffardi, O., Selleck, S.B., Lupski, J.R., Vries, L.B.A. de, Bon, B.W. van, Balciuniene, J., Fruhman, G., Nagamani, S.C., Broome, D.L., Cameron, E., Martinet, D., Roulet, E., Jacquemont, S., Beckmann, J.S., Irons, M., Potocki, L., Lee, B., Cheung, S.W., Patel, A., Bellini, M., Selicorni, A., Ciccone, R., Silengo, M., Vetro, A., Knoers, N.V.A.M., Leeuw, N. de, Pfundt, R., Wolf, B., Jira, P., Aradhya, S., Stankiewicz, P., Brunner, H.G., Zuffardi, O., Selleck, S.B., Lupski, J.R., and Vries, L.B.A. de

Abstract

Item does not contain fulltext, The genomic architecture of the 10q22q23 region is characterised by two low-copy repeats (LCRs3 and 4), and deletions in this region appear to be rare. We report the clinical and molecular characterisation of eight novel deletions and six duplications within the 10q22.3q23.3 region. Five deletions and three duplications occur between LCRs3 and 4, whereas three deletions and three duplications have unique breakpoints. Most of the individuals with the LCR3-4 deletion had developmental delay, mainly affecting speech. In addition, macrocephaly, mild facial dysmorphisms, cerebellar anomalies, cardiac defects and congenital breast aplasia were observed. For congenital breast aplasia, the NRG3 gene, known to be involved in early mammary gland development in mice, is a putative candidate gene. For cardiac defects, BMPR1A and GRID1 are putative candidate genes because of their association with cardiac structure and function. Duplications between LCRs3 and 4 are associated with variable phenotypic penetrance. Probands had speech and/or motor delays and dysmorphisms including a broad forehead, deep-set eyes, upslanting palpebral fissures, a smooth philtrum and a thin upper lip. In conclusion, duplications between LCRs3 and 4 on 10q22.3q23.2 may lead to a distinct facial appearance and delays in speech and motor development. However, the phenotypic spectrum is broad, and duplications have also been found in healthy family members of a proband. Reciprocal deletions lead to speech and language delay, mild facial dysmorphisms and, in some individuals, to cerebellar, breast developmental and cardiac defects.

Published
2011

25. Mirror extreme BMI phenotypes associated with gene dosage at the chromosome 16p11.2 locus

Author

Jacquemont, S., Reymond, A., Zufferey, F., Harewood, L., Walters, R.G., Kutalik, Z., Martinet, D., Shen, Y., Valsesia, A., Beckmann, N.D., Thorleifsson, G., Belfiore, M., Bouquillon, S., Campion, D., Leeuw, N. de, Vries, L.B.A. de, Esko, T., Fernandez, B.A., Fernandez-Aranda, F., Fernandez-Real, J.M., Gratacos, M., Guilmatre, A., Hoyer, J., Jarvelin, M.R., Kooy, R.F., Kurg, A., Caignec, C. Le, Mannik, K., Platt, O.S., Sanlaville, D., Haelst, M.M. van, Villatoro Gomez, S., Walha, F., Wu, B.L., Yu, Y., Aboura, A., Addor, M.C., Alembik, Y., Antonarakis, S.E., Arveiler, B., Barth, M., Bednarek, N., Bena, F., Bergmann, S., Beri, M., Bernardini, L., Blaumeiser, B., Bonneau, D., Bottani, A., Boute, O., Brunner, H.G., Cailley, D., Callier, P., Chiesa, J., Chrast, J., Coin, L., Coutton, C., Cuisset, J.M., Cuvellier, J.C., David, A., Freminville, B. de, Delobel, B., Delrue, M.A., Demeer, B., Descamps, D., Didelot, G., Dieterich, K., Disciglio, V., Doco-Fenzy, M., Drunat, S., Duban-Bedu, B., Dubourg, C., El-Sayed Moustafa, J.S., Elliott, P., Faas, B.H.W., Faivre, L., Faudet, A., Fellmann, F., Ferrarini, A., Fisher, R., Flori, E., Forer, L., Gaillard, D., Gerard, M., Gieger, C., Gimelli, S., Gimelli, G., Grabe, H.J., Guichet, A., Guillin, O., Hartikainen, A.L., Heron, D., Hippolyte, L., Holder, M., Homuth, G., Isidor, B., Jaillard, S., Jaros, Z., Jimenez-Murcia, S., Helas, G.J., et al., Jacquemont, S., Reymond, A., Zufferey, F., Harewood, L., Walters, R.G., Kutalik, Z., Martinet, D., Shen, Y., Valsesia, A., Beckmann, N.D., Thorleifsson, G., Belfiore, M., Bouquillon, S., Campion, D., Leeuw, N. de, Vries, L.B.A. de, Esko, T., Fernandez, B.A., Fernandez-Aranda, F., Fernandez-Real, J.M., Gratacos, M., Guilmatre, A., Hoyer, J., Jarvelin, M.R., Kooy, R.F., Kurg, A., Caignec, C. Le, Mannik, K., Platt, O.S., Sanlaville, D., Haelst, M.M. van, Villatoro Gomez, S., Walha, F., Wu, B.L., Yu, Y., Aboura, A., Addor, M.C., Alembik, Y., Antonarakis, S.E., Arveiler, B., Barth, M., Bednarek, N., Bena, F., Bergmann, S., Beri, M., Bernardini, L., Blaumeiser, B., Bonneau, D., Bottani, A., Boute, O., Brunner, H.G., Cailley, D., Callier, P., Chiesa, J., Chrast, J., Coin, L., Coutton, C., Cuisset, J.M., Cuvellier, J.C., David, A., Freminville, B. de, Delobel, B., Delrue, M.A., Demeer, B., Descamps, D., Didelot, G., Dieterich, K., Disciglio, V., Doco-Fenzy, M., Drunat, S., Duban-Bedu, B., Dubourg, C., El-Sayed Moustafa, J.S., Elliott, P., Faas, B.H.W., Faivre, L., Faudet, A., Fellmann, F., Ferrarini, A., Fisher, R., Flori, E., Forer, L., Gaillard, D., Gerard, M., Gieger, C., Gimelli, S., Gimelli, G., Grabe, H.J., Guichet, A., Guillin, O., Hartikainen, A.L., Heron, D., Hippolyte, L., Holder, M., Homuth, G., Isidor, B., Jaillard, S., Jaros, Z., Jimenez-Murcia, S., Helas, G.J., and et al.

Abstract

Contains fulltext : 96105.pdf (publisher's version ) (Closed access), Both obesity and being underweight have been associated with increased mortality. Underweight, defined as a body mass index (BMI)

Published
2011

26. Epigenetic modification of the FMR1 gene in fragile X syndrome is associated with differential response to the mGluR5 antagonist AFQ056

Author

Neri, Giovanni, Jacquemont, S, Curie, A, Des Portes, V, Torrioli, Mg, Berry Kravis, E, Hagerman, Rj, Ramos, Fj, Cornish, K, He, Y, Paulding, C, Chen, F, Hadjikhani, N, Martinet, D, Meyer, J, Beckmann, J, Delange, K, Brun, A, Bussy, G, Gasparini, F, Hilse, T, Floesser, A, Branson, J, Bilbe, G, Johns, D, Gomez Mancilla, B., Beckmann, Js, Neri, Giovanni, Jacquemont, S, Curie, A, Des Portes, V, Torrioli, Mg, Berry Kravis, E, Hagerman, Rj, Ramos, Fj, Cornish, K, He, Y, Paulding, C, Chen, F, Hadjikhani, N, Martinet, D, Meyer, J, Beckmann, J, Delange, K, Brun, A, Bussy, G, Gasparini, F, Hilse, T, Floesser, A, Branson, J, Bilbe, G, Johns, D, Gomez Mancilla, B., and Beckmann, Js

Abstract

Fragile X syndrome (FXS) is an X-linked condition associated with intellectual disability and behavioral problems. It is caused by expansion of a CGG repeat in the 5' untranslated region of the fragile X mental retardation 1 (FMR1) gene. This mutation is associated with hypermethylation at the FMR1 promoter and resultant transcriptional silencing. FMR1 silencing has many consequences, including up-regulation of metabotropic glutamate receptor 5 (mGluR5)-mediated signaling. mGluR5 receptor antagonists have shown promise in preclinical FXS models and in one small open-label study of FXS. We examined whether a receptor subtype-selective inhibitor of mGluR5, AFQ056, improves the behavioral symptoms of FXS in a randomized, double-blind, two-treatment, two-period, crossover study of 30 male FXS patients aged 18 to 35 years. We detected no significant effects of treatment on the primary outcome measure, the Aberrant Behavior Checklist-Community Edition (ABC-C) score, at day 19 or 20 of treatment. In an exploratory analysis, however, seven patients with full FMR1 promoter methylation and no detectable FMR1 messenger RNA improved, as measured with the ABC-C, significantly more after AFQ056 treatment than with placebo (P < 0.001). We detected no response in 18 patients with partial promoter methylation. Twenty-four patients experienced an adverse event, which was mostly mild to moderately severe fatigue or headache. If confirmed in larger and longer-term studies, these results suggest that blockade of the mGluR5 receptor in patients with full methylation at the FMR1 promoter may show improvement in the behavioral attributes of FXS.

Published
2011

27. A new highly penetrant form of obesity due to deletions on chromosome 16p11.2

Author

Walters, RG, Jacquemont, S, Valsesia, A, de Smith, AJ, Martinet, D, Andersson, J, Falchi, M, Chen, F, Andrieux, J, Lobbens, S, Delobel, B, Stutzmann, F, Moustafa, JSE-S, Chevre, J-C, Lecoeur, C, Vatin, V, Bouquillon, S, Buxton, JL, Boute, O, Holder-Espinasse, M, Cuisset, J-M, Lemaitre, M-P, Ambresin, A-E, Brioschi, A, Gaillard, M, Giusti, V, Fellmann, F, Ferrarini, A, Hadjikhani, N, Campion, D, Guilmatre, A, Goldenberg, A, Calmels, N, Mandel, J-L, Le Caignec, C, David, A, Isidor, B, Cordier, M-P, Dupuis-Girod, S, Labalme, A, Sanlaville, D, Beri-Dexheimer, M, Jonveaux, P, Leheup, B, Ounap, K, Bochukova, EG, Henning, E, Keogh, J, Ellis, RJ, MacDermot, KD, van Haelst, MM, Vincent-Delorme, C, Plessis, G, Touraine, R, Philippe, A, Malan, V, Mathieu-Dramard, M, Chiesa, J, Blaumeiser, B, Kooy, RF, Caiazzo, R, Pigeyre, M, Balkau, B, Sladek, R, Bergmann, S, Mooser, V, Waterworth, D, Reymond, A, Vollenweider, P, Waeber, G, Kurg, A, Palta, P, Esko, T, Metspalu, A, Nelis, M, Elliott, P, Hartikainen, A-L, McCarthy, MI, Peltonen, L, Carlsson, L, Jacobson, P, Sjostrom, L, Huang, N, Hurles, ME, O'Rahilly, S, Farooqi, IS, Maennik, K, Jarvelin, M-R, Pattou, F, Meyre, D, Walley, AJ, Coin, LJM, Blakemore, AIF, Froguel, P, Beckmann, JS, Walters, RG, Jacquemont, S, Valsesia, A, de Smith, AJ, Martinet, D, Andersson, J, Falchi, M, Chen, F, Andrieux, J, Lobbens, S, Delobel, B, Stutzmann, F, Moustafa, JSE-S, Chevre, J-C, Lecoeur, C, Vatin, V, Bouquillon, S, Buxton, JL, Boute, O, Holder-Espinasse, M, Cuisset, J-M, Lemaitre, M-P, Ambresin, A-E, Brioschi, A, Gaillard, M, Giusti, V, Fellmann, F, Ferrarini, A, Hadjikhani, N, Campion, D, Guilmatre, A, Goldenberg, A, Calmels, N, Mandel, J-L, Le Caignec, C, David, A, Isidor, B, Cordier, M-P, Dupuis-Girod, S, Labalme, A, Sanlaville, D, Beri-Dexheimer, M, Jonveaux, P, Leheup, B, Ounap, K, Bochukova, EG, Henning, E, Keogh, J, Ellis, RJ, MacDermot, KD, van Haelst, MM, Vincent-Delorme, C, Plessis, G, Touraine, R, Philippe, A, Malan, V, Mathieu-Dramard, M, Chiesa, J, Blaumeiser, B, Kooy, RF, Caiazzo, R, Pigeyre, M, Balkau, B, Sladek, R, Bergmann, S, Mooser, V, Waterworth, D, Reymond, A, Vollenweider, P, Waeber, G, Kurg, A, Palta, P, Esko, T, Metspalu, A, Nelis, M, Elliott, P, Hartikainen, A-L, McCarthy, MI, Peltonen, L, Carlsson, L, Jacobson, P, Sjostrom, L, Huang, N, Hurles, ME, O'Rahilly, S, Farooqi, IS, Maennik, K, Jarvelin, M-R, Pattou, F, Meyre, D, Walley, AJ, Coin, LJM, Blakemore, AIF, Froguel, P, and Beckmann, JS

Abstract

Obesity has become a major worldwide challenge to public health, owing to an interaction between the Western 'obesogenic' environment and a strong genetic contribution. Recent extensive genome-wide association studies (GWASs) have identified numerous single nucleotide polymorphisms associated with obesity, but these loci together account for only a small fraction of the known heritable component. Thus, the 'common disease, common variant' hypothesis is increasingly coming under challenge. Here we report a highly penetrant form of obesity, initially observed in 31 subjects who were heterozygous for deletions of at least 593 kilobases at 16p11.2 and whose ascertainment included cognitive deficits. Nineteen similar deletions were identified from GWAS data in 16,053 individuals from eight European cohorts. These deletions were absent from healthy non-obese controls and accounted for 0.7% of our morbid obesity cases (body mass index (BMI) >or= 40 kg m(-2) or BMI standard deviation score >or= 4; P = 6.4 x 10(-8), odds ratio 43.0), demonstrating the potential importance in common disease of rare variants with strong effects. This highlights a promising strategy for identifying missing heritability in obesity and other complex traits: cohorts with extreme phenotypes are likely to be enriched for rare variants, thereby improving power for their discovery. Subsequent analysis of the loci so identified may well reveal additional rare variants that further contribute to the missing heritability, as recently reported for SIM1 (ref. 3). The most productive approach may therefore be to combine the 'power of the extreme' in small, well-phenotyped cohorts, with targeted follow-up in case-control and population cohorts.

Published
2010

28. Fourteen new cases contribute to the characterization of the 7q11.23 microduplication syndrome.

Author

Aa, N. van der, Rooms, L., Vandeweyer, G., Ende, J.J. van den, Reyniers, E., Fichera, M., Romano, C, Chiaie, B. Delle, Mortier, G., Menten, B., Destree, A., Maystadt, I., Mannik, K., Kurg, A., Reimand, T., McMullan, D., Oley, C., Brueton, L., Bongers, E.M.H.F., Bon, B.W.M. van, Pfundt, R.P., Jacquemont, S., Ferrarini, A., Martinet, D., Schrander-Stumpel, C.T.R.M., Stegmann, A.P., Frints, S.G., Vries, L.B.A. de, Ceulemans, B., Kooy, R.F., Aa, N. van der, Rooms, L., Vandeweyer, G., Ende, J.J. van den, Reyniers, E., Fichera, M., Romano, C, Chiaie, B. Delle, Mortier, G., Menten, B., Destree, A., Maystadt, I., Mannik, K., Kurg, A., Reimand, T., McMullan, D., Oley, C., Brueton, L., Bongers, E.M.H.F., Bon, B.W.M. van, Pfundt, R.P., Jacquemont, S., Ferrarini, A., Martinet, D., Schrander-Stumpel, C.T.R.M., Stegmann, A.P., Frints, S.G., Vries, L.B.A. de, Ceulemans, B., and Kooy, R.F.

Abstract

Contains fulltext : 80644.pdf (publisher's version ) (Closed access), Interstitial deletions of 7q11.23 cause Williams-Beuren syndrome, one of the best characterized microdeletion syndromes. The clinical phenotype associated with the reciprocal duplication however is not well defined, though speech delay is often mentioned. We present 14 new 7q11.23 patients with the reciprocal duplication of the Williams-Beuren syndrome critical region, nine familial and five de novo. These were identified by either array-based MLPA or by array-CGH/oligonucleotide analysis in a series of patients with idiopathic mental retardation with an estimated population frequency of 1:13,000-1:20,000. Variable speech delay is a constant finding in our patient group, confirming previous reports. Cognitive abilities range from normal to moderate mental retardation. The association with autism is present in five patients and in one father who also carries the duplication. There is an increased incidence of hypotonia and congenital anomalies: heart defects (PDA), diaphragmatic hernia, cryptorchidism and non-specific brain abnormalities on MRI. Specific dysmorphic features were noted in our patients, including a short philtrum, thin lips and straight eyebrows. Our patient collection demonstrates that the 7q11.23 microduplication not only causes language delay, but is also associated with congenital anomalies and a recognizable face.

Published
2009

29. Molecular characterization of 39 de novo sSMC : contribution to prognosis and genetic counselling, a prospective study

Author

Marle, N., primary, Martinet, D., additional, Aboura, A., additional, Joly‐Helas, G., additional, Andrieux, J., additional, Flori, E., additional, Puechberty, J., additional, Vialard, F., additional, Sanlaville, D., additional, Fert Ferrer, S., additional, Bourrouillou, G., additional, Tabet, A.C., additional, Quilichini, B., additional, Simon‐Bouy, B., additional, Bazin, A., additional, Becker, M., additional, Stora, H., additional, Amblard, S., additional, Doco‐Fenzy, M., additional, Molina Gomes, D., additional, Girard‐Lemaire, F., additional, Cordier, M.P., additional, Satre, V., additional, Schneider, A., additional, Lemeur, N., additional, Chambon, P., additional, Jacquemont, S., additional, Fellmann, F., additional, Vigouroux‐Castera, A., additional, Molignier, R., additional, Delaye, A., additional, Pipiras, E., additional, Liquier, A., additional, Rousseau, T., additional, Mosca, A.L., additional, Kremer, V., additional, Payet, M., additional, Rangon, C., additional, Mugneret, F., additional, Aho, S., additional, Faivre, L., additional, and Callier, P., additional

Published
2013
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31. Genomic acute myeloid leukemia-associated inv(16)(p13q22) breakpoints are tightly clustered.

Author

Reijden, B.A. van der, Dauwerse, H.G., Giles, R.H., Jagmohan-Changur, S, Wijmenga, C., Liu, P.P., Smit, B., Wessels, H.W., Beverstock, G.C., Jotterand-Bellomo, M., Martinet, D., Muhlematter, D., Lafage-Pochitaloff, M., Gabert, J., Reiffers, J., Bilhou-Nabera, C, Ommen, G.J.B. van, Hagemeijer, A., Breuning, M.H., Reijden, B.A. van der, Dauwerse, H.G., Giles, R.H., Jagmohan-Changur, S, Wijmenga, C., Liu, P.P., Smit, B., Wessels, H.W., Beverstock, G.C., Jotterand-Bellomo, M., Martinet, D., Muhlematter, D., Lafage-Pochitaloff, M., Gabert, J., Reiffers, J., Bilhou-Nabera, C, Ommen, G.J.B. van, Hagemeijer, A., and Breuning, M.H.

Abstract

Item does not contain fulltext, The inv(16) and related t(16;16) are found in 10% of all cases with de novo acute myeloid leukemia. In these rearrangements the core binding factor beta (CBFB) gene on 16q22 is fused to the smooth muscle myosin heavy chain gene (MYH11) on 16p13. To gain insight into the mechanisms causing the inv(16) we have analysed 24 genomic CBFB-MYH11 breakpoints. All breakpoints in CBFB are located in a 15-Kb intron. More than 50% of the sequenced 6.2 Kb of this intron consists of human repetitive elements. Twenty-one of the 24 breakpoints in MYH11 are located in a 370-bp intron. The remaining three breakpoints in MYH11 are located more upstream. The localization of three breakpoints adjacent to a V(D)J recombinase signal sequence in MYH11 suggests a V(D)J recombinase-mediated rearrangement in these cases. V(D)J recombinase-associated characteristics (small nucleotide deletions and insertions of random nucleotides) were detected in six other cases. CBFB and MYH11 duplications were detected in four of six cases tested.

Published
1999

35. Stability and Cytogenetic Characterization of Recombinant CHO Cell Lines Established by Microinjection and Calcium Phosphate Transfection.

Author

Smith, Rodney, Derouazi, M., Martinet, D., Besuchet, N., Flaction, R., Wicht, M., Bertschinger, M., Hacker, D., Beckmann, J., and Wurm, F.M.

Abstract

Chinese hamster ovary cells (CHO) are widely used for the stable production of recombinant proteins. Typically, recombinant cell lines are characterized for the stability of protein expression over a period corresponding to the time needed to scale-up the culture and harvest the product (e.g. 2 to 3 months), for the number of plasmid copies integrated into the host genome, and for the quality and quantity of the recombinant protein. In this study we extended the characterization to the cytogenetic level. Sixteen recombinant CHO cell lines were established using calcium phosphate transfection and microinjection as DNA transfer methods. For each cell line we observed by fluorescence in situ hybridization a single integration site regardless of the gene delivery method, the topology of the DNA (circular or linear), or the integrated plasmid copy number (between 1 and 50). Integration was not targeted to a specific chromosome. Chromosomal rearrangements were observed in about half of these cell lines. This phenomenon occurred independently of the gene transfer method. Interestingly the rearrangements were not on the chromosome where the plasmid integrated. We observed rearrangements between chromosomes and chromosomal imbalances. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2007
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36. Karyotype of CHO DG44 cells.

Author

Smith, Rodney, Martinet, D., Derouazi, M., Besuchet, N., Wicht, M., Beckmann, J., and Wurm, F.M.

Abstract

The CHO cell line was mutagenized with radiation and by chemical treatment, and a CHO DG44 mutant carrying a double deletion for the dihydrofolate reductase gene located on chromosome 2 was isolated and characterized. Among the different sublines, CHO DG44 cells are widely used for the stable production recombinant proteins since they exhibit the DHFR-selection and amplification system. To our knowledge, the karyotype of CHO-DG44 cells has not been studied. After analysis of more than 100 metaphases, we consistently found 20 chromosomes whereas the normal diploid Chinese hamster genome was characterized with 22 chromosomes. The quasi-diploid CHO DG44 cells were found to have a karyotype altered from the original Chinese hamster. Only seven of the chromosomes were normal including the two chromosomes 1, one chromosome 2, 4, 5, 8 and 9. The four chromosomes Z1, Z4, Z8 and Z13 were identified as described by Deaven and Peterson (Deaven and Petersen 1973). The remaining chromosomes were 7 derivative chromosomes (rearrangement within a single chromosome or involving two or more chromosomes) and 2 marker chromosomes (structurally abnormal chromosome in which no part can be identified). We believe that insights from these studies can be of value for a genetic characterization of CHO DG44 cells expressing a recombinant protein as well as for work on targeted or homologous integration into the genome. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2007
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40. Système d'information sur le marché des céréales du Burkina Faso

Author

Martinet, D.

Subjects
Enquête, E70 - Commerce, commercialisation et distribution, Marché, céréale, Indicateur économique, Traitement de l'information, Commercialisation, Politique agricole, Service d'information
Abstract

Dans le contexte de ressources limitées des pays sahéliens, comment optimiser les efforts pour produire de meilleures informations afin d'élaborer de meilleures politiques alimentaires? C'est une réponse à cette question que propose le système d'information sur le marché céréalier mis en place au Burkina Faso dans le cadre du projet "Diagnostic Permanent" du CILSS. L'originalité de l'opération réside dans la mise en commun de ces efforts afin de construire un système intégré d'informations adapté aux besoins des planificateurs et décideurs. La démarche retenue par le groupe de travail mis sur pied dans ce but a été de partir d'une approche macro-économique du marché céréalier, visant à définir des domaines d'investigation en fonction des questions que se posent les responsables de la politique céréalière, pour retenir des opérations de recherche d'informations et en élaborer la méthodologie de mise en oeuvre, en fonction des moyens humains et matériels disponibles. La phase de mise en oeuvre du système d'information a démarré en août 1986 et se poursuit actuellement. Une présentation de l'opération et un état d'avancement des travaux est proposé dans ce document

Published
1988

42. Mirror extreme BMI phenotypes associated with gene dosage at the chromosome 16p11.2 locus

Author

Stephen W. Scherer, Mònica Gratacòs, Kari Stefansson, Muriel Holder, Unnur Thorsteinsdottir, Lukas Forer, Katharina M. Roetzer, Josette Lucas, Claudia Schurmann, Satu Kaksonen, Armand Valsesia, Carina Wallgren-Pettersson, Barbara Leube, Alexandra I. F. Blakemore, Alexandre Moerman, Marco Belfiore, Anne Faudet, Dominique Gaillard, Roberto Ravazzolo, Dominique Bonneau, Marjo-Riitta Järvelin, Yongguo Yu, Louis Vallée, Bénédicte Demeer, Sophie Visvikis-Siest, Frédérique Béna, Brigitte H. W. Faas, Benoit Arveiler, Georg Homuth, Charles Coutton, Bénédicte de Fréminville, Giorgio Gimelli, Xavier Estivill, Richard I. Fisher, Stefania Gimelli, Wendy Roberts, Jacques S. Beckmann, Emilie Landais, Orah S. Platt, Robin G. Walters, Gudmar Thorleifsson, Alexandre Reymond, Anna-Liisa Hartikainen, Solenn Legallic, James F. Gusella, Peter Vollenweider, Gian Paolo Ramelli, Tõnu Esko, Boris Keren, Nine V A M Knoers, Fanny Morice-Picard, Dominique Campion, Odile Boute, Evica Rajcan-Separovic, Rolph Pfundt, Nathalie Bednarek, Martine Doco-Fenzy, Suzanne M E Lewis, Gérard Didelot, Mylène Beri, Engilbert Sigurdsson, Véronique Satre, Audrey Labalme, Carola Tengstrom, Florian Kronenberg, Florence Petit, Simon Zwolinksi, Philippe Froguel, Paul Elliott, Dorothée Cailley, Christian R. Marshall, Bruno Leheup, Klaus Dieterich, Janina S. Ried, Sylvie Jaillard, Armand Bottani, Stylianos E. Antonarakis, Elisabetta Lapi, Jean-Christophe Cuvellier, Robert M. Witwicki, Gérard Waeber, Christèle Dubourg, Marion Gérard, Lachlan J. M. Coin, Magalie Barth, Anita Kloss-Brandstätter, Vincent Mooser, Cristóbal Richart, Giuseppe Merla, Bénédicte Duban-Bedu, Yiping Shen, Ants Kurg, Audrey Guilmatre, Juliane Hoyer, Susana Jiménez-Murcia, Mafalda Mucciolo, Bai-Lin Wu, Alessandra Ferrarini, Séverine Drunat, Yves Alembik, Páll Magnússon, Han G. Brunner, Maria Antonietta Mencarelli, Dominique Descamps, R. Frank Kooy, Azzedine Aboura, Valérie Layet, Sven Bergmann, Thomas Meitinger, Peter M. Kroisel, Nathalie Van der Aa, Olivier Guillin, Michèle Mathieu-Dramard, Zoltán Kutalik, Elisabeth Flori, Laurent Pasquier, André Reis, Noam D. Beckmann, Bertrand Isidor, Delphine Héron, Philippe Jonveaux, Sergi Villatoro Gomez, Ann Nordgren, José Manuel Fernández-Real, Florence Fellmann, Fernando Fernández-Aranda, Laurence Faivre, Dimitri J. Stavropoulos, Katrin Männik, Christian Gieger, Evald Saemundsen, Agnès Guichet, Jean-Marie Cuisset, R. Touraine, Laura Bernardini, Marie-Ange Delrue, Alessandra Renieri, Omar Gustafsson, Flore Zufferey, David A. Koolen, Massimiliano Rossi, Jacqueline Chrast, Ghislaine Plessis, Faida Walha, Joris Andrieux, Ellen van Binsbergen, Albert David, Catherine Vincent-Delorme, Cédric Le Caignec, Jean Chiesa, Ndeye Coumba Ndiaye, Geraldine Joly Helas, Damien Sanlaville, Anita Rauch, Louise Harewood, Mark I. McCarthy, Bridget A. Fernandez, Sébastien Jacquemont, Hreinn Stefansson, Anneke T. Vulto-van Silfhout, Zdenek Jaros, Matthias Nauck, Hans J. Grabe, Sonia Bouquillon, Mieke M. van Haelst, Andres Metspalu, Loyse Hippolyte, Patrick Callier, Bert B.A. de Vries, Francisco J. Tinahones, Nicole de Leeuw, Julia S. El-Sayed Moustafa, Claudine Rieubland, Kay D. MacDermot, Vittoria Disciglio, Henry Völzke, Caroline Rooryck, Bettina Blaumeiser, Danielle Martinet, Marie-Claude Addor, Bruno Delobel, Jacquemont, S, Reymond, A, Zufferey, F, Harewood, L, Walters, Rg, Kutalik, Z, Martinet, D, Shen, Y, Valsesia, A, Beckmann, Nd, Thorleifsson, G, Belfiore, M, Bouquillon, S, Campion, D, de Leeuw, N, de Vries, Bb, Esko, T, Fernandez, Ba, Fernández-Aranda, F, Fernández-Real, Jm, Gratacòs, M, Guilmatre, A, Hoyer, J, Jarvelin, Mr, Kooy, Rf, Kurg, A, Le Caignec, C, Männik, K, Platt, O, Sanlaville, D, Van Haelst, Mm, Villatoro Gomez, S, Walha, F, Wu, Bl, Yu, Y, Aboura, A, Addor, Mc, Alembik, Y, Antonarakis, Se, Arveiler, B, Barth, M, Bednarek, N, Béna, F, Bergmann, S, Beri, M, Bernardini, L, Blaumeiser, B, Bonneau, D, Bottani, A, Boute, O, Brunner, Hg, Cailley, D, Callier, P, Chiesa, J, Chrast, J, Coin, L, Coutton, C, Cuisset, Jm, Cuvellier, Jc, David, A, de Freminville, B, Delobel, B, Delrue, Ma, Demeer, B, Descamps, D, Didelot, G, Dieterich, K, Disciglio, V, Doco-Fenzy, M, Drunat, S, Duban-Bedu, B, Dubourg, C, El-Sayed Moustafa, J, Elliott, P, Faas, Bh, Faivre, L, Faudet, A, Fellmann, F, Ferrarini, A, Fisher, R, Flori, E, Forer, L, Gaillard, D, Gerard, M, Gieger, C, Gimelli, S, Gimelli, G, Grabe, Hj, Guichet, A, Guillin, O, Hartikainen, Al, Heron, D, Hippolyte, L, Holder, M, Homuth, G, Isidor, B, Jaillard, S, Jaros, Z, Jiménez-Murcia, S, Helas, Gj, Jonveaux, P, Kaksonen, S, Keren, B, Kloss-Brandstätter, A, Knoers, Nv, Koolen, Da, Kroisel, Pm, Kronenberg, F, Labalme, A, Landais, E, Lapi, E, Layet, V, Legallic, S, Leheup, B, Leube, B, Lewis, S, Lucas, J, Macdermot, Kd, Magnusson, P, Marshall, C, Mathieu-Dramard, M, Mccarthy, Mi, Meitinger, T, Mencarelli, Ma, Merla, G, Moerman, A, Mooser, V, Morice-Picard, F, Mucciolo, M, Nauck, M, Ndiaye, Nc, Nordgren, A, Pasquier, L, Petit, F, Pfundt, R, Plessis, G, Rajcan-Separovic, E, Ramelli, Gp, Rauch, A, Ravazzolo, R, Reis, A, Renieri, A, Richart, C, Ried, J, Rieubland, C, Roberts, W, Roetzer, Km, Rooryck, C, Rossi, M, Saemundsen, E, Satre, V, Schurmann, C, Sigurdsson, E, Stavropoulos, Dj, Stefansson, H, Tengström, C, Thorsteinsdóttir, U, Tinahones, Fj, Touraine, R, Vallée, L, van Binsbergen, E, Van der Aa, N, Vincent-Delorme, C, Visvikis-Siest, S, Vollenweider, P, Völzke, H, Vulto-van Silfhout, At, Waeber, G, Wallgren-Pettersson, C, Witwicki, Rm, Zwolinksi, S, Andrieux, J, Estivill, X, Gusella, Jf, Gustafsson, O, Metspalu, A, Scherer, Sw, Stefansson, K, Blakemore, Ai, Beckmann, J, Froguel, P, Faculteit Medische Wetenschappen/UMCG, Service de génétique médicale, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois [Lausanne] (CHUV), Center for Integrative Genomics - Institute of Bioinformatics, Génopode (CIG), Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics [Lausanne] (SIB), Université de Lausanne = University of Lausanne (UNIL)-Université de Lausanne = University of Lausanne (UNIL), Department of Genomics of Common Disease, Imperial College London, Department of Medical Genetics, Université de Lausanne = University of Lausanne (UNIL), Laboratory Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Center for Human Genetic Research, Massachusetts General Hospital [Boston], Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, deCODE Genetics, deCODE genetics [Reykjavik], Laboratoire de Génétique Médicale, Hôpital Jeanne de Flandre [Lille]-Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Lille] (CHRU Lille), Génétique médicale et fonctionnelle du cancer et des maladies neuropsychiatriques, Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Estonian Genome and Medicine, University of Tartu, Department of human genetics, Radboud University Medical Center [Nijmegen]-Nijmegen Centre for Molecular Life Sciences-Institute for Genetic and Metabolic Disorders, Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, Disciplines of Genetics and Medicine, Memorial University of Newfoundland = Université Memorial de Terre-Neuve [St. John's, Canada] (MUN), Department of Psychiatry (IDIBELL), CIBERobn Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición-University Hospital of Bellvitge, Section of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Nutrition, University Hospital of Girona-Biomedical Research Institute 'Dr Josep Trueta'-CIBERobn Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición, Center for Genomic Regulation (CRG-UPF), CIBER de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Institute of Human Genetics [Erlangen, Allemagne], Friedrich-Alexander Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Department of child and adolescent health, University of Oulu-Institute of Health Sciences and Biocenter Oulu-National Institute for Health and Welfare [Helsinki], Antwerp University Hospital [Edegem] (UZA), CHU Trousseau [APHP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU), Service de cytogénétique constitutionnelle, Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL)-CHU de Lyon-Centre Neuroscience et Recherche, University Medical Center [Utrecht], Institutes of Biomedical Science, Fudan University [Shanghai]-Children's Hospital, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, Département de génétique, Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Hôpital Robert Debré-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7), Service de cytogénétique, CHU Strasbourg-Hôpital de Hautepierre [Strasbourg], Génétique médicale, Hôpitaux Universitaires de Genève (HUG), Maladies Rares - Génétique et Métabolisme (MRGM), Université Bordeaux Segalen - Bordeaux 2-Hôpital Pellegrin-Service de Génétique Médicale du CHU de Bordeaux, Université de Bordeaux (UB)-CHU Bordeaux [Bordeaux]-Groupe hospitalier Pellegrin, Service de génétique [Angers], Université d'Angers (UA)-Centre Hospitalier Universitaire d'Angers (CHU Angers), PRES Université Nantes Angers Le Mans (UNAM)-PRES Université Nantes Angers Le Mans (UNAM), Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne (URCA), Department of Molecular Genetics, Weizmann Institute of Science [Rehovot, Israël], Service de Génétique [CHRU Nancy], Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Nancy (CHRU Nancy), Mendel Laboratory, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico, Ospedale Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza [San Giovanni Rotondo] (IRCCS), Service de Génétique clinique, Laboratoire de cytogénétique (CHU de Dijon), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Dijon - Hôpital François Mitterrand (CHU Dijon), Laboratoire de Cytogénétique, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Nîmes (CHU Nîmes), Département de génétique et procréation, Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-CHU Grenoble-faculté de médecine-pharmacie, AGeing and IMagery (AGIM), Université Pierre Mendès France - Grenoble 2 (UPMF)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de biochimie et génétique moléculaire, CHU Grenoble, Service de Neuropédiatrie, Hôpital Roger Salengro [Lille]-Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Lille] (CHRU Lille), Service de génétique, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Saint-Etienne [CHU Saint-Etienne] (CHU ST-E), Centre de Génétique Chromosomique, Hôpital Saint Vincent de Paul-Groupement des Hôpitaux de l'Institut Catholique de Lille (GHICL), Université catholique de Lille (UCL)-Université catholique de Lille (UCL), CHU Amiens-Picardie, Centre Hospitalier de Béthune (CH Béthune), GHT de l'Artois, Service de Génétique Clinique, Department of Biotechnology, Università degli Studi di Siena = University of Siena (UNISI)-Medical Genetics, Service de Génétique, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Reims (CHU Reims)-Hôpital Maison Blanche-IFR 53, Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne (URCA)-Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne (URCA), Institut de Génétique et Développement de Rennes (IGDR), Université de Rennes (UR)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Department of Human Genetics [Nijmegen], Radboud University Medical Center [Nijmegen], Department of Experimental Cardiology, Academic Medical Center - Academisch Medisch Centrum [Amsterdam] (AMC), University of Amsterdam [Amsterdam] (UvA)-University of Amsterdam [Amsterdam] (UvA)-Heart Failure Research Center (HFRC), CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP], Institute of human genetics, International Centre for Life, Division of genetic epidemiology, HMNC Brain Health-Molecular and Clinical Pharmacology-Innsbruck Medical University = Medizinische Universität Innsbruck (IMU), Institute of Experimental Medicine, Czech Academy of Sciences [Prague] (CAS), Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Oulu-Institute of Clinical Medicine, Laboratorio di citogenetica, G. Gaslini Institute, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Universität Greifswald - University of Greifswald, Interfaculty Institute for Genetics and Functional Genomics, Abteilung für Kinder und Jugendheilkunde, Landesklinikum Waldviertel Zwettl, Service de génétique [Rouen], CHU Rouen, Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Normandie Université (NU), The Habilitation Unit of Folkhalsan, Medical University Graz, Medical Genetics Unit, Children's Hospital Anna Meyer, Unité de Cytogénétique et Génétique Médicale, Groupe Hospitalier du Havre-Hôpital Gustave Flaubert, Service de Médecine Infantile III et Génétique Clinique [CHRU Nancy], Institute of Human Genetics and Anthropology, Heinrich-Heine University Hospital Duesseldorf, Child and Family Research Institute-University of British Columbia (UBC), North West Thames Regional Genetics Service, Northwick Park & St Marks Hospital, Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Landspitali University Hospital, Program in Genetics and Genomic Biology, Hospital for Sick Children-University of Toronto McLaughlin Centre, Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism (OCDEM), University of Oxford, The Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics [Oxford], Institute of Human Genetics, Technische Universität Munchen - Université Technique de Munich [Munich, Allemagne] (TUM)-Helmholtz Zentrum München = German Research Center for Environmental Health, Genetics, GlaxoSmithKline R&D, GlaxoSmithKline, Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, Génétique cardiovasculaire (GC), Université Henri Poincaré - Nancy 1 (UHP), Molecular Medicine and Surgery department, Karolinska Institutet [Stockholm], Service de Génétique [CHU Caen], Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-CHU Caen, Normandie Université (NU)-Tumorothèque de Caen Basse-Normandie (TCBN)-Tumorothèque de Caen Basse-Normandie (TCBN), Department of Pathology, Division of pediatrics, Ospedale San Giovanni, Institute of Medical Genetics, Universität Zürich [Zürich] = University of Zurich (UZH), Department of pediatrics and CEBR, Università degli studi di Genova = University of Genoa (UniGe)-G. Gaslini Institute, Department of Internal Medicine, Universitat Rovira i Virgili-University Hospital Juan XXIII-Instituto Salud Carlos III-Ciber Fisiopatologia Obesidad y Nutricion (CIBEROBN), Division of Human Genetics, Department of Paediatrics, Inselspital-University of Bern, Autism Research Unit, The Hospital for sick children [Toronto] (SickKids)-University of Toronto, State Diagnostic, Counseling Center, University of Iceland [Reykjavik], Department of Pediatric Laboratory Medicine, Hospital for Sick Children, Genetic Services, Rinnekoti Research Foundation, Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Instituto Salud Carlos III-Clinic Hospital of Virgen de la Victoria-Ciber Fisiopatologia y Nutricion (CIBEROBN), Centre de Maladies Rares, Anomalies du Développement Nord de France-CH Arras - CHRU Lille, Institute for Community Medicine, Department of Medical and Clinical Genetics [Helsinki], Haartman Institute [Helsinki], Faculty of Medecine [Helsinki], Helsingin yliopisto = Helsingfors universitet = University of Helsinki-Helsingin yliopisto = Helsingfors universitet = University of Helsinki-Faculty of Medecine [Helsinki], Helsingin yliopisto = Helsingfors universitet = University of Helsinki-Helsingin yliopisto = Helsingfors universitet = University of Helsinki, The Centre for Applied Genomics, Toronto, The Hospital for sick children [Toronto] (SickKids)-University of Toronto-Department of Molecular Genetics-McLaughlin Centre, Institut de biologie de Lille - UMS 3702 (IBL), Institut Pasteur de Lille, Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP)-Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP)-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), This work was supported by the Leenaards Foundation Prize (SJ, DM and AR), the Jérôme Lejeune Foundation (AR), the Telethon Action Suisse Foundation (AR), the Swiss National Science Foundation (AR, JSB, SB and SEA), a SNSF Sinergia grant (SJ, DM, SB, JSB and AR), the European Commission anEUploidy Integrated Project grant 037627 (AR, SB, XE, HGB and SEA), the Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research (AV), the Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics (SB, ZK), an Imperial College Dept of Medicine PhD studentship (JSe-SM), the Comprehensive Biomedical Research Centre, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, and the National Institute for Health Research (PE), the Wellcome Trust and the Medical Research Council (AIFB and PF), the Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII)-FIS, the German Mental Retardation Network funded through a grant of the German Federal Ministry of Education and Research (NGFNplus 01GS08160) to A Reis and European Union-FEDER (PI081714, PS09/01778), SAF2008-02278 (XE, MG, FFA), the Belgian National Fund for Scientific Research - Flanders (NVA, RFK), the Dutch Organisation for Health Research and Development (ZONMW grant 917-86-319) and Hersenstichting Nederland (BBAdV), grant 81000346 from the Chinese National Natural Science Foundation (YGY), the Simons Foundation Autism Research Initiative, Autism Speaks and NIH grant GM061354 (JFG), and the OENB grant 13059 (AK-B). YS holds a Young Investigator Award from the Children's Tumor Foundation and Catalyst Award from Harvard Medical School, and BLW, a Fudan Scholar Research Award from Fudan University, a grant from Chinese National '973' project on Population and Health (2010CB529601) and a grant from Science and Technology Council of Shanghai (09JC1402400). ERS and SL, recipients of the Michael Smith Foundation for Health Research Scholar award, acknowledge the CIHR MOP 74502 operational grant. EGCUT received support from the EU Centre of Excellence in Genomics and FP7 grants #201413 and #245536, from Estonian Government SF0180142s08, SF0180026s09 and SF0180027s10 (AM, KM, AK). The Helmholtz Zentrum Munich and the State of Bavaria financed KORA, also supported by the German National Genome Research Network (NGFN-2 and NGFNPlus: 01GS0823), the German Federal Ministry of Education and Research (BMBF), and the Munich Center of Health Sciences (MC Health, LMUinnovativ). CIBEROBN and CIBERESP are initiatives of ISCIII (Spain). SWS holds the GlaxoSmithKline-Canadian Institutes of Health (CIHR) Chair in Genetics, Genomics at the University of Toronto and the Hospital for Sick Children and is supported by Genome Canada and the McLaughlin Centre. deCODE was funded in part by NIH grant MH071425 (KS), EU grant HEALTH-2007-2.2.1-10-223423 (Project PsychCNV) and EU grant IMI-JU-NewMeds., Centre de génomique intégrative, Université de Lausanne (UNIL), Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics (SIB), Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, Memorial University of Newfoundland [St. John's], Friedrich Alexander University [Erlangen-Nürnberg], Service d'ORL et de Chirurgie Cervicofaciale, Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-CHU Trousseau [APHP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (APHP)-Hôpital Robert Debré-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7), Weizmann Institute of Science, IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza Hospital, Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Nîmes (CHRU Nîmes), Université Pierre Mendès France - Grenoble 2 (UPMF)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Hôpital Roger Salengro-Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Lille] (CHRU Lille), CHU Saint-Etienne-Hôpital nord, Hôpital Saint Vincent de Paul-GHICL, Centre hospitalier de Béthune, Università degli Studi di Siena (UNISI)-Medical Genetics, Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-IFR140-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Department of Human Genetics, Radboud University Medical Centre, PO Box 9101, 6500 HB Nijmegen, Service de Génétique Cytogénétique et Embryologie [CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (APHP)-CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [APHP], Innsbruck Medical University [Austria] (IMU)-HMNC Brain Health-Molecular and Clinical Pharmacology, Czech Academy of Sciences [Prague] (ASCR), University of Oxford [Oxford], Technische Universität München [München] (TUM)-Helmholtz-Zentrum München (HZM)-German Research Center for Environmental Health, University of Zürich [Zürich] (UZH), Universita degli studi di Genova -G. Gaslini Institute, University of Toronto-The Hospital for Sick Children, University of Helsinki-University of Helsinki-Faculty of Medecine [Helsinki], University of Helsinki-University of Helsinki, University of Toronto-The Hospital for Sick Children-Department of Molecular Genetics-McLaughlin Centre, Institut de biologie de Lille - IBL (IBLI), Université de Lille, Sciences et Technologies-Institut Pasteur de Lille, Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP)-Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP)-Université de Lille, Droit et Santé-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Human genetics, Amsterdam Neuroscience - Complex Trait Genetics, Amsterdam Reproduction & Development (AR&D), De Villemeur, Hervé, Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU), Université Pierre Mendès France - Grenoble 2 (UPMF)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Service of Medical Genetics, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois, 1011 Lausanne, Switzerland., Other departments, Reymond, Alexandre, Antonarakis, Stylianos, Sloan Bena, Frédérique, Bottani, Armand, Callier, Patrick, Gimelli, Stefania, Merla, Giuseppe, Vollenweider, Peter, Université de Lausanne (UNIL)-Université de Lausanne (UNIL), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Université Pierre Mendès France - Grenoble 2 (UPMF), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES), Technische Universität Munchen - Université Technique de Munich [Munich, Allemagne] (TUM)-Helmholtz-Zentrum München (HZM)-German Research Center for Environmental Health, CHU Caen, Normandie Université (NU)-Tumorothèque de Caen Basse-Normandie (TCBN)-Normandie Université (NU)-Tumorothèque de Caen Basse-Normandie (TCBN)-Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), University of Toronto-The Hospital for sick children [Toronto] (SickKids)-Department of Molecular Genetics-McLaughlin Centre, Université de Lille-Institut Pasteur de Lille, and Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP)-Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
Male, Aging, Transcription, Genetic, Adolescent, Adult, Aged, Body Height, Body Mass Index, Case-Control Studies, Child, Child, Preschool, Chromosomes, Human, Pair 16, Cohort Studies, Comparative Genomic Hybridization, Developmental Disabilities, Energy Metabolism, Europe, Female, Gene Dosage, Gene Duplication, Gene Expression Profiling, Genetic Predisposition to Disease, Genome-Wide Association Study, Head, Heterozygote, Humans, Infant, Infant, Newborn, Mental Disorders, Middle Aged, Mutation, North America, Obesity, Phenotype, RNA, Messenger, Sequence Deletion, Thinness, Young Adult, Physiology, RNA, Messenger/analysis/genetics, Genome-wide association study, HIDDEN-MARKOV MODEL, 0302 clinical medicine, Sequence Deletion/genetics, ddc:576.5, 0303 health sciences, education.field_of_study, Body Height/genetics, Genetic Predisposition to Disease/genetics, [SDV.MHEP.EM]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Endocrinology and metabolism, 3. Good health, population characteristics, Chromosomes, Human, Pair 16/genetics, Human, Locus (genetics), Gene Duplication/genetics, Article, 03 medical and health sciences, Genetic, education, SNP GENOTYPING DATA, Thinness/genetics, [SDV.GEN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Genetics, Pair 16, Case-control study, nutritional and metabolic diseases, social sciences, medicine.disease, DEPENDENT PROBE AMPLIFICATION, Human medicine, Body mass index, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, Messenger, Obesity/genetics, FAILURE-TO-THRIVE, [SDV.GEN] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Genetics, Head/anatomy & histology, METABOLIC SYNDROME, [SDV.MHEP.EM] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Endocrinology and metabolism, 2. Zero hunger, Genetics, Multidisciplinary, TIME QUANTITATIVE PCR, Failure to thrive, medicine.symptom, Underweight, Transcription, geographic locations, Mutation/genetics, Population, Biology, Chromosomes, 150 000 MR Techniques in Brain Function, medicine, Preschool, 030304 developmental biology, COPY NUMBER VARIATION, Mental Disorders/genetics, Energy Metabolism/genetics, RELATIVE QUANTIFICATION, Gene Dosage/genetics, Newborn, BODY-MASS INDEX, CIRCULAR BINARY SEGMENTATION, RNA, Genetics and epigenetic pathways of disease Genomic disorders and inherited multi-system disorders [NCMLS 6], human activities, Developmental Disabilities/genetics
Abstract

To access publisher full text version of this article. Please click on the hyperlink in Additional Links field. Both obesity and being underweight have been associated with increased mortality. Underweight, defined as a body mass index (BMI) ≤ 18.5 kg per m(2) in adults and ≤ -2 standard deviations from the mean in children, is the main sign of a series of heterogeneous clinical conditions including failure to thrive, feeding and eating disorder and/or anorexia nervosa. In contrast to obesity, few genetic variants underlying these clinical conditions have been reported. We previously showed that hemizygosity of a ∼600-kilobase (kb) region on the short arm of chromosome 16 causes a highly penetrant form of obesity that is often associated with hyperphagia and intellectual disabilities. Here we show that the corresponding reciprocal duplication is associated with being underweight. We identified 138 duplication carriers (including 132 novel cases and 108 unrelated carriers) from individuals clinically referred for developmental or intellectual disabilities (DD/ID) or psychiatric disorders, or recruited from population-based cohorts. These carriers show significantly reduced postnatal weight and BMI. Half of the boys younger than five years are underweight with a probable diagnosis of failure to thrive, whereas adult duplication carriers have an 8.3-fold increased risk of being clinically underweight. We observe a trend towards increased severity in males, as well as a depletion of male carriers among non-medically ascertained cases. These features are associated with an unusually high frequency of selective and restrictive eating behaviours and a significant reduction in head circumference. Each of the observed phenotypes is the converse of one reported in carriers of deletions at this locus. The phenotypes correlate with changes in transcript levels for genes mapping within the duplication but not in flanking regions. The reciprocal impact of these 16p11.2 copy-number variants indicates that severe obesity and being underweight could have mirror aetiologies, possibly through contrasting effects on energy balance. Leenaards Foundation Jerome Lejeune Foundation Telethon Action Suisse Foundation Swiss National Science Foundation European Commission 037627 QLG1-CT-2000-01643 Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics Imperial College Department of Medicine Comprehensive Biomedical Research Centre Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust National Institute for Health Research Wellcome Trust Medical Research Council Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII)-FIS German Mental Retardation Network German Federal Ministry of Education and Research NGFNplus 01GS08160 European Union PI081714 PS09/01778 201413 245536 info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/EC/FP7/223423 Belgian National Fund for Scientific Research, Flanders Dutch Organisation for Health Research and Development (ZON-MW) 917-86-319 Hersenstichting Nederland (B.B.A.d.V.) Chinese National Natural Science Foundation 81000346 Simons Foundation Autism Research Initiative Autism Speaks NIH GM061354 MH071425 Oesterreichische Nationalbank (OENB) 13059 Children's Tumor Foundation Harvard Medical School Fudan University Chinese National '973' project on Population and Health 2010CB529601 Science and Technology Council of Shanghai 09JC1402400 Michael Smith Foundation for Health CIHR MOP 74502 Estonian Government SF0180142s08 SF0180026s09 SF0180027s10 Helmholtz Zentrum Munich State of Bavaria German National Genome Research Network 01GS0823 German Federal Ministry of Education and Research (BMBF) Munich Center of Health Sciences (MC Health, LMUinnovativ) Genome Canada McLaughlin Centre Academy of Finland 104781 120315 129269 1114194 University Hospital Oulu Biocenter University of Oulu, Finland 75617 NHLBI 5R01HL087679-02 1RL1MH083268-01 NIH/NIMH 5R01MH63706:02 ENGAGE project Medical Research Council, UK G0500539 G0600705 Academy of Finland Biocentrum Helsinki SAF2008-02278 HEALTH-F4-2007-201413

Published
2011
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43. Xq28 duplication including MECP2 in six unreported affected females: what can we learn for diagnosis and genetic counselling?

Author

El Chehadeh S, Touraine R, Prieur F, Reardon W, Bienvenu T, Chantot-Bastaraud S, Doco-Fenzy M, Landais E, Philippe C, Marle N, Callier P, Mosca-Boidron AL, Mugneret F, Le Meur N, Goldenberg A, Guerrot AM, Chambon P, Satre V, Coutton C, Jouk PS, Devillard F, Dieterich K, Afenjar A, Burglen L, Moutard ML, Addor MC, Lebon S, Martinet D, Alessandri JL, Doray B, Miguet M, Devys D, Saugier-Veber P, Drunat S, Aral B, Kremer V, Rondeau S, Tabet AC, Thevenon J, Thauvin-Robinet C, Perreton N, Des Portes V, and Faivre L

Subjects
Adolescent, Adult, Child, Chromosomes, Human, X genetics, Female, Genetic Counseling, Humans, Intellectual Disability physiopathology, Male, Mental Retardation, X-Linked physiopathology, Pedigree, Phenotype, Gene Duplication, Intellectual Disability genetics, Mental Retardation, X-Linked genetics, Methyl-CpG-Binding Protein 2 genetics
Abstract

Duplication of the Xq28 region, involving MECP2 (dupMECP2), has been primarily described in males with severe developmental delay, spasticity, epilepsy, stereotyped movements and recurrent infections. Carrier mothers are usually asymptomatic with an extremely skewed X chromosome inactivation (XCI) pattern. We report a series of six novel symptomatic females carrying a de novo interstitial dupMECP2, and review the 14 symptomatic females reported to date, with the aim to further delineate their phenotype and give clues for genetic counselling. One patient was adopted and among the other 19 patients, seven (37%) had inherited their duplication from their mother, including three mildly (XCI: 70/30, 63/37, 100/0 in blood and random in saliva), one moderately (XCI: random) and three severely (XCI: uninformative and 88/12) affected patients. After combining our data with data from the literature, we could not show a correlation between XCI in the blood or duplication size and the severity of the phenotype, or explain the presence of a phenotype in these females. These findings confirm that an abnormal phenotype, even severe, can be a rare event in females born to asymptomatic carrier mothers, making genetic counselling difficult in couples at risk in terms of prognosis, in particular in prenatal cases., (© 2016 John Wiley & Sons A/S. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.)

Published
2017
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44. IL-17 receptor A and adenosine deaminase 2 deficiency in siblings with recurrent infections and chronic inflammation.

Author

Fellmann F, Angelini F, Wassenberg J, Perreau M, Arenas Ramirez N, Simon G, Boyman O, Demaria O, Christen-Zaech S, Hohl D, Belfiore M, von Scheven-Gete A, Gilliet M, Bochud PY, Perrin Y, Beck Popovic M, Bart PA, Beckmann JS, Martinet D, and Hofer M

Subjects
Adenosine Deaminase immunology, Adolescent, Candidiasis, Chronic Mucocutaneous complications, Candidiasis, Chronic Mucocutaneous immunology, Child, Child, Preschool, Chronic Disease, Comparative Genomic Hybridization, Fatal Outcome, Female, Humans, Inflammation complications, Inflammation immunology, Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins immunology, Receptors, Interleukin-17 immunology, Sequence Deletion, Siblings, Vasculitis complications, Vasculitis immunology, Adenosine Deaminase deficiency, Adenosine Deaminase genetics, Candidiasis, Chronic Mucocutaneous genetics, Inflammation genetics, Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins deficiency, Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins genetics, Receptors, Interleukin-17 deficiency, Receptors, Interleukin-17 genetics, Vasculitis genetics
Abstract

Background: Data on patients affected by chronic mucocutaneous candidiasis underscore the preponderant role of IL-17 receptor A (IL-17RA) in preserving mucocutaneous immunity. Little is known about the role of adenosine deaminase (ADA) 2 in regulation of immune responses, although recent reports linked ADA2 deficiency with inflammation and vasculitis., Objective: We sought to investigate the mechanisms of chronic inflammation and vasculitis in a child lacking IL-17RA and ADA2 to identify therapeutic targets., Methods: We report a family with 2 siblings who have had recurrent mucocutaneous infections with Candida albicans and Staphylococcus aureus and chronic inflammatory disease and vasculitis since early childhood, which were refractory to classical treatments. Array-based comparative genomic hybridization analysis showed that both siblings are homozygous for a 770-kb deletion on chr22q11.1 encompassing both IL17RA and cat eye critical region 1 (CECR1). Immunologic studies were carried out by means of flow cytometry, ELISA, and RIA., Results: As expected, in the affected child we found a lack of IL-17RA expression, which implies a severe malfunction in the IL-17 signaling pathway, conferring susceptibility to recurrent mucocutaneous infections. Surprisingly, we detected an in vitro and in vivo upregulation of proinflammatory cytokines, notably IL-1β and TNF-α, which is consistent with the persistent systemic inflammation., Conclusions: This work emphasizes the utility of whole-genome analyses combined with immunologic investigation in patients with unresolved immunodeficiency. This approach is likely to provide an insight into immunologic pathways and mechanisms of disease. It also provides molecular evidence for more targeted therapies. In addition, our report further corroborates a potential role of ADA2 in modulating immunity and inflammation., (Copyright © 2015 American Academy of Allergy, Asthma & Immunology. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)

Published
2016
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45. Large national series of patients with Xq28 duplication involving MECP2: Delineation of brain MRI abnormalities in 30 affected patients.

Author

El Chehadeh S, Faivre L, Mosca-Boidron AL, Malan V, Amiel J, Nizon M, Touraine R, Prieur F, Pasquier L, Callier P, Lefebvre M, Marle N, Dubourg C, Julia S, Sarret C, Francannet C, Laffargue F, Boespflug-Tanguy O, David A, Isidor B, Le Caignec C, Vigneron J, Leheup B, Lambert L, Philippe C, Cuisset JM, Andrieux J, Plessis G, Toutain A, Goldenberg A, Cormier-Daire V, Rio M, Bonnefont JP, Thevenon J, Echenne B, Journel H, Afenjar A, Burglen L, Bienvenu T, Addor MC, Lebon S, Martinet D, Baumann C, Perrin L, Drunat S, Jouk PS, Devillard F, Coutton C, Lacombe D, Delrue MA, Philip N, Moncla A, Badens C, Perreton N, Masurel A, Thauvin-Robinet C, Des Portes V, and Guibaud L

Subjects
Adolescent, Adult, Brain Diseases pathology, Child, Child, Preschool, Female, Genetic Association Studies, Genotype, Humans, Infant, Infant, Newborn, Male, Mental Retardation, X-Linked pathology, Middle Aged, Pedigree, Phenotype, Prognosis, Young Adult, Brain Diseases genetics, Chromosomes, Human, X genetics, Gene Duplication, Magnetic Resonance Imaging methods, Mental Retardation, X-Linked genetics, Methyl-CpG-Binding Protein 2 genetics
Abstract

Xq28 duplications encompassing MECP2 have been described in male patients with a severe neurodevelopmental disorder associated with hypotonia and spasticity, severe learning disability, stereotyped movements, and recurrent pulmonary infections. We report on standardized brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) data of 30 affected patients carrying an Xq28 duplication involving MECP2 of various sizes (228 kb to 11.7 Mb). The aim of this study was to seek recurrent malformations and attempt to determine whether variations in imaging features could be explained by differences in the size of the duplications. We showed that 93% of patients had brain MRI abnormalities such as corpus callosum abnormalities (n = 20), reduced volume of the white matter (WM) (n = 12), ventricular dilatation (n = 9), abnormal increased hyperintensities on T2-weighted images involving posterior periventricular WM (n = 6), and vermis hypoplasia (n = 5). The occipitofrontal circumference varied considerably between >+2SD in five patients and <-2SD in four patients. Among the nine patients with dilatation of the lateral ventricles, six had a duplication involving L1CAM. The only patient harboring bilateral posterior subependymal nodular heterotopia also carried an FLNA gene duplication. We could not demonstrate a correlation between periventricular WM hyperintensities/delayed myelination and duplication of the IKBKG gene. We thus conclude that patients with an Xq28 duplication involving MECP2 share some similar but non-specific brain abnormalities. These imaging features, therefore, could not constitute a diagnostic clue. The genotype-phenotype correlation failed to demonstrate a relationship between the presence of nodular heterotopia, ventricular dilatation, WM abnormalities, and the presence of FLNA, L1CAM, or IKBKG, respectively, in the duplicated segment., (© 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.)

Published
2016
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46. A new CRB1 rat mutation links Müller glial cells to retinal telangiectasia.

Author

Zhao M, Andrieu-Soler C, Kowalczuk L, Paz Cortés M, Berdugo M, Dernigoghossian M, Halili F, Jeanny JC, Goldenberg B, Savoldelli M, El Sanharawi M, Naud MC, van Ijcken W, Pescini-Gobert R, Martinet D, Maass A, Wijnholds J, Crisanti P, Rivolta C, and Behar-Cohen F

Subjects
Age Factors, Animals, Animals, Newborn, Cells, Cultured, Disease Models, Animal, Electroretinography, Ependymoglial Cells metabolism, Ependymoglial Cells ultrastructure, Eye Proteins metabolism, Fluorescein Angiography, Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein metabolism, Neurons pathology, Neurons ultrastructure, Platelet Endothelial Cell Adhesion Molecule-1 metabolism, Rats, Rats, Mutant Strains, Retinal Vessels pathology, Retinal Vessels ultrastructure, Signal Transduction physiology, Visual Pathways pathology, Visual Pathways ultrastructure, Ependymoglial Cells pathology, Eye Proteins genetics, Mutation genetics, Retinal Degeneration etiology, Retinal Degeneration genetics, Retinal Degeneration pathology, Telangiectasis complications, Telangiectasis genetics
Abstract

We have identified and characterized a spontaneous Brown Norway from Janvier rat strain (BN-J) presenting a progressive retinal degeneration associated with early retinal telangiectasia, neuronal alterations, and loss of retinal Müller glial cells resembling human macular telangiectasia type 2 (MacTel 2), which is a retinal disease of unknown cause. Genetic analyses showed that the BN-J phenotype results from an autosomal recessive indel novel mutation in the Crb1 gene, causing dislocalization of the protein from the retinal Müller glia (RMG)/photoreceptor cell junction. The transcriptomic analyses of primary RMG cultures allowed identification of the dysregulated pathways in BN-J rats compared with wild-type BN rats. Among those pathways, TGF-β and Kit Receptor Signaling, MAPK Cascade, Growth Factors and Inflammatory Pathways, G-Protein Signaling Pathways, Regulation of Actin Cytoskeleton, and Cardiovascular Signaling were found. Potential molecular targets linking RMG/photoreceptor interaction with the development of retinal telangiectasia are identified. This model can help us to better understand the physiopathologic mechanisms of MacTel 2 and other retinal diseases associated with telangiectasia., (Copyright © 2015 the authors 0270-6474/15/356093-14$15.00/0.)

Published
2015
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47. A single epidermal stem cell strategy for safe ex vivo gene therapy.

Author

Droz-Georget Lathion S, Rochat A, Knott G, Recchia A, Martinet D, Benmohammed S, Grasset N, Zaffalon A, Besuchet Schmutz N, Savioz-Dayer E, Beckmann JS, Rougemont J, Mavilio F, and Barrandon Y

Subjects
Adult, Animals, Cells, Cultured, Epidermis, Epidermolysis Bullosa Dystrophica genetics, Epidermolysis Bullosa Dystrophica metabolism, Epidermolysis Bullosa Dystrophica pathology, Female, Heterografts, Humans, Infant, Newborn, Male, Mice, Mice, SCID, Retroviridae genetics, Stem Cell Transplantation, Stem Cells pathology, Collagen Type VII biosynthesis, Collagen Type VII genetics, Epidermolysis Bullosa Dystrophica therapy, Genetic Therapy methods, Stem Cells metabolism, Transduction, Genetic
Abstract

There is a widespread agreement from patient and professional organisations alike that the safety of stem cell therapeutics is of paramount importance, particularly for ex vivo autologous gene therapy. Yet current technology makes it difficult to thoroughly evaluate the behaviour of genetically corrected stem cells before they are transplanted. To address this, we have developed a strategy that permits transplantation of a clonal population of genetically corrected autologous stem cells that meet stringent selection criteria and the principle of precaution. As a proof of concept, we have stably transduced epidermal stem cells (holoclones) obtained from a patient suffering from recessive dystrophic epidermolysis bullosa. Holoclones were infected with self-inactivating retroviruses bearing a COL7A1 cDNA and cloned before the progeny of individual stem cells were characterised using a number of criteria. Clonal analysis revealed a great deal of heterogeneity among transduced stem cells in their capacity to produce functional type VII collagen (COLVII). Selected transduced stem cells transplanted onto immunodeficient mice regenerated a non-blistering epidermis for months and produced a functional COLVII. Safety was assessed by determining the sites of proviral integration, rearrangements and hit genes and by whole-genome sequencing. The progeny of the selected stem cells also had a diploid karyotype, was not tumorigenic and did not disseminate after long-term transplantation onto immunodeficient mice. In conclusion, a clonal strategy is a powerful and efficient means of by-passing the heterogeneity of a transduced stem cell population. It guarantees a safe and homogenous medicinal product, fulfilling the principle of precaution and the requirements of regulatory affairs. Furthermore, a clonal strategy makes it possible to envision exciting gene-editing technologies like zinc finger nucleases, TALENs and homologous recombination for next-generation gene therapy., (© 2015 The Authors. Published under the terms of the CC BY 4.0 license.)

Published
2015
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49. Potocki-Shaffer deletion encompassing ALX4 in a patient with frontonasal dysplasia phenotype.

Author

Ferrarini A, Gaillard M, Guerry F, Ramelli G, Heidi F, Keddache CV, Wieland I, Beckmann JS, Jaquemont S, and Martinet D

Subjects
Chromosome Deletion, Chromosome Disorders diagnosis, Chromosomes, Human, Pair 11 genetics, Comparative Genomic Hybridization, Craniofacial Abnormalities diagnosis, Exons, Exostoses, Multiple Hereditary diagnosis, Facial Bones abnormalities, Facies, Female, Heterozygote, Humans, Imaging, Three-Dimensional methods, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide, Young Adult, Chromosome Disorders genetics, Craniofacial Abnormalities genetics, DNA-Binding Proteins genetics, Exostoses, Multiple Hereditary genetics, Face abnormalities, Phenotype, Sequence Deletion, Transcription Factors genetics
Abstract

Frontonasal dysplasia (FND) is a genetically heterogeneous malformation spectrum with marked hypertelorism, broad nasal tip and bifid nose. Only a small number of genes have been associated with FND phenotypes until now, the first gene being EFNB1, related to craniofrontonasal syndrome (CFNS) with craniosynostosis in addition, and more recently the aristaless-like homeobox genes ALX3, ALX4, and ALX1, which have been related with distinct phenotypes named FND1, FND2, and FND3 respectively. We here report on a female patient presenting with severe FND features along with partial alopecia, hypogonadism and intellectual disability. While molecular investigations did not reveal mutations in any of the known genes, ALX4, ALX3, ALX1 and EFNB1, comparative genomic hybridization (array CGH) techniques showed a large heterozygous de novo deletion at 11p11.12p12, encompassing the ALX4 gene. Deletions in this region have been described in patients with Potocki-Shaffer syndrome (PSS), characterized by biparietal foramina, multiple exostoses, and intellectual disability. Although the patient reported herein manifests some overlapping features of FND and PPS, it is likely that the observed phenotype maybe due to a second unidentified mutation in the ALX4 gene. The phenotype will be discussed in view of the deleted region encompassing the ALX4 gene., (© 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.)

Published
2014
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50. SCRIB and PUF60 are primary drivers of the multisystemic phenotypes of the 8q24.3 copy-number variant.

Author

Dauber A, Golzio C, Guenot C, Jodelka FM, Kibaek M, Kjaergaard S, Leheup B, Martinet D, Nowaczyk MJ, Rosenfeld JA, Zeesman S, Zunich J, Beckmann JS, Hirschhorn JN, Hastings ML, Jacquemont S, and Katsanis N

Subjects
Adolescent, Alleles, Animals, Child, Child, Preschool, Chromosome Mapping, Chromosomes, Human, Pair 8 genetics, Developmental Disabilities genetics, Female, Gene Deletion, Gene Knockdown Techniques, HeLa Cells, Humans, Intellectual Disability genetics, Male, Microcephaly genetics, Phenotype, RNA Splicing Factors, Zebrafish genetics, DNA Copy Number Variations, Membrane Proteins genetics, RNA-Binding Proteins genetics, Repressor Proteins genetics, Tumor Suppressor Proteins genetics
Abstract

Copy-number variants (CNVs) represent a significant interpretative challenge, given that each CNV typically affects the dosage of multiple genes. Here we report on five individuals with coloboma, microcephaly, developmental delay, short stature, and craniofacial, cardiac, and renal defects who harbor overlapping microdeletions on 8q24.3. Fine mapping localized a commonly deleted 78 kb region that contains three genes: SCRIB, NRBP2, and PUF60. In vivo dissection of the CNV showed discrete contributions of the planar cell polarity effector SCRIB and the splicing factor PUF60 to the syndromic phenotype, and the combinatorial suppression of both genes exacerbated some, but not all, phenotypic components. Consistent with these findings, we identified an individual with microcephaly, short stature, intellectual disability, and heart defects with a de novo c.505C>T variant leading to a p.His169Tyr change in PUF60. Functional testing of this allele in vivo and in vitro showed that the mutation perturbs the relative dosage of two PUF60 isoforms and, subsequently, the splicing efficiency of downstream PUF60 targets. These data inform the functions of two genes not associated previously with human genetic disease and demonstrate how CNVs can exhibit complex genetic architecture, with the phenotype being the amalgam of both discrete dosage dysfunction of single transcripts and also of binary genetic interactions., (Copyright © 2013 The American Society of Human Genetics. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)

Published
2013
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