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1. Small babies, big risks: global estimates of prevalence and mortality for vulnerable newborns to accelerate change and improve counting

Author

Ashorn, Per, Black, Robert E, Lawn, Joy E, Ashorn, Ulla, Klein, Nigel, Hofmeyr, G Justus, Temmerman, Marleen, Askari, Sufia, Ohuma, Eric O, Moller, Ann-Beth, Bradley, Ellen, Chakwera, Samuel, Hussain-Alkhateeb, Laith, Lewin, Alexandra, Okwaraji, Yemisrach B, Retno Mahanani, Wahyu, White Johansson, Emily, Lavin, Tina, Estevez Fernandez, Diana, Gatica Domínguez, Giovanna, de Costa, Ayesha, Cresswell, Jenny A, Krasevec, Julia, Blencowe, Hannah, Requejo, Jennifer, Moran, Allisyn C, Pingray, Veronica, Cormick, Gabriela, Gibbons, Luz, Belizan, José, Guevel, Carlos, Warrilow, Kara, Gordon, Adrienne, Flenady, Vicki, Sexton, Jessica, Lawford, Harriet, Paixao, Enny S., Rocha Falcão, Ila, Lima Barreto, Mauricio, Lisonkova, Sarka, Wen, Qi, Mardones, Francisco, Caulier-Cisterna, Raúl, Acuña, José, Velebil, Petr, Jirova, Jitka, Horváth-Puhó, Erzsébet, Sørensen, Henrik Toft, Sakkeus, Luule, Abuladze, Liili, Gissler, Mika, Moradi-Lakeh, Maziar, Heidarzadeh, Mohammad, Khalili, Narjes, A. Yunis, Khalid, Al Bizri, Ayah, Nakad, Pascale, Devi Karalasingam, Shamala, R Jeganathan, J Ravichandran, binti Baharum, Nurakman, Suárez-Idueta, Lorena, Barranco Flores, Arturo, Gonzalez Roldan, Jesus F, Lopez Alvarez, Sonia, van Dijk, Aimée E., Broeders, Lisa, Huicho, Luis, Quezada Pinedo, Hugo G, Cajachagua-Torres, Kim N, Carrillo-Larco, Rodrigo M, Tarazona Meza, Carla Estefania, Guzman-Vilca, Wilmer Cristobal, Olukade, Tawa O., Ali, Hamdy A., Alyafei, Fawziya, AlQubaisi, Mai, Alturk, Mohamad R, Kim, Ho Yeon, Cho, Geum Joon, Razaz, Neda, Söderling, Jonas, Smith, Lucy K, Kurinczuk, Jennifer J, Matthews, Ruth J, Manktelow, Bradley N, Draper, Elizabeth S, Fenton, Alan C, Lowry, Estelle, Rowland, Neil, Wood, Rachael, Monteath, Kirsten, Pereyra, Isabel, Pravia, Gabriella, Davis, Celina, Clarke, Samantha, Wu, Lee S.F., Yoshida, Sachiyo, Bahl, Rajiv, Grandi, Carlos, Labrique, Alain B, Rashid, Mabhubur, Ahmed, Salahuddin, Roy, Arunangshu D., Haque, Rezwanul, Shaikh, Saijuddin, Baqui, Abdullah H., Saha, Samir K., Khanam, Rasheda, Rahman, Sayedur, Shapiro, Roger, Zash, Rebecca, Silveira, Mariângela F., Buffarini, Romina, Kolsteren, Patrick, Lachat, Carl, Huybregts, Lieven, Roberfroid, Dominique, Zeng, Lingxia, Zhu, Zhonghai, He, Jianrong, Qui, Xiu, Gebreyesus, Seifu H., Tesfamariam, Kokeb, Bekele, Delayehu, Chan, Grace, Baye, Estifanos, Workneh, Firehiwot, Asante, Kwaku P., Boanmah-Kaali, Ellen, Adu-Afarwuah, Seth, Dewey, Kathryn G., Gyaase, Stephaney, Wylie, Blair J., Kirkwood, Betty R., Manu, Alexander, Thulasiraj, Ravilla D, Tielsch, James, Chowdhury, Ranadip, Taneja, Sunita, Babu, Giridhara R, Shriyan, Prafulla, Maleta, Kenneth, Mangani, Charles, Acevedo-Gallegos, Sandra, Rodriguez-Sibaja, Maria J., Khatry, Subarna K., LeClerq, Steven C., Mullany, Luke C., Jehan, Fyezah, Ilyas, Muhammad, Rogerson, Stephen J., Unger, Holger W., Ghosh, Rakesh, Musange, Sabine, Ramokolo, Vundli, Zembe-Mkabile, Wanga, Lazzerini, Marzia, Mohamed, Rishard, Wang, Dongqing, Fawzi, Wafaie W., Minja, Daniel T.R., Schmiegelow, Christentze, Masanja, Honorati, Smith, Emily, Lusingu, John P.A., Msemo, Omari A., Kabole, Fathma M., Slim, Salim N., Keentupthai, Paniya, Mongkolchati, Aroonsri, Kajubi, Richard, Kakuru, Abel, Waiswa, Peter, Walker, Dilys, Hamer, Davidson H., Semrau, Katherine E.A., Chaponda, Enesia B., Chico, R. Matthew, Banda, Bowen, Musokotwane, Kebby, Manasyan, Albert, Pry, Jake M., Chasekwa, Bernard, Humphrey, Jean, Shamim, Abu Ahmed, Christian, Parul, Ali, Hasmot, Klemm, Rolf D.W., Massie, Alan B., Mitra, Maithili, Mehra, Sucheta, Schulze, Kerry J., Shamim, Abu Amed, Sommer, Alfred, Ullah, Barkat, West, Keith P., Jr, Begum, Nazma, Chowdhury, Nabidul Haque, Islam, Shafiqul, Mitra, Dipak Kumar, Quaiyum, Abdul, Diseko, Modiegi, Makhema, Joseph, Cheng, Yue, Guo, Yixin, Yuan, Shanshan, Roro, Meselech, Shikur, Bilal, Goddard, Frederick, Haneuse, Sebastien, Hunegnaw, Bezawit, Berhane, Yemane, Worku, Alemayehu, Kaali, Seyram, Arnold, Charles D., Jack, Darby, Amenga-Etego, Seeba, Hurt, Lisa, Shannon, Caitlin, Soremekun, Seyi, Bhandari, Nita, Martines, Jose, Mazumder, Sarmila, Ana, Yamuna, R, Deepa, Hallamaa, Lotta, Pyykkö, Juha, Lumbreras-Marquez, Mario I., Mendoza-Carrera, Claudia E., Hussain, Atiya, Karim, Muhammad, Kausar, Farzana, Mehmood, Usma, Nadeem, Naila, Nisar, Muhammad Imran, Sajid, Muhammad, Mueller, Ivo, Ome-Kaius, Maria, Butrick, Elizabeth, Sayinzoga, Felix, Mariani, Ilaria, Urassa, Willy, Theander, Thor, Deloron, Phillippe, Nielsen, Birgitte Bruun, Muhihi, Alfa, Noor, Ramadhani Abdallah, Bygbjerg, Ib, Moeller, Sofie Lykke, Aftab, Fahad, Ali, Said M., Dhingra, Pratibha, Dhingra, Usha, Dutta, Arup, Sazawal, Sunil, Suleiman, Atifa, Mohammed, Mohammed, Deb, Saikat, Kamya, Moses R., Nakalembe, Miriam, Mulowooz, Jude, Santos, Nicole, Biemba, Godfrey, Herlihy, Julie M., Mbewe, Reuben K., Mweena, Fern, Yeboah-Antwi, Kojo, Bruce, Jane, Chandramohan, Daniel, Prendergast, Andrew, Idueta, Lorena Suárez, Hazel, Elizabeth, Erchick, Daniel J, Yargawa, Judith, Katz, Joanne, Lee, Anne C C, Diaz, Mike, Salasibew, Mihretab, Hayashi, Chika, and Borghi, Elaine

Published
2023
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2. Setting research priorities to improve global newborn health and prevent stillbirths by 2025.

Author

Yoshida, Sachiyo, Martines, José, Lawn, Joy E, Wall, Stephen, Souza, Joăo Paulo, Rudan, Igor, Cousens, Simon, neonatal health research priority setting group, Aaby, Peter, Adam, Ishag, Adhikari, Ramesh Kant, Ambalavanan, Namasivayam, Arifeen, Shams Ei, Aryal, Dhana Raj, Asiruddin, Sk, Baqui, Abdullah, Barros, Aluisio Jd, Benn, Christine S, Bhandari, Vineet, Bhatnagar, Shinjini, Bhattacharya, Sohinee, Bhutta, Zulfiqar A, Black, Robert E, Blencowe, Hannah, Bose, Carl, Brown, Justin, Bührer, Christoph, Carlo, Wally, Cecatti, Jose Guilherme, Cheung, Po-Yin, Clark, Robert, Colbourn, Tim, Conde-Agudelo, Agustin, Corbett, Erica, Czeizel, Andrew E, Das, Abhik, Day, Louise Tina, Deal, Carolyn, Deorari, Ashok, Dilmen, Uğur, English, Mike, Engmann, Cyril, Esamai, Fabian, Fall, Caroline, Ferriero, Donna M, Gisore, Peter, Hazir, Tabish, Higgins, Rosemary D, Homer, Caroline Se, Hoque, DE, Irgens, Lorentz, Islam, MT, de Graft-Johnson, Joseph, Joshua, Martias Alice, Keenan, William, Khatoon, Soofia, Kieler, Helle, Kramer, Michael S, Lackritz, Eve M, Lavender, Tina, Lawintono, Laurensia, Luhanga, Richard, Marsh, David, McMillan, Douglas, McNamara, Patrick J, Mol, Ben Willem J, Molyneux, Elizabeth, Mukasa, GK, Mutabazi, Miriam, Nacul, Luis Carlos, Nakakeeto, Margaret, Narayanan, Indira, Olusanya, Bolajoko, Osrin, David, Paul, Vinod, Poets, Christian, Reddy, Uma M, Santosham, Mathuram, Sayed, Rubayet, Schlabritz-Loutsevitch, Natalia E, Singhal, Nalini, Smith, Mary Alice, Smith, Peter G, Soofi, Sajid, Spong, Catherine Y, Sultana, Shahin, Tshefu, Antoinette, van Bel, Frank, Gray, Lauren Vestewig, Waiswa, Peter, Wang, Wei, Williams, Sarah LA, Wright, Linda, Zaidi, Anita, Zhang, Yanfeng, Zhong, Nanbert, Zuniga, Isabel, and Bahl, Rajiv

Subjects
neonatal health research priority setting group, Public Health and Health Services
Abstract

BackgroundIn 2013, an estimated 2.8 million newborns died and 2.7 million were stillborn. A much greater number suffer from long term impairment associated with preterm birth, intrauterine growth restriction, congenital anomalies, and perinatal or infectious causes. With the approaching deadline for the achievement of the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) in 2015, there was a need to set the new research priorities on newborns and stillbirth with a focus not only on survival but also on health, growth and development. We therefore carried out a systematic exercise to set newborn health research priorities for 2013-2025.MethodsWe used adapted Child Health and Nutrition Research Initiative (CHNRI) methods for this prioritization exercise. We identified and approached the 200 most productive researchers and 400 program experts, and 132 of them submitted research questions online. These were collated into a set of 205 research questions, sent for scoring to the 600 identified experts, and were assessed and scored by 91 experts.ResultsNine out of top ten identified priorities were in the domain of research on improving delivery of known interventions, with simplified neonatal resuscitation program and clinical algorithms and improved skills of community health workers leading the list. The top 10 priorities in the domain of development were led by ideas on improved Kangaroo Mother Care at community level, how to improve the accuracy of diagnosis by community health workers, and perinatal audits. The 10 leading priorities for discovery research focused on stable surfactant with novel modes of administration for preterm babies, ability to diagnose fetal distress and novel tocolytic agents to delay or stop preterm labour.ConclusionThese findings will assist both donors and researchers in supporting and conducting research to close the knowledge gaps for reducing neonatal mortality, morbidity and long term impairment. WHO, SNL and other partners will work to generate interest among key national stakeholders, governments, NGOs, and research institutes in these priorities, while encouraging research funders to support them. We will track research funding, relevant requests for proposals and trial registers to monitor if the priorities identified by this exercise are being addressed.

Published
2016

3. Setting research priorities to improve global newborn health and prevent stillbirths by 2025

Author

Yoshida, Sachiyo, Martines, José, Lawn, Joy E, Wall, Stephen, Souza, Joăo Paulo, Rudan, Igor, Cousens, Simon, Aaby, Peter, Adam, Ishag, Adhikari, Ramesh Kant, Ambalavanan, Namasivayam, Arifeen, Shams EI, Aryal, Dhana Raj, Asiruddin, Sk, Baqui, Abdullah, Barros, Aluisio JD, Benn, Christine S, Bhandari, Vineet, Bhatnagar, Shinjini, Bhattacharya, Sohinee, Bhutta, Zulfiqar A, Black, Robert E, Blencowe, Hannah, Bose, Carl, Brown, Justin, Bührer, Christoph, Carlo, Wally, Cecatti, Jose Guilherme, Cheung, Po–Yin, Clark, Robert, Colbourn, Tim, Conde–Agudelo, Agustin, Corbett, Erica, Czeizel, Andrew E, Das, Abhik, Day, Louise Tina, Deal, Carolyn, Deorari, Ashok, Dilmen, Uğur, English, Mike, Engmann, Cyril, Esamai, Fabian, Fall, Caroline, Ferriero, Donna M, Gisore, Peter, Hazir, Tabish, Higgins, Rosemary D, Homer, Caroline SE, Hoque, DE, Irgens, Lorentz, Islam, MT, de Graft–Johnson, Joseph, Joshua, Martias Alice, Keenan, William, Khatoon, Soofia, Kieler, Helle, Kramer, Michael S, Lackritz, Eve M, Lavender, Tina, Lawintono, Laurensia, Luhanga, Richard, Marsh, David, McMillan, Douglas, McNamara, Patrick J, Mol, Ben Willem J, Molyneux, Elizabeth, Mukasa, GK, Mutabazi, Miriam, Nacul, Luis Carlos, Nakakeeto, Margaret, Narayanan, Indira, Olusanya, Bolajoko, Osrin, David, Paul, Vinod, Poets, Christian, Reddy, Uma M, Santosham, Mathuram, Sayed, Rubayet, Schlabritz–Loutsevitch, Natalia E, Singhal, Nalini, Smith, Mary Alice, Smith, Peter G, Soofi, Sajid, Spong, Catherine Y, Sultana, Shahin, Tshefu, Antoinette, van Bel, Frank, Gray, Lauren Vestewig, Waiswa, Peter, Wang, Wei, Williams, Sarah LA, Wright, Linda, Zaidi, Anita, Zhang, Yanfeng, Zhong, Nanbert, Zuniga, Isabel, and Bahl, Rajiv

Subjects
Public Health, Health Sciences, Infant Mortality, Preterm, Low Birth Weight and Health of the Newborn, Pediatric, Prevention, Perinatal Period - Conditions Originating in Perinatal Period, Reproductive health and childbirth, Good Health and Well Being, neonatal health research priority setting group, Public Health and Health Services, Public health
Abstract

BackgroundIn 2013, an estimated 2.8 million newborns died and 2.7 million were stillborn. A much greater number suffer from long term impairment associated with preterm birth, intrauterine growth restriction, congenital anomalies, and perinatal or infectious causes. With the approaching deadline for the achievement of the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) in 2015, there was a need to set the new research priorities on newborns and stillbirth with a focus not only on survival but also on health, growth and development. We therefore carried out a systematic exercise to set newborn health research priorities for 2013-2025.MethodsWe used adapted Child Health and Nutrition Research Initiative (CHNRI) methods for this prioritization exercise. We identified and approached the 200 most productive researchers and 400 program experts, and 132 of them submitted research questions online. These were collated into a set of 205 research questions, sent for scoring to the 600 identified experts, and were assessed and scored by 91 experts.ResultsNine out of top ten identified priorities were in the domain of research on improving delivery of known interventions, with simplified neonatal resuscitation program and clinical algorithms and improved skills of community health workers leading the list. The top 10 priorities in the domain of development were led by ideas on improved Kangaroo Mother Care at community level, how to improve the accuracy of diagnosis by community health workers, and perinatal audits. The 10 leading priorities for discovery research focused on stable surfactant with novel modes of administration for preterm babies, ability to diagnose fetal distress and novel tocolytic agents to delay or stop preterm labour.ConclusionThese findings will assist both donors and researchers in supporting and conducting research to close the knowledge gaps for reducing neonatal mortality, morbidity and long term impairment. WHO, SNL and other partners will work to generate interest among key national stakeholders, governments, NGOs, and research institutes in these priorities, while encouraging research funders to support them. We will track research funding, relevant requests for proposals and trial registers to monitor if the priorities identified by this exercise are being addressed.

Published
2015

12. Moving beyond essential interventions for reduction of maternal mortality (the WHO Multicountry Survey on Maternal and Newborn Health): a cross-sectional study

Author

Souza, João Paulo, Gülmezoglu, Ahmet Metin, Vogel, Joshua, Carroli, Guillermo, Lumbiganon, Pisake, Qureshi, Zahida, Costa, Maria José, Fawole, Bukola, Mugerwa, Yvonne, Nafiou, Idi, Neves, Isilda, Wolomby-Molondo, Jean-José, Bang, Hoang Thi, Cheang, Kannitha, Chuyun, Kang, Jayaratne, Kapila, Jayathilaka, Chandani Anoma, Mazhar, Syeda Batool, Mori, Rintaro, Mustafa, Mir Lais, Pathak, Laxmi Raj, Perera, Deepthi, Rathavy, Tung, Recidoro, Zenaida, Roy, Malabika, Ruyan, Pang, Shrestha, Naveen, Taneepanichsku, Surasak, Tien, Nguyen Viet, Ganchimeg, Togoobaatar, Wehbe, Mira, Yadamsuren, Buyanjargal, Yan, Wang, Yunis, Khalid, Bataglia, Vicente, Cecatti, José Guilherme, Hernandez-Prado, Bernardo, Nardin, Juan Manuel, Narváez, Alberto, Ortiz-Panozo, Eduardo, Pérez-Cuevas, Ricardo, Valladares, Eliette, Zavaleta, Nelly, Armson, Anthony, Crowther, Caroline, Hogue, Carol, Lindmark, Gunilla, Mittal, Suneeta, Pattinson, Robert, Stanton, Mary Ellen, Campodonico, Liana, Cuesta, Cristina, Giordano, Daniel, Intarut, Nirun, Laopaiboon, Malinee, Bahl, Rajiv, Martines, Jose, Mathai, Matthews, Merialdi, Mario, and Say, Lale

Published
2013
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34. Use of multiple opportunities for improving feeding practices in under-twos within child health programmes

Author

Bhandari, Nita, Mazumder, Sarmila, Bahl, Rajiv, Martines, José, Black, Robert E., Bhan, Maharaj K., Bhandari, Nita, Mazumder, Sarmila, Bahl, Rajiv, Martines, José, Black, Robert E., and Bhan, Maharaj K.

Abstract

Objectives: In a community randomized trial, we aimed to promote exclusive breastfeeding and appropriate complementary feeding practices in under-twos to ascertain the feasibility of using available channels for nutrition counselling, their relative performance and the relationship between intensity of counselling and behaviour change. We also assessed whether using multiple opportunities to impart nutrition education adversely affected routine activities. Methods: We conducted a community randomized, controlled effectiveness trial in rural Haryana, India, with four intervention and four control communities. We trained health and nutrition workers in the intervention communities to counsel mothers at multiple contacts on breastfeeding exclusively for 6 months and on appropriate complementary feeding practices thereafter. The intervention was not just training health and nutrition workers in counselling but included community and health worker mobilization. Findings: In the intervention group, about 32% of caregivers were counselled by traditional birth attendants at birth. The most frequent sources of counselling from birth to 3 months were immunization sessions (45.1%) and home visits (32.1%), followed closely by weighing sessions (25.5%); from 7 to 12 months, home visits (42.6%) became more important than the other two. An increase in the number of channels through which caregivers were counselled was positively associated with exclusive breastfeeding prevalence at 3 months (p = 0.002), consumption of milk/cereal gruel or mix use at 9 months (p = 0.004) and 18 months (p = 0.003), undiluted milk at 9 months (p<0.0001) and 24 hour non-breast-milk energy intakes at 18 months (p = 0.023), after controlling for potential confounding factors. Intervention areas, compared with the control, had higher coverage for vitamin A (45% vs. 11.5%) and iron folic acid (45% vs. 0.4%) supplementation. Conclusions: Using multiple available opportunities and workers for counselling ca

Published
2017

36. Fatores sócio-econômicos, estado nutricional e rendimento escolar: um estudo em 500 crianças de primeira série

Author

Victora, César Gomes, Martines, José Carlos, and Costa, Juvenal Dias da

Subjects
Rendimento escolar, Condições socioeconômicas, Escala de avaliação, Nutrição, Renda familiar
Abstract

O rendimento escolar de 500 crianças ingressando em primeira série foi estudado em relação a seu estado nutricional e fatores socioeconômicos. Observou-se fraca associação entre o estado nutricional e o rendimento escolar das crianças. Entre as variáveis estudadas, foram as socioeconômicas as que mais influíram nos resultados. O conjunto de variáveis estudado consegue explicar 24,2% da variância dos resultados.

Published
2013

37. Maternal and perinatal health research priorities beyond 2015: an international survey and prioritization exercise

Author

Souza, Joao Paulo, primary, Widmer, Mariana, additional, Gülmezoglu, Ahmet Metin, additional, Lawrie, Theresa Anne, additional, Adejuyigbe, Ebunoluwa Aderonke, additional, Carroli, Guillermo, additional, Crowther, Caroline, additional, Currie, Sheena M, additional, Dowswell, Therese, additional, Hofmeyr, Justus, additional, Lavender, Tina, additional, Lawn, Joy, additional, Mader, Silke, additional, Martinez, Francisco Eulógio, additional, Mugerwa, Kidza, additional, Qureshi, Zahida, additional, Silvestre, Maria Asuncion, additional, Soltani, Hora, additional, Torloni, Maria Regina, additional, Tsigas, Eleni Z, additional, Vowles, Zoe, additional, Ouedraogo, Léopold, additional, Serruya, Suzanne, additional, Al-Raiby, Jamela, additional, Awin, Narimah, additional, Obara, Hiromi, additional, Mathai, Matthews, additional, Bahl, Rajiv, additional, Martines, José, additional, Ganatra, Bela, additional, Phillips, Sharon Jelena, additional, Johnson, Brooke Ronald, additional, Vogel, Joshua P, additional, Oladapo, Olufemi T, additional, and Temmerman, Marleen, additional

Published
2014
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40. Avaliação da eficácia do aconselhamento nutricional dentro da estratégia do AIDPI (OMS/UNICEF)

Author

Santos, Iná S., Victora, Cesar G., Martines, José, Gonçalves, Helen, Gigante, Denise Petrucci, Valle, Neiva J., and Pelto, Gretel

Subjects
Aconselhamento nutricional, Ensaio randomizado, Child growth, Nutrition counseling, Randomized trial, Crescimento infantil
Abstract

Este foi um estudo randomizado, controlado, cego, cujo objetivo foi avaliar o impacto do aconselhamento nutricional, dentro da estratégia da Atenção Integral às Doenças Prevalentes na Infância (OMS/UNICEF), sobre o crescimento infantil. Os 28 postos de saúde de Pelotas foram emparelhados conforme indicadores nutricionais. Um posto de cada par foi aleatoriamente selecionado e seus médicos treinados em aconselhamento nutricional. Foram incluídos 33 médicos e de cada um deles selecionados 12-13 pacientes, de 0 a 18 meses de idade. O estudo incluiu avaliação do conhecimento dos médicos, observação de consultas e visitas domiciliares aos 8, aos 45 e aos 180 dias após a consulta inicial. O conhecimento materno, as práticas alimentares e a aderência às recomendações foram avaliadas. Foram tomadas medidas antropométricas das crianças. O consumo de alimentos foi avaliado para um dia inteiro em uma subamostra de crianças. Os médicos do grupo intervenção sabiam mais sobre nutrição infantil e melhoraram seu desempenho em avaliação da alimentação e em aconselhamento nutricional. O recordatório materno, bem como a satisfação com a consulta, foram maiores no grupo intervenção. O uso referido dos alimentos recomendados foi maior no grupo intervenção. O aporte diário de lipídeos, calorias e zinco foi maior no grupo intervenção. As crianças de 12 meses ou mais apresentaram ganhos significativos no peso e diferenças positivas, embora não significativas, em comprimento. O treinamento em aconselhamento nutricional melhorou o desempenho dos médicos, as práticas maternas, as dietas e o crescimento das crianças. O desenho randomizado com avaliação cega do desfecho sugere fortemente uma associação causal. A randomized trial was implemented to assess the impact of the nutrition counseling component of the Integrated Management of Childhood Illnesses (WHO/UNICEF) strategy on child growth. All 28 government health centers in a southern Brazilian city were paired according to baseline nutritional indicators. One center from each pair was randomly selected and its doctors received a 20-hour training on nutrition counseling. Thirty-three doctors were included, and 12-13 patients under 18 months of age from each doctor were recruited. The study included testing the knowledge of doctors, observing consultations and visiting the children at home 8, 45 and 180 days after the initial consultation. Maternal awareness, practices and adherence to nutritional recommendations were assessed, and anthropometric measurements were taken. Daylong dietary intake was evaluated on a sub sample of children. Doctors in the intervention group had better knowledge of child nutrition, and improved assessment and counseling practices. Maternal recall of recommendations was higher in the intervention than in the control group, as was satisfaction with the consultation. Reported use of recommended foods was also increased. Daily fat intake was higher in the intervention than in the control group; mean daily intakes of energy and zinc also tended to improve. Children aged 12 months or older presented improved weight gains and a positive but non-significant improvement in length. Nutrition counseling training improved doctors' performances, maternal practices, and the diets and weight gain of children. The randomized design with blind outcome evaluation strongly supports a causal link.

Published
2002

41. Setting research priorities to improve global newborn health and prevent stillbirths by 2025.

Author

Sachiyo Yoshida, Martines, José, Lawn, Joy E., Wall, Stephen, Souza, Joăo Paulo, Rudan, Igor, Cousens, Simon, Aaby, Peter, Adam, Ishag, Adhikari, Ramesh Kant, Yoshida, Sachiyo, neonatal health research priority setting group, Ambalavanan, Namasivayam, Arifeen, Shams Ei, Aryal, Dhana Raj, Asiruddin, Sk, Baqui, Abdullah, Barros, Aluisio Jd, Benn, Christine S, and Bhandari, Vineet

Abstract

Background: In 2013, an estimated 2.8 million newborns died and 2.7 million were stillborn. A much greater number suffer from long term impairment associated with preterm birth, intrauterine growth restriction, congenital anomalies, and perinatal or infectious causes. With the approaching deadline for the achievement of the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) in 2015, there was a need to set the new research priorities on newborns and stillbirth with a focus not only on survival but also on health, growth and development. We therefore carried out a systematic exercise to set newborn health research priorities for 2013-2025.Methods: We used adapted Child Health and Nutrition Research Initiative (CHNRI) methods for this prioritization exercise. We identified and approached the 200 most productive researchers and 400 program experts, and 132 of them submitted research questions online. These were collated into a set of 205 research questions, sent for scoring to the 600 identified experts, and were assessed and scored by 91 experts.Results: Nine out of top ten identified priorities were in the domain of research on improving delivery of known interventions, with simplified neonatal resuscitation program and clinical algorithms and improved skills of community health workers leading the list. The top 10 priorities in the domain of development were led by ideas on improved Kangaroo Mother Care at community level, how to improve the accuracy of diagnosis by community health workers, and perinatal audits. The 10 leading priorities for discovery research focused on stable surfactant with novel modes of administration for preterm babies, ability to diagnose fetal distress and novel tocolytic agents to delay or stop preterm labour.Conclusion: These findings will assist both donors and researchers in supporting and conducting research to close the knowledge gaps for reducing neonatal mortality, morbidity and long term impairment. WHO, SNL and other partners will work to generate interest among key national stakeholders, governments, NGOs, and research institutes in these priorities, while encouraging research funders to support them. We will track research funding, relevant requests for proposals and trial registers to monitor if the priorities identified by this exercise are being addressed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2016
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49. Foreword

Author

de Benoist, Bruno, primary, Martines, José, additional, and Goodman, Tracey, additional

Published
2001
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