Author: "Martina Brunner" - Searchworks@Jio Institute Digital Library Search Results

Your search keyword '"Martina Brunner"' showing total 472 results

Start Over Author "Martina Brunner"

472 results on '"Martina Brunner"'

1. Impact of a Single 36 Hours Prolonged Fasting Period in Adults With Type 1 Diabetes – A Cross-Over Controlled Trial

Author: Othmar Moser, Max L. Eckstein, Alexander Mueller, Norbert J. Tripolt, Hakan Yildirim, Farah Abbas, Peter N. Pferschy, Nandu Goswami, Felix Aberer, Anna Obermayer, Thomas R. Pieber, Harald Kojzar, Caren Sourij, Martina Brunner, Tobias Niedrist, Markus Herrmann, and Harald Sourij
Subjects: fasting, type 1 diabetes, CGM, safety, OGTT (oral glucose tolerance test), Diseases of the endocrine glands. Clinical endocrinology, RC648-665
Abstract: Prolonged fasting has shown beneficial effects in healthy individuals and in people with chronic diseases. In type 1 diabetes, the effect or even the feasibility of fasting is unclear. We aimed to assess the impact and safety of prolonged fasting in adults with type 1 diabetes. Glycemia was assessed during overnight fasting (12 hours) vs. prolonged fasting (36 hours) via an intermittently-scanned continuous glucose monitoring system. Anthropometric data, metabolic and hormonal markers were compared between both trial arms. After each fasting period, a 75 g oral glucose tolerance test was performed and plasma glucose levels and hormones were assessed. Data were compared via paired t-tests and mixed-model regressions (p ≤ 0.05). Twenty individuals with type 1 diabetes (7 females) with a mean ± SD age of 35 ± 11 years, body mass index (BMI) 24.8 ± 2.8 kg/m2 and HbA1c 54 ± 7 mmol/mol were included. Hypoglycemia/hour (70 mg/dL;
Published: 2021
Full Text: View/download PDF

2. Assessment of Two Different Glucagon Assays in Healthy Individuals and Type 1 and Type 2 Diabetes Patients

Author: Martina Brunner, Othmar Moser, Reingard Raml, Maximilian Haberlander, Beate Boulgaropoulos, Barbara Obermayer-Pietsch, Eva Svehlikova, Thomas R. Pieber, and Harald Sourij
Subjects: glucagon assay, glucagon, ELISA, RIA, type 1 diabetes mellitus, type 2 diabetes mellitus, Microbiology, QR1-502
Abstract: Methods for glucagon analysis suffered in the past from lack of specificity and a narrow sensitivity range, which has led to inaccurate results and to the suggestion that type 1 diabetes (T1D) and type 2 diabetes (T2D) patients have elevated fasting glucagon levels. However, the availability of more specific and more sensitive methods to detect intact glucagon has shown that actual glucagon levels are lower than previously assumed. This study aimed to characterize fasting plasma glucagon levels in healthy individuals and T1D and T2D patients with two different glucagon assays. The study included 20 healthy individuals, 20 T1D and 20 T2D patients. Blood was collected under fasting conditions. A double-antibody sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and a conventional radioimmunoassay (RIA) were used. A significant difference in fasting glucagon levels between healthy individuals and T2D was observed by ELISA, but not by RIA. ELISA also yielded lower glucagon levels in healthy individuals than in T1D and T2D patients which RIA did not. RIA produced significantly (p = 0.0001) higher overall median glucagon values than ELISA in a pooled analysis. These results underline the notion that the choice of selective laboratory methods is highly relevant for mechanistic endocrine research.
Published: 2022
Full Text: View/download PDF

3. EndoBarrier™ Implantation Rapidly Improves Insulin Sensitivity in Obese Individuals with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Author: Anna Obermayer, Norbert J. Tripolt, Faisal Aziz, Christoph Högenauer, Felix Aberer, Florian Schreiber, Andreas Eherer, Caren Sourij, Vanessa Stadlbauer, Eva Svehlikova, Martina Brunner, Nandu Goswami, Harald Kojzar, Peter N. Pferschy, Thomas R. Pieber, and Harald Sourij
Subjects: EndoBarrier™, obesity, duodenal-jejunal bypass liner, type 2 diabetes mellitus, Botnia clamp, Microbiology, QR1-502
Abstract: The EndoBarrier™ medical device is a duodenal-jejunal bypass liner designed to mimic the effects of gastric bypass surgery to induce weight loss and glycaemic improvement. In this study, 10 participants with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), a mean body mass index (BMI) of 43.3 ± 5.0 (kg/m2) and a mean glycated haemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) of 60.6 ± 8.6 mmol/mol were examined at baseline (before implantation of EndoBarrier™), 4 weeks after implantation, at 36 weeks (right before explantation) and 24 weeks after the removal of the device to explore the short and long-term effects on glucose metabolism. Besides a significant reduction in body weight and fat mass, EndoBarrier™ treatment significantly improved insulin sensitivity during Botnia clamp investigations after four weeks of implantation. The beneficial effects decreased over time but remained significant 24 weeks after removal of the device.
Published: 2021
Full Text: View/download PDF

4. Exacerbation of Darier Disease under Interferon-α-2a Therapy with Clinical Signs of Lichen Nitidus

Author: Ioannis Karagiannidis, Martina Brunner, and Christos C. Zouboulis
Subjects: Darier disease, Interferon-α, Lichen nitidus, Psoriasis vulgaris, Dermatology, RL1-803
Abstract: Darier disease/dyskeratosis follicularis is a genodermatosis characterized by brown, oily keratotic papules and plaques in the seborrheic areas of the face and chest. Responsible for the disease are mutations in the ATP2A2 gene, encoding SERCA2, a calcium pump of the sarco-/endoplasmic reticulum. Mechanical trauma, heat, humidity, ultraviolet B radiation, oral corticosteroids and lithium are known trigger factors of the disorder. We report on a 48-year-old German woman with a flare-up of Darier disease under interferon-α-2a (IFNα-2a) therapy with clinical signs of lichen nitidus. Due to the fulminant course of the eruption, we suspected IFNα as a possible trigger. To our knowledge there are no reports regarding exacerbation of Darier disease during IFNα therapy. Possible pathogenetic mechanisms are being discussed.
Published: 2016
Full Text: View/download PDF

5. Multiple HPV-Induced Squamous Cell Carcinomas on the Fingers of a Patient with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus: A Case and Review

Author: Georgios Nikolakis, Ioannis Karagiannidis, Vasiliki A. Zampeli, Andreas Altenburg, Martina Brunner, and Christos C. Zouboulis
Subjects: Human papilloma virus, Lupus erythematosus, Squamous cell carcinoma, HPV-33, Dermatology, RL1-803
Abstract: Human papilloma virus (HPV) infection is documented to be involved in the development of epithelial malignancies, mostly in cervical cancer. Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients have an increased prevalence of such an infection. We report the case of a 55-year-old female SLE patient who developed multiple in situ squamous cell carcinomas on her fingers, after chronic HPV infection. HPV-33 DNA was isolated from the lesions. The purpose of this case presentation is to raise awareness about HPV-induced malignancies for this high-risk group and propose an early HPV vaccination to efficiently prevent such comorbidities.
Published: 2015
Full Text: View/download PDF

6. Determination of Oxidized Phosphatidylcholines by Hydrophilic Interaction Liquid Chromatography Coupled to Fourier Transform Mass Spectrometry

Author: Pia Sala, Sandra Pötz, Martina Brunner, Martin Trötzmüller, Alexander Fauland, Alexander Triebl, Jürgen Hartler, Ernst Lankmayr, and Harald C. Köfeler
Subjects: fourier transform orbitrap mass spectrometry, hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography, oxidized low density lipoprotein, oxidized phospholipids, LC-MS, Biology (General), QH301-705.5, Chemistry, QD1-999
Abstract: A novel liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) approach for analysis of oxidized phosphatidylcholines by an Orbitrap Fourier Transform mass spectrometer in positive electrospray ionization (ESI) coupled to hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography (HILIC) was developed. This method depends on three selectivity criteria for separation and identification: retention time, exact mass at a resolution of 100,000 and collision induced dissociation (CID) fragment spectra in a linear ion trap. The process of chromatography development showed the best separation properties with a silica-based Kinetex column. This type of chromatography was able to separate all major lipid classes expected in mammalian samples, yielding increased sensitivity of oxidized phosphatidylcholines over reversed phase chromatography. Identification of molecular species was achieved by exact mass on intact molecular ions and CID tandem mass spectra containing characteristic fragments. Due to a lack of commercially available standards, method development was performed with copper induced oxidation products of palmitoyl-arachidonoyl-phosphatidylcholine, which resulted in a plethora of lipid species oxidized at the arachidonoyl moiety. Validation of the method was done with copper oxidized human low-density lipoprotein (LDL) prepared by ultracentrifugation. In these LDL samples we could identify 46 oxidized molecular phosphatidylcholine species out of 99 possible candidates.
Published: 2015
Full Text: View/download PDF

7. Spinal Arachnoiditis Ossificans: A Case-Based Update

Author: Sandro Eustacchio, Anna Martina Brunner, Senta Kurschel-Lackner, and Marlene Leoni
Subjects: spinal surgery, medicine.medical_specialty, RD1-811, Nerve root, business.industry, Case Report, Cauda equina syndrome, medicine.disease, Surgery, Yellow bone marrow, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Normal bone, arachnoiditis ossificans, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, SPINAL ARACHNOIDITIS, medicine, Arachnoiditis, business, cauda equina syndrome, yellow bone marrow, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, Exploratory surgery, Rare disease
Abstract: Arachnoiditis ossificans is a rare disease, characterized by intradural ossifications, representing the end stage of chronic adhesive arachnoiditis. We describe the case of a 55-year-old patient who developed symptoms of a cauda equina syndrome after an open microdiscectomy at the L5 to S1 segment. A subsequent exploratory surgery revealed an intradural concentric bony structure with partly incorporated and partly adherent nerve roots. A partial removal of the intradural calcifications was performed. Postoperatively, the patient showed neurological improvement. The removed intradural calcifications were submitted for histological analysis and proved to be normal bone tissue, notably containing yellow bone marrow. To our knowledge, the presence of yellow bone marrow within bony cavities of arachnoiditis ossificans has not previously been reported.
Published: 2021

8. [Cutaneous leishmaniasis in Germany-still a travel-related disease]

Author: Joud, Talas, Katarzyna, Mielcarek, Jim, Wu, Martina, Brunner, Matthias, Steinhoff, and Christos C, Zouboulis
Subjects: Leishmania, Travel, Germany, Humans, Leishmaniasis, Cutaneous, Female, Travel-Related Illness, Leishmaniasis
Abstract: Cutaneous leishmaniasis is an infectious disease caused by several Leishmania species. It is transmitted to humans by the bite of the infected female phlebotomus sandfly. Today, more than 1 billion people in leishmaniasis endemic areas are at risk of infection. More than 1.5 million new cases of cutaneous leishmaniasis occur every year. On the basis of two cases, we show that cutaneous leishmaniasis is still an imported tropical disease in Germany. However, due to the increasing intercontinental travel, cases may increase. Therefore, cutaneous leishmaniasis should be considered in the differential diagnosis in patients with nonhealing wounds, ulcers, papules or nodules and the corresponding travel history.Die kutane Leishmaniasis ist eine infektiöse Erkrankung, die durch verschiedene Leishmanien-Spezies verursacht wird. Die Übertragung erfolgt durch den Stich einer weiblichen Sandmücke der Gattung Phlebotomus. Heute sind mehr als eine Milliarde Menschen in endemischen Gebieten einem Infektionsrisiko ausgesetzt, jährlich treten etwa 1,5 Mio. neue Fälle der kutanen Leishmaniasis auf. Anhand von 2 Fällen zeigen wir, dass diese in Deutschland weiterhin als bedeutende importierte Tropenerkrankung gilt. Mit der Zunahme des interkontinentalen Reiseverkehrs geht eine steigende Inzidenz der Leishmaniasis hierzulande einher. Deshalb muss die kutane Leishmaniasis bei nichtheilenden Wunden, Ulzera, Papeln oder Knoten und einer entsprechenden Reiseanamnese als Differenzialdiagnose berücksichtigt werden.
Published: 2021

9. Effect of Liraglutide Treatment on Whole-body Glucose Fluxes in C-peptide-Positive Type 1 Diabetes During Hypoglycemia

Author: Sabine Zenz, Werner Regittnig, Beate Boulgaropoulos, Thomas Augustin, Martina Brunner, Stefan Korsatko, Julia Münzker, Sophie H Narath, Reingard Raml, Christoph Magnes, and Thomas R Pieber
Subjects: Blood Glucose, Glycated Hemoglobin, Cross-Over Studies, C-Peptide, Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Biochemistry (medical), Clinical Biochemistry, Liraglutide, Biochemistry, Hypoglycemia, Endocrinology, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1, Glucose, Treatment Outcome, Double-Blind Method, Humans, Hypoglycemic Agents
Abstract: Context The effect of liraglutide in C-peptide–positive (C-pos) type 1 diabetes (T1D) patients during hypoglycemia remains unclear. Objective To investigate the effect of a 12-week liraglutide treatment on the body glucose fluxes during a hypoglycemic clamp in C-pos T1D patients and its impact on the alpha- and beta-cell responses during hypoglycemia. Design This was a randomized, double-blind, crossover study. Each C-pos T1D patient was allocated to the treatment sequence liraglutide/placebo or placebo/liraglutide with daily injections for 12 weeks adjunct to insulin treatment, separated by a 4-week washout period. Setting and Participants Fourteen T1D patients with fasting C-peptide ≥ 0.1 nmol/L. Intervention(s) All patients underwent a hyperinsulinemic-stepwise-hypoglycemic clamp with isotope tracer [plasma glucose (PG) plateaus: 5.5, 3.5, 2.5, and 3.9 mmol/L] after a 3-month liraglutide (1.2 mg) or placebo treatment. Main Outcome Measure(s) The responses of endogenous glucose production (EGP) and rate of peripheral glucose disposal (Rd) were similar for liraglutide and placebo treatment during the clamp. Results The numbers of hypoglycemic events were similar in both groups. At the clamp, mean glucagon levels were significantly lower at PG plateau 5.5 mmol/L in the liraglutide than in the placebo group but showed similar responses to hypoglycemia in both groups. Mean C-peptide levels were significantly higher at PG-plateaus 5.5 and 3.5 mmol/L after liraglutide treatment, but this effect was not reflected in EGP and Rd. Hemoglobin A1c and body weight were lower, and a trend for reduced insulin was seen after liraglutide treatment. Conclusions The results indicate that 3 months of liraglutide treatment does not promote or prolong hypoglycemia in C-pos T1D patients.
Published: 2021

10. EndoBarrier™ Implantation Rapidly Improves Insulin Sensitivity in Obese Individuals with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Author: Peter N. Pferschy, Caren Sourij, F. Schreiber, Eva Svehlikova, Anna Obermayer, Harald Sourij, Vanessa Stadlbauer, Martina Brunner, Christoph Högenauer, Faisal Aziz, Nandu Goswami, Harald Kojzar, Felix Aberer, Andreas Eherer, Thomas R. Pieber, and Norbert J. Tripolt
Subjects: Adult, Blood Glucose, Male, medicine.medical_specialty, obesity, type 2 diabetes mellitus, lcsh:QR1-502, Urology, Bariatric Surgery, 030209 endocrinology & metabolism, Carbohydrate metabolism, medicine.disease_cause, Biochemistry, lcsh:Microbiology, Article, Duodenal-jejunal bypass liner, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Weight loss, Weight Loss, EndoBarrier™, Humans, Medicine, 030212 general & internal medicine, Molecular Biology, Adiposity, Glycated Hemoglobin, business.industry, Gastric bypass surgery, Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus, Prostheses and Implants, Middle Aged, medicine.disease, Obesity, Jejunum, Clamp, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2, Botnia clamp, Female, Insulin Resistance, medicine.symptom, business, Body mass index, duodenal-jejunal bypass liner
Abstract: The EndoBarrier™ medical device is a duodenal-jejunal bypass liner designed to mimic the effects of gastric bypass surgery to induce weight loss and glycaemic improvement. In this study, 10 participants with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), a mean body mass index (BMI) of 43.3 ± 5.0 (kg/m2) and a mean glycated haemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) of 60.6 ± 8.6 mmol/mol were examined at baseline (before implantation of EndoBarrier™), 4 weeks after implantation, at 36 weeks (right before explantation) and 24 weeks after the removal of the device to explore the short and long-term effects on glucose metabolism. Besides a significant reduction in body weight and fat mass, EndoBarrier™ treatment significantly improved insulin sensitivity during Botnia clamp investigations after four weeks of implantation. The beneficial effects decreased over time but remained significant 24 weeks after removal of the device.
Published: 2021

11. Fast‐acting insulin aspart in people with type 2 diabetes: Earlier onset and greater initial exposure and glucose‐lowering effect compared with insulin aspart

Author: Inge B. Halberg, Hanne Haahr, Thomas R. Pieber, Martina Brunner, Eva Svehlikova, and Karen Margrete Due Thomsen
Subjects: Blood Glucose, Male, Time Factors, endocrine system diseases, Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, 030209 endocrinology & metabolism, phase I‐II study, Type 2 diabetes, 030204 cardiovascular system & hematology, Insulin aspart, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Endocrinology, Insulin Infusion Systems, Pharmacokinetics, Double-Blind Method, Internal Medicine, medicine, pharmacodynamics, Humans, Hypoglycemic Agents, Insulin Aspart, Aged, Type 1 diabetes, Cross-Over Studies, business.industry, nutritional and metabolic diseases, clinical trial, Original Articles, Middle Aged, medicine.disease, Crossover study, Confidence interval, Treatment Outcome, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2, Anesthesia, Pharmacodynamics, insulin therapy, Glucose Clamp Technique, Original Article, Female, Onset of action, type 2 diabetes, business, pharmacokinetics, medicine.drug
Abstract: Aims To investigate the pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic properties of fast‐acting insulin aspart (faster aspart) versus insulin aspart (IAsp) in people with type 2 diabetes (T2D). Materials and methods In a randomized, double‐blind, crossover design, 61 people with T2D usually treated with insulin ± oral antidiabetic drug(s) received single‐dose faster aspart and IAsp (0.3 U/kg) on separate visits. Blood samples for pharmacokinetic assessment were collected frequently until 12 hours post‐dose. Glucose‐lowering effect was determined in a euglycaemic clamp lasting up to 12 hours post‐dose (target 5.0 mmol/L). Results The serum IAsp pharmacokinetic profile and glucose‐lowering effect profile were shifted to the left for faster aspart versus IAsp. Least squares mean (± SE) onset of appearance was 3.3 ± 0.3 minutes for faster aspart, which was 1.2 minutes earlier than for IAsp (95% confidence interval [CI] −1.8;−0.5; P = .001). Onset of action for faster aspart was 8.9 minutes earlier (95% CI −12.1;−5.7; P
Published: 2019

12. [Persistent, unilateral eczema of the nipple in a man]

Author: Aristeidis G, Vaiopoulos, Georgios, Nikolakis, Martina, Brunner, Andreas, Altenburg, and Christos C, Zouboulis
Subjects: Male, Biopsy, Nipples, Eczema, Humans, Breast Neoplasms, Mastectomy, Aged
Abstract: A 69-year-old man presented with a 12-month history of unilateral eczematous changes of the left nipple and areola without any signs of systemic inflammation. His main complaints were mild, intermittent itching, and occasionally local pain or burning. An external initial treatment with topical corticosteroids combined with disinfectants/antibiotics did not lead to an improvement. Triggering factors or any other conditions that could affect the diagnosis could not be detected. Histopathological examination of a biopsy from the left nipple performed at admission confirmed the suspected diagnosis of Paget disease. Radical left breast mastectomy was performed and the patient is under regular follow-up.Ein 69-jähriger Patient stellte sich mit einer 12-monatigen Anamnese von einseitigen ekzematösen Veränderungen der linken Brustwarze und des Warzenhofs ohne systemische Entzündungszeichen vor. Seine Hauptsymptome waren milder, zeitweiliger Juckreiz und gelegentlich lokale Schmerzen oder Brennen. Eine externe Erstbehandlung mit topischen Kortikosteroiden in Kombination mit Desinfektionsmitteln/Antibiotika führte zu keiner Besserung. Auslösende Faktoren oder andere Zustände, die die Diagnose beeinflussen könnten, konnten nicht eruiert werden. Die histologische Untersuchung der bei der Aufnahme durchgeführten Biopsie aus der linken Brustwarze bestätigte die Verdachtsdiagnose eines Morbus Paget. Eine radikale linke Mastektomie wurde durchgeführt, und der Patient befindet sich in regelmäßiger Nachsorge.
Published: 2020

13. 712-P: Safety and Efficacy of 36 Hours Prolonged Fasting on Glucose Metabolism in People with Type 1 Diabetes: A Crossover Trial

Author: Caren Sourij, Alexander Mueller, Harald Kojzar, Julia K. Mader, Othmar Moser, Peter N. Pferschy, Norbert J. Tripolt, Anna Obermayer, Martina Brunner, Hakan Yildirim, Harald Sourij, and Max L. Eckstein
Subjects: medicine.medical_specialty, Type 1 diabetes, business.industry, Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Area under the curve, Hypoglycemic episodes, Hypoglycemia, Carbohydrate metabolism, medicine.disease, Crossover study, Diabetes mellitus, Internal medicine, Internal Medicine, medicine, business, Metabolic health
Abstract: Evidence is accumulating that prolonged fasting (PL) might evoke improvements in metabolic health. Since fasting is accompanied by numerous endogenous processes to equilibrate blood glucose concentration, its feasibility is disputable in people with type 1 diabetes (PWT1D). We aimed to assess the safety and efficacy of PL in c-peptide negative (^< 0.9 ng/mL) PWT1D. Methods: Glucose metabolism was assessed during the fasting period (CGM) and via a 75 g OGTT accompanied with the same bolus insulin dose after 12 (shortF) and 36 hours of fasting (longF). Area under the curve (AUC) was calculated following the trapezoidal rule. Safety was assessed by the number of hypoglycemic episodes (< 70 mg/dL) during fasting. Data were analysed using a paired sample t-test or Mann-Whitney-U-test (p≤0.05). Results: In total, 17 PWT1D (6 women, aged 37 ± 11 years, BMI 24.9 ± 2.9 kg/m2, 10 MDI) were included. 13 episodes of mild hypoglycemia occurred in 9 participants during the shortF versus 27 in 15 participants during the longF. Incidence of hypoglycemia per hour was similar in both arms (median [IQR] shortF: 0.08 [0 - 0.08] vs. longF: 0.06 [0.03 - 0.07], p=0.62). Conclusion: PL did not increase the risk of hypoglycemia in PWT1D. Intriguingly, the AUC for glucagon was significantly higher after longF compared to shortF, potentially explaining the numerically lower number of hypoglycemic events during longF. Disclosure O. Moser: Other Relationship; Self; Dexcom, Inc., Novo Nordisk A/S, Sanofi. N.J. Tripolt: None. P.N. Pferschy: None. A. Obermayer: None. H. Kojzar: None. J.K. Mader: Advisory Panel; Self; Becton, Dickinson and Company, Eli Lilly and Company, Medtronic, Prediktor Medical, Sanofi-Aventis. Speaker’s Bureau; Self; Abbott, Eli Lilly and Company, Medtronic, Novo Nordisk A/S, Roche Diabetes Care, Sanofi-Aventis. M. Brunner: None. A. Mueller: None. H. Yildirim: None. C. Sourij: None. M.L. Eckstein: Research Support; Self; Dexcom, Inc., Novo Nordisk A/S, Sanofi-Aventis. H. Sourij: Advisory Panel; Self; Amgen, AstraZeneca, Boehringer Ingelheim International GmbH, Merck Sharp & Dohme Corp., Novo Nordisk A/S, Sanofi. Research Support; Self; Boehringer Ingelheim International GmbH, Merck Sharp & Dohme Corp., Novo Nordisk A/S, Sanofi. Speaker’s Bureau; Self; Boehringer Ingelheim International GmbH, Novo Nordisk A/S, Sanofi.
Published: 2020

14. 25-OR: Acid–Base Changes during Diabetic Ketoacidosis (DKA) in T1DM with and without SGLT2 Inhibitor (SGLT2i)

Author: Martina Brunner, Thomas Augustin, Michael M. Wolf, Anita Eberl, Oliver Klein, Eva Svehlikova, Tim Heise, Ines Mursic, Christoph Magnes, Thomas R. Pieber, Harald Sourij, Martina Urschitz, and Werner Regittnig
Subjects: Gynecology, Plasma glucose, medicine.medical_specialty, Diabetic ketoacidosis, business.industry, Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Insulin, medicine.medical_treatment, medicine.disease, Treatment period, Internal Medicine, medicine, Base excess, business, Recovery phase
Abstract: Objectives: To evaluate the effect of SGLT2i on the development of DKA during insulin depletion in T1DM. Methods: Sixteen male, C-peptide negative T1DM subjects were enrolled in this open, randomized, crossover, bicentric trial with two 7-day treatment periods (with/without SGLT2i). At the end of each treatment period, insulin was withdrawn for a maximum of 12h, followed by recovery phase (12h). Results: SGLT2i led to significantly lower plasma glucose (PG) values during insulin depletion (PGmax with/without SGLT2i: 174±40 (mean±SD) vs. 302±48 mg/dL; 95% CI for ratio: 0.51-0.60), but to higher beta-hydroxybutyrate (BHB) values (Figure) and a steeper BHB increase (delta BHB: 8.1±2.0 vs. 6.0±1.7 µmol/L/min; 95% CI for ratio: 1.22-1.49). pH, bicarbonate and base excess during insulin depletion were comparable. Baseline glucagon (7.8±2.5 vs. 5.0±1.6 pmol/L; 95% CI for ratio: 1.26-1.95) and FFA levels (0.65±0.27 vs. 0.43±0.31 mmol/L; 95% CI for ratio: 1.08-2.28) were higher with SGLT2i, but data indicate that after increase during insulin depletion comparable concentrations were reached for both. Conclusions: SGLT2i keeps PG in near normal ranges during DKA development and recovery, potentially impeding DKA diagnosis. While SGLT2i leads to higher ketone levels, increased baseline glucagon and FFA, an effect on pH and acidosis was not demonstrated. Disclosure I. Mursic: None. E. Svehlikova: None. W. Regittnig: None. T. Augustin: None. C. Magnes: None. A. Eberl: None. T. Heise: Advisory Panel; Self; Mylan, Novo Nordisk A/S. Research Support; Self; ADOCIA, Aerami, Becton, Dickinson and Company, Biocon, Boehringer Ingelheim International GmbH, Eli Lilly and Company, Gan & Lee Pharmaceuticals, MedImmune, Merck KGaA, Mylan, Nordic Bioscience, Novo Nordisk A/S, Poxel SA, Sanofi, Xeris Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Zealand Pharma A/S. Speaker’s Bureau; Self; Eli Lilly and Company, Novo Nordisk A/S. O. Klein: None. M. Wolf: None. M. Urschitz: None. M. Brunner: None. H. Sourij: Advisory Panel; Self; Amgen, AstraZeneca, Boehringer Ingelheim International GmbH, Merck Sharp & Dohme Corp., Novo Nordisk A/S, Sanofi. Research Support; Self; Boehringer Ingelheim International GmbH, Merck Sharp & Dohme Corp., Novo Nordisk A/S, Sanofi. Speaker’s Bureau; Self; Boehringer Ingelheim International GmbH, Novo Nordisk A/S, Sanofi. T. Pieber: Advisory Panel; Self; ADOCIA, Arecor, AstraZeneca, Eli Lilly and Company, Novo Nordisk A/S, Sanofi. Research Support; Self; AstraZeneca, Novo Nordisk A/S. Speaker’s Bureau; Self; Novo Nordisk A/S, Roche Diagnostics K.K.
Published: 2020

15. Effect of once‐weekly semaglutide on the counterregulatory response to hypoglycaemia in people with type 2 diabetes: A randomized, placebo‐controlled, double‐blind, crossover trial

Author: Stefanie Sach-Friedl, Maja D. Tarp, Anders G. Holst, Thomas R. Pieber, Lene Jensen, Stefan Korsatko, Simon Heller, and Martina Brunner
Subjects: Adult, Blood Glucose, Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Glucagon-Like Peptides, 030209 endocrinology & metabolism, Type 2 diabetes, Placebo, Glucagon, Drug Administration Schedule, Placebos, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Endocrinology, Double-Blind Method, GLP‐1 analogue, Internal medicine, Internal Medicine, Clinical endpoint, Humans, Medicine, 030212 general & internal medicine, Cross-Over Studies, business.industry, Semaglutide, Original Articles, Middle Aged, medicine.disease, Crossover study, Hypoglycemia, Confidence interval, Metformin, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2, Original Article, Female, type 2 diabetes, business, GLP‐1, hypoglycaemia, medicine.drug
Abstract: Aims To investigate the effects of semaglutide vs placebo on glucagon and other counterregulatory hormones during hypoglycaemia in type 2 diabetes (T2D). Methods In this double-blind, placebo-controlled, single-centre trial, we randomized 38 men and women (treated only with metformin) 1:1 to 2 12-week crossover periods of once-weekly subcutaneous semaglutide or placebo, each followed by a hypoglycaemic clamp procedure. The primary endpoint was change in glucagon concentration from target plasma glucose (PG) level 5.5 mmol/L to nadir (target 2.5 mmol/L). Results The mean (range) participant age was 54.2 (41-64) years, body mass index 29.4 (23.3-36.1) kg/m2 , glycated haemoglobin 60.8 (44.3-83.6) mmol/mol (7.7 [6.2-9.8]%), and diabetes duration 4.5 (0.3-13.2) years. A total of 35 participants completed the trial and were included in the analyses. During the hypoglycaemic clamp from 5.5 mmol/L PG to nadir, the absolute change in mean glucagon concentration was similar for semaglutide vs placebo: 88.3 vs 83.1 pg/mL (estimated difference 5.2 pg/mL [95% confidence interval -7.7 to 18.1]). Concentrations of other counterregulatory hormones increased with both treatments, with a statistically significantly lower increase for noradrenaline and cortisol with semaglutide vs placebo. The glucose infusion rate to maintain constant clamp levels was similar for each treatment group, suggesting an overall similar counterregulatory response. The mean hypoglycaemic symptom score and proportion of participants recognizing hypoglycaemia during the study were lower for semaglutide vs placebo treatment at nadir, but cognitive function test results were similar. No new safety issues were observed for semaglutide. Conclusions Semaglutide treatment did not compromise the counterregulatory glucagon response during experimental hypoglycaemia in people with T2D.
Published: 2018

16. Author response for 'Hypoglycaemia leads to a delayed increase in platelet and coagulation activation markers in people with type 2 diabetes treated with metformin only: Results from a stepwise hypoglycaemic clamp study'

Author: null Felix Aberer, null Peter N. Pferschy, null Norbert J. Tripolt, null Caren Sourij, null Anna Maria Obermayer, null Florian Prüller, null Eva Novak, null Philipp Reitbauer, null Harald Kojzar, null Barbara Prietl, null Selina Kofler, null Martina Brunner, null Eva Svehlikova, null Tatjana Stojakovic, null Hubert Scharnagl, null Abderrahim Oulhaj, null Faisal Aziz, null Regina Riedl, and null Harald Sourij
Published: 2019

17. 116-OR: Hypoglycemia Leads to a Delayed Increase in Platelet and Coagulation Markers in Subjects with Type 2 Diabetes Treated with Metformin Only—Results from an Experimental Stepwise Hypoglycemic Clamp Study

Author: Norbert J. Tripolt, Abderrahim Oulhaj, Philipp Reitbauer, Martina Brunner, Regina Riedl, Barbara Prietl, Harald Kojzar, Selina Kofler, Felix Aberer, Eva Novak, Faisal Aziz, Tatjana Stojakovic, Florian Prüller, Anna Obermayer, Peter N. Pferschy, Harald Sourij, Hubert Scharnagl, and Caren Sourij
Subjects: medicine.medical_specialty, business.industry, Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Type 2 diabetes, Hypoglycemia, medicine.disease, Gastroenterology, Metformin, Increased risk, Clamp, Coagulation, Internal medicine, Internal Medicine, medicine, Platelet, Platelet activation, business, medicine.drug
Abstract: Objective: Although hypoglycemia is associated with increased risk for subsequent cardiovascular events, experimental data investigating the effect of hypoglycemia on coagulation and platelet activation in type 2 diabetes are limited. Research Design and Methods: This monocentric, open, single arm, trial included 14 subjects with type 2 diabetes (10 male/4 female, age 55±7 years, HbA1c 51±7 mmol/mol, diabetes duration 5±4 years) and metformin treatment only. A stepwise hyperinsulinemic hypoglycemic clamp was performed, aiming to investigate parameters of platelet function during predefined plateaus of hypoglycemia (at 63 and 45 mg/dl, for 30 minutes respectively), 24 hours and 7 days later. Additionally, all subjects underwent a hyperinsulinemic euglycemic clamp experiment. Results: While platelet activation assessed by light transmittance aggregometry did not significantly increase following a hypoglycemic clamp, flow cytometry based platelet activation assessment demonstrated a significant increase 24 hours (PAC1CD62PCD63pos p Conclusions: One single event of insulin induced hypoglycemia led to an increase in markers of platelet activation and coagulation, however, the activation occurred with a delay and was evident 24 hours and 7 days after the actual hypoglycemia. Disclosure F. Aberer: None. P.N. Pferschy: None. N.J. Tripolt: None. C. Sourij: None. H. Kojzar: None. B. Prietl: None. S. Kofler: None. M. Brunner: None. R. Riedl: None. E. Novak: None. A.M. Obermayer: None. P. Reitbauer: None. T. Stojakovic: None. F. Aziz: None. A. Oulhaj: None. F. Pruller: None. H. Scharnagl: Research Support; Self; Abbott, Amgen Inc. Speaker's Bureau; Self; Sanofi-Aventis Deutschland GmbH. H. Sourij: Advisory Panel; Self; Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Merck Sharp & Dohme Corp., Novo Nordisk A/S, Sanofi-Aventis. Research Support; Self; Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Merck Sharp & Dohme Corp., Novo Nordisk A/S, Novo Nordisk A/S, Sanofi-Aventis. Speaker's Bureau; Self; Amgen Inc., AstraZeneca, Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Merck Sharp & Dohme Corp., Novo Nordisk A/S, Sanofi-Aventis.
Published: 2019

18. Hypoglycaemia leads to a delayed increase in platelet and coagulation activation markers in people with type 2 diabetes treated with metformin only: Results from a stepwise hypoglycaemic clamp study

Author: Hubert Scharnagl, Florian Prüller, Harald Kojzar, Philipp Reitbauer, Martina Brunner, Eva Novak, Peter N. Pferschy, Caren Sourij, Abderrahim Oulhaj, Tatjana Stojakovic, Norbert J. Tripolt, Anna Obermayer, Selina Kofler, Eva Svehlikova, Harald Sourij, Faisal Aziz, Barbara Prietl, Felix Aberer, and Regina Riedl
Subjects: Adult, Male, medicine.medical_specialty, clamp, Time Factors, Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, 030209 endocrinology & metabolism, hypoglycaemic clamp, Type 2 diabetes, 030204 cardiovascular system & hematology, Fibrinogen, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Endocrinology, Internal medicine, Internal Medicine, medicine, Humans, Platelet, Platelet activation, coagulation, Blood Coagulation, business.industry, Original Articles, Middle Aged, medicine.disease, Platelet Activation, Hypoglycemia, Metformin, Clamp, Coagulation, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2, Glucose Clamp Technique, Female, Original Article, Blood Coagulation Tests, type 2 diabetes, business, Plasminogen activator, Biomarkers, medicine.drug, hypoglycaemia
Abstract: AIMS To investigate the effect of hypoglycaemia on platelet and coagulation activation in people with type 2 diabetes. MATERIALS AND METHODS This monocentric, open, single-arm, mechanistic trial included 14 people with established type 2 diabetes (four women, 10 men, age 55 ± 7 years, glycated haemoglobin concentration 51 ± 7 mmol/mol) receiving metformin monotherapy. A stepwise hyperinsulinaemic-hypoglycaemic clamp experiment (3.5 and 2.5 mmol/L, for 30 minutes respectively) was performed, aiming to investigate platelet and coagulation activity during predefined plateaus of hypoglycaemia, as well as 1 day and 7 days later. RESULTS While platelet activation assessed by light transmittance aggregometry did not significantly increase after the hypoglycaemic clamp procedure, the more sensitive flow cytometry-based measurement of platelet surface activation markers showed hypoglycaemia-induced activation 24 hours (PAC1pos CD62Ppos , PAC1pos CD63Ppos and PAC1pos CD62Ppos CD63pos ; P
Published: 2019

19. [Enlarged mediastinal lymph nodes of a patient with malignant melanoma stage IV under pembrolizumab treatment]

Author: Georgios, Nikolakis, Martina, Brunner, Heike, Boye, Nicole, Arndt, Andreas, Altenburg, Aristeidis, Vaiopoulos, and Christos C, Zouboulis
Subjects: Adult, Treatment Outcome, Pulse Therapy, Drug, Humans, Lymphadenopathy, Steroids, Lymph Nodes, Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized, Melanoma
Abstract: A 40-year-old patient with malignant melanoma pT4bN0M1a stage IV (AJCC classification 2017) was treated with the PD-1/PD-L1 antibody pembrolizumab. Three months after treatment initiation the patient developed enlarged mediastinal lymph nodes despite the partial response of the cutaneous metastases. An elective lymph node extirpation was performed. The histopathological result was consistent with a sarcoid-like reaction. Treatment was discontinued and a pulse therapy with systemic steroids led to a significant remission of the lymphadenopathy. This side effect can manifest both during PD-1/PD-L1 antibody and CTLA-4 antibody therapy and should be included in the differential diagnosis of mediastinal lymphadenopathy.
Published: 2019

20. Impact of Duodeno-Jejunal Bypass Liner (EndoBarrierTM) Implantation on Insulin Sensitivity in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM): A Study Protocol for a Pilot Trial

Author: Harald Kojzar, Anna-Maria Obermayer, Felix Aberer, Harald Sourij, Jasmin Url, Vanessa Stadlbauer, F. Schreiber, Peter N. Pferschy, Thomas R. Pieber, Andreas Eherer, Eva Svehlikova, Norbert J. Tripolt, Caren Sourij, Martina Brunner, and Christoph Högenauer
Subjects: medicine.medical_specialty, Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Beta-cell function, 030209 endocrinology & metabolism, 030204 cardiovascular system & hematology, Gut flora, Gastroenterology, Duodenal-jejunal bypass liner, 03 medical and health sciences, Study Protocol, 0302 clinical medicine, Intestinal mucosa, Weight loss, Internal medicine, Diabetes mellitus, Type 2 diabetes mellitus, Internal Medicine, medicine, EndoBarrier™, Microbiome, Glycemic, biology, business.industry, Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus, biology.organism_classification, medicine.disease, Insulin sensitivity, Duodenal–jejunal bypass liner, Botnia clamp, medicine.symptom, business
Abstract: Introduction A 60-cm endoscopically implantable duodenal–jejunal bypass liner (Endobarrier™, GI Dynamics, Lexington, MA, USA) has been introduced as a therapeutic option to support weight loss for a selected group of obese subjects with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). The sleeve prevents contact between chyme and the intestinal mucosa of the upper gastrointestinal tract. The primary aim of this study is to elucidate the changes in insulin sensitivity and beta-cell function after EndoBarrier™ implantation in obese patients with T2DM; changes in gut permeability and gut microbiome are also to be examined. Methods This is an open, single-center, prospective trial in which ten obese subjects with T2DM and suboptimal glycemic control (glycosylated hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) level > 48 mmol/mol) are investigated with regards to EndoBarrier™ implantation. The Endobarrier™ is implanted shortly after baseline and left in situ for a period of 36 weeks. Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry measurement, assessment of beta-cell function and insulin sensitivity as measured by a Botnia clamp procedure, and a mixed-meal tolerance test are performed prior to implantation and at 4, 36, and 64 weeks after implantation. The composition of the gut microbiota is characterized from stool using 454 pyrosequencing of 16S rRNA genes. Gut permeability is assessed by a differential sugar absorption method. Planned outcome This study will give mechanistic insights in particulr into changes of insulin sensitivity, beta-cell function or microbiome changes over time in subjects implanted with an EndobarrierTM device. Trial registration NCT02769728, Registered 12 May 2016. Current Protocol Date/Version: 04 September 2017/Version 1.9.
Published: 2018

21. Assessment of Fasting Glucagon Levels in Subjects with Diabetes and Healthy Controls Using ELISA and RIA

Author: Martina Brunner, Robert Lipp, Thomas R. Pieber, Elisabeth Stach, Harald Sourij, Maximilian Haberlander, Barbara Obermayer-Pietsch, Katharina Eberhard, and Eva Svehlikova
Subjects: Type 1 diabetes, medicine.medical_specialty, business.industry, Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Healthy subjects, Type 2 diabetes, medicine.disease, Glucagon, Endocrinology, Pooled analysis, Internal medicine, Diabetes mellitus, Internal Medicine, medicine, Endocrine system, business, Analysis method
Abstract: Based on the lack of accurate methods for glucagon analysis, it has been suggested that glucagon levels are elevated in subjects with type 1 diabetes. The availability of more specific methods for the determination of glucagon has indicated that actual glucagon levels are lower than previously assumed. This study aimed to characterize fasting glucagon levels in subjects with type 1 diabetes (T1D) and type 2 diabetes (T2D) compared to their nondiabetic counterparts using two different assays. We recruited 20 healthy, 20 T1D and 20 T2D subjects for the trial. Glucagon samples were obtained using BD P800 blood collection tubes and measured with a double-antibody sandwich ELISA (Mercodia) and a RIA (MP Biomedicals). Using the ELISA, healthy subjects had similar glucagon levels compared to T1D. ELISA based glucagon measurements demonstrated significantly higher fasting glucagon levels in T2D as compared to healthy subjects, while RIA measurements tend to be numerically higher, albeit not statistically different (p=0.201). Median glucagon values obtained by RIA were significantly (p=0.0001) higher than those measured by ELISA in a pooled analysis. In conclusion, T2D show fasting hyperglucagonaemia, whereas T1D present with similar fasting glucagon levels compared to nondiabetic subjects. Furthermore, this study highlights the importance of selective analysis methods in endocrine research. Disclosure M. Brunner: None. M. Haberlander: None. E. Svehlikova: None. K. Eberhard: None. E. Stach: None. R. Lipp: None. B.M. Obermayer-Pietsch: None. T.R. Pieber: Consultant; Self; Arecor, AstraZeneca, Eli Lilly and Company, Novo Nordisk A/S, Sanofi. Employee; Self; CBmed. Research Support; Self; Novo Nordisk A/S, AstraZeneca. H. Sourij: Speaker's Bureau; Self; Boehringer Ingelheim GmbH, Novo Nordisk A/S, Amgen Inc., Sanofi, MSD K.K.. Research Support; Self; AstraZeneca, Boehringer Ingelheim GmbH, MSD K.K., GI Dynamics Inc..
Published: 2018

22. Determination of Oxidized Phosphatidylcholines by Hydrophilic Interaction Liquid Chromatography Coupled to Fourier Transform Mass Spectrometry

Author: Harald Köfeler, Jürgen Hartler, Pia Sala, Alexander Triebl, Martin Trötzmüller, Ernst Lankmayr, Alexander Fauland, Sandra Pötz, and Martina Brunner
Subjects: Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray Ionization, Protein mass spectrometry, Analytical chemistry, hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography, Mass spectrometry, Orbitrap, Tandem mass spectrometry, 01 natural sciences, High-performance liquid chromatography, Catalysis, Sample preparation in mass spectrometry, Article, law.invention, Inorganic Chemistry, lcsh:Chemistry, 03 medical and health sciences, Liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry, law, Tandem Mass Spectrometry, Humans, Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, fourier transform orbitrap mass spectrometry, Molecular Biology, lcsh:QH301-705.5, Spectroscopy, Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid, 030304 developmental biology, 0303 health sciences, Chromatography, Fourier Analysis, Chemistry, Hydrophilic interaction chromatography, 010401 analytical chemistry, Organic Chemistry, General Medicine, 0104 chemical sciences, Computer Science Applications, LC-MS, Lipoproteins, LDL, lcsh:Biology (General), lcsh:QD1-999, Phosphatidylcholines, lipids (amino acids, peptides, and proteins), oxidized low density lipoprotein, oxidized phospholipids, Hydrophobic and Hydrophilic Interactions, Oxidation-Reduction
Abstract: A novel liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) approach for analysis of oxidized phosphatidylcholines by an Orbitrap Fourier Transform mass spectrometer in positive electrospray ionization (ESI) coupled to hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography (HILIC) was developed. This method depends on three selectivity criteria for separation and identification: retention time, exact mass at a resolution of 100,000 and collision induced dissociation (CID) fragment spectra in a linear ion trap. The process of chromatography development showed the best separation properties with a silica-based Kinetex column. This type of chromatography was able to separate all major lipid classes expected in mammalian samples, yielding increased sensitivity of oxidized phosphatidylcholines over reversed phase chromatography. Identification of molecular species was achieved by exact mass on intact molecular ions and CID tandem mass spectra containing characteristic fragments. Due to a lack of commercially available standards, method development was performed with copper induced oxidation products of palmitoyl-arachidonoyl-phosphatidylcholine, which resulted in a plethora of lipid species oxidized at the arachidonoyl moiety. Validation of the method was done with copper oxidized human low-density lipoprotein (LDL) prepared by ultracentrifugation. In these LDL samples we could identify 46 oxidized molecular phosphatidylcholine species out of 99 possible candidates.
Published: 2015

23. Impact of C-Peptide Status on the Response of Glucagon and Endogenous Glucose Production to Induced Hypoglycemia in T1DM

Author: Werner Regittnig, Philipp Eller, Martina Brunner, Sabine Zenz, Reingard Raml, Thomas R. Pieber, Stefan Korsatko, Julia K. Mader, Sophie H. Narath, Thomas Augustin, Christoph Magnes, and Beate Boulgaropoulos
Subjects: 0301 basic medicine, Adult, Blood Glucose, Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Epinephrine, Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, medicine.medical_treatment, Clinical Biochemistry, 030209 endocrinology & metabolism, Endogeny, Context (language use), Hypoglycemia, Biochemistry, Glucagon, Drug Administration Schedule, 03 medical and health sciences, chemistry.chemical_compound, Norepinephrine, Young Adult, 0302 clinical medicine, Endocrinology, Internal medicine, Diabetes mellitus, medicine, Humans, Insulin, Type 1 diabetes, C-Peptide, business.industry, C-peptide, Biochemistry (medical), Awareness, Middle Aged, medicine.disease, 030104 developmental biology, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1, chemistry, Glucose Clamp Technique, Female, business
Abstract: Context Complete loss of β-cell function in patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) may lead to an increased risk of severe hypoglycemia. Objective We aimed to determine the impact of C-peptide status on glucagon response and endogenous glucose production (EGP) during hypoglycemia in patients with T1DM. Design and Setting We conducted an open, comparative trial. Patients Ten C-peptide positive (C-pos) and 11 matched C-peptide negative (C-neg) patients with T1DM were enrolled. Intervention Plasma glucose was normalized over the night fast, and after a steady-state (baseline) plateau all patients underwent a hyperinsulinemic, stepwise hypoglycemic clamp with glucose plateaus of 5.5, 3.5, and 2.5 mmol/L and a recovery phase of 4.0 mmol/L. Blood glucagon was measured with a specific and highly sensitive glucagon assay. EGP was determined with a stable isotope tracer technique. Main Outcome Measure Impact of C-peptide status on glucagon response and EGP during hypoglycemia. Results Glucagon concentrations were significantly lower in C-pos and C-neg patients than previously reported. At baseline, C-pos patients had higher glucagon concentrations than C-neg patients (8.39 ± 4.6 vs 4.19 ± 2.4 pmol/L, P = 0.016, mean ± standard deviation) but comparable EGP rates (2.13 ± 0.2 vs 2.04 ± 0.3 mg/kg/min, P < 0.391). In both groups, insulin suppressed glucagon levels, but hypoglycemia revealed significantly higher glucagon concentrations in C-pos than in C-neg patients. EGP was significantly higher in C-pos patients at hypoglycemia (2.5 mmol/L) compared with C-neg patients. Conclusions Glucagon concentrations and EGP during hypoglycemia were more pronounced in C-pos than in C-neg patients, which indicates that preserved β-cell function may contribute to counterregulation during hypoglycemia in patients with T1DM.
Published: 2017

24. Effet du semaglutide sur la réponse de contre-régulation hormonale à l’hypoglycémie chez les diabétiques de type 2

Author: Heller Heller, Martina Brunner, A. Gaarsdal Holst, Lene Jensen, A. Bouzidi, M. Tarp, Pierre Gourdy, Thomas R. Pieber, Stefan Korsatko, and Stefanie Sach-Friedl
Subjects: Endocrinology, Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Internal Medicine, General Medicine
Published: 2017

25. Interference with distinct steps of sphingolipid synthesis and signaling attenuates proliferation of U87MG glioma cells

Author: Eva, Bernhart, Sabine, Damm, Andrea, Wintersperger, Christoph, Nusshold, Anna Martina, Brunner, Ioanna, Plastira, Gerald, Rechberger, Helga, Reicher, Christian, Wadsack, Andreas, Zimmer, Ernst, Malle, and Wolfgang, Sattler
Subjects: p53, Sphingolipids, Brain Neoplasms, Myriocin, Proliferation, Serine C-Palmitoyltransferase, Apoptosis, Glioma, Article, Receptors, Lysosphingolipid, RNA interference, Cell Line, Tumor, Humans, Gene Silencing, ABC transporter, ComputingMethodologies_COMPUTERGRAPHICS, ATP Binding Cassette Transporter 1, Cell Proliferation, Signal Transduction
Abstract: Graphical abstract, Glioblastoma is the most common malignant brain tumor, which, despite combined radio- and chemotherapy, recurs and is invariably fatal for affected patients. Members of the sphingolipid (SL) family are potent effectors of glioma cell proliferation. In particular sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) and the corresponding G protein-coupled S1P receptors transmit proliferative signals to glioma cells. To investigate the contribution to glioma cell proliferation we inhibited the first step of de novo SL synthesis in p53wt and p53mut glioma cells, and interfered with S1P signaling specifically in p53wt U87MG cells. Subunit silencing (RNAi) or pharmacological antagonism (using myriocin) of serine palmitoyltransferase (SPT; catalyzing the first committed step of SL biosynthesis) reduced proliferation of p53wt but not p53mut GBM cells. In U87MG cells these observations were accompanied by decreased ceramide, sphingomyelin, and S1P content. Inhibition of SPT upregulated p53 and p21 expression and induced an increase in early and late apoptotic U87MG cells. Exogenously added S1P (complexed to physiological carriers) increased U87MG proliferation. In line, silencing of individual members of the S1P receptor family decreased U87MG proliferation. Silencing and pharmacological inhibition of the ATP-dependent cassette transporter A1 (ABCA1) that facilitates S1P efflux in astrocytes attenuated U87MG growth. Glyburide-mediated inhibition of ABCA1 resulted in intracellular accumulation of S1P raising the possibility that ABCA1 promotes S1P efflux in U87MG glioma cells thereby contributing to inside-out signaling. Our findings indicate that de novo SL synthesis, S1P receptor-mediated signaling, and ABCA1-mediated S1P efflux could provide pharmacological targets to interfere with glioma cell proliferation.
Published: 2015

26. 1,3-Dipolar Cycloaddition Reactions of Organic Azides with Morpholinobuta-1,3-dienes and with anα-Ethynyl-enamine

Author: Martina Brunner, Gerhard Maas, and Frank-Gerrit Klärner
Subjects: Stereochemistry, Organic Chemistry, Regioselectivity, Biochemistry, Medicinal chemistry, Catalysis, Cycloaddition, Enamine, Inorganic Chemistry, chemistry.chemical_compound, Tosyl, chemistry, Phenyl azide, Morpholine, Drug Discovery, 1,3-Dipolar cycloaddition, Azide, Physical and Theoretical Chemistry
Abstract: The cycloaddition of organic azides with some conjugated enamines of the 2-amino-1,3-diene, 1-amino-1,3-diene, and 2-aminobut-1-en-3-yne type is investigated. The 2-morpholinobuta-1,3-diene 1 undergoes regioselective [3+2] cycloaddition with several electrophilic azides RN32 (a, R=4-nitrophenyl; b, R=ethoxycarbonyl; c, R=tosyl; d, R=phenyl) to form 5-alkenyl-4,5-dihydro-5-morpholino-1H-1,2,3-triazoles 3 which are transformed into 1,5-disubstituted 1H-triazoles 4a,d or α,β-unsaturated carboximidamide 5 (Scheme 1). The cycloaddition reaction of 4-[(1E,3Z)-3-morpholino-4-phenylbuta-1,3-dienyl]morpholine (7) with azide 2a occurs at the less-substituted enamine function and yields the 4-(1-morpholino-2-phenylethenyl)-1H-1,2,3-triazole 8 (Scheme 2). The 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition reaction of azides 2a–d with 4-(1-methylene-3-phenylprop-2-ynyl)morpholine (9) is accelerated at high pressure (ca. 7–10 kbar) and gives 1,5-disubstituted dihydro-1H-triazoles 10a,b and 1-phenyl-5-(phenylethynyl)-1H-1,2,3-triazole (11d) in significantly improved yields (Schemes 3 and 4). The formation of 11d is also facilitated in the presence of an equimolar quantity of tBuOH. The three-component reaction between enamine 9, phenyl azide, and phenol affords the 5-(2-phenoxy-2-phenylethenyl)-1H-1,2,3-triazole 14d.
Published: 2005

27. Continuous Blood Glucose Monitoring (Cgm) System Based on Intravenous Microdialysis and Glucose Sensing

Author: Joachim Priedl, A. Berghofer, J. Gurban, Stefan Korsatko, Sigrid Deller, A. Huber, E. Zijlstra, M. O’Connell, Roland Schaller-Ammann, H. Greiner, G. Porro, Tim Heise, Thomas R. Pieber, J. Krejci, Martina Brunner, and Lukas Schaupp
Subjects: Blood glucose monitoring, Microdialysis, medicine.diagnostic_test, General interest, business.industry, Biomedical Engineering, Medicine, Glucose sensing, business, Biomedical engineering
Published: 2013

28. Conjugate Addition Reactions of Functionalized Organozinc and Copper Reagents to (2-Propynylidene)morpholinium Triflates

Author: Martina Brunner and Gerhard Maas
Subjects: Addition reaction, chemistry, Reagent, Organic Chemistry, chemistry.chemical_element, Copper, Combinatorial chemistry, Catalysis, Conjugate
Published: 1995

29. ChemInform Abstract: Conjugate Addition Reactions of Functionalized Organozinc and Copper Reagents to (2-Propynylidene)morpholinium Triflates

Author: Gerhard Maas and Martina Brunner
Subjects: Addition reaction, Chemistry, Reagent, Organic chemistry, chemistry.chemical_element, General Medicine, Copper, Conjugate
Published: 2010

30. PFO

Author: Markus Braun-Falco, Henry J. Mankin, Sharon L. Wenger, Stephan DiSean Kendall, Gerard C. Blobe, Christoph K. Weber, Richard Lorenz, Guido Adler, David C. Whitcomb, Dhiraj Yadav, Johannes Bode, Martin Wabitsch, Klaus-Michael Debatin, Pamela Fischer Posovzsky, Akmal Hassan, Mosaad Megahed, Tord M. Lundgren, Markus Pfister, Hans-Peter Zenner, Rossana Berardi, Chiara Pierantoni, Mario Scartozzi, Stefano Cascinu, Geoffrey N. Hendy, Johannes Schwarz, Alexander Storch, John-John B. Schnog, Victor E. A. Gerdes, Susanne A. Schneider, Kailash P. Bhatia, Adriana C. Gittenberger-de Groot, Regina Bökenkamp, Marco C. DeRuiter, Alexander K. C. Leung, Andrew L. Wong, Undine E. Lang, Muammer Seyhan, Silke Hofmann, Leena Bruckner-Tuderman, Peter Kopp, Douglas Forrest, Emine Dibek Misirlioğlu, Nursel Alpan, Mark Oette, Massimo Imazio, Kavitha M. Chinnaiyan, Laxmi S. Mehta, Mushtaq A. Bhat, Javeed I. Bhat, Gerald Stöber, André Reis, Jan Rémi, Soheyl Noachtar, Karin Jurkat-Rott, Frank Lehmann-Horn, Marinella Holzhausen, Nathalie Vergnolle, Martin Schillinger, Hans-Jürgen Gdynia, Albert C. Ludolph, Thomas Namdar, Claus Ferdinand Eisenberger, Wolfram Trudo Knoefel, Pere Ginés, Mónica Guevara, Antonio L. Cuesta-Muñoz, Henk Eijer, Markus Böhm, Thomas A. Luger, Flemming Güttler, Per Guldberg, Richard Koch, Kathryn Moseley, Graeme Eisenhofer, Karel Pacak, James V. Leonard, Jaak Jaeken, Michael A. Becker, Ulrich Stephani, Kendall S. Frazier, Reginald S. Sauve, Verena Matejas, Martin Zenker, William Lane M. Robson, Stefan Beissert, Tom Y. Woo, Hugo Ten Cate, Richard W. Light, Patricia T. Bozza, Jorge I. Salluh, Michael A. Jantz, Sergio L. Vargas, Rade Tomic, Jesse Roman, Abdullah F. Mobeireek, Mohammad Khalid, Harrys A. Torres, Roy F. Chemaly, Angela Dispenzieri, Sabine Krause, Hanns Lochmüller, Julia Weihrauch, Thomas Krieg, Wolfgang Kühn, Gerd Walz, Georg H. Merker, Ralf Kubitz, Dieter Häussinger, Giovanna Musco, Guido Stoll, Klaus V. Toyka, Elena Pischik, Raili Kauppinen, Jorge Frank, Thomas Schwarz, Manish Thapar, Herbert. L. Bonkovsky, Jeffrey C. Wagner, A. Gordon Smith, Maria Mela, Ulrich Thalheimer, Dimitrios Samonakis, Andrew K. Burroughs, Yogesh M. Shastri, Jürgen M. Stein, Ronnen H. Segman, Arieh Y. Shalev, Giris Jacob, David Robertson, Katja Lampinen, Karolina Kublickiene, Risto Kaaja, Radosław Lenarczyk, Oskar Kowalski, Zbigniew Kalarus, Dan Wichterle, Jamie Maguire, Istvan Mody, Katrien Janssens, Filip Vanhoenacker, Wim Van Hul, Karel Geboes, Gert Van Assche, Jo H. M. Berden, Toin H. Van Kuppevelt, Angelique L. Rops, Christina M. Ambros-Rudolph, Valéria Lamounier-Zepter, Christie P. Thomas, Christian A. Koch, Lee S. Weinstein, Caroline Silve, Jouni Uitto, Qiujie Jiang, Orhan Yildiz, Uner Kayabas, Richard G. Hegele, Jean-Nicolas Tournier, Ahmet Mesrur Halefoğlu, Mary Redmond Hutson, Margaret L. Kirby, Fumito Okada, Yumiko Ando, Asami Ono, Hiromu Mori, Timothy M. Moore, Mary I. Townsley, Maria-T. Krauth, Ingrid Pabinger, Manfred Ballmann, Terence K. Trow, Vallerie V. McLaughlin, Atteyet-Alla Fetouh Yassin, Anselm Uebing, Michael A. Gatzoulis, Helena M. Gardiner, Lucia K. Ma, Patrick T. S. Ma, Lourdes Prieto, Larry Latson, Nancy R. Keller, Lynette D. Fairbanks, H. Anne Simmonds, Martina Brunner, Christos C. Zouboulis, Vincent Everts, Miep Helfrich, Peter Von Den Driesch, Roland Bitsch, Angels García-Cazorla, and Jean Marie Saudubray
Published: 2009

31. PRPP Synthetase Superactivity

Author: Markus Braun-Falco, Henry J. Mankin, Sharon L. Wenger, Stephan DiSean Kendall, Gerard C. Blobe, Christoph K. Weber, Richard Lorenz, Guido Adler, David C. Whitcomb, Dhiraj Yadav, Johannes Bode, Martin Wabitsch, Klaus-Michael Debatin, Pamela Fischer Posovzsky, Akmal Hassan, Mosaad Megahed, Tord M. Lundgren, Markus Pfister, Hans-Peter Zenner, Rossana Berardi, Chiara Pierantoni, Mario Scartozzi, Stefano Cascinu, Geoffrey N. Hendy, Johannes Schwarz, Alexander Storch, John-John B. Schnog, Victor E. A. Gerdes, Susanne A. Schneider, Kailash P. Bhatia, Adriana C. Gittenberger-de Groot, Regina Bökenkamp, Marco C. DeRuiter, Alexander K. C. Leung, Andrew L. Wong, Undine E. Lang, Muammer Seyhan, Silke Hofmann, Leena Bruckner-Tuderman, Peter Kopp, Douglas Forrest, Emine Dibek Misirlioğlu, Nursel Alpan, Mark Oette, Massimo Imazio, Kavitha M. Chinnaiyan, Laxmi S. Mehta, Mushtaq A. Bhat, Javeed I. Bhat, Gerald Stöber, André Reis, Jan Rémi, Soheyl Noachtar, Karin Jurkat-Rott, Frank Lehmann-Horn, Marinella Holzhausen, Nathalie Vergnolle, Martin Schillinger, Hans-Jürgen Gdynia, Albert C. Ludolph, Thomas Namdar, Claus Ferdinand Eisenberger, Wolfram Trudo Knoefel, Pere Ginés, Mónica Guevara, Antonio L. Cuesta-Muñoz, Henk Eijer, Markus Böhm, Thomas A. Luger, Flemming Güttler, Per Guldberg, Richard Koch, Kathryn Moseley, Graeme Eisenhofer, Karel Pacak, James V. Leonard, Jaak Jaeken, Michael A. Becker, Ulrich Stephani, Kendall S. Frazier, Reginald S. Sauve, Verena Matejas, Martin Zenker, William Lane M. Robson, Stefan Beissert, Tom Y. Woo, Hugo Ten Cate, Richard W. Light, Patricia T. Bozza, Jorge I. Salluh, Michael A. Jantz, Sergio L. Vargas, Rade Tomic, Jesse Roman, Abdullah F. Mobeireek, Mohammad Khalid, Harrys A. Torres, Roy F. Chemaly, Angela Dispenzieri, Sabine Krause, Hanns Lochmüller, Julia Weihrauch, Thomas Krieg, Wolfgang Kühn, Gerd Walz, Georg H. Merker, Ralf Kubitz, Dieter Häussinger, Giovanna Musco, Guido Stoll, Klaus V. Toyka, Elena Pischik, Raili Kauppinen, Jorge Frank, Thomas Schwarz, Manish Thapar, Herbert. L. Bonkovsky, Jeffrey C. Wagner, A. Gordon Smith, Maria Mela, Ulrich Thalheimer, Dimitrios Samonakis, Andrew K. Burroughs, Yogesh M. Shastri, Jürgen M. Stein, Ronnen H. Segman, Arieh Y. Shalev, Giris Jacob, David Robertson, Katja Lampinen, Karolina Kublickiene, Risto Kaaja, Radosław Lenarczyk, Oskar Kowalski, Zbigniew Kalarus, Dan Wichterle, Jamie Maguire, Istvan Mody, Katrien Janssens, Filip Vanhoenacker, Wim Van Hul, Karel Geboes, Gert Van Assche, Jo H. M. Berden, Toin H. Van Kuppevelt, Angelique L. Rops, Christina M. Ambros-Rudolph, Valéria Lamounier-Zepter, Christie P. Thomas, Christian A. Koch, Lee S. Weinstein, Caroline Silve, Jouni Uitto, Qiujie Jiang, Orhan Yildiz, Uner Kayabas, Richard G. Hegele, Jean-Nicolas Tournier, Ahmet Mesrur Halefoğlu, Mary Redmond Hutson, Margaret L. Kirby, Fumito Okada, Yumiko Ando, Asami Ono, Hiromu Mori, Timothy M. Moore, Mary I. Townsley, Maria-T. Krauth, Ingrid Pabinger, Manfred Ballmann, Terence K. Trow, Vallerie V. McLaughlin, Atteyet-Alla Fetouh Yassin, Anselm Uebing, Michael A. Gatzoulis, Helena M. Gardiner, Lucia K. Ma, Patrick T. S. Ma, Lourdes Prieto, Larry Latson, Nancy R. Keller, Lynette D. Fairbanks, H. Anne Simmonds, Martina Brunner, Christos C. Zouboulis, Vincent Everts, Miep Helfrich, Peter Von Den Driesch, Roland Bitsch, Angels García-Cazorla, and Jean Marie Saudubray
Published: 2009

32. Pyoderma Gangrenosum

Author: Markus Braun-Falco, Henry J. Mankin, Sharon L. Wenger, Stephan DiSean Kendall, Gerard C. Blobe, Christoph K. Weber, Richard Lorenz, Guido Adler, David C. Whitcomb, Dhiraj Yadav, Johannes Bode, Martin Wabitsch, Klaus-Michael Debatin, Pamela Fischer Posovzsky, Akmal Hassan, Mosaad Megahed, Tord M. Lundgren, Markus Pfister, Hans-Peter Zenner, Rossana Berardi, Chiara Pierantoni, Mario Scartozzi, Stefano Cascinu, Geoffrey N. Hendy, Johannes Schwarz, Alexander Storch, John-John B. Schnog, Victor E. A. Gerdes, Susanne A. Schneider, Kailash P. Bhatia, Adriana C. Gittenberger-de Groot, Regina Bökenkamp, Marco C. DeRuiter, Alexander K. C. Leung, Andrew L. Wong, Undine E. Lang, Muammer Seyhan, Silke Hofmann, Leena Bruckner-Tuderman, Peter Kopp, Douglas Forrest, Emine Dibek Misirlioğlu, Nursel Alpan, Mark Oette, Massimo Imazio, Kavitha M. Chinnaiyan, Laxmi S. Mehta, Mushtaq A. Bhat, Javeed I. Bhat, Gerald Stöber, André Reis, Jan Rémi, Soheyl Noachtar, Karin Jurkat-Rott, Frank Lehmann-Horn, Marinella Holzhausen, Nathalie Vergnolle, Martin Schillinger, Hans-Jürgen Gdynia, Albert C. Ludolph, Thomas Namdar, Claus Ferdinand Eisenberger, Wolfram Trudo Knoefel, Pere Ginés, Mónica Guevara, Antonio L. Cuesta-Muñoz, Henk Eijer, Markus Böhm, Thomas A. Luger, Flemming Güttler, Per Guldberg, Richard Koch, Kathryn Moseley, Graeme Eisenhofer, Karel Pacak, James V. Leonard, Jaak Jaeken, Michael A. Becker, Ulrich Stephani, Kendall S. Frazier, Reginald S. Sauve, Verena Matejas, Martin Zenker, William Lane M. Robson, Stefan Beissert, Tom Y. Woo, Hugo Ten Cate, Richard W. Light, Patricia T. Bozza, Jorge I. Salluh, Michael A. Jantz, Sergio L. Vargas, Rade Tomic, Jesse Roman, Abdullah F. Mobeireek, Mohammad Khalid, Harrys A. Torres, Roy F. Chemaly, Angela Dispenzieri, Sabine Krause, Hanns Lochmüller, Julia Weihrauch, Thomas Krieg, Wolfgang Kühn, Gerd Walz, Georg H. Merker, Ralf Kubitz, Dieter Häussinger, Giovanna Musco, Guido Stoll, Klaus V. Toyka, Elena Pischik, Raili Kauppinen, Jorge Frank, Thomas Schwarz, Manish Thapar, Herbert. L. Bonkovsky, Jeffrey C. Wagner, A. Gordon Smith, Maria Mela, Ulrich Thalheimer, Dimitrios Samonakis, Andrew K. Burroughs, Yogesh M. Shastri, Jürgen M. Stein, Ronnen H. Segman, Arieh Y. Shalev, Giris Jacob, David Robertson, Katja Lampinen, Karolina Kublickiene, Risto Kaaja, Radosław Lenarczyk, Oskar Kowalski, Zbigniew Kalarus, Dan Wichterle, Jamie Maguire, Istvan Mody, Katrien Janssens, Filip Vanhoenacker, Wim Van Hul, Karel Geboes, Gert Van Assche, Jo H. M. Berden, Toin H. Van Kuppevelt, Angelique L. Rops, Christina M. Ambros-Rudolph, Valéria Lamounier-Zepter, Christie P. Thomas, Christian A. Koch, Lee S. Weinstein, Caroline Silve, Jouni Uitto, Qiujie Jiang, Orhan Yildiz, Uner Kayabas, Richard G. Hegele, Jean-Nicolas Tournier, Ahmet Mesrur Halefoğlu, Mary Redmond Hutson, Margaret L. Kirby, Fumito Okada, Yumiko Ando, Asami Ono, Hiromu Mori, Timothy M. Moore, Mary I. Townsley, Maria-T. Krauth, Ingrid Pabinger, Manfred Ballmann, Terence K. Trow, Vallerie V. McLaughlin, Atteyet-Alla Fetouh Yassin, Anselm Uebing, Michael A. Gatzoulis, Helena M. Gardiner, Lucia K. Ma, Patrick T. S. Ma, Lourdes Prieto, Larry Latson, Nancy R. Keller, Lynette D. Fairbanks, H. Anne Simmonds, Martina Brunner, Christos C. Zouboulis, Vincent Everts, Miep Helfrich, Peter Von Den Driesch, Roland Bitsch, Angels García-Cazorla, and Jean Marie Saudubray
Published: 2009

33. Poly- and Dermatomyositis

Author: Markus Braun-Falco, Henry J. Mankin, Sharon L. Wenger, Stephan DiSean Kendall, Gerard C. Blobe, Christoph K. Weber, Richard Lorenz, Guido Adler, David C. Whitcomb, Dhiraj Yadav, Johannes Bode, Martin Wabitsch, Klaus-Michael Debatin, Pamela Fischer Posovzsky, Akmal Hassan, Mosaad Megahed, Tord M. Lundgren, Markus Pfister, Hans-Peter Zenner, Rossana Berardi, Chiara Pierantoni, Mario Scartozzi, Stefano Cascinu, Geoffrey N. Hendy, Johannes Schwarz, Alexander Storch, John-John B. Schnog, Victor E. A. Gerdes, Susanne A. Schneider, Kailash P. Bhatia, Adriana C. Gittenberger-de Groot, Regina Bökenkamp, Marco C. DeRuiter, Alexander K. C. Leung, Andrew L. Wong, Undine E. Lang, Muammer Seyhan, Silke Hofmann, Leena Bruckner-Tuderman, Peter Kopp, Douglas Forrest, Emine Dibek Misirlioğlu, Nursel Alpan, Mark Oette, Massimo Imazio, Kavitha M. Chinnaiyan, Laxmi S. Mehta, Mushtaq A. Bhat, Javeed I. Bhat, Gerald Stöber, André Reis, Jan Rémi, Soheyl Noachtar, Karin Jurkat-Rott, Frank Lehmann-Horn, Marinella Holzhausen, Nathalie Vergnolle, Martin Schillinger, Hans-Jürgen Gdynia, Albert C. Ludolph, Thomas Namdar, Claus Ferdinand Eisenberger, Wolfram Trudo Knoefel, Pere Ginés, Mónica Guevara, Antonio L. Cuesta-Muñoz, Henk Eijer, Markus Böhm, Thomas A. Luger, Flemming Güttler, Per Guldberg, Richard Koch, Kathryn Moseley, Graeme Eisenhofer, Karel Pacak, James V. Leonard, Jaak Jaeken, Michael A. Becker, Ulrich Stephani, Kendall S. Frazier, Reginald S. Sauve, Verena Matejas, Martin Zenker, William Lane M. Robson, Stefan Beissert, Tom Y. Woo, Hugo Ten Cate, Richard W. Light, Patricia T. Bozza, Jorge I. Salluh, Michael A. Jantz, Sergio L. Vargas, Rade Tomic, Jesse Roman, Abdullah F. Mobeireek, Mohammad Khalid, Harrys A. Torres, Roy F. Chemaly, Angela Dispenzieri, Sabine Krause, Hanns Lochmüller, Julia Weihrauch, Thomas Krieg, Wolfgang Kühn, Gerd Walz, Georg H. Merker, Ralf Kubitz, Dieter Häussinger, Giovanna Musco, Guido Stoll, Klaus V. Toyka, Elena Pischik, Raili Kauppinen, Jorge Frank, Thomas Schwarz, Manish Thapar, Herbert. L. Bonkovsky, Jeffrey C. Wagner, A. Gordon Smith, Maria Mela, Ulrich Thalheimer, Dimitrios Samonakis, Andrew K. Burroughs, Yogesh M. Shastri, Jürgen M. Stein, Ronnen H. Segman, Arieh Y. Shalev, Giris Jacob, David Robertson, Katja Lampinen, Karolina Kublickiene, Risto Kaaja, Radosław Lenarczyk, Oskar Kowalski, Zbigniew Kalarus, Dan Wichterle, Jamie Maguire, Istvan Mody, Katrien Janssens, Filip Vanhoenacker, Wim Van Hul, Karel Geboes, Gert Van Assche, Jo H. M. Berden, Toin H. Van Kuppevelt, Angelique L. Rops, Christina M. Ambros-Rudolph, Valéria Lamounier-Zepter, Christie P. Thomas, Christian A. Koch, Lee S. Weinstein, Caroline Silve, Jouni Uitto, Qiujie Jiang, Orhan Yildiz, Uner Kayabas, Richard G. Hegele, Jean-Nicolas Tournier, Ahmet Mesrur Halefoğlu, Mary Redmond Hutson, Margaret L. Kirby, Fumito Okada, Yumiko Ando, Asami Ono, Hiromu Mori, Timothy M. Moore, Mary I. Townsley, Maria-T. Krauth, Ingrid Pabinger, Manfred Ballmann, Terence K. Trow, Vallerie V. McLaughlin, Atteyet-Alla Fetouh Yassin, Anselm Uebing, Michael A. Gatzoulis, Helena M. Gardiner, Lucia K. Ma, Patrick T. S. Ma, Lourdes Prieto, Larry Latson, Nancy R. Keller, Lynette D. Fairbanks, H. Anne Simmonds, Martina Brunner, Christos C. Zouboulis, Vincent Everts, Miep Helfrich, Peter Von Den Driesch, Roland Bitsch, Angels García-Cazorla, and Jean Marie Saudubray
Published: 2009

34. Parasternal Chondrodynia

Author: Markus Braun-Falco, Henry J. Mankin, Sharon L. Wenger, Stephan DiSean Kendall, Gerard C. Blobe, Christoph K. Weber, Richard Lorenz, Guido Adler, David C. Whitcomb, Dhiraj Yadav, Johannes Bode, Martin Wabitsch, Klaus-Michael Debatin, Pamela Fischer Posovzsky, Akmal Hassan, Mosaad Megahed, Tord M. Lundgren, Markus Pfister, Hans-Peter Zenner, Rossana Berardi, Chiara Pierantoni, Mario Scartozzi, Stefano Cascinu, Geoffrey N. Hendy, Johannes Schwarz, Alexander Storch, John-John B. Schnog, Victor E. A. Gerdes, Susanne A. Schneider, Kailash P. Bhatia, Adriana C. Gittenberger-de Groot, Regina Bökenkamp, Marco C. DeRuiter, Alexander K. C. Leung, Andrew L. Wong, Undine E. Lang, Muammer Seyhan, Silke Hofmann, Leena Bruckner-Tuderman, Peter Kopp, Douglas Forrest, Emine Dibek Misirlioğlu, Nursel Alpan, Mark Oette, Massimo Imazio, Kavitha M. Chinnaiyan, Laxmi S. Mehta, Mushtaq A. Bhat, Javeed I. Bhat, Gerald Stöber, André Reis, Jan Rémi, Soheyl Noachtar, Karin Jurkat-Rott, Frank Lehmann-Horn, Marinella Holzhausen, Nathalie Vergnolle, Martin Schillinger, Hans-Jürgen Gdynia, Albert C. Ludolph, Thomas Namdar, Claus Ferdinand Eisenberger, Wolfram Trudo Knoefel, Pere Ginés, Mónica Guevara, Antonio L. Cuesta-Muñoz, Henk Eijer, Markus Böhm, Thomas A. Luger, Flemming Güttler, Per Guldberg, Richard Koch, Kathryn Moseley, Graeme Eisenhofer, Karel Pacak, James V. Leonard, Jaak Jaeken, Michael A. Becker, Ulrich Stephani, Kendall S. Frazier, Reginald S. Sauve, Verena Matejas, Martin Zenker, William Lane M. Robson, Stefan Beissert, Tom Y. Woo, Hugo Ten Cate, Richard W. Light, Patricia T. Bozza, Jorge I. Salluh, Michael A. Jantz, Sergio L. Vargas, Rade Tomic, Jesse Roman, Abdullah F. Mobeireek, Mohammad Khalid, Harrys A. Torres, Roy F. Chemaly, Angela Dispenzieri, Sabine Krause, Hanns Lochmüller, Julia Weihrauch, Thomas Krieg, Wolfgang Kühn, Gerd Walz, Georg H. Merker, Ralf Kubitz, Dieter Häussinger, Giovanna Musco, Guido Stoll, Klaus V. Toyka, Elena Pischik, Raili Kauppinen, Jorge Frank, Thomas Schwarz, Manish Thapar, Herbert. L. Bonkovsky, Jeffrey C. Wagner, A. Gordon Smith, Maria Mela, Ulrich Thalheimer, Dimitrios Samonakis, Andrew K. Burroughs, Yogesh M. Shastri, Jürgen M. Stein, Ronnen H. Segman, Arieh Y. Shalev, Giris Jacob, David Robertson, Katja Lampinen, Karolina Kublickiene, Risto Kaaja, Radosław Lenarczyk, Oskar Kowalski, Zbigniew Kalarus, Dan Wichterle, Jamie Maguire, Istvan Mody, Katrien Janssens, Filip Vanhoenacker, Wim Van Hul, Karel Geboes, Gert Van Assche, Jo H. M. Berden, Toin H. Van Kuppevelt, Angelique L. Rops, Christina M. Ambros-Rudolph, Valéria Lamounier-Zepter, Christie P. Thomas, Christian A. Koch, Lee S. Weinstein, Caroline Silve, Jouni Uitto, Qiujie Jiang, Orhan Yildiz, Uner Kayabas, Richard G. Hegele, Jean-Nicolas Tournier, Ahmet Mesrur Halefoğlu, Mary Redmond Hutson, Margaret L. Kirby, Fumito Okada, Yumiko Ando, Asami Ono, Hiromu Mori, Timothy M. Moore, Mary I. Townsley, Maria-T. Krauth, Ingrid Pabinger, Manfred Ballmann, Terence K. Trow, Vallerie V. McLaughlin, Atteyet-Alla Fetouh Yassin, Anselm Uebing, Michael A. Gatzoulis, Helena M. Gardiner, Lucia K. Ma, Patrick T. S. Ma, Lourdes Prieto, Larry Latson, Nancy R. Keller, Lynette D. Fairbanks, H. Anne Simmonds, Martina Brunner, Christos C. Zouboulis, Vincent Everts, Miep Helfrich, Peter Von Den Driesch, Roland Bitsch, Angels García-Cazorla, and Jean Marie Saudubray
Published: 2009

35. Purpura Rheumatica

Author: Markus Braun-Falco, Henry J. Mankin, Sharon L. Wenger, Stephan DiSean Kendall, Gerard C. Blobe, Christoph K. Weber, Richard Lorenz, Guido Adler, David C. Whitcomb, Dhiraj Yadav, Johannes Bode, Martin Wabitsch, Klaus-Michael Debatin, Pamela Fischer Posovzsky, Akmal Hassan, Mosaad Megahed, Tord M. Lundgren, Markus Pfister, Hans-Peter Zenner, Rossana Berardi, Chiara Pierantoni, Mario Scartozzi, Stefano Cascinu, Geoffrey N. Hendy, Johannes Schwarz, Alexander Storch, John-John B. Schnog, Victor E. A. Gerdes, Susanne A. Schneider, Kailash P. Bhatia, Adriana C. Gittenberger-de Groot, Regina Bökenkamp, Marco C. DeRuiter, Alexander K. C. Leung, Andrew L. Wong, Undine E. Lang, Muammer Seyhan, Silke Hofmann, Leena Bruckner-Tuderman, Peter Kopp, Douglas Forrest, Emine Dibek Misirlioğlu, Nursel Alpan, Mark Oette, Massimo Imazio, Kavitha M. Chinnaiyan, Laxmi S. Mehta, Mushtaq A. Bhat, Javeed I. Bhat, Gerald Stöber, André Reis, Jan Rémi, Soheyl Noachtar, Karin Jurkat-Rott, Frank Lehmann-Horn, Marinella Holzhausen, Nathalie Vergnolle, Martin Schillinger, Hans-Jürgen Gdynia, Albert C. Ludolph, Thomas Namdar, Claus Ferdinand Eisenberger, Wolfram Trudo Knoefel, Pere Ginés, Mónica Guevara, Antonio L. Cuesta-Muñoz, Henk Eijer, Markus Böhm, Thomas A. Luger, Flemming Güttler, Per Guldberg, Richard Koch, Kathryn Moseley, Graeme Eisenhofer, Karel Pacak, James V. Leonard, Jaak Jaeken, Michael A. Becker, Ulrich Stephani, Kendall S. Frazier, Reginald S. Sauve, Verena Matejas, Martin Zenker, William Lane M. Robson, Stefan Beissert, Tom Y. Woo, Hugo Ten Cate, Richard W. Light, Patricia T. Bozza, Jorge I. Salluh, Michael A. Jantz, Sergio L. Vargas, Rade Tomic, Jesse Roman, Abdullah F. Mobeireek, Mohammad Khalid, Harrys A. Torres, Roy F. Chemaly, Angela Dispenzieri, Sabine Krause, Hanns Lochmüller, Julia Weihrauch, Thomas Krieg, Wolfgang Kühn, Gerd Walz, Georg H. Merker, Ralf Kubitz, Dieter Häussinger, Giovanna Musco, Guido Stoll, Klaus V. Toyka, Elena Pischik, Raili Kauppinen, Jorge Frank, Thomas Schwarz, Manish Thapar, Herbert. L. Bonkovsky, Jeffrey C. Wagner, A. Gordon Smith, Maria Mela, Ulrich Thalheimer, Dimitrios Samonakis, Andrew K. Burroughs, Yogesh M. Shastri, Jürgen M. Stein, Ronnen H. Segman, Arieh Y. Shalev, Giris Jacob, David Robertson, Katja Lampinen, Karolina Kublickiene, Risto Kaaja, Radosław Lenarczyk, Oskar Kowalski, Zbigniew Kalarus, Dan Wichterle, Jamie Maguire, Istvan Mody, Katrien Janssens, Filip Vanhoenacker, Wim Van Hul, Karel Geboes, Gert Van Assche, Jo H. M. Berden, Toin H. Van Kuppevelt, Angelique L. Rops, Christina M. Ambros-Rudolph, Valéria Lamounier-Zepter, Christie P. Thomas, Christian A. Koch, Lee S. Weinstein, Caroline Silve, Jouni Uitto, Qiujie Jiang, Orhan Yildiz, Uner Kayabas, Richard G. Hegele, Jean-Nicolas Tournier, Ahmet Mesrur Halefoğlu, Mary Redmond Hutson, Margaret L. Kirby, Fumito Okada, Yumiko Ando, Asami Ono, Hiromu Mori, Timothy M. Moore, Mary I. Townsley, Maria-T. Krauth, Ingrid Pabinger, Manfred Ballmann, Terence K. Trow, Vallerie V. McLaughlin, Atteyet-Alla Fetouh Yassin, Anselm Uebing, Michael A. Gatzoulis, Helena M. Gardiner, Lucia K. Ma, Patrick T. S. Ma, Lourdes Prieto, Larry Latson, Nancy R. Keller, Lynette D. Fairbanks, H. Anne Simmonds, Martina Brunner, Christos C. Zouboulis, Vincent Everts, Miep Helfrich, Peter Von Den Driesch, Roland Bitsch, Angels García-Cazorla, and Jean Marie Saudubray
Published: 2009

36. Puna Soroche

Author: Markus Braun-Falco, Henry J. Mankin, Sharon L. Wenger, Stephan DiSean Kendall, Gerard C. Blobe, Christoph K. Weber, Richard Lorenz, Guido Adler, David C. Whitcomb, Dhiraj Yadav, Johannes Bode, Martin Wabitsch, Klaus-Michael Debatin, Pamela Fischer Posovzsky, Akmal Hassan, Mosaad Megahed, Tord M. Lundgren, Markus Pfister, Hans-Peter Zenner, Rossana Berardi, Chiara Pierantoni, Mario Scartozzi, Stefano Cascinu, Geoffrey N. Hendy, Johannes Schwarz, Alexander Storch, John-John B. Schnog, Victor E. A. Gerdes, Susanne A. Schneider, Kailash P. Bhatia, Adriana C. Gittenberger-de Groot, Regina Bökenkamp, Marco C. DeRuiter, Alexander K. C. Leung, Andrew L. Wong, Undine E. Lang, Muammer Seyhan, Silke Hofmann, Leena Bruckner-Tuderman, Peter Kopp, Douglas Forrest, Emine Dibek Misirlioğlu, Nursel Alpan, Mark Oette, Massimo Imazio, Kavitha M. Chinnaiyan, Laxmi S. Mehta, Mushtaq A. Bhat, Javeed I. Bhat, Gerald Stöber, André Reis, Jan Rémi, Soheyl Noachtar, Karin Jurkat-Rott, Frank Lehmann-Horn, Marinella Holzhausen, Nathalie Vergnolle, Martin Schillinger, Hans-Jürgen Gdynia, Albert C. Ludolph, Thomas Namdar, Claus Ferdinand Eisenberger, Wolfram Trudo Knoefel, Pere Ginés, Mónica Guevara, Antonio L. Cuesta-Muñoz, Henk Eijer, Markus Böhm, Thomas A. Luger, Flemming Güttler, Per Guldberg, Richard Koch, Kathryn Moseley, Graeme Eisenhofer, Karel Pacak, James V. Leonard, Jaak Jaeken, Michael A. Becker, Ulrich Stephani, Kendall S. Frazier, Reginald S. Sauve, Verena Matejas, Martin Zenker, William Lane M. Robson, Stefan Beissert, Tom Y. Woo, Hugo Ten Cate, Richard W. Light, Patricia T. Bozza, Jorge I. Salluh, Michael A. Jantz, Sergio L. Vargas, Rade Tomic, Jesse Roman, Abdullah F. Mobeireek, Mohammad Khalid, Harrys A. Torres, Roy F. Chemaly, Angela Dispenzieri, Sabine Krause, Hanns Lochmüller, Julia Weihrauch, Thomas Krieg, Wolfgang Kühn, Gerd Walz, Georg H. Merker, Ralf Kubitz, Dieter Häussinger, Giovanna Musco, Guido Stoll, Klaus V. Toyka, Elena Pischik, Raili Kauppinen, Jorge Frank, Thomas Schwarz, Manish Thapar, Herbert. L. Bonkovsky, Jeffrey C. Wagner, A. Gordon Smith, Maria Mela, Ulrich Thalheimer, Dimitrios Samonakis, Andrew K. Burroughs, Yogesh M. Shastri, Jürgen M. Stein, Ronnen H. Segman, Arieh Y. Shalev, Giris Jacob, David Robertson, Katja Lampinen, Karolina Kublickiene, Risto Kaaja, Radosław Lenarczyk, Oskar Kowalski, Zbigniew Kalarus, Dan Wichterle, Jamie Maguire, Istvan Mody, Katrien Janssens, Filip Vanhoenacker, Wim Van Hul, Karel Geboes, Gert Van Assche, Jo H. M. Berden, Toin H. Van Kuppevelt, Angelique L. Rops, Christina M. Ambros-Rudolph, Valéria Lamounier-Zepter, Christie P. Thomas, Christian A. Koch, Lee S. Weinstein, Caroline Silve, Jouni Uitto, Qiujie Jiang, Orhan Yildiz, Uner Kayabas, Richard G. Hegele, Jean-Nicolas Tournier, Ahmet Mesrur Halefoğlu, Mary Redmond Hutson, Margaret L. Kirby, Fumito Okada, Yumiko Ando, Asami Ono, Hiromu Mori, Timothy M. Moore, Mary I. Townsley, Maria-T. Krauth, Ingrid Pabinger, Manfred Ballmann, Terence K. Trow, Vallerie V. McLaughlin, Atteyet-Alla Fetouh Yassin, Anselm Uebing, Michael A. Gatzoulis, Helena M. Gardiner, Lucia K. Ma, Patrick T. S. Ma, Lourdes Prieto, Larry Latson, Nancy R. Keller, Lynette D. Fairbanks, H. Anne Simmonds, Martina Brunner, Christos C. Zouboulis, Vincent Everts, Miep Helfrich, Peter Von Den Driesch, Roland Bitsch, Angels García-Cazorla, and Jean Marie Saudubray
Published: 2009

37. Primary Systemic Carnitine Deficiency

Author: Markus Braun-Falco, Henry J. Mankin, Sharon L. Wenger, Stephan DiSean Kendall, Gerard C. Blobe, Christoph K. Weber, Richard Lorenz, Guido Adler, David C. Whitcomb, Dhiraj Yadav, Johannes Bode, Martin Wabitsch, Klaus-Michael Debatin, Pamela Fischer Posovzsky, Akmal Hassan, Mosaad Megahed, Tord M. Lundgren, Markus Pfister, Hans-Peter Zenner, Rossana Berardi, Chiara Pierantoni, Mario Scartozzi, Stefano Cascinu, Geoffrey N. Hendy, Johannes Schwarz, Alexander Storch, John-John B. Schnog, Victor E. A. Gerdes, Susanne A. Schneider, Kailash P. Bhatia, Adriana C. Gittenberger-de Groot, Regina Bökenkamp, Marco C. DeRuiter, Alexander K. C. Leung, Andrew L. Wong, Undine E. Lang, Muammer Seyhan, Silke Hofmann, Leena Bruckner-Tuderman, Peter Kopp, Douglas Forrest, Emine Dibek Misirlioğlu, Nursel Alpan, Mark Oette, Massimo Imazio, Kavitha M. Chinnaiyan, Laxmi S. Mehta, Mushtaq A. Bhat, Javeed I. Bhat, Gerald Stöber, André Reis, Jan Rémi, Soheyl Noachtar, Karin Jurkat-Rott, Frank Lehmann-Horn, Marinella Holzhausen, Nathalie Vergnolle, Martin Schillinger, Hans-Jürgen Gdynia, Albert C. Ludolph, Thomas Namdar, Claus Ferdinand Eisenberger, Wolfram Trudo Knoefel, Pere Ginés, Mónica Guevara, Antonio L. Cuesta-Muñoz, Henk Eijer, Markus Böhm, Thomas A. Luger, Flemming Güttler, Per Guldberg, Richard Koch, Kathryn Moseley, Graeme Eisenhofer, Karel Pacak, James V. Leonard, Jaak Jaeken, Michael A. Becker, Ulrich Stephani, Kendall S. Frazier, Reginald S. Sauve, Verena Matejas, Martin Zenker, William Lane M. Robson, Stefan Beissert, Tom Y. Woo, Hugo Ten Cate, Richard W. Light, Patricia T. Bozza, Jorge I. Salluh, Michael A. Jantz, Sergio L. Vargas, Rade Tomic, Jesse Roman, Abdullah F. Mobeireek, Mohammad Khalid, Harrys A. Torres, Roy F. Chemaly, Angela Dispenzieri, Sabine Krause, Hanns Lochmüller, Julia Weihrauch, Thomas Krieg, Wolfgang Kühn, Gerd Walz, Georg H. Merker, Ralf Kubitz, Dieter Häussinger, Giovanna Musco, Guido Stoll, Klaus V. Toyka, Elena Pischik, Raili Kauppinen, Jorge Frank, Thomas Schwarz, Manish Thapar, Herbert. L. Bonkovsky, Jeffrey C. Wagner, A. Gordon Smith, Maria Mela, Ulrich Thalheimer, Dimitrios Samonakis, Andrew K. Burroughs, Yogesh M. Shastri, Jürgen M. Stein, Ronnen H. Segman, Arieh Y. Shalev, Giris Jacob, David Robertson, Katja Lampinen, Karolina Kublickiene, Risto Kaaja, Radosław Lenarczyk, Oskar Kowalski, Zbigniew Kalarus, Dan Wichterle, Jamie Maguire, Istvan Mody, Katrien Janssens, Filip Vanhoenacker, Wim Van Hul, Karel Geboes, Gert Van Assche, Jo H. M. Berden, Toin H. Van Kuppevelt, Angelique L. Rops, Christina M. Ambros-Rudolph, Valéria Lamounier-Zepter, Christie P. Thomas, Christian A. Koch, Lee S. Weinstein, Caroline Silve, Jouni Uitto, Qiujie Jiang, Orhan Yildiz, Uner Kayabas, Richard G. Hegele, Jean-Nicolas Tournier, Ahmet Mesrur Halefoğlu, Mary Redmond Hutson, Margaret L. Kirby, Fumito Okada, Yumiko Ando, Asami Ono, Hiromu Mori, Timothy M. Moore, Mary I. Townsley, Maria-T. Krauth, Ingrid Pabinger, Manfred Ballmann, Terence K. Trow, Vallerie V. McLaughlin, Atteyet-Alla Fetouh Yassin, Anselm Uebing, Michael A. Gatzoulis, Helena M. Gardiner, Lucia K. Ma, Patrick T. S. Ma, Lourdes Prieto, Larry Latson, Nancy R. Keller, Lynette D. Fairbanks, H. Anne Simmonds, Martina Brunner, Christos C. Zouboulis, Vincent Everts, Miep Helfrich, Peter Von Den Driesch, Roland Bitsch, Angels García-Cazorla, and Jean Marie Saudubray
Published: 2009

38. Pancreatitis, Autoimmune

Author: Markus Braun-Falco, Henry J. Mankin, Sharon L. Wenger, Stephan DiSean Kendall, Gerard C. Blobe, Christoph K. Weber, Richard Lorenz, Guido Adler, David C. Whitcomb, Dhiraj Yadav, Johannes Bode, Martin Wabitsch, Klaus-Michael Debatin, Pamela Fischer Posovzsky, Akmal Hassan, Mosaad Megahed, Tord M. Lundgren, Markus Pfister, Hans-Peter Zenner, Rossana Berardi, Chiara Pierantoni, Mario Scartozzi, Stefano Cascinu, Geoffrey N. Hendy, Johannes Schwarz, Alexander Storch, John-John B. Schnog, Victor E. A. Gerdes, Susanne A. Schneider, Kailash P. Bhatia, Adriana C. Gittenberger-de Groot, Regina Bökenkamp, Marco C. DeRuiter, Alexander K. C. Leung, Andrew L. Wong, Undine E. Lang, Muammer Seyhan, Silke Hofmann, Leena Bruckner-Tuderman, Peter Kopp, Douglas Forrest, Emine Dibek Misirlioğlu, Nursel Alpan, Mark Oette, Massimo Imazio, Kavitha M. Chinnaiyan, Laxmi S. Mehta, Mushtaq A. Bhat, Javeed I. Bhat, Gerald Stöber, André Reis, Jan Rémi, Soheyl Noachtar, Karin Jurkat-Rott, Frank Lehmann-Horn, Marinella Holzhausen, Nathalie Vergnolle, Martin Schillinger, Hans-Jürgen Gdynia, Albert C. Ludolph, Thomas Namdar, Claus Ferdinand Eisenberger, Wolfram Trudo Knoefel, Pere Ginés, Mónica Guevara, Antonio L. Cuesta-Muñoz, Henk Eijer, Markus Böhm, Thomas A. Luger, Flemming Güttler, Per Guldberg, Richard Koch, Kathryn Moseley, Graeme Eisenhofer, Karel Pacak, James V. Leonard, Jaak Jaeken, Michael A. Becker, Ulrich Stephani, Kendall S. Frazier, Reginald S. Sauve, Verena Matejas, Martin Zenker, William Lane M. Robson, Stefan Beissert, Tom Y. Woo, Hugo Ten Cate, Richard W. Light, Patricia T. Bozza, Jorge I. Salluh, Michael A. Jantz, Sergio L. Vargas, Rade Tomic, Jesse Roman, Abdullah F. Mobeireek, Mohammad Khalid, Harrys A. Torres, Roy F. Chemaly, Angela Dispenzieri, Sabine Krause, Hanns Lochmüller, Julia Weihrauch, Thomas Krieg, Wolfgang Kühn, Gerd Walz, Georg H. Merker, Ralf Kubitz, Dieter Häussinger, Giovanna Musco, Guido Stoll, Klaus V. Toyka, Elena Pischik, Raili Kauppinen, Jorge Frank, Thomas Schwarz, Manish Thapar, Herbert. L. Bonkovsky, Jeffrey C. Wagner, A. Gordon Smith, Maria Mela, Ulrich Thalheimer, Dimitrios Samonakis, Andrew K. Burroughs, Yogesh M. Shastri, Jürgen M. Stein, Ronnen H. Segman, Arieh Y. Shalev, Giris Jacob, David Robertson, Katja Lampinen, Karolina Kublickiene, Risto Kaaja, Radosław Lenarczyk, Oskar Kowalski, Zbigniew Kalarus, Dan Wichterle, Jamie Maguire, Istvan Mody, Katrien Janssens, Filip Vanhoenacker, Wim Van Hul, Karel Geboes, Gert Van Assche, Jo H. M. Berden, Toin H. Van Kuppevelt, Angelique L. Rops, Christina M. Ambros-Rudolph, Valéria Lamounier-Zepter, Christie P. Thomas, Christian A. Koch, Lee S. Weinstein, Caroline Silve, Jouni Uitto, Qiujie Jiang, Orhan Yildiz, Uner Kayabas, Richard G. Hegele, Jean-Nicolas Tournier, Ahmet Mesrur Halefoğlu, Mary Redmond Hutson, Margaret L. Kirby, Fumito Okada, Yumiko Ando, Asami Ono, Hiromu Mori, Timothy M. Moore, Mary I. Townsley, Maria-T. Krauth, Ingrid Pabinger, Manfred Ballmann, Terence K. Trow, Vallerie V. McLaughlin, Atteyet-Alla Fetouh Yassin, Anselm Uebing, Michael A. Gatzoulis, Helena M. Gardiner, Lucia K. Ma, Patrick T. S. Ma, Lourdes Prieto, Larry Latson, Nancy R. Keller, Lynette D. Fairbanks, H. Anne Simmonds, Martina Brunner, Christos C. Zouboulis, Vincent Everts, Miep Helfrich, Peter Von Den Driesch, Roland Bitsch, Angels García-Cazorla, and Jean Marie Saudubray
Published: 2009

39. Pure Cutaneous Histiocytosis

Author: Markus Braun-Falco, Henry J. Mankin, Sharon L. Wenger, Stephan DiSean Kendall, Gerard C. Blobe, Christoph K. Weber, Richard Lorenz, Guido Adler, David C. Whitcomb, Dhiraj Yadav, Johannes Bode, Martin Wabitsch, Klaus-Michael Debatin, Pamela Fischer Posovzsky, Akmal Hassan, Mosaad Megahed, Tord M. Lundgren, Markus Pfister, Hans-Peter Zenner, Rossana Berardi, Chiara Pierantoni, Mario Scartozzi, Stefano Cascinu, Geoffrey N. Hendy, Johannes Schwarz, Alexander Storch, John-John B. Schnog, Victor E. A. Gerdes, Susanne A. Schneider, Kailash P. Bhatia, Adriana C. Gittenberger-de Groot, Regina Bökenkamp, Marco C. DeRuiter, Alexander K. C. Leung, Andrew L. Wong, Undine E. Lang, Muammer Seyhan, Silke Hofmann, Leena Bruckner-Tuderman, Peter Kopp, Douglas Forrest, Emine Dibek Misirlioğlu, Nursel Alpan, Mark Oette, Massimo Imazio, Kavitha M. Chinnaiyan, Laxmi S. Mehta, Mushtaq A. Bhat, Javeed I. Bhat, Gerald Stöber, André Reis, Jan Rémi, Soheyl Noachtar, Karin Jurkat-Rott, Frank Lehmann-Horn, Marinella Holzhausen, Nathalie Vergnolle, Martin Schillinger, Hans-Jürgen Gdynia, Albert C. Ludolph, Thomas Namdar, Claus Ferdinand Eisenberger, Wolfram Trudo Knoefel, Pere Ginés, Mónica Guevara, Antonio L. Cuesta-Muñoz, Henk Eijer, Markus Böhm, Thomas A. Luger, Flemming Güttler, Per Guldberg, Richard Koch, Kathryn Moseley, Graeme Eisenhofer, Karel Pacak, James V. Leonard, Jaak Jaeken, Michael A. Becker, Ulrich Stephani, Kendall S. Frazier, Reginald S. Sauve, Verena Matejas, Martin Zenker, William Lane M. Robson, Stefan Beissert, Tom Y. Woo, Hugo Ten Cate, Richard W. Light, Patricia T. Bozza, Jorge I. Salluh, Michael A. Jantz, Sergio L. Vargas, Rade Tomic, Jesse Roman, Abdullah F. Mobeireek, Mohammad Khalid, Harrys A. Torres, Roy F. Chemaly, Angela Dispenzieri, Sabine Krause, Hanns Lochmüller, Julia Weihrauch, Thomas Krieg, Wolfgang Kühn, Gerd Walz, Georg H. Merker, Ralf Kubitz, Dieter Häussinger, Giovanna Musco, Guido Stoll, Klaus V. Toyka, Elena Pischik, Raili Kauppinen, Jorge Frank, Thomas Schwarz, Manish Thapar, Herbert. L. Bonkovsky, Jeffrey C. Wagner, A. Gordon Smith, Maria Mela, Ulrich Thalheimer, Dimitrios Samonakis, Andrew K. Burroughs, Yogesh M. Shastri, Jürgen M. Stein, Ronnen H. Segman, Arieh Y. Shalev, Giris Jacob, David Robertson, Katja Lampinen, Karolina Kublickiene, Risto Kaaja, Radosław Lenarczyk, Oskar Kowalski, Zbigniew Kalarus, Dan Wichterle, Jamie Maguire, Istvan Mody, Katrien Janssens, Filip Vanhoenacker, Wim Van Hul, Karel Geboes, Gert Van Assche, Jo H. M. Berden, Toin H. Van Kuppevelt, Angelique L. Rops, Christina M. Ambros-Rudolph, Valéria Lamounier-Zepter, Christie P. Thomas, Christian A. Koch, Lee S. Weinstein, Caroline Silve, Jouni Uitto, Qiujie Jiang, Orhan Yildiz, Uner Kayabas, Richard G. Hegele, Jean-Nicolas Tournier, Ahmet Mesrur Halefoğlu, Mary Redmond Hutson, Margaret L. Kirby, Fumito Okada, Yumiko Ando, Asami Ono, Hiromu Mori, Timothy M. Moore, Mary I. Townsley, Maria-T. Krauth, Ingrid Pabinger, Manfred Ballmann, Terence K. Trow, Vallerie V. McLaughlin, Atteyet-Alla Fetouh Yassin, Anselm Uebing, Michael A. Gatzoulis, Helena M. Gardiner, Lucia K. Ma, Patrick T. S. Ma, Lourdes Prieto, Larry Latson, Nancy R. Keller, Lynette D. Fairbanks, H. Anne Simmonds, Martina Brunner, Christos C. Zouboulis, Vincent Everts, Miep Helfrich, Peter Von Den Driesch, Roland Bitsch, Angels García-Cazorla, and Jean Marie Saudubray
Published: 2009

40. Polyneuropathy, Chronic Inflammatory Demyelinating

Author: Markus Braun-Falco, Henry J. Mankin, Sharon L. Wenger, Stephan DiSean Kendall, Gerard C. Blobe, Christoph K. Weber, Richard Lorenz, Guido Adler, David C. Whitcomb, Dhiraj Yadav, Johannes Bode, Martin Wabitsch, Klaus-Michael Debatin, Pamela Fischer Posovzsky, Akmal Hassan, Mosaad Megahed, Tord M. Lundgren, Markus Pfister, Hans-Peter Zenner, Rossana Berardi, Chiara Pierantoni, Mario Scartozzi, Stefano Cascinu, Geoffrey N. Hendy, Johannes Schwarz, Alexander Storch, John-John B. Schnog, Victor E. A. Gerdes, Susanne A. Schneider, Kailash P. Bhatia, Adriana C. Gittenberger-de Groot, Regina Bökenkamp, Marco C. DeRuiter, Alexander K. C. Leung, Andrew L. Wong, Undine E. Lang, Muammer Seyhan, Silke Hofmann, Leena Bruckner-Tuderman, Peter Kopp, Douglas Forrest, Emine Dibek Misirlioğlu, Nursel Alpan, Mark Oette, Massimo Imazio, Kavitha M. Chinnaiyan, Laxmi S. Mehta, Mushtaq A. Bhat, Javeed I. Bhat, Gerald Stöber, André Reis, Jan Rémi, Soheyl Noachtar, Karin Jurkat-Rott, Frank Lehmann-Horn, Marinella Holzhausen, Nathalie Vergnolle, Martin Schillinger, Hans-Jürgen Gdynia, Albert C. Ludolph, Thomas Namdar, Claus Ferdinand Eisenberger, Wolfram Trudo Knoefel, Pere Ginés, Mónica Guevara, Antonio L. Cuesta-Muñoz, Henk Eijer, Markus Böhm, Thomas A. Luger, Flemming Güttler, Per Guldberg, Richard Koch, Kathryn Moseley, Graeme Eisenhofer, Karel Pacak, James V. Leonard, Jaak Jaeken, Michael A. Becker, Ulrich Stephani, Kendall S. Frazier, Reginald S. Sauve, Verena Matejas, Martin Zenker, William Lane M. Robson, Stefan Beissert, Tom Y. Woo, Hugo Ten Cate, Richard W. Light, Patricia T. Bozza, Jorge I. Salluh, Michael A. Jantz, Sergio L. Vargas, Rade Tomic, Jesse Roman, Abdullah F. Mobeireek, Mohammad Khalid, Harrys A. Torres, Roy F. Chemaly, Angela Dispenzieri, Sabine Krause, Hanns Lochmüller, Julia Weihrauch, Thomas Krieg, Wolfgang Kühn, Gerd Walz, Georg H. Merker, Ralf Kubitz, Dieter Häussinger, Giovanna Musco, Guido Stoll, Klaus V. Toyka, Elena Pischik, Raili Kauppinen, Jorge Frank, Thomas Schwarz, Manish Thapar, Herbert. L. Bonkovsky, Jeffrey C. Wagner, A. Gordon Smith, Maria Mela, Ulrich Thalheimer, Dimitrios Samonakis, Andrew K. Burroughs, Yogesh M. Shastri, Jürgen M. Stein, Ronnen H. Segman, Arieh Y. Shalev, Giris Jacob, David Robertson, Katja Lampinen, Karolina Kublickiene, Risto Kaaja, Radosław Lenarczyk, Oskar Kowalski, Zbigniew Kalarus, Dan Wichterle, Jamie Maguire, Istvan Mody, Katrien Janssens, Filip Vanhoenacker, Wim Van Hul, Karel Geboes, Gert Van Assche, Jo H. M. Berden, Toin H. Van Kuppevelt, Angelique L. Rops, Christina M. Ambros-Rudolph, Valéria Lamounier-Zepter, Christie P. Thomas, Christian A. Koch, Lee S. Weinstein, Caroline Silve, Jouni Uitto, Qiujie Jiang, Orhan Yildiz, Uner Kayabas, Richard G. Hegele, Jean-Nicolas Tournier, Ahmet Mesrur Halefoğlu, Mary Redmond Hutson, Margaret L. Kirby, Fumito Okada, Yumiko Ando, Asami Ono, Hiromu Mori, Timothy M. Moore, Mary I. Townsley, Maria-T. Krauth, Ingrid Pabinger, Manfred Ballmann, Terence K. Trow, Vallerie V. McLaughlin, Atteyet-Alla Fetouh Yassin, Anselm Uebing, Michael A. Gatzoulis, Helena M. Gardiner, Lucia K. Ma, Patrick T. S. Ma, Lourdes Prieto, Larry Latson, Nancy R. Keller, Lynette D. Fairbanks, H. Anne Simmonds, Martina Brunner, Christos C. Zouboulis, Vincent Everts, Miep Helfrich, Peter Von Den Driesch, Roland Bitsch, Angels García-Cazorla, and Jean Marie Saudubray
Published: 2009

41. Persistent Atrioventricular Ostium

Author: Markus Braun-Falco, Henry J. Mankin, Sharon L. Wenger, Stephan DiSean Kendall, Gerard C. Blobe, Christoph K. Weber, Richard Lorenz, Guido Adler, David C. Whitcomb, Dhiraj Yadav, Johannes Bode, Martin Wabitsch, Klaus-Michael Debatin, Pamela Fischer Posovzsky, Akmal Hassan, Mosaad Megahed, Tord M. Lundgren, Markus Pfister, Hans-Peter Zenner, Rossana Berardi, Chiara Pierantoni, Mario Scartozzi, Stefano Cascinu, Geoffrey N. Hendy, Johannes Schwarz, Alexander Storch, John-John B. Schnog, Victor E. A. Gerdes, Susanne A. Schneider, Kailash P. Bhatia, Adriana C. Gittenberger-de Groot, Regina Bökenkamp, Marco C. DeRuiter, Alexander K. C. Leung, Andrew L. Wong, Undine E. Lang, Muammer Seyhan, Silke Hofmann, Leena Bruckner-Tuderman, Peter Kopp, Douglas Forrest, Emine Dibek Misirlioğlu, Nursel Alpan, Mark Oette, Massimo Imazio, Kavitha M. Chinnaiyan, Laxmi S. Mehta, Mushtaq A. Bhat, Javeed I. Bhat, Gerald Stöber, André Reis, Jan Rémi, Soheyl Noachtar, Karin Jurkat-Rott, Frank Lehmann-Horn, Marinella Holzhausen, Nathalie Vergnolle, Martin Schillinger, Hans-Jürgen Gdynia, Albert C. Ludolph, Thomas Namdar, Claus Ferdinand Eisenberger, Wolfram Trudo Knoefel, Pere Ginés, Mónica Guevara, Antonio L. Cuesta-Muñoz, Henk Eijer, Markus Böhm, Thomas A. Luger, Flemming Güttler, Per Guldberg, Richard Koch, Kathryn Moseley, Graeme Eisenhofer, Karel Pacak, James V. Leonard, Jaak Jaeken, Michael A. Becker, Ulrich Stephani, Kendall S. Frazier, Reginald S. Sauve, Verena Matejas, Martin Zenker, William Lane M. Robson, Stefan Beissert, Tom Y. Woo, Hugo Ten Cate, Richard W. Light, Patricia T. Bozza, Jorge I. Salluh, Michael A. Jantz, Sergio L. Vargas, Rade Tomic, Jesse Roman, Abdullah F. Mobeireek, Mohammad Khalid, Harrys A. Torres, Roy F. Chemaly, Angela Dispenzieri, Sabine Krause, Hanns Lochmüller, Julia Weihrauch, Thomas Krieg, Wolfgang Kühn, Gerd Walz, Georg H. Merker, Ralf Kubitz, Dieter Häussinger, Giovanna Musco, Guido Stoll, Klaus V. Toyka, Elena Pischik, Raili Kauppinen, Jorge Frank, Thomas Schwarz, Manish Thapar, Herbert. L. Bonkovsky, Jeffrey C. Wagner, A. Gordon Smith, Maria Mela, Ulrich Thalheimer, Dimitrios Samonakis, Andrew K. Burroughs, Yogesh M. Shastri, Jürgen M. Stein, Ronnen H. Segman, Arieh Y. Shalev, Giris Jacob, David Robertson, Katja Lampinen, Karolina Kublickiene, Risto Kaaja, Radosław Lenarczyk, Oskar Kowalski, Zbigniew Kalarus, Dan Wichterle, Jamie Maguire, Istvan Mody, Katrien Janssens, Filip Vanhoenacker, Wim Van Hul, Karel Geboes, Gert Van Assche, Jo H. M. Berden, Toin H. Van Kuppevelt, Angelique L. Rops, Christina M. Ambros-Rudolph, Valéria Lamounier-Zepter, Christie P. Thomas, Christian A. Koch, Lee S. Weinstein, Caroline Silve, Jouni Uitto, Qiujie Jiang, Orhan Yildiz, Uner Kayabas, Richard G. Hegele, Jean-Nicolas Tournier, Ahmet Mesrur Halefoğlu, Mary Redmond Hutson, Margaret L. Kirby, Fumito Okada, Yumiko Ando, Asami Ono, Hiromu Mori, Timothy M. Moore, Mary I. Townsley, Maria-T. Krauth, Ingrid Pabinger, Manfred Ballmann, Terence K. Trow, Vallerie V. McLaughlin, Atteyet-Alla Fetouh Yassin, Anselm Uebing, Michael A. Gatzoulis, Helena M. Gardiner, Lucia K. Ma, Patrick T. S. Ma, Lourdes Prieto, Larry Latson, Nancy R. Keller, Lynette D. Fairbanks, H. Anne Simmonds, Martina Brunner, Christos C. Zouboulis, Vincent Everts, Miep Helfrich, Peter Von Den Driesch, Roland Bitsch, Angels García-Cazorla, and Jean Marie Saudubray
Published: 2009

42. Primary (Congenital) Intestinal Lymphangiectasia

Author: Markus Braun-Falco, Henry J. Mankin, Sharon L. Wenger, Stephan DiSean Kendall, Gerard C. Blobe, Christoph K. Weber, Richard Lorenz, Guido Adler, David C. Whitcomb, Dhiraj Yadav, Johannes Bode, Martin Wabitsch, Klaus-Michael Debatin, Pamela Fischer Posovzsky, Akmal Hassan, Mosaad Megahed, Tord M. Lundgren, Markus Pfister, Hans-Peter Zenner, Rossana Berardi, Chiara Pierantoni, Mario Scartozzi, Stefano Cascinu, Geoffrey N. Hendy, Johannes Schwarz, Alexander Storch, John-John B. Schnog, Victor E. A. Gerdes, Susanne A. Schneider, Kailash P. Bhatia, Adriana C. Gittenberger-de Groot, Regina Bökenkamp, Marco C. DeRuiter, Alexander K. C. Leung, Andrew L. Wong, Undine E. Lang, Muammer Seyhan, Silke Hofmann, Leena Bruckner-Tuderman, Peter Kopp, Douglas Forrest, Emine Dibek Misirlioğlu, Nursel Alpan, Mark Oette, Massimo Imazio, Kavitha M. Chinnaiyan, Laxmi S. Mehta, Mushtaq A. Bhat, Javeed I. Bhat, Gerald Stöber, André Reis, Jan Rémi, Soheyl Noachtar, Karin Jurkat-Rott, Frank Lehmann-Horn, Marinella Holzhausen, Nathalie Vergnolle, Martin Schillinger, Hans-Jürgen Gdynia, Albert C. Ludolph, Thomas Namdar, Claus Ferdinand Eisenberger, Wolfram Trudo Knoefel, Pere Ginés, Mónica Guevara, Antonio L. Cuesta-Muñoz, Henk Eijer, Markus Böhm, Thomas A. Luger, Flemming Güttler, Per Guldberg, Richard Koch, Kathryn Moseley, Graeme Eisenhofer, Karel Pacak, James V. Leonard, Jaak Jaeken, Michael A. Becker, Ulrich Stephani, Kendall S. Frazier, Reginald S. Sauve, Verena Matejas, Martin Zenker, William Lane M. Robson, Stefan Beissert, Tom Y. Woo, Hugo Ten Cate, Richard W. Light, Patricia T. Bozza, Jorge I. Salluh, Michael A. Jantz, Sergio L. Vargas, Rade Tomic, Jesse Roman, Abdullah F. Mobeireek, Mohammad Khalid, Harrys A. Torres, Roy F. Chemaly, Angela Dispenzieri, Sabine Krause, Hanns Lochmüller, Julia Weihrauch, Thomas Krieg, Wolfgang Kühn, Gerd Walz, Georg H. Merker, Ralf Kubitz, Dieter Häussinger, Giovanna Musco, Guido Stoll, Klaus V. Toyka, Elena Pischik, Raili Kauppinen, Jorge Frank, Thomas Schwarz, Manish Thapar, Herbert. L. Bonkovsky, Jeffrey C. Wagner, A. Gordon Smith, Maria Mela, Ulrich Thalheimer, Dimitrios Samonakis, Andrew K. Burroughs, Yogesh M. Shastri, Jürgen M. Stein, Ronnen H. Segman, Arieh Y. Shalev, Giris Jacob, David Robertson, Katja Lampinen, Karolina Kublickiene, Risto Kaaja, Radosław Lenarczyk, Oskar Kowalski, Zbigniew Kalarus, Dan Wichterle, Jamie Maguire, Istvan Mody, Katrien Janssens, Filip Vanhoenacker, Wim Van Hul, Karel Geboes, Gert Van Assche, Jo H. M. Berden, Toin H. Van Kuppevelt, Angelique L. Rops, Christina M. Ambros-Rudolph, Valéria Lamounier-Zepter, Christie P. Thomas, Christian A. Koch, Lee S. Weinstein, Caroline Silve, Jouni Uitto, Qiujie Jiang, Orhan Yildiz, Uner Kayabas, Richard G. Hegele, Jean-Nicolas Tournier, Ahmet Mesrur Halefoğlu, Mary Redmond Hutson, Margaret L. Kirby, Fumito Okada, Yumiko Ando, Asami Ono, Hiromu Mori, Timothy M. Moore, Mary I. Townsley, Maria-T. Krauth, Ingrid Pabinger, Manfred Ballmann, Terence K. Trow, Vallerie V. McLaughlin, Atteyet-Alla Fetouh Yassin, Anselm Uebing, Michael A. Gatzoulis, Helena M. Gardiner, Lucia K. Ma, Patrick T. S. Ma, Lourdes Prieto, Larry Latson, Nancy R. Keller, Lynette D. Fairbanks, H. Anne Simmonds, Martina Brunner, Christos C. Zouboulis, Vincent Everts, Miep Helfrich, Peter Von Den Driesch, Roland Bitsch, Angels García-Cazorla, and Jean Marie Saudubray
Published: 2009

43. Primary Carnitine Deficiency

Author: Markus Braun-Falco, Henry J. Mankin, Sharon L. Wenger, Stephan DiSean Kendall, Gerard C. Blobe, Christoph K. Weber, Richard Lorenz, Guido Adler, David C. Whitcomb, Dhiraj Yadav, Johannes Bode, Martin Wabitsch, Klaus-Michael Debatin, Pamela Fischer Posovzsky, Akmal Hassan, Mosaad Megahed, Tord M. Lundgren, Markus Pfister, Hans-Peter Zenner, Rossana Berardi, Chiara Pierantoni, Mario Scartozzi, Stefano Cascinu, Geoffrey N. Hendy, Johannes Schwarz, Alexander Storch, John-John B. Schnog, Victor E. A. Gerdes, Susanne A. Schneider, Kailash P. Bhatia, Adriana C. Gittenberger-de Groot, Regina Bökenkamp, Marco C. DeRuiter, Alexander K. C. Leung, Andrew L. Wong, Undine E. Lang, Muammer Seyhan, Silke Hofmann, Leena Bruckner-Tuderman, Peter Kopp, Douglas Forrest, Emine Dibek Misirlioğlu, Nursel Alpan, Mark Oette, Massimo Imazio, Kavitha M. Chinnaiyan, Laxmi S. Mehta, Mushtaq A. Bhat, Javeed I. Bhat, Gerald Stöber, André Reis, Jan Rémi, Soheyl Noachtar, Karin Jurkat-Rott, Frank Lehmann-Horn, Marinella Holzhausen, Nathalie Vergnolle, Martin Schillinger, Hans-Jürgen Gdynia, Albert C. Ludolph, Thomas Namdar, Claus Ferdinand Eisenberger, Wolfram Trudo Knoefel, Pere Ginés, Mónica Guevara, Antonio L. Cuesta-Muñoz, Henk Eijer, Markus Böhm, Thomas A. Luger, Flemming Güttler, Per Guldberg, Richard Koch, Kathryn Moseley, Graeme Eisenhofer, Karel Pacak, James V. Leonard, Jaak Jaeken, Michael A. Becker, Ulrich Stephani, Kendall S. Frazier, Reginald S. Sauve, Verena Matejas, Martin Zenker, William Lane M. Robson, Stefan Beissert, Tom Y. Woo, Hugo Ten Cate, Richard W. Light, Patricia T. Bozza, Jorge I. Salluh, Michael A. Jantz, Sergio L. Vargas, Rade Tomic, Jesse Roman, Abdullah F. Mobeireek, Mohammad Khalid, Harrys A. Torres, Roy F. Chemaly, Angela Dispenzieri, Sabine Krause, Hanns Lochmüller, Julia Weihrauch, Thomas Krieg, Wolfgang Kühn, Gerd Walz, Georg H. Merker, Ralf Kubitz, Dieter Häussinger, Giovanna Musco, Guido Stoll, Klaus V. Toyka, Elena Pischik, Raili Kauppinen, Jorge Frank, Thomas Schwarz, Manish Thapar, Herbert. L. Bonkovsky, Jeffrey C. Wagner, A. Gordon Smith, Maria Mela, Ulrich Thalheimer, Dimitrios Samonakis, Andrew K. Burroughs, Yogesh M. Shastri, Jürgen M. Stein, Ronnen H. Segman, Arieh Y. Shalev, Giris Jacob, David Robertson, Katja Lampinen, Karolina Kublickiene, Risto Kaaja, Radosław Lenarczyk, Oskar Kowalski, Zbigniew Kalarus, Dan Wichterle, Jamie Maguire, Istvan Mody, Katrien Janssens, Filip Vanhoenacker, Wim Van Hul, Karel Geboes, Gert Van Assche, Jo H. M. Berden, Toin H. Van Kuppevelt, Angelique L. Rops, Christina M. Ambros-Rudolph, Valéria Lamounier-Zepter, Christie P. Thomas, Christian A. Koch, Lee S. Weinstein, Caroline Silve, Jouni Uitto, Qiujie Jiang, Orhan Yildiz, Uner Kayabas, Richard G. Hegele, Jean-Nicolas Tournier, Ahmet Mesrur Halefoğlu, Mary Redmond Hutson, Margaret L. Kirby, Fumito Okada, Yumiko Ando, Asami Ono, Hiromu Mori, Timothy M. Moore, Mary I. Townsley, Maria-T. Krauth, Ingrid Pabinger, Manfred Ballmann, Terence K. Trow, Vallerie V. McLaughlin, Atteyet-Alla Fetouh Yassin, Anselm Uebing, Michael A. Gatzoulis, Helena M. Gardiner, Lucia K. Ma, Patrick T. S. Ma, Lourdes Prieto, Larry Latson, Nancy R. Keller, Lynette D. Fairbanks, H. Anne Simmonds, Martina Brunner, Christos C. Zouboulis, Vincent Everts, Miep Helfrich, Peter Von Den Driesch, Roland Bitsch, Angels García-Cazorla, and Jean Marie Saudubray
Published: 2009

44. Primary Sclerosing Cholangitis

Author: Markus Braun-Falco, Henry J. Mankin, Sharon L. Wenger, Stephan DiSean Kendall, Gerard C. Blobe, Christoph K. Weber, Richard Lorenz, Guido Adler, David C. Whitcomb, Dhiraj Yadav, Johannes Bode, Martin Wabitsch, Klaus-Michael Debatin, Pamela Fischer Posovzsky, Akmal Hassan, Mosaad Megahed, Tord M. Lundgren, Markus Pfister, Hans-Peter Zenner, Rossana Berardi, Chiara Pierantoni, Mario Scartozzi, Stefano Cascinu, Geoffrey N. Hendy, Johannes Schwarz, Alexander Storch, John-John B. Schnog, Victor E. A. Gerdes, Susanne A. Schneider, Kailash P. Bhatia, Adriana C. Gittenberger-de Groot, Regina Bökenkamp, Marco C. DeRuiter, Alexander K. C. Leung, Andrew L. Wong, Undine E. Lang, Muammer Seyhan, Silke Hofmann, Leena Bruckner-Tuderman, Peter Kopp, Douglas Forrest, Emine Dibek Misirlioğlu, Nursel Alpan, Mark Oette, Massimo Imazio, Kavitha M. Chinnaiyan, Laxmi S. Mehta, Mushtaq A. Bhat, Javeed I. Bhat, Gerald Stöber, André Reis, Jan Rémi, Soheyl Noachtar, Karin Jurkat-Rott, Frank Lehmann-Horn, Marinella Holzhausen, Nathalie Vergnolle, Martin Schillinger, Hans-Jürgen Gdynia, Albert C. Ludolph, Thomas Namdar, Claus Ferdinand Eisenberger, Wolfram Trudo Knoefel, Pere Ginés, Mónica Guevara, Antonio L. Cuesta-Muñoz, Henk Eijer, Markus Böhm, Thomas A. Luger, Flemming Güttler, Per Guldberg, Richard Koch, Kathryn Moseley, Graeme Eisenhofer, Karel Pacak, James V. Leonard, Jaak Jaeken, Michael A. Becker, Ulrich Stephani, Kendall S. Frazier, Reginald S. Sauve, Verena Matejas, Martin Zenker, William Lane M. Robson, Stefan Beissert, Tom Y. Woo, Hugo Ten Cate, Richard W. Light, Patricia T. Bozza, Jorge I. Salluh, Michael A. Jantz, Sergio L. Vargas, Rade Tomic, Jesse Roman, Abdullah F. Mobeireek, Mohammad Khalid, Harrys A. Torres, Roy F. Chemaly, Angela Dispenzieri, Sabine Krause, Hanns Lochmüller, Julia Weihrauch, Thomas Krieg, Wolfgang Kühn, Gerd Walz, Georg H. Merker, Ralf Kubitz, Dieter Häussinger, Giovanna Musco, Guido Stoll, Klaus V. Toyka, Elena Pischik, Raili Kauppinen, Jorge Frank, Thomas Schwarz, Manish Thapar, Herbert. L. Bonkovsky, Jeffrey C. Wagner, A. Gordon Smith, Maria Mela, Ulrich Thalheimer, Dimitrios Samonakis, Andrew K. Burroughs, Yogesh M. Shastri, Jürgen M. Stein, Ronnen H. Segman, Arieh Y. Shalev, Giris Jacob, David Robertson, Katja Lampinen, Karolina Kublickiene, Risto Kaaja, Radosław Lenarczyk, Oskar Kowalski, Zbigniew Kalarus, Dan Wichterle, Jamie Maguire, Istvan Mody, Katrien Janssens, Filip Vanhoenacker, Wim Van Hul, Karel Geboes, Gert Van Assche, Jo H. M. Berden, Toin H. Van Kuppevelt, Angelique L. Rops, Christina M. Ambros-Rudolph, Valéria Lamounier-Zepter, Christie P. Thomas, Christian A. Koch, Lee S. Weinstein, Caroline Silve, Jouni Uitto, Qiujie Jiang, Orhan Yildiz, Uner Kayabas, Richard G. Hegele, Jean-Nicolas Tournier, Ahmet Mesrur Halefoğlu, Mary Redmond Hutson, Margaret L. Kirby, Fumito Okada, Yumiko Ando, Asami Ono, Hiromu Mori, Timothy M. Moore, Mary I. Townsley, Maria-T. Krauth, Ingrid Pabinger, Manfred Ballmann, Terence K. Trow, Vallerie V. McLaughlin, Atteyet-Alla Fetouh Yassin, Anselm Uebing, Michael A. Gatzoulis, Helena M. Gardiner, Lucia K. Ma, Patrick T. S. Ma, Lourdes Prieto, Larry Latson, Nancy R. Keller, Lynette D. Fairbanks, H. Anne Simmonds, Martina Brunner, Christos C. Zouboulis, Vincent Everts, Miep Helfrich, Peter Von Den Driesch, Roland Bitsch, Angels García-Cazorla, and Jean Marie Saudubray
Published: 2009

45. Pulmonary Hypertension

Author: Markus Braun-Falco, Henry J. Mankin, Sharon L. Wenger, Stephan DiSean Kendall, Gerard C. Blobe, Christoph K. Weber, Richard Lorenz, Guido Adler, David C. Whitcomb, Dhiraj Yadav, Johannes Bode, Martin Wabitsch, Klaus-Michael Debatin, Pamela Fischer Posovzsky, Akmal Hassan, Mosaad Megahed, Tord M. Lundgren, Markus Pfister, Hans-Peter Zenner, Rossana Berardi, Chiara Pierantoni, Mario Scartozzi, Stefano Cascinu, Geoffrey N. Hendy, Johannes Schwarz, Alexander Storch, John-John B. Schnog, Victor E. A. Gerdes, Susanne A. Schneider, Kailash P. Bhatia, Adriana C. Gittenberger-de Groot, Regina Bökenkamp, Marco C. DeRuiter, Alexander K. C. Leung, Andrew L. Wong, Undine E. Lang, Muammer Seyhan, Silke Hofmann, Leena Bruckner-Tuderman, Peter Kopp, Douglas Forrest, Emine Dibek Misirlioğlu, Nursel Alpan, Mark Oette, Massimo Imazio, Kavitha M. Chinnaiyan, Laxmi S. Mehta, Mushtaq A. Bhat, Javeed I. Bhat, Gerald Stöber, André Reis, Jan Rémi, Soheyl Noachtar, Karin Jurkat-Rott, Frank Lehmann-Horn, Marinella Holzhausen, Nathalie Vergnolle, Martin Schillinger, Hans-Jürgen Gdynia, Albert C. Ludolph, Thomas Namdar, Claus Ferdinand Eisenberger, Wolfram Trudo Knoefel, Pere Ginés, Mónica Guevara, Antonio L. Cuesta-Muñoz, Henk Eijer, Markus Böhm, Thomas A. Luger, Flemming Güttler, Per Guldberg, Richard Koch, Kathryn Moseley, Graeme Eisenhofer, Karel Pacak, James V. Leonard, Jaak Jaeken, Michael A. Becker, Ulrich Stephani, Kendall S. Frazier, Reginald S. Sauve, Verena Matejas, Martin Zenker, William Lane M. Robson, Stefan Beissert, Tom Y. Woo, Hugo Ten Cate, Richard W. Light, Patricia T. Bozza, Jorge I. Salluh, Michael A. Jantz, Sergio L. Vargas, Rade Tomic, Jesse Roman, Abdullah F. Mobeireek, Mohammad Khalid, Harrys A. Torres, Roy F. Chemaly, Angela Dispenzieri, Sabine Krause, Hanns Lochmüller, Julia Weihrauch, Thomas Krieg, Wolfgang Kühn, Gerd Walz, Georg H. Merker, Ralf Kubitz, Dieter Häussinger, Giovanna Musco, Guido Stoll, Klaus V. Toyka, Elena Pischik, Raili Kauppinen, Jorge Frank, Thomas Schwarz, Manish Thapar, Herbert. L. Bonkovsky, Jeffrey C. Wagner, A. Gordon Smith, Maria Mela, Ulrich Thalheimer, Dimitrios Samonakis, Andrew K. Burroughs, Yogesh M. Shastri, Jürgen M. Stein, Ronnen H. Segman, Arieh Y. Shalev, Giris Jacob, David Robertson, Katja Lampinen, Karolina Kublickiene, Risto Kaaja, Radosław Lenarczyk, Oskar Kowalski, Zbigniew Kalarus, Dan Wichterle, Jamie Maguire, Istvan Mody, Katrien Janssens, Filip Vanhoenacker, Wim Van Hul, Karel Geboes, Gert Van Assche, Jo H. M. Berden, Toin H. Van Kuppevelt, Angelique L. Rops, Christina M. Ambros-Rudolph, Valéria Lamounier-Zepter, Christie P. Thomas, Christian A. Koch, Lee S. Weinstein, Caroline Silve, Jouni Uitto, Qiujie Jiang, Orhan Yildiz, Uner Kayabas, Richard G. Hegele, Jean-Nicolas Tournier, Ahmet Mesrur Halefoğlu, Mary Redmond Hutson, Margaret L. Kirby, Fumito Okada, Yumiko Ando, Asami Ono, Hiromu Mori, Timothy M. Moore, Mary I. Townsley, Maria-T. Krauth, Ingrid Pabinger, Manfred Ballmann, Terence K. Trow, Vallerie V. McLaughlin, Atteyet-Alla Fetouh Yassin, Anselm Uebing, Michael A. Gatzoulis, Helena M. Gardiner, Lucia K. Ma, Patrick T. S. Ma, Lourdes Prieto, Larry Latson, Nancy R. Keller, Lynette D. Fairbanks, H. Anne Simmonds, Martina Brunner, Christos C. Zouboulis, Vincent Everts, Miep Helfrich, Peter Von Den Driesch, Roland Bitsch, Angels García-Cazorla, and Jean Marie Saudubray
Published: 2009

46. Phosphorylase B Kinase Deficiency

Author: Markus Braun-Falco, Henry J. Mankin, Sharon L. Wenger, Stephan DiSean Kendall, Gerard C. Blobe, Christoph K. Weber, Richard Lorenz, Guido Adler, David C. Whitcomb, Dhiraj Yadav, Johannes Bode, Martin Wabitsch, Klaus-Michael Debatin, Pamela Fischer Posovzsky, Akmal Hassan, Mosaad Megahed, Tord M. Lundgren, Markus Pfister, Hans-Peter Zenner, Rossana Berardi, Chiara Pierantoni, Mario Scartozzi, Stefano Cascinu, Geoffrey N. Hendy, Johannes Schwarz, Alexander Storch, John-John B. Schnog, Victor E. A. Gerdes, Susanne A. Schneider, Kailash P. Bhatia, Adriana C. Gittenberger-de Groot, Regina Bökenkamp, Marco C. DeRuiter, Alexander K. C. Leung, Andrew L. Wong, Undine E. Lang, Muammer Seyhan, Silke Hofmann, Leena Bruckner-Tuderman, Peter Kopp, Douglas Forrest, Emine Dibek Misirlioğlu, Nursel Alpan, Mark Oette, Massimo Imazio, Kavitha M. Chinnaiyan, Laxmi S. Mehta, Mushtaq A. Bhat, Javeed I. Bhat, Gerald Stöber, André Reis, Jan Rémi, Soheyl Noachtar, Karin Jurkat-Rott, Frank Lehmann-Horn, Marinella Holzhausen, Nathalie Vergnolle, Martin Schillinger, Hans-Jürgen Gdynia, Albert C. Ludolph, Thomas Namdar, Claus Ferdinand Eisenberger, Wolfram Trudo Knoefel, Pere Ginés, Mónica Guevara, Antonio L. Cuesta-Muñoz, Henk Eijer, Markus Böhm, Thomas A. Luger, Flemming Güttler, Per Guldberg, Richard Koch, Kathryn Moseley, Graeme Eisenhofer, Karel Pacak, James V. Leonard, Jaak Jaeken, Michael A. Becker, Ulrich Stephani, Kendall S. Frazier, Reginald S. Sauve, Verena Matejas, Martin Zenker, William Lane M. Robson, Stefan Beissert, Tom Y. Woo, Hugo Ten Cate, Richard W. Light, Patricia T. Bozza, Jorge I. Salluh, Michael A. Jantz, Sergio L. Vargas, Rade Tomic, Jesse Roman, Abdullah F. Mobeireek, Mohammad Khalid, Harrys A. Torres, Roy F. Chemaly, Angela Dispenzieri, Sabine Krause, Hanns Lochmüller, Julia Weihrauch, Thomas Krieg, Wolfgang Kühn, Gerd Walz, Georg H. Merker, Ralf Kubitz, Dieter Häussinger, Giovanna Musco, Guido Stoll, Klaus V. Toyka, Elena Pischik, Raili Kauppinen, Jorge Frank, Thomas Schwarz, Manish Thapar, Herbert. L. Bonkovsky, Jeffrey C. Wagner, A. Gordon Smith, Maria Mela, Ulrich Thalheimer, Dimitrios Samonakis, Andrew K. Burroughs, Yogesh M. Shastri, Jürgen M. Stein, Ronnen H. Segman, Arieh Y. Shalev, Giris Jacob, David Robertson, Katja Lampinen, Karolina Kublickiene, Risto Kaaja, Radosław Lenarczyk, Oskar Kowalski, Zbigniew Kalarus, Dan Wichterle, Jamie Maguire, Istvan Mody, Katrien Janssens, Filip Vanhoenacker, Wim Van Hul, Karel Geboes, Gert Van Assche, Jo H. M. Berden, Toin H. Van Kuppevelt, Angelique L. Rops, Christina M. Ambros-Rudolph, Valéria Lamounier-Zepter, Christie P. Thomas, Christian A. Koch, Lee S. Weinstein, Caroline Silve, Jouni Uitto, Qiujie Jiang, Orhan Yildiz, Uner Kayabas, Richard G. Hegele, Jean-Nicolas Tournier, Ahmet Mesrur Halefoğlu, Mary Redmond Hutson, Margaret L. Kirby, Fumito Okada, Yumiko Ando, Asami Ono, Hiromu Mori, Timothy M. Moore, Mary I. Townsley, Maria-T. Krauth, Ingrid Pabinger, Manfred Ballmann, Terence K. Trow, Vallerie V. McLaughlin, Atteyet-Alla Fetouh Yassin, Anselm Uebing, Michael A. Gatzoulis, Helena M. Gardiner, Lucia K. Ma, Patrick T. S. Ma, Lourdes Prieto, Larry Latson, Nancy R. Keller, Lynette D. Fairbanks, H. Anne Simmonds, Martina Brunner, Christos C. Zouboulis, Vincent Everts, Miep Helfrich, Peter Von Den Driesch, Roland Bitsch, Angels García-Cazorla, and Jean Marie Saudubray
Published: 2009

47. Primary Open Angle Glaucoma

Author: Markus Braun-Falco, Henry J. Mankin, Sharon L. Wenger, Stephan DiSean Kendall, Gerard C. Blobe, Christoph K. Weber, Richard Lorenz, Guido Adler, David C. Whitcomb, Dhiraj Yadav, Johannes Bode, Martin Wabitsch, Klaus-Michael Debatin, Pamela Fischer Posovzsky, Akmal Hassan, Mosaad Megahed, Tord M. Lundgren, Markus Pfister, Hans-Peter Zenner, Rossana Berardi, Chiara Pierantoni, Mario Scartozzi, Stefano Cascinu, Geoffrey N. Hendy, Johannes Schwarz, Alexander Storch, John-John B. Schnog, Victor E. A. Gerdes, Susanne A. Schneider, Kailash P. Bhatia, Adriana C. Gittenberger-de Groot, Regina Bökenkamp, Marco C. DeRuiter, Alexander K. C. Leung, Andrew L. Wong, Undine E. Lang, Muammer Seyhan, Silke Hofmann, Leena Bruckner-Tuderman, Peter Kopp, Douglas Forrest, Emine Dibek Misirlioğlu, Nursel Alpan, Mark Oette, Massimo Imazio, Kavitha M. Chinnaiyan, Laxmi S. Mehta, Mushtaq A. Bhat, Javeed I. Bhat, Gerald Stöber, André Reis, Jan Rémi, Soheyl Noachtar, Karin Jurkat-Rott, Frank Lehmann-Horn, Marinella Holzhausen, Nathalie Vergnolle, Martin Schillinger, Hans-Jürgen Gdynia, Albert C. Ludolph, Thomas Namdar, Claus Ferdinand Eisenberger, Wolfram Trudo Knoefel, Pere Ginés, Mónica Guevara, Antonio L. Cuesta-Muñoz, Henk Eijer, Markus Böhm, Thomas A. Luger, Flemming Güttler, Per Guldberg, Richard Koch, Kathryn Moseley, Graeme Eisenhofer, Karel Pacak, James V. Leonard, Jaak Jaeken, Michael A. Becker, Ulrich Stephani, Kendall S. Frazier, Reginald S. Sauve, Verena Matejas, Martin Zenker, William Lane M. Robson, Stefan Beissert, Tom Y. Woo, Hugo Ten Cate, Richard W. Light, Patricia T. Bozza, Jorge I. Salluh, Michael A. Jantz, Sergio L. Vargas, Rade Tomic, Jesse Roman, Abdullah F. Mobeireek, Mohammad Khalid, Harrys A. Torres, Roy F. Chemaly, Angela Dispenzieri, Sabine Krause, Hanns Lochmüller, Julia Weihrauch, Thomas Krieg, Wolfgang Kühn, Gerd Walz, Georg H. Merker, Ralf Kubitz, Dieter Häussinger, Giovanna Musco, Guido Stoll, Klaus V. Toyka, Elena Pischik, Raili Kauppinen, Jorge Frank, Thomas Schwarz, Manish Thapar, Herbert. L. Bonkovsky, Jeffrey C. Wagner, A. Gordon Smith, Maria Mela, Ulrich Thalheimer, Dimitrios Samonakis, Andrew K. Burroughs, Yogesh M. Shastri, Jürgen M. Stein, Ronnen H. Segman, Arieh Y. Shalev, Giris Jacob, David Robertson, Katja Lampinen, Karolina Kublickiene, Risto Kaaja, Radosław Lenarczyk, Oskar Kowalski, Zbigniew Kalarus, Dan Wichterle, Jamie Maguire, Istvan Mody, Katrien Janssens, Filip Vanhoenacker, Wim Van Hul, Karel Geboes, Gert Van Assche, Jo H. M. Berden, Toin H. Van Kuppevelt, Angelique L. Rops, Christina M. Ambros-Rudolph, Valéria Lamounier-Zepter, Christie P. Thomas, Christian A. Koch, Lee S. Weinstein, Caroline Silve, Jouni Uitto, Qiujie Jiang, Orhan Yildiz, Uner Kayabas, Richard G. Hegele, Jean-Nicolas Tournier, Ahmet Mesrur Halefoğlu, Mary Redmond Hutson, Margaret L. Kirby, Fumito Okada, Yumiko Ando, Asami Ono, Hiromu Mori, Timothy M. Moore, Mary I. Townsley, Maria-T. Krauth, Ingrid Pabinger, Manfred Ballmann, Terence K. Trow, Vallerie V. McLaughlin, Atteyet-Alla Fetouh Yassin, Anselm Uebing, Michael A. Gatzoulis, Helena M. Gardiner, Lucia K. Ma, Patrick T. S. Ma, Lourdes Prieto, Larry Latson, Nancy R. Keller, Lynette D. Fairbanks, H. Anne Simmonds, Martina Brunner, Christos C. Zouboulis, Vincent Everts, Miep Helfrich, Peter Von Den Driesch, Roland Bitsch, Angels García-Cazorla, and Jean Marie Saudubray
Published: 2009

48. Pseudohypoaldosteronism Type II

Author: Markus Braun-Falco, Henry J. Mankin, Sharon L. Wenger, Stephan DiSean Kendall, Gerard C. Blobe, Christoph K. Weber, Richard Lorenz, Guido Adler, David C. Whitcomb, Dhiraj Yadav, Johannes Bode, Martin Wabitsch, Klaus-Michael Debatin, Pamela Fischer Posovzsky, Akmal Hassan, Mosaad Megahed, Tord M. Lundgren, Markus Pfister, Hans-Peter Zenner, Rossana Berardi, Chiara Pierantoni, Mario Scartozzi, Stefano Cascinu, Geoffrey N. Hendy, Johannes Schwarz, Alexander Storch, John-John B. Schnog, Victor E. A. Gerdes, Susanne A. Schneider, Kailash P. Bhatia, Adriana C. Gittenberger-de Groot, Regina Bökenkamp, Marco C. DeRuiter, Alexander K. C. Leung, Andrew L. Wong, Undine E. Lang, Muammer Seyhan, Silke Hofmann, Leena Bruckner-Tuderman, Peter Kopp, Douglas Forrest, Emine Dibek Misirlioğlu, Nursel Alpan, Mark Oette, Massimo Imazio, Kavitha M. Chinnaiyan, Laxmi S. Mehta, Mushtaq A. Bhat, Javeed I. Bhat, Gerald Stöber, André Reis, Jan Rémi, Soheyl Noachtar, Karin Jurkat-Rott, Frank Lehmann-Horn, Marinella Holzhausen, Nathalie Vergnolle, Martin Schillinger, Hans-Jürgen Gdynia, Albert C. Ludolph, Thomas Namdar, Claus Ferdinand Eisenberger, Wolfram Trudo Knoefel, Pere Ginés, Mónica Guevara, Antonio L. Cuesta-Muñoz, Henk Eijer, Markus Böhm, Thomas A. Luger, Flemming Güttler, Per Guldberg, Richard Koch, Kathryn Moseley, Graeme Eisenhofer, Karel Pacak, James V. Leonard, Jaak Jaeken, Michael A. Becker, Ulrich Stephani, Kendall S. Frazier, Reginald S. Sauve, Verena Matejas, Martin Zenker, William Lane M. Robson, Stefan Beissert, Tom Y. Woo, Hugo Ten Cate, Richard W. Light, Patricia T. Bozza, Jorge I. Salluh, Michael A. Jantz, Sergio L. Vargas, Rade Tomic, Jesse Roman, Abdullah F. Mobeireek, Mohammad Khalid, Harrys A. Torres, Roy F. Chemaly, Angela Dispenzieri, Sabine Krause, Hanns Lochmüller, Julia Weihrauch, Thomas Krieg, Wolfgang Kühn, Gerd Walz, Georg H. Merker, Ralf Kubitz, Dieter Häussinger, Giovanna Musco, Guido Stoll, Klaus V. Toyka, Elena Pischik, Raili Kauppinen, Jorge Frank, Thomas Schwarz, Manish Thapar, Herbert. L. Bonkovsky, Jeffrey C. Wagner, A. Gordon Smith, Maria Mela, Ulrich Thalheimer, Dimitrios Samonakis, Andrew K. Burroughs, Yogesh M. Shastri, Jürgen M. Stein, Ronnen H. Segman, Arieh Y. Shalev, Giris Jacob, David Robertson, Katja Lampinen, Karolina Kublickiene, Risto Kaaja, Radosław Lenarczyk, Oskar Kowalski, Zbigniew Kalarus, Dan Wichterle, Jamie Maguire, Istvan Mody, Katrien Janssens, Filip Vanhoenacker, Wim Van Hul, Karel Geboes, Gert Van Assche, Jo H. M. Berden, Toin H. Van Kuppevelt, Angelique L. Rops, Christina M. Ambros-Rudolph, Valéria Lamounier-Zepter, Christie P. Thomas, Christian A. Koch, Lee S. Weinstein, Caroline Silve, Jouni Uitto, Qiujie Jiang, Orhan Yildiz, Uner Kayabas, Richard G. Hegele, Jean-Nicolas Tournier, Ahmet Mesrur Halefoğlu, Mary Redmond Hutson, Margaret L. Kirby, Fumito Okada, Yumiko Ando, Asami Ono, Hiromu Mori, Timothy M. Moore, Mary I. Townsley, Maria-T. Krauth, Ingrid Pabinger, Manfred Ballmann, Terence K. Trow, Vallerie V. McLaughlin, Atteyet-Alla Fetouh Yassin, Anselm Uebing, Michael A. Gatzoulis, Helena M. Gardiner, Lucia K. Ma, Patrick T. S. Ma, Lourdes Prieto, Larry Latson, Nancy R. Keller, Lynette D. Fairbanks, H. Anne Simmonds, Martina Brunner, Christos C. Zouboulis, Vincent Everts, Miep Helfrich, Peter Von Den Driesch, Roland Bitsch, Angels García-Cazorla, and Jean Marie Saudubray
Published: 2009

49. Pulmonary Atresia with Ventricular Septal Defect

Author: Markus Braun-Falco, Henry J. Mankin, Sharon L. Wenger, Stephan DiSean Kendall, Gerard C. Blobe, Christoph K. Weber, Richard Lorenz, Guido Adler, David C. Whitcomb, Dhiraj Yadav, Johannes Bode, Martin Wabitsch, Klaus-Michael Debatin, Pamela Fischer Posovzsky, Akmal Hassan, Mosaad Megahed, Tord M. Lundgren, Markus Pfister, Hans-Peter Zenner, Rossana Berardi, Chiara Pierantoni, Mario Scartozzi, Stefano Cascinu, Geoffrey N. Hendy, Johannes Schwarz, Alexander Storch, John-John B. Schnog, Victor E. A. Gerdes, Susanne A. Schneider, Kailash P. Bhatia, Adriana C. Gittenberger-de Groot, Regina Bökenkamp, Marco C. DeRuiter, Alexander K. C. Leung, Andrew L. Wong, Undine E. Lang, Muammer Seyhan, Silke Hofmann, Leena Bruckner-Tuderman, Peter Kopp, Douglas Forrest, Emine Dibek Misirlioğlu, Nursel Alpan, Mark Oette, Massimo Imazio, Kavitha M. Chinnaiyan, Laxmi S. Mehta, Mushtaq A. Bhat, Javeed I. Bhat, Gerald Stöber, André Reis, Jan Rémi, Soheyl Noachtar, Karin Jurkat-Rott, Frank Lehmann-Horn, Marinella Holzhausen, Nathalie Vergnolle, Martin Schillinger, Hans-Jürgen Gdynia, Albert C. Ludolph, Thomas Namdar, Claus Ferdinand Eisenberger, Wolfram Trudo Knoefel, Pere Ginés, Mónica Guevara, Antonio L. Cuesta-Muñoz, Henk Eijer, Markus Böhm, Thomas A. Luger, Flemming Güttler, Per Guldberg, Richard Koch, Kathryn Moseley, Graeme Eisenhofer, Karel Pacak, James V. Leonard, Jaak Jaeken, Michael A. Becker, Ulrich Stephani, Kendall S. Frazier, Reginald S. Sauve, Verena Matejas, Martin Zenker, William Lane M. Robson, Stefan Beissert, Tom Y. Woo, Hugo Ten Cate, Richard W. Light, Patricia T. Bozza, Jorge I. Salluh, Michael A. Jantz, Sergio L. Vargas, Rade Tomic, Jesse Roman, Abdullah F. Mobeireek, Mohammad Khalid, Harrys A. Torres, Roy F. Chemaly, Angela Dispenzieri, Sabine Krause, Hanns Lochmüller, Julia Weihrauch, Thomas Krieg, Wolfgang Kühn, Gerd Walz, Georg H. Merker, Ralf Kubitz, Dieter Häussinger, Giovanna Musco, Guido Stoll, Klaus V. Toyka, Elena Pischik, Raili Kauppinen, Jorge Frank, Thomas Schwarz, Manish Thapar, Herbert. L. Bonkovsky, Jeffrey C. Wagner, A. Gordon Smith, Maria Mela, Ulrich Thalheimer, Dimitrios Samonakis, Andrew K. Burroughs, Yogesh M. Shastri, Jürgen M. Stein, Ronnen H. Segman, Arieh Y. Shalev, Giris Jacob, David Robertson, Katja Lampinen, Karolina Kublickiene, Risto Kaaja, Radosław Lenarczyk, Oskar Kowalski, Zbigniew Kalarus, Dan Wichterle, Jamie Maguire, Istvan Mody, Katrien Janssens, Filip Vanhoenacker, Wim Van Hul, Karel Geboes, Gert Van Assche, Jo H. M. Berden, Toin H. Van Kuppevelt, Angelique L. Rops, Christina M. Ambros-Rudolph, Valéria Lamounier-Zepter, Christie P. Thomas, Christian A. Koch, Lee S. Weinstein, Caroline Silve, Jouni Uitto, Qiujie Jiang, Orhan Yildiz, Uner Kayabas, Richard G. Hegele, Jean-Nicolas Tournier, Ahmet Mesrur Halefoğlu, Mary Redmond Hutson, Margaret L. Kirby, Fumito Okada, Yumiko Ando, Asami Ono, Hiromu Mori, Timothy M. Moore, Mary I. Townsley, Maria-T. Krauth, Ingrid Pabinger, Manfred Ballmann, Terence K. Trow, Vallerie V. McLaughlin, Atteyet-Alla Fetouh Yassin, Anselm Uebing, Michael A. Gatzoulis, Helena M. Gardiner, Lucia K. Ma, Patrick T. S. Ma, Lourdes Prieto, Larry Latson, Nancy R. Keller, Lynette D. Fairbanks, H. Anne Simmonds, Martina Brunner, Christos C. Zouboulis, Vincent Everts, Miep Helfrich, Peter Von Den Driesch, Roland Bitsch, Angels García-Cazorla, and Jean Marie Saudubray
Published: 2009

50. Pharyngoesophageal Diverticula

Author: Markus Braun-Falco, Henry J. Mankin, Sharon L. Wenger, Stephan DiSean Kendall, Gerard C. Blobe, Christoph K. Weber, Richard Lorenz, Guido Adler, David C. Whitcomb, Dhiraj Yadav, Johannes Bode, Martin Wabitsch, Klaus-Michael Debatin, Pamela Fischer Posovzsky, Akmal Hassan, Mosaad Megahed, Tord M. Lundgren, Markus Pfister, Hans-Peter Zenner, Rossana Berardi, Chiara Pierantoni, Mario Scartozzi, Stefano Cascinu, Geoffrey N. Hendy, Johannes Schwarz, Alexander Storch, John-John B. Schnog, Victor E. A. Gerdes, Susanne A. Schneider, Kailash P. Bhatia, Adriana C. Gittenberger-de Groot, Regina Bökenkamp, Marco C. DeRuiter, Alexander K. C. Leung, Andrew L. Wong, Undine E. Lang, Muammer Seyhan, Silke Hofmann, Leena Bruckner-Tuderman, Peter Kopp, Douglas Forrest, Emine Dibek Misirlioğlu, Nursel Alpan, Mark Oette, Massimo Imazio, Kavitha M. Chinnaiyan, Laxmi S. Mehta, Mushtaq A. Bhat, Javeed I. Bhat, Gerald Stöber, André Reis, Jan Rémi, Soheyl Noachtar, Karin Jurkat-Rott, Frank Lehmann-Horn, Marinella Holzhausen, Nathalie Vergnolle, Martin Schillinger, Hans-Jürgen Gdynia, Albert C. Ludolph, Thomas Namdar, Claus Ferdinand Eisenberger, Wolfram Trudo Knoefel, Pere Ginés, Mónica Guevara, Antonio L. Cuesta-Muñoz, Henk Eijer, Markus Böhm, Thomas A. Luger, Flemming Güttler, Per Guldberg, Richard Koch, Kathryn Moseley, Graeme Eisenhofer, Karel Pacak, James V. Leonard, Jaak Jaeken, Michael A. Becker, Ulrich Stephani, Kendall S. Frazier, Reginald S. Sauve, Verena Matejas, Martin Zenker, William Lane M. Robson, Stefan Beissert, Tom Y. Woo, Hugo Ten Cate, Richard W. Light, Patricia T. Bozza, Jorge I. Salluh, Michael A. Jantz, Sergio L. Vargas, Rade Tomic, Jesse Roman, Abdullah F. Mobeireek, Mohammad Khalid, Harrys A. Torres, Roy F. Chemaly, Angela Dispenzieri, Sabine Krause, Hanns Lochmüller, Julia Weihrauch, Thomas Krieg, Wolfgang Kühn, Gerd Walz, Georg H. Merker, Ralf Kubitz, Dieter Häussinger, Giovanna Musco, Guido Stoll, Klaus V. Toyka, Elena Pischik, Raili Kauppinen, Jorge Frank, Thomas Schwarz, Manish Thapar, Herbert. L. Bonkovsky, Jeffrey C. Wagner, A. Gordon Smith, Maria Mela, Ulrich Thalheimer, Dimitrios Samonakis, Andrew K. Burroughs, Yogesh M. Shastri, Jürgen M. Stein, Ronnen H. Segman, Arieh Y. Shalev, Giris Jacob, David Robertson, Katja Lampinen, Karolina Kublickiene, Risto Kaaja, Radosław Lenarczyk, Oskar Kowalski, Zbigniew Kalarus, Dan Wichterle, Jamie Maguire, Istvan Mody, Katrien Janssens, Filip Vanhoenacker, Wim Van Hul, Karel Geboes, Gert Van Assche, Jo H. M. Berden, Toin H. Van Kuppevelt, Angelique L. Rops, Christina M. Ambros-Rudolph, Valéria Lamounier-Zepter, Christie P. Thomas, Christian A. Koch, Lee S. Weinstein, Caroline Silve, Jouni Uitto, Qiujie Jiang, Orhan Yildiz, Uner Kayabas, Richard G. Hegele, Jean-Nicolas Tournier, Ahmet Mesrur Halefoğlu, Mary Redmond Hutson, Margaret L. Kirby, Fumito Okada, Yumiko Ando, Asami Ono, Hiromu Mori, Timothy M. Moore, Mary I. Townsley, Maria-T. Krauth, Ingrid Pabinger, Manfred Ballmann, Terence K. Trow, Vallerie V. McLaughlin, Atteyet-Alla Fetouh Yassin, Anselm Uebing, Michael A. Gatzoulis, Helena M. Gardiner, Lucia K. Ma, Patrick T. S. Ma, Lourdes Prieto, Larry Latson, Nancy R. Keller, Lynette D. Fairbanks, H. Anne Simmonds, Martina Brunner, Christos C. Zouboulis, Vincent Everts, Miep Helfrich, Peter Von Den Driesch, Roland Bitsch, Angels García-Cazorla, and Jean Marie Saudubray
Published: 2009

Catalog

Books, media, physical & digital resources

See catalog results

Searchworks

Select search scope, currently: Articles Catalog books, media & more in Jio Institute collections Articles journal articles & other e-resources

Search

Search Constraints

Refine your results

Search Limiters

Topic

Publication Year Range

Language

Publication Type

Journal

Database

Publisher

472 results on '"Martina Brunner"'

Search Results

Catalog

Select search scope, currently: Articles

Catalog

books, media & more in Jio Institute collections

Articles

journal articles & other e-resources